izkn'kz iz'u i= 2013&14

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1 le;& 3?kaVs izkn'kz iz'u i= 2013&14 fo"k; & lekt 'kkl= (Sociology) d{kk & ckjgoha lsv&, iw.kkzad& 100 Time- 3 Hours Maximum Mark 100 funsz'k& i. lhkh iz'u vfuok;z gsa ii. iz'u i= esa fn;s x;s funsz'k lko/kkuh iwozd i<+dj mrrj fyf[k,a iii. iz'u 1 ls 5 rd olrqfu"b iz'u gs ftuds vurxzr fjdr LFkkuksa dh iwfrz] lr;@vlr;] lgh tksm+h cukuk],d okd; esa mrrj rfkk lgh fodyi dk p;u djuk gsa izr;sd iz'u 5 vad dk gsa 1x5= 5x5 = 25 vad iv. iz'u Øekad 6 ls 24 rd esa vkurfjd fodyi fn;s x;s gsa v. iz'u Øekad 6 ls 10 rd izr;sd iz'u ds fy, 2 vad,oa iz'uksa ds mrrj yxhkx 30 'kcnksa esa fy[kuk gsa vi. iz'u Øekad 11 ls 17 rd izr;sd iz'u ds fy;s 4 vad,oa iz'uksa ds mrrkj yxhkx 75 'kcnksa esa fy[kuk gsa vii. iz'u Øekad 18 ls 22 rd izr;sd iz'u ds fy, 5 vad,oa iz'uksa ds mrrj yxhkx 120 'kcnksa esa fy[kuk gsa viii. iz'u Øekad 23 rfkk 24 esa izr;sd iz'u ij 6 vad,oa iz'uksa ds mrrj yxhkx 150 'kcnksa esa fy[kuk gsa Instructions i. All question are compulsory. ii. Please read the instructions carefully before writing the answer. iii. Q. No. 1 to 5 are objective type which contain fill up the Blank, True/False, match the colomn, one sentence answer and choose the correct answers. Each question is allotted 5 marks. 1x1 = 5x5 =25 Marks. iv. Internal options are given in Q. No. 6 to 24. v. Q. No. 6 to 10 carry 2 marks each and answer should be given in about 30 words. vi. Q. No. 11 to 17 carry 4 marks each and answer should be given in about 75 words. vii. Q. No. 18 to 22 carry 5 marks each and answer should be given in about 120 words. viii. Q. No. 23 and 24 carry 6 marks each and answer should be given in about 150 words. 1

2 iz'u 1- fjdr LFkkuksa dh iwfrz dhft,a 1- Hkkjr ds iwjc esa fgunwvksa dk rhfkz LFkku flfkr gsa 2- Hkkjr esa lcls /kuh vcknh okyk {ks= dk esnku gsa 3- Hkkjr esa igyh jk"vªh; tula[;k uhfr lu esa?kksf"kr dh xbza 4- Hkkjr esa ekpz 2007 rd iapo"khz; ;kstuk,a iwjh gks pqdh gsa 5- e/;dky esa gksus okys lekt lq/kkj dks vkanksyu dgk tkrk gsa Fill in the blanks. (i) The Hindu pligrimages...is situated in the east at India. (ii) The most densety populated area is...plain. (iii) The first National population plane is declared in the year... (iv) The...five years plance complete in March 2007 in India. (v) The social reform in middle Era is called...movement. iz'u 2- lgh fodyi pqudj fyf[k, & ¼v½ fueukafdr esa ls Hkkjr ds fdl jkt; esa vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa dh tula[;k dk izfr'kr lcls vf/kd gs & ¼i½ e/;izns'k ¼ii½ NRrhlx<+ ¼iii½ ukxkys.m ¼iv½ fcgkj ¼c½ Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk vu; finm+s oxksz ds fy, 27 izfr'kr vkj{k.k nsus dh uhfr dks fdl o"kz ls ykxw fd;k x;k\ ¼i½ lu 1991 ¼ii½ lu 1992 ¼iii½ lu 1993 ¼iv½ lu 1994 ¼l½ vyi la[;d oxksza esa fueukafdr esa ls fdls Hkkjr esa lcls igys jk"vªifr dk in izkir gqvka ¼i½ MkW- tkfdj gqlsu ¼ii½ Kkuh tsy flag ¼iii½ Q[k:n~nhu vyh vgen ¼iv½ MkW-,-ih-th- vcnqy dyke ¼n½ Hkkjr esa tkfr rfkk oxz iqlrd ds ys[kd dk uke gs & 2

