fodklokn dk osfnd fl)kur

Transcription

1 vks3e~ fodklokn dk osfnd fl)kur ¼ys[kd & vkpk;z vfxuozr usf"bd½ l`f V o euq ; dh mrifùk oskkfud txr~ ds fy, dqrwgy dk fo k; jgh gsa pkylz MkfoZu ds fodklokn dh ifjdyiuk ds i pkr~ blds lefkzu rfkk fojks/k nksuksa gh i{kksa esa cgl pyrh vk jgh gsa fodkloknh vo/kkj.kk vehck ls ysdj euq ; rd dh J`a[kyk dks Øfed fodkl dh nsu ekurh gs] ftlesa fofhkuu iztkfr;ksa esa ifjflfkfr;ksa ds vuqdwy dqn ifjorzu vkrs jgdj mugha ls u;h&2 iztkfr;ka mriuu gksrh jghaa bl izdkj bl fopkj/kkjk ds vuqlkj euq ;,oa vu; i kq&if{k;ksa] dhv&iraxksa] lhkh ds iwozt,d gh Fks rfkk vk/kqfud cunj euq ; dk lokzf/kd fudv lecu/kh gsa fofhkuu iztkfr;ksa esa ukuk vaxksa dk fodkl Lo;eso vko ;drk ds vuq:i gksrk jgk vfkkzzr~,d izk.kh nwljs izk.kh esa fdlh fo fr ds dkj.k cnyrk jgka bl fodklokn ds fo#) Hkh vusd fons kh oskkfudksa us le;&2 ij vusd fl)kur fn, gsaa kkjhfjd fodkl] cksf)d fodkl,oa Hkk kk ds fodkl] bu rhuksa gh fo k;ksa (1)

2 ij fodklokn ds fojks/kh fons kh oskkfudksa us Hkh vusd xehkhj iz u [km+s fd;s gsa] ijurq fodkloknh dhkh bu iz uksa dk leqfpr mùkj ugha ns ikrsa b/kj Hkkjr esa egf kz n;kuun ljlorh,oa muds ijorhz o vuq;k;h vusd fo}kuksa us fodklokn dh vo/kkj.kk dks fef;k fl) fd;k gs] iqujfi MkfoZu dk fodklokn vkt Hkh dqn iwokzxzgh oskkfudksa ds fy, vkn kz fl)kur cuk gqvk gsa vhkh dsunzh; ekuo lalk/ku fodkl jkt; ea=h Jheku~ MkW- lr;ikyflag th ds odro; fd ge lhkh ekuo cunjksa dh ugha] cfyd ekuo dh gh lurku gsa] ij ;s egkuqhkko dksykgy djrs gq, mu ij prqfnzd~ vkøe.k djus yxrs gsaa ns k ds oskkfud o oskkfud lalfkku Hkh lc,dtqv gks tkrs gsaa esaus Hkh bu lhkh ls lks ky ehfm;k ds ek/;e ls vusd iz u iwns Fks ijurq fdlh Hkh izekf.kr lalfkk ok fo}ku~ us esjs iz uksa dk mùkj ugha fn;k cfyd dqn egkuqhkkoksa us vuxzy izyki gh fd;ka bu egkuqhkkoksa dks fdlh Hkh ns kh vfkok fons kh oskkfud vfkok fopkjd dk ;g dfku dnkfi Lohdkj ugha fd ge euq ; dh gh lurku gsa\ esjs iz uksa ds mùkj esa dsoy esjk fl)kur tkuus dh bpnk O;Dr djus okys egkuqhkkoksa ds fy, esa osfnd fodklokn ij vius laf{kir fopkj izlrqr djrk gw A olrqr% ^fodklokn* kcn ij fopkj djsa] rks ;g kcn vfr mùke o lkfkzd gs] ysfdu MkfoZu,oa muds lefkzdksa us bl kcn dk leqfpr vfkz ugha tkuk vksj vius voskkfud er dks ^fodklokn* fo ks k.k ls fohkwf kr djus dk iz;kl fd;ka vxj ge leiw.kz l`f V ij xehkhjrk ls fopkj djsa] rks Li V gksrk gs fd leiw.kz l`f V,oa mldk izr;sd mriuu inkfkz fodkl dh lhf<+;ka p<+rs&2 gh orzeku Lo:i esa vkt fn[kkbz ns jgk gsa fcuk Øfed fodkl ds izk.kh txr~ dh ckr gh D;k djsa] dksbz yksd&yksdkurj ok,d d.k] QksVksu vkfn Hkh dhkh ugha cu ldrka osfnd fokku fodklokn dh fo kn O;k[;k djrk gs ijurq gekjk fodklokn MkfoZu dk fodklokn dnkfi ugha gsa MkfoZu dk fodklokn olrqr% fodklokn ugha gs] cfyd vfu;fu=r o cqf)foghu ;n`pn;kokn ¼euekukiu½ gs] ftls Hkzeo k oskkfud fodklokn uke fn;k tk jgk gsa (2)

3 oklro esa fodkl dk vfkz gs] cht ls vadqj] vadqj ls iks/kk o mlls iq i] Qy o iqu% cht dk mriuu gksuka vkt fokku ftugsa ewy d.k eku jgk gs] os DokdZ rfkk QksVksUl Hkh oklro esa ewy inkfkz ugha gsa os Hkh lw{e jf e;ksa dks la?kfur :i gsa vfkkzr~ mu jf e;ksa ds ukuk leqnk;ksa ds fodflr :i gsaa tks String theorist bu d.kksa dks lw{e Strings ls fufezr ekurs gsa] os Strings Hkh ewy rro ugha gsa] cfyd os osfnd jf e;ksa ds la?kfur o fodflr :i gsaa Strings o d.kksa ok QksVksUl ds fodkl ls orzeku fokku vufhkk gsa thofokkuh ftl vehck dks lcls NksVh bdkbz ekurs gsa vfkok mlds vunj fo eku xq.klw=] thul] D.N.A. vkfn dks lw{ere inkfkz ekurs gsa] os ugha tkurs fd tgk mudk tho fokku lekir gks tkrk gs] ogk HkkSfrd fokku izkjehk gksrk gs vksj tgk orzeku HkkSfrd fokku lekir gks tkrk gs] ogk osfnd HkkSfrd fokku izkjehk gksrk gs vksj tgk osfnd HkkSfrd fokku dh lhek lekir gks tkrh gs] ogk osfnd vk/;kfred fokku izkjehk gksrk gsa vkt fomecuk ;g gs fd osfnd HkkSfrd fokku,oa osfnd vk/;kfred fokku dh furkur mis{kk djds ok mldk migkl ok fojks/k djds HkkSfrd fokku,oa tho fokku vkfn dh lel;kvksa dk gy [kkstus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gsa ;g Hkh,d nq%[kn lr; gs fd lalkj dks osfnd HkkSfrd fokku ls voxr djkus okys Hkh dgk gsa\ bl dkj.k orzeku fokku vusd lel;kvksa ls xzlr gs rfkk,d lel;k dk lek/kku djus dk iz;kl djrk gs] rks vusd ubz lel;kvksa dks mriuu Hkh dj ysrk gsa,d VSDuksykWth dk vkfo dkj djrk gs] rks ukuk nq izhkkoksa dks Hkh mriuu dj ysrk gs] nokvksa ds fodkl ds lkfk jksxksa dk Hkh fujurj fodkl gks jgk gs] lq[k&lk/kuksa ds fodkl ds lkfk&2 vijk/kksa,oa i;kzoj.k iznw k.k dks Hkh le`) djrk tk jgk gsa bu lc lel;kvksa dk ewy dkj.k gs] orzeku fokku dk viw.kz Kku] ftldk dkj.k osfnd Kku dh mis{kk gh gsa vlrqa ge ppkz dj jgs Fks fd l`f V dk izr;sd dffkr ewyd.k o QksVksu lw{e osfnd jf e;ksa ds vfr cqf)eùkkiw.kz la;ksx ls cus gsaa os jf e;ka eulrro,oa eulrro] dky o iz fr ds la;ksx ls mriuu gksrk gsa lcds (3)

4 ihns lozfu;u=d] loz kfdreku~] lozo;kid] fujkdkj] lozk psru lùkk bz oj dh izsj.kk gsa l`f V ds lokzf/kd lw{e rro iz fr ls ysdj orzeku ewyd.kksa rd dh fodkl ;k=k cm+h yech o O;ofLFkr oskkfud izfø;k gs] ftldk orzeku HkkSfrd oskkfudksa dks fo ks k Hkku ugha gsa ewyd.kksa,oa QksVksu dh mrifùk ls ysdj rkjs] xzg o mixzgksa rd ds fuekz.k rd dh fodkl ;k=k dh ppkz ;gk djuk mfpr ughaa osls orzeku Cosmology, Particle Physics, Astrophysics, Quantum field theory, String theory tslh fofhkuu kk[kk,a bu fo k;ksa dh viuh lhek ds vunj O;k[;k djrh gsaa esjk fo k; Hkh bugha inkfkksza ij xehkhj izdk k Mkyuk gsa tho fokku esjk fo k; ugha gs] iqujfi orzeku vu/k dksykgy ds chp dqn ;qodksa ds vkxzg ij esa viuh ckr HkkSfrd fokku dh xgjkb;ksa dks NksM+dj oulifr o izkf.ktxr~ dh mrifùk ij gh dsfunzr djrk gw A tc i`ffkoh tslk dksbz xzg vius rkjs ls i`fkd~ gksrk gs] fdaok rkjk mu xzgksa ls i`fkd~ gksdj nwj tkrk gs] ml le; xzg dk Lo:i vkxus; gksrk gsa /khjs&2 og vkxus; :i BaMk gksdj nzoh; :i esa ifj.kr gksus yxrk gs vksj ml le; mriuu ty ok i /khjs&2 BaMs gksdj o`f V gksus ls i`ffkoh ij ty Hkh Hkjus yxrk gsa tks Hkkx ty ls ckgj jgrk gs] ogk Hkh thou dh mrifùk gsrq vko ;d rro vkdlhtu] gkbmªkstu] dkczu] ukbvªkstu] D.N.A., R.N.A., olk] vehuks vey] izksvhu] ty vkfn fofhkuu jklk;fud vfhkfø;kvksa ds fujurj pyrs jgus ds dkj.k mriuu gksus yxrs gsaa budh mrifùk esa lglzksa o kz yxrs gsaa ;s lhkh inkfkz bl i`ffkoh ij ;=&r= nzo o xsl :i esa Hkj tkrs gsaa l % mriuu lkxjksa esa Hkh ;s inkfkz mriuu gks tkrs gsaa buds iqu% vfxze fodflr o la;qdr :i ls,ddks kh; oulifr dh mrifùk gksrh gsa fofhkuu,vel o NksVs ekwyhd;wyl ds fof k V o cqf)tu; la;ksx ls oulifr dksf kdk dh mrifùk vfr jgl;e;h o O;ofLFkr izfø;k gsa ;g ckr lnso /;kro; gs fd lw{e jf e;ksa ls ysdj oulifr dksf kdk ds fuekz.k ds lglzksa pj.kksa dk lapkyu fdlh ;n`pn;k ¼euekukiu½ izfø;k ls lehko ugha gks ldrk vksj u gh ;g lc fu"iz;kstu vksj vfu;af=r izfø;k gs] cfyd ;g bz oj rro }kjk cqf)iwozd izsfjr] fu;af=r o,d fof k V iz;kstu;qdr izfø;k gsa,d&2 dksf kdk dh lajpuk dks /;ku ls ns[ksa] rks ik;saxs fd blesa vjcksa lw{e d.kksaa dk,d fof k V oskkfud la;ksx gs vksj muesa ls izr;sd d.k lsdm+ksa lw{e osfnd jf e;ksa dk fof k V la;qdr ok fodflr :i gsa bl dkj.k loz= psru kfdr dh vfuok;z Hkwfedk gsa blds fcuk ;g izfø;k,d dne vkxs ugha c<+ ldrha ;g Hkh /;kro; gs (4)