3 ¼i½ th-,l- /kqj;s ¼ii½ ds-,e- dkifm+;k ¼iii½ MkW- Hkxoku nkl ¼iv½ Mh-ih- eqdthz ¼b½ fueukafdr esa ls lks'ky,.m dypjy eksfcfyvh iqlrd ds ys[kd dk uke gs & ¼i½,-,e- 'kkg ¼ii½ lkajksfdu ¼iii½ Vh-,u- enu ¼iv½ vkunzs fcrsbza Select and write the correct answer. (a) In which of the following state in India the population persent of tribes more - (i) Madhya Pradesh (ii) Chattisgharh (iii) Nagaland (iv) Bihar (b) From which year the 27% reservation applied for other Backward class in India - (i) Year 1991 (ii) Year 1992 (iii) Year 1993 (iv) Year 1994 (c) Which of the following minority class in India found the past (disgnation) of president first - (i) Dr. Zaki Hussain (ii) Gyani Jail Singh (iii) Fakharuddin Ali Ahamed (iv) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (d) The name at the Auhar at the book "caste and class in India". (i) G.S. Ghurye (ii) K.M. Kapadiya (iii) Dr. Bhagwan Das (iv) D.P. Mukarjee (e) In the following the Nameati Authar of the book cultural mobility - (i) A.M. Shah (ii) Sorokin (iii) T.N. Madan (iv) Andre Bitei iz'u 3- fueufyf[kr dk lr; ;k vlr; crkb;sa 1- Hkkjrh; lekt ea vk/kqfudhdj.k dh izfø;k dsoy uxjksa rd lhfer gsa 2- uxjh;rk thou dh,d fo'ks"k fof/k gsa 3

4 3- if'pehdj.k,d rvlfk izfø;k gsa 4- lald`frdj.k dk laca/k Hkkjrh; lekt dh lkekftd lajpuk ds ifjorzuksa dks Li"V djus ls gsa 5- uo e/;e oxz dk mn; vks ksxhdj.k rfkk vk/kqfudhdj.k dk ifj.kke gsa Answer the following in true or false. (i) The process of modernization is limited only Urban areas in Indian Society. (ii) Urbanism is a special method of life. (iii) Westernization is a stable process. (iv) The relation of Sanskritization is to explain the changes of social structure. (v) Rise of new middle class is the result of Indus trialization and Modernization. iz'u 4- izr;sd dk,d okd; esa mrrj nhft,a 1- xkaoksa esa ftu yksxksa us Hkwfe ds cm+s fglls ij u;h izks ksfxdh ds }kjk [ksrh djuk vkjahk dh mugsa d`"kdksa ds fdl oxz ds uke ls lecksf/kr fd;k tkrk gs\ 2- Hkkjr esa fdl iz/kkuea=h us ;gka mnkjhdj.k dh izfø;k dks vkjahk fd;k\ 3- fczfv'k 'kklu ds nksjku tehankjh O;oLFkk dk vkjahk fdlds }kjk fd;k x;k\ 4- vkt ljdkj }kjk lekt ds fdl oxz dks f'k{kk dh lcls vf/kd lqfo/kk,a nh tk jgh gs\ 5- fdlh lekt esa tc yksxksa ds fopkjksa] lkald`frd ewy;ksa] fo'oklksa vksj izks ksfxdh esa ifjorzu gksrk gs rc,sls ifjorzu dks ge fdl uke ls lecksf/kr djrs gs\ Write the Answer in one sentence each. 4

5 1. The people who started farming on the large part of land through new technology by which name these changes are known? 2. Which priminister started the process of liberalization in India? 3. Who started the JAMIDARI system during British Government. 4. Which class of society is getting more facilities of Education by the government at present. 5. When there is a change in thoughts of people cultural values beliefs technology in any society then by which name these changes are known? iz'u 5- LraHk ^v* ds fy, LraHk ^c* ls pqudj lgh tksm+h cukb;s & v & c ¼v½ bjkorh dosz & lkekftd Je fohkktu ¼c½ eqflye fookg & vf/keku; fookg ¼l½ vuqykse & lkekftd le>ksrk ¼n½ la;qdr ifjokj & Hkkjr esa ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk ¼b½ tutkrh; fookg & iruh dh rqyuk esa ifr dh mpp lkekftd ifjflfkfr Make the correct pair for column 'A' choosing from column 'B' A - B (a) Iravati Karve - Social labour division (b) Muslim Marriage - Preferred Marriage (c) Morgantically - Social Compromise (d) Joint Family - Kinship system in India (e) Tribal Marriage - Husband's High Social Status to comparison with wife. iz'u 6- HkkSxksfyd n'kkvksa ds vk/kkj ij Hkkjr ds pkj eq[; Hkkxksa ds uke fyf[k,a 5