5 fd ty] ok;q] Hkwfe,oa buesa ok buds }kjk ukuk thouh; rro cuus ds mijkur lozizfke oulifr dh gh mrifùk gksrh gsa oulifr dksf kdk ds mriuu gksus] mlds thfor jgus,oa mlds fodflr gksdj iks/ks ds mriuu gksus ds fy, vko ;d rroksa dh mrifùk igys gksrh gs] mlds i pkr~ gh oulifr dksf kdk dk tue jklk;fud izfø;k ls gksrk gsa izk.kh dksf kdk oulifr;ksa ds fuekz.k ds i pkr~ gh mriuu gksrh gsa bldk dkj.k gs fd lhkh tho&turq oulifr;ksa ij gh izr;{k ok ijks{k :i ls fuhkzj gsaa ekalkgkjh izk.kh kkdkgkjh izkf.k;ksa ij fuhkzj jgrs gsaa bl dkj.k oulifr;ksa dh mrifùk ds i pkr~ tho turqvksa dh mrifùk,ddks kh; tho ls gh izkjehk gksrh gsa oulifr;ksa esa Hkh ljy ls tfvy lajpuk okyh oulifr;ksa dh Øfed mrifùk gksrh gsa Øfed mrifùk dk vfkz ;g ugha fd ksoky fodflr gksdj ov o`{k cu tk;s vfkok ihiy] vke vksj ccwy cknke dk :i ys ysa blh izdkj,ddks kh; tho vehck dh mrifùk Hkwfe ok ty esa gksrh gs] ysfdu dksbz tho Hkys gh og,ddks kh; gks vfkok cgqdks kh;] dsoy dqn inkfkksza dk jklk;fud la;ksx ek= gh ugha gksrk] vfirq mlds vunj lw{e psru rro thokrek dk Hkh la;ksx gksrk gsa leiw.kz la;ksx gh tho dk :i gksrk gsa orzeku fokku Hkh jklk;fud la;ksxksa ls dksf kdk dh mrifùk ekurk gs& A very important step the formation of a cell must have been the development of lipid mambrane. In order that biological systems can function efficiently, it is essential that the enzymes connected with successive stages of synthesis of biochemical pathway should be in a close a proximity to one another. The necessary conditions for this are obtained in cells by means of lipid manbranes which can maintain local high concentration of reactants. The presence of hydrocarbons early in the earth s history has already been mentioned... Life requires for its maintanance a continous supply of energy this could have been provided by ultraviolate or visible light from the sun, or possibly partly from the break down of unstable free radiations produced in the earth s atmosphere by ultraviolate light. [Cell Biology, page by E.J. Ambrose & Dorothy M.Easty, London -1973] (5)

6 Hkko ;g gs fd bl i`ffkoh ij jklk;fud] tsfod fø;kvksas ls fofhkuu Ádkj ds,atkbel dk fuekz.k gksdj thou gsrq vko ;d inkfkksza dk fuekz.k gks x;ka blds lkfk gh vusd= jklk;fud inkfkksza }kjk gh dksf kdk fhkfùk;ksa rfkk tho nzo;kfn dk fuekz.k bl Hkwfe ij gqvk rfkk mu dksf kdkvksa dks lrr iks k.k nsus dk dk;z i`ffkoh ij miflfkr vko ;d jklk;fud inkfkksza rfkk lw;z ds Ádk k us fd;ka dqn oskkfud,slk ekurs gsa fd i`ffkoh ij thou fdlh vu; xzg ls vk;k] muls ge tkuuk pkgrs gsa fd ftl izdkj fdlh vu; xzg ij thou dh mrifùk gks ldrh gs] mlh izdkj bl i`ffkoh ij D;ksa ugha gks ldrh\ olrqr%,slk fopkj lozfkk vifjido lksp dk ifj.kke gsa orzeku dqn oskkfud Hkh bl /kkj.kk ls lger ugha gsaa os dgrs gsa& The view the life did infact originate on the earth itself after it had cooled over a period of many thousands of years is almost universally accepted today. [Cel Biology, page - 474] tks oskkfud vehck ls fodflr gksdj vfkkzr~,d iztkfr ls nwljh iztkfr ds mriuu gksus dh ckr djrs gsa] os ;g ugha fopkjrs fd u rks oulifr esa vksj u izkf.k;ksa esa,slk ifjorzu lehko gs vksj u bldh dksbz vko ;drk gsa ge ;gk oskkfudksa ds dfyir o fef;k fodklokn ij dksbz iz u bl dkj.k ugha djsaxs] D;ksafd ge bl ij igys vusd iz u dj pqds gsaa tks MkfoZu ds fodklokn dh folrkj ls leh{kk pkgrs gsa] mugsa vk;z fo}ku~ ia-j?kquunu 'kekz }kjk fyf[kr ^osfnd leifr* uked xzufk i<+uk pkfg,a Hkyk tc vehck dh mrifùk jklk;fud fø;kvksa ls gks ldrh gs] rc fofhkuu izkf.k;ksa ds kqøk.kq o v.mk.kq dh mrifùk blh izdkj D;ksa ugha gks ldrh\ tc 500 ls vf/kd xq.klw=ksa okyk vehck jklk;fud vfhkfø;k ls mriuu gks ldrk gs] rc cunj] fpeisath] vksjkaxmvku ftuesa 48&48 xq.klw= gksrs gsa] 46 xq.klw= okys euq ; esa L=h o iq# k ds 23&23 xq.klw= okys kqøk.kq o v.mk.kq dh mrifùk vehck dh Hkkafr D;ksa ugha gks ldrh\ euq ; ds gh cjkcj xq.klw= okys Sable Antelope tsls fgju tsls i kq rfkk Reaves s Muntjac uked fgju tsls tkuoj ds kqøk.kq o v.mk.kq] 56 xq.klw= okys gkfkh ds kqøk.kq o v.mk.kq D;ksa mriuu gks ldrs\ phavh] ftlesa dsoy 2 xq.klw= gh gksrs gsa] og D;ksa mriuu gks ldrh\ ;gk osfnd er ;g gs fd ftl tho ds Hkj.k&iks k.k gsrq ftrus de inkfkksza dh vko ;drk gksrh gs] og tho mruk igys gh mriuu gksrk gsa (6)

7 lhkh izkf.k;ksa ls iwoz oulifr;ksa dh mrifùk gksrh gs vksj ekalkgkjh izkf.k;ksa ls iwoz kkdkgkjh izkf.k;ksa dh rfkk kkdkgkfj;ksa esa euq ;,d,slk izk.kh gs] ftls lcls fodflr ok muur ekuk tk ldrk gs,oa og fofhkuu izkf.k;ksa o oulifr;ksa ij fuhkzj jgrk gs] blh dkj.k mldh mrifùk lcls ckn esa gksrh gsa vc iz u ;g mbrk gs fd Hkzw.kksa dk fodkl fcuk eknk ds dsls gksrk gs\ kqøk.kq o v.mk.kq rks ekuysa jklk;fud fø;k ds QyLo:i Hkwfe ok ty esa mriuu gks x;k ijurq kqøk.kq o v.mk.kq dk fu kspu o Hkzw.k dk fodkl dgk o dsls gqvk\ bl fo k; esa euq ;ksrifùk dh ppkz djrs gq, egf kz n;kuun ljlorh us ^lr;kfkz izdk k* uked xzufk esa ;qokolfkk esa Hkwfe ls mrifùk crkbz gsa mugksaus rdz fn;k gs fd ;fn f k kq volfkk esa mrifùk gksrh rks] mudh j{kk o ikyu dksu djrk rfkk ;fn o`) mriuu gksrs] rks oa k ijeijk dsls pyrh\ bl dkj.k euq ; dh ;qokolfkk esa gh Hkwfe ls mrifùk gksrh gsa ; fi bl fo k; esa mugksaus dksbz izek.k ugha fn;k ijurq gesa _Xosn ds izek.k bl fo k; esa feys] tgk fy[kk gs& mi liz ekrja Hkwfeesrkeq#O;pla i`ffkoha lq ksoke~a Å.kZeznk ;qofrnzf{k.kkor, kk Rok ikrq fu_zrs#ilfkkr~aa bl ij esjk vkf/khkksfrd Hkk ; & gs tho! ¼lq ksoke~½ lq kso% lqlq[kre%& fu#dr 3-3À mùke lq[k nsus esa lozjs B ¼,rke~½ bl ¼ekrje~½ ekrk ds leku ¼Hkwfee~½ izkjehk esa ftlds xhkz esa lhkh izk.kh mriuu gksrs ok ftl ij lhkh izk.kh fuokl djrs gsa] og i`ffkoh ¼m#&O;ple~½ vfr folrkj okyh gksdj lhkh Hkzw.kksa dks ¼mi liz½ fudvrk ls izkir gksrh gs] blds lkfk gh ml xhkz dk vkurfjd vkoj.k fujurj gydk LiUnu djrk jgrk gs ¼Å.kZeznk½ Å.kZeznk br;w.kze`}hr;sosrnkg& dk k ] lk/oh nsosh; br;sosrnkg ;nkgks.kzeznla Rosfr& k À og Hkwfe mu Hkzw.kksa dks,slk vkpnknu iznku djrh gs] tks Åu ds leku dksey] fpduk o vkjkenk;d gksa og ml fno; Hkzw.k dks lc vksj ls xhkz ds leku lq[kn Li kz;qdr?kj iznku djrh gsa ¼;qofr%½ ml xhkz:i i`ffkoh esa ukuk thouh; jlksa ds fej.k&vfej.k dh fø;k,a fujurj pyrh jgrh gsa ¼nf{k.kkor%½ og i`ffkoh mu Hkzw.kksa dks rc rd iks k.k iznku djrh jgrh gs] tc rd os viuk ikyu o j{k.k djus esa iw.kz n{k vfkkzr~ l{ke u gks tk;sa ¼, kk½ ;g Hkwfe ¼Rok½ rqe tho dks ¼fu_Zrs%&miLFkkr~½ fu_zfrfuzje.kkr~ _PNrs% PNªkifÙkfjrjk& fu#- 2-8À iw.kz :i ls fujurj lkuun je.k djrh gs],sls lqjf{kr o (7)

8 mùke LFkkuksa esa ¼ikrq½ mu Hkzw.kksa ok thoksa dk ikyu djrh gsa blds lkfk gh tgk Dys k igqap ldrk gs],sls vlqjf{kr LFkkuksa ls ml Hkwfe ds xhkz:i vkoj.k ml tho ok Hkzw.k dh j{kk djrs gsaa mpn~o ~plo i`ffkoh ek fu ck/kfkk% lwik;ukles Hko lwio ~puka ekrk iq=a ;Fkk flpkh;sua Hkwe Å.kqfgZAA esjk vkf/khkksfrd Hkk ; & ¼i`fFkfo½ og xhkz:i iwokszdr i`ffkoh ¼mPN~o ~plo½ mr V:is.k Å/oZ fn kk esa LifUnr gksrh gqbz fdaok mqurh gqbz gksrh gsa ¼ek ck/kfkk%½ ml Hkwfe dk vkoj.k,slk gksrk gs] tks mlds vunj iy jgs Hkzw.k ok tho dks izkir gks jgs thouh; jlksa dks ugha jksdrk gs vfkkzr~ os jl fjl&2 dj ml tho dks izkir gksrs jgrs gsa ¼vLeS½ og bl thou ds fy, ¼lwik;uk&Hko½ og Hkwfe mls iks kd o lao/kzd thouh; rroksa dk migkj HksaV djrh gs ¼lwio ~puk½ mio ~pue~ ¾ nqcduk& vkivsà og Hkwfe vkoj.k mu Hkzw.kksa ok thoksa dks vpnh izdkj fnikdj vkj; iznku djrk gs ¼ekrk ;Fkk½ ftl izdkj ekrk viuh lurku dks xksn ok xhkz esa <d dj lqj{kk iznku djrh gs] mlh izdkj ¼fu&flpk Hkwes%½ fu$flp~ ¾ Åij Mky nsuk] xhkz;qdr djuk& vkivsà Hkwfe ds os Hkkx mu thoksa dks vius xhkz esa ysdj muds Åij ukuk vkoj.kksa ds }kjk ¼,ua½ mu thoksa dks ¼vfHk Å.kZqfg½ lc vksj ls vkpnkfnr dj ysrs gsaa mpn~o ~pekuk i`ffkoh lq fr Brq lglza fer mi fg J;Urke~A rs x`gklks?k`r pqrks HkoUrq fo okgkles kj.kk% luro=aa esjk vkf/khkksfrd Hkk ; & ¼mPN~o ~pekuk½ iwokszdr mquh,oa e`nq LiUnu djrh gqbz lh dksey ¼i`fFkoh½ Hkwfe ¼lq fr Brq½ mu Hkzw.kksa ok thoksa dh (8)

9 vkpnkfndk gksdj lqn`<+rk ls lqj{kkiwozd flfkr gksdj mu thoksa dks Hkh LFkS;Z iznku djrh gs ¼lglze~ fer%½ ml Hkwfe ds i`fkd~&2 LFkkuksa esa vusd la[;k esa ¼mi fg J;Urke~½ tho fudvrk ls vkj; ikrs gsa fdaok mu xhkz:i LFkkuksa esa cm+h la[;k esa fer% ¾ feuksfrxfrdekz& fu?ka- 2-14À fofhkuu lw{e v.kqvksa dk izokg cuk jgrk gs ¼rs x`gkl%½ Hkwfe ds os LFkku mu thoksa ds fy,?kj ds leku gksrs gsa x`gke~ ¾ x`gk% dlekn~ x`g~.kkrhfr lrke~& fu#- 3-13À vksj?kj ds leku os Hkwdks B mu thoksa dks,sls gh idm+s ok /kkj.k fd, jgrs gsa] tsls ekrk viuh lurku dks xhkz esa /kkj.k fd, jgrh gs ¼/k`r pqrks HkoUrq½ os Hkwdks B,sls gksrs gsa fd muesa?kh ds leku fpdus jl lnso fjlrs jgrs gsa ¼vLeS½ os mu thoksa ds fy, ¼fo okgk½ fo okgk ¾ lokzf.k fnukfu& e-n-;-hkk- 7-10À loznk vfkkzr~ iw.kz ;qokolfkk rd ¼ kj.kk% lurq v=½ bl volfkk esas os tho mu dks Bksa esa vkj; ikrs gsaa bu ea=ksa esa Hkwfe ds vunj ;qokolfkk rd dsls euq ; lfgr lhkh tjk;qt izk.kh fodflr gksrs gsa] bldk lqunj fp=.k fd;k x;k gsa ftl Ádkj vehck vkfn,d dks kh; Ák.kh dh dksf kdk dk fuekz.k jklk;fud o tsfod fø;kvksa ls gksrk gs] mlh Ádkj cgqdks kh; tjk;qtksa rfkk v.mtksa ds Hkh kqø rfkk jt dk fuekz.k bl mquh gqbz dksey rfkk lhkh vko ;d inkfkz] tks Hkh ekrk ds xhkz esa gksrs gsa] ls ifjiw.kz i`ffkoh ds /kjkry dh ijrksa esa gks tkrk gsa vc ge fopkjsa fd Hkzw.k ds iks k.k ds fy, ekrk ds xhkz dh vko ;drk D;ksa gksrh gs\ bl dkj.k] rkfd Hkzw.k dks vko ;d o`f) gsrq iks kd inkfkz ÁkIr gks ldsa] Hkzw.k dks lqjf{kr dksey] fpduk vkoj.k rfkk vko ;d rki fey ldsa ;fn bu ifjflfkfr;ksa dks ekrk ds xhkz ls vu;= dgha mriuu dj fn;k tk;s] rks Hkzw.k dk fodkl ogha gks tk;sxk] ftl Ádkj vkt ij[kuyh ls cpps isnk fd;s x;s gsaa gk ],d ckr egro dh gs fd ml le; euq ; ok dksbz Hkh tjk;qt ;qokolfkk esa Hkwfe ls mn~fhktksa dh Hkkafr mriuu gksrk gsa Hkxon~ n;kuun th egkjkt dk ;g dfku lozfkk mfpr gs fd ;fn f k kq mriuu gks] rks ikyu dksu djs vksj ;fn o`) isnk gksrs] rc muls oa k dsls pyrk\ ¼ns[ksa& lr;kfkz Ádk k] v Ve leqyykl½ mifu krdkj _f k bls vksj folrkj nsrk gs& rlekpp nsok cgq/kk laálwrk% lk/;k euq ;k% aa eq.md mi vfkkzr~ ml ijekrek ls vusd fo}ku~ flf) ÁkIr tu rfkk lk/kkj.k fo}ku~ tu isnk gq,a (9)

10 vk;z fo}ku~ vkpk;z os ukfk th kkl=h us ^^osfnd ;qx vksj vkfnekuo** esa ckslvu uxj ¼vesfjdk½ ds flefk lhfu;u balvhv~;wv ds tho fokku ds fohkkxk/;{k MkDVj DykdZ dks mn~/k`r djrs gsa& Man appeared able to think walk and defend himself. vfkkzr~ euq ; l`f V ds vkfn dky esa lkspus] pyus rfkk Lo;a dh j{kk djus esa lefkz mriuu gksrk gsa ;gk dksbz ;g Á u djs fd i`ffkoh :ih xhkz esa ipphl o kz rd ;qok dsls iyrk vksj c<+rk jgk\ rks bl ij xehkhjrk ls fopkjsa] rks dksbz vkifùk Árhr ugha gksrh D;ksafd ftl Ádkj vkt Hkh,d ckyd] tks yxhkx 9 ekl ekrk ds xhkz esa jgrk gsa Álo ds iwoz u okal ysrk gs] u jksrk gs] u galrk gs] u gkfk&isj Qsadrk gs] u [kkrk] ihrk] ey&ew=kfn folftzr djrk gs] mlesa Álo ds rqjur ckn lhkh fø;k;sa rqjur ÁkjEHk gks tkrh gsa rc ;g D;k vn~hkqr ckr ugha gs] vk p;ztud ugha gs\ ;fn fdlh O;fDr dks bl lcls nwj j[kk tk;s vksj bl Álo ÁfØ;k ls furkur vufhkk gksos] rc og bl Álo ÁfØ;k dks lehko ugha ekusxka ;fn mlus v.mtksa dh gh mrifùk ns[kh gks] rks og tjk;qtksa dh Álo ÁfØ;k dks v.mtksa ls fhkuu ekuus dks rs;kj ugha gksxka blfy, ;qokolfkk esa Ákf.k;ksa dh mrifùk vlehko ugha gs] gk ] vn~hkqr vo ; gsa fqj bruh l`f V ÁfØ;k dh tfvyrk] Øec)rk] oskkfudrk D;k vn~hkqr ugha gs\ rc ;qokolfkk esa Ák.kh mrifùk dgk fofp= jg tkrh gs\ ;g Hkh tkuuk vko ;d gs fd ftl Ádkj jklk;fud vfhkfø;kvksa ls Hkwfe :ih ekrk ds vunj Ákf.k;ksa dh mrifùk gksdj lhkh tqjk;qt] v.mt rfkk Losnt,d gh Ádkj ls Hkwfe dh ijrksa esa mn~fhktksa dh HkkWafr ;qokolfkk esa isnk gq,] mlh Ádkj jklk;fud vfhkfø;kvksa ls fofhkuu oulifr;ksa ds cht Hkwfe dh ijrksa esa cudj rfkk vko ;d iks kd inkfkz i`ffkoh ij gh fey tkus ls ;=&r= iks/ks] oulifr ok fo kkydk; o`{k iwoz esa gh mriuu gks x;s FksA ftl Ádkj dksbz Ák.kh mriuu gksrk gs] mldk Hkkstu mls rrdky Hkwfe ij rs;kj feyrk gsa euq ;ksa ds vusdksa uj&ukjh tksm+s ;qokolfkk esa Hkwfe ij ÁdV gq,] ml le; mls i`ffkoh Qy] Qwy o vuu vkfn ls ifjiw.kz feyh vksj os Hkwfe ls fudy dj rrdky gh Qykfn mlh Ádkj [kkus dks Áo`Ùk gq,] ftl Ádkj vkt ckyd ¼euq ; ok xk; vkfn Ik kq dk½ isnk gksrs gh ekrk dk nqx/kiku djus yxrk gsa blesa dgha dksbz lunsg ok kadk dks vodk k ugha gsa (10)

11 ;g esaus la{ksi esa euq ; dh mrifùk ds fo k; esa fy[kka eq>s cm+k vk p;z gs fd pkylz MkfoZu ds i pkr~ muds iq=ksa lfgr vusdkas ;wjksfi;u oskkfudksa us Hkh bl fef;k fodklokn dk [k.mu fd;k ijurq ik pkr; ds nkl cus dffkr izcq)ksa ds eflr d esa vhkh pkylz MkfoZu dk Hkwr csbk gqvk gsa vc esa la{ksi esa ia- j?kquunu kekz }kjk fyf[kr iqlrd ^osfnd leifùk* ls dqn oskkfudksa ds fopkjksa dks Hkh mn~/k`r djuk pkgrk gw & lj vksfyoj ykwt fy[krs gsa& We are in the process of evolution; we have arrived in this planet by evolution. That is all right. What is evolution? Unfolding development-unfolding as a bud unfolds into a flower, as an acron into an oak. Every thing is subject to a process of growth, of development, of unfolding. vfkkzr~ ge yksx fodkl ds gh izcu/kk/khu gsaa ge yksx fodkl }kjk gh bl i`ffkoh xzg ij igqaps gsaa ;g lc lr; gs] fdurq fodkl D;k gs\ fodkl vckf/kr muufr gsa vckf/kr vfkkzr~ dyh ls Qwy gks tkus dk fu;e&cht ls o`{k gks tkus dk ekxza izr;sd inkfkz dyh ls Qwy dh Hkkafr vckf/kr muufr dk gh Qy gsa (Science and Religion, p.16.) (os- leifùk i`- 150) There is manifest progress in the succession of being on the surface of the earth. This progress consists in an increasing similarity of the living fauna, and among the vertebrates especially, in their increasing resemblance to man. But this connection is not the consequence of a direct linkage between the fauna of different ages. There is nothing like parental descent connecting them. The fishes of the Palaeozoik age are in no respect the ancestors of the reptiles of the secondary age, nor does man descend from the mammals which preceded him in the Tertiary age. The link by which they are connected is of a higher and immaterial nature and Himself, whose aim in forming the earth, in allowing it to undergo (11)

12 successively all the different types of animals which have passed away, was to introduce man upon the surface of our globe. Man is the end towards which all the animal-creation has tended from the first appearance of the Palaeozoic fishes. vfkkzr~ i`ffkoh ij mriuu gksus okys] fcuk gm~mh ds turqvksa vksj euq ;kfn gm~mhnkj izkf.k;ksa esa,d leku gh muufr ns[kh tkrh gs] ijurq bl lekurk dk ;g rkri;z ugha gs fd,d izdkj ds izk.kh nwljs izdkj ds izkf.k;ksa ls gh fodflr gq, gksaa vkfne dkyhu erl; gh] liz.k khy izkf.k;ksa ds iwozt ugha gsa vksj u euq ; gh vu; Lru/kkfj;ksa ls fodflr gqvk gsa izkf.k;ksa dh J`a[kyk fdlh vhkksfrd rro ls lecu/k j[krh gs] ftlus i`ffkoh ij vusd izdkj ds izkf.k;ksa dh l`f V djds vur esa euq ; dh jpuk dh gsa - Principles of Zoology, Pg by Agassiz (os- leifùk i` ) How did living creatures begin to be upon the earth? In point of science, we do not know. vfkkzr~ fokku ds }kjk ge ugha tkurs fd i`ffkoh ij tho/kkjh izkf.k;ksa dh l`f V dsls gqbza -Introduction to Science, Pg. 142 by J.A. Thomson (os- leifùk i`-152) The question is : what was the manner of their being upon the previously tenantless Earth? Our answer must be that we do not know. vfkkzr~ bl mtkm+ i`ffkoh ij izk.kh dsls mriuu gq,\ bl iz u dk ge ;gh mùkj nsrs gsa fd ge yksx ugha tkursa -Evolution, Pg. 70 by Prof. Patrick Geddes (os- leifùk i`-152) uoecj lu~ 1922 ds New Age uked i= esa Jones Bowson dgrs gsa fd ^fczfv k E;wft;e ¼vtk;c?kj½ dk v/;{k MkW-,sfFkzt dgrs gsa fd bl fczfv k E;wft;e esa,d d.k Hkh,slk ugha gs] tks ;g fl) dj lds fd tkfr;ksa (Species) esa ifjorzu gqvk gsa fodkl fo k;d nl esa uks ckrsa O;FkZ vksj fullkj gsaa buds ijh{k.kksa dk vk/kkj lr;rk vksj fujh{k.k ij fcydqy voyfecr ugha gsa lalkj Hkj esa dksbz Hkh lkeku,slk ugha gs] tks fodkl dh lgk;rk djrk gksa* (os- leifùk i`-170) (12)

13 izfke fo o;q) ds le; ^føf p;u gsjym* esa ;g lekpkj Nik Fkk fd fczfv k lkbal lkslk;vh dk vf/kos ku esycksuz ¼vkLVªsfy;k½ esa gqvka izksqslj fofy;e osvlu blds lhkkifr FksA mugksaus vius Hkk k.k esa dgk fd ^Mkjfou dk fodklokn fcydqy vlr; vksj fokku ds fo#) gsa* izks- izsfvªdxsfml dgrs gsa fd For it must be admitted that the factors of the evolution of man partake largely of the nature of the may-be s which has no permanent position in Science. vfkkzr~ ;g ;q) bl ckr dk izek.k gs fd euq ; tslk igys Fkk oslk gh vc Hkh gsa -Ideals of Science and Faith. (os- leifùk i`-212) lj ts- MCY;w Mklu dgrs gsa fd ^fokku dks cunj vksj euq ; ds chp dh vk fr dk dqn Hkh irk ugha gsa euq ; dh izkphure vflfk;k Hkh orzeku euq ; tslh gh gsaa buls ml fodkl dk dqn irk ugha yxrk] tks bl euq ;& kjhj ds igys gqvk FkkA* (os- leifùk i`-170) flmuh dkwysv dgrs gsa fd ^lkbal dh Li V lk{kh gs fd euq ; vour n kk ls muur n kk dh vksj pyus ds LFkku esa myvk voufr dh vksj tk jgk gsa euq ; dh vkjfehkd n kk mùke FkhA* (os- leifùk i`-171) vkpk;z os ukfk kkl=h }kjk fyf[kr ^^osfnd ;qx vksj vkfn ekuo** iqlrd i`- 11 ls mn~/k`r& Now a days unhappily Jelly fish produces nothing but Jelly fish. But had that gelatinous morsel been fated to live. say a million of centuries earlier it might have been the proginitor of the race from which Homer and Plato, Devid and paul, Shakespear and our eminent professor have in their order been evolved. (Conder s Natural Selection and Natural Theology) If it could be shown that the thrush was hatched from the lizard. (Conder s same book) ÝSap nk kzfud Henri Bergson dks Anti Darwin theory nsus ds fy, ukscsy iqjldkj feyka fqj Hkh gekjs izcq)ksa dks dqn le> ugha vk;ka usv ij vusdksa vu; fons kh oskkfudksa dks Neo Darwinism vkfn MkfoZu fojks/kh F;ksfjt~ dh ppkz djrs lq/kh ikbd ns[k ldrs gsaa b/kj Hkkjrh; oskkfudksa dh ppkz ds izlax esa vk;z fo}ku~ Lokeh fo kuun ljlorh }kjk (13)

14 jfpr ^^lr;kfkz HkkLdj** xzufk ¼i`- 877½ dks mn~/k`r djuk ;gk izklafxd gs& oulifr kkl= ds vurjkz Vªh; [;kfrizkir fo}ku~ Mk- chjcy lkguh ls iwnk x;k& ^^vki dgrs gsa fd vkjehk esa,d lsy ds thfor izk.kh Fks] muls muufr djds cm+s&2 izk.kh cu x;sa vki ;g Hkh dgrs gsa fd vkjehk esa cgqr FkksM+k Kku Fkk] /khjs&2 muufr gksrs gq, Kku ml volfkk dks igqap x;k] ftldks fokku vkt igqapk gqvk gsa** rc vki ;g rks crkb;s fd& Wherefrom did life come in the very beginning and wherefrom did knowledge come in the very beginning? vfkkzr~ ^^izkjehk esa thou dgk ls vk;k vksj izkjehk esa Kku dgk ls vk;k\ D;ksafd thou kwu; ls mriuu gks x;k] ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrka** Mk- lkguh us mùkj esa dgk] ^^blds lkfk gekjk dksbz lecu/k ugha fd vkjehk esa thou ;k Kku dgk ls vk;ka** ge bl ckr dks Lohdkj djds pyrs gsa fd vkjehk esa dqn thou Hkh Fkk vksj dqn Kku Hkh Fkk& With this we are not concerned as to where from life came in the very beginning or wherefrom knowledge came in the very beginning. We are to take it for granted that there was some life in the beginning of the world and there was knowledge also in the beginning of the world and by slow progress it increased. blls Hkh fodklokn dh nqczyrk izdv gks tkrh gsa vur esa esa Hkkjr gh ugha] vfirq fo o Hkj ds izcq) ekuoksa o oskkfudksa ls fuosnu djuk pkgawxk fd os vius bfrgkl ij xoz djuk lh[ksaa vki lhkh ;g rks ekurs o tkurs gh gsa fd osn lalkj esa lcls izkphu xzufk gsa ge ;g Hkh fl) djus dh {kerk j[krs gsa fd osn bz ojh; Kku gs rfkk osn ea=:ih /ofu rjaxksa ls gh l`f V dh mrifùk gqbz gs vfkkzr~ ftu /ofu rjaxksa ls czãk.m dh mrifùk gqbz] os /ofu;ka osn ea= gh Fks,oa orzeku esa os gh rjaxsa loz= fo eku gsaa ;g esjh Vaidic Rashmi theory of Univerce gs] tks bl czãk.m dks orzeku HkkSfrdh dh vis{kk cgqr vkxs rd le>k ldrh gsa bl F;ksjh ds izdkf kr gksus ls iwoz esa bl ij dqn fy[k ugha ldrka esaus _Xosn ds ea=ksa }kjk Hkh euq ; dh mrifùk dh ppkz bl ys[k esa dh gsa osn rfkk _f k;ksa ds er esa euq ; dh izfke ih<+h lokzf/kd cqf)erh] (14)

15 kkjhfjd o ekufld cy rfkk lroxq.k leiuu FkhA mlds i pkr~ muesa U;wurk gh vk;h] u fd fodkl gqvka ge lalkj Hkj ds lhkh ekuo mugha egku~ iwoztksa ds oa kt gsaa osn ge lcdk gs] _f k ge lcds iwozt gsaa osn o _f k;ksa ds xzufkksa ij ekuoek= gh ugha] vfirq czãk.m ds lhkh cqf)eku~ izkf.k;ksa dk lk>k vf/kdkj gsa vk;sa] ge lhkh bl lk>h fojklr dks viuk;sa] v/;;u o vuqla/kku djsa vksj xoz ls Lo;a dks i`ffkoh ds lcls cqf)eku~ euq ;ksa dk oa kt dgsaa esaus dsoy tso fodklokn ij gh ppkz dh gs] Kku o Hkk kk ds dffkr Øfed fodkl dh lekykspuk i`fkd~ ys[k ok iqlrd esa dh tk ldrh gsa tso fodklokn ij Hkh laf{kir ppkz dh gs vu;fkk ;g ys[k,d iqflrdk dk :i ys ysrka fok ikbd Kku o Hkk kk ds fodkl ds lkfk&2 leiw.kz czãk.m esa vn~hkqr fokku dks le>us gsrq ^^osnfokku vkyksd%** uked esjs fo kky xzufk] tks dqy 2800 i` Bksa dk pkj Hkkx esa Ni jgk gs] dh izrh{kk djsaa gka] pyrs&2,d ckr ;g Hkh fy[kuk mfpr le>rk gw fd ;fn dksbz izcq) ;g dgs fd tc lw{e jf e;ka fodkl ;k=k djrs gq, ukuk d.k] QksVksu,oa ukuk yksdksa dks mriuu dj ldrh gsa vfkok muds :i esa izdv gks ldrh gsa] rc vehck ls euq ; kjhj rd ds fodkl dks D;ksa fef;k crk;k tkrk gs\ bl fo k; esa gekjk fuosnu gs fd tm+ txr~ ds fuekz.k ok fodkl esa jf e;ka d.k ok QksVksu izk;% vius Lo:i dks Hkh cuk;s j[krs gsa] ijurq dksbz fodkloknh ;g ugha ekusxk fd fofhkuu izkf.k;ksa ds kjhjksa esa vehck vius Lo:i esa voflfkr jgrk gsa bl dkj.k ;g rqyuk djuk mfpr ugha gsa esjs fe=ks! tjk fopkjsa fd tks O;fDr ok lekt Lo;a dks i kqvksa dk oa kt dgs] mlesa vkre&lokfhkeku dgk jgsxk\ bl fo k; esa y[kuå fo ofo ky; esa fn,,d O;k[;ku esa uklk ds oskkfud vksj Hkkjrh; iz/kkuea=h ds iwoz oskkfud lykgdkj izks- vks-ih- ik.ms; us MkfoZu ds fodklokn dks [kkfjt djrs gq, mfpr gh dgk gs fd ^ns k Hkj ds cppksa dks xyr fl)kur i<+k;k tk jgk gs] ftlls mu ij cqjk izhkko im+ jgk gsa* ¼uoHkkjr VkbEl &2 Qjojh 2018½ vkb;s] bl nhu&ghurk ds xrz ls fudkydj esa vkidks lokszpp f k[kj ij ys tkuk pkgrk gw A vk;sa] ge lc,d bz oj ds iq=&iq=h gsa,oa ;g i`ffkoh gh gekjh vkfn tuenk=h eka gs] bl dkj.k ;g leiw.kz fo o,d gh ifjokj gsa bl ifjokj dks lq[k] kfdr o vkuun dh vksj ys tkus dk ge lc ekuoksa dk nkf;ro gsa gesa fokku dks [kqys o mnkj eflr"d ls gh i<+us dk iz;kl djuk pkfg,a gesa iwokzxzgksa ls cpdj lr;&vlr; dk foosd djus gsrq lrr iz;ru djrs jguk pkfg,a (15)

16 Contact us: VAIDIC AND MODERN PHYSICS RESEARCH CENTRE Ved Vijnyan Mandir, Bhagal Bheem, Bhinmal Dist.: Jalore (Rajasthan), India Ph.: , Mo.: , /groups/vaidicscience /AgnivratNaishthik naishthik swamiagnivrat (16)