6 Write main four parts of India on the bases of Geografical Conditions. vk;z lekt dh LFkkiuk fdlus dh\ Who Established the "ARYA SAMAJ". iz'u 7- tkfr dh dksbz,d ifjhkk"kk fyf[k,a Write any one defination of caste. tutkfr dh dksbz,d ifjhkk"kk fyf[k,a Write any one defination of Tribes. iz'u 8- mikxe dk vfkz fyf[k,a Write the meaning of approach. Hkkjrh; lekt ds v/;;u ds fy, fdu pkj mikxeksa dks egroiw.kz ekuk tkrk gs\ Which are the four important approaches to the study of Indian Society. iz'u 9- f'k{kk dk D;k vfkz gs\ What is the meaning of Education. tu lapkj ds vfkz dks Li"V dhft,a Explain the meaning of Mass media. iz'u 10- Hkkjr esa jked`".k fe'ku dh LFkkiuk fdlus dh\ 6

7 Who Established the Ram Krishna Missiion. ;g fu"d"kz fdlus fn;k fd vijk/kh tuetkr gksrs gs\ Who gave this conelusion that the criminals. iz'u 11- ltkrh; dk D;k vfkz gs\ What is the meaning of Ethnicity. vk/kqfud Hkkjr esa,drk ds eq[; rro D;k Fks\ What were the main elements of unity in Modern India? iz'u 12- Hkkjr esa tula[;k o`f) ds dksbz pkj dkj.k fyf[k,a Write any four causes of population growth in India. tukafddh dk vfkz le>kb;sa Explain the meaning of demography. iz'u 13- Hkkjr esa uxjh; leqnk; dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a D;k gs\ What are the main characteristics of urban community in India? tkfr rfkk oxz esa varj fyf[k,a Write the difference between caste and class. iz'u 14- la;qdr ifjokj dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a D;k gs\ What are main characteristics of Joint Family. 7

8 fgunw fookg ds eq[; mn~ns'; D;k gs\ What are the main objectives of Hindu Marriage. iz'u 15- v"vkafxd ekxz D;k gs\ What is Ashtangik Marg? iap _.k ls vki D;k le>rs gs\ What do you mean by Panch Rin? iz'u 16- lald`frdj.k dh vo/kkj.kk,oa fo'ks"krkvksa dh foospuk dhft,a Discuss the concept and characteristics of Sanskritization. if'pehdj.k dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a D;k gs\ What are the main features of Westernization? iz'u 17- tulapkj ds lk/kuksa ls vki D;k le>rs gs\ tulapkj ds izeq[k lk/kuksa ij izdk'k Mkfy;sA What do you mean by the means of Mass media? Throw light on the main means of mass media. Hkkjr ea f'k{kk lel;kvksa dk myys[k dhft,a Describe the problems of Education in India. iz'u 18- tutkfr;ksa dh izeq[k fo'ks"krkvksa dk o.kzu dhft,a 8

9 Explain the main features of tribes. tkfr O;oLFkk dh fo'ks"krk,a fyf[k,a Write the characteristics of caste system. iz'u 19- cqfu;knh f'k{kk ls vki D;k le>rs gs\ What do you understand by Basic Education? f'k{kk ds eq[; mn~ns'; D;k gs\ What are the main aims of Education? iz'u 20- Hkkjr esa vyi la[;dksa dh dksbz ikap lel;k,a fyf[k,a Write any five problems of minorities in India. finm+s oxz ls vkidk D;k vfhkizk; gs\ What do you mean by Backward Class? iz'u 21- Hkkjrh; ukxfjd ds eksfyd vf/kdkj fyf[k,a Write the fundamental rights of Indian Citizen. lkekftd ifjorzu esa iapk;r jkt dh D;k Hkwfedk gs\ What is role of Panchayat Raj in social change? 9

10 iz'u 22- HkfDr vkanksyu ds mn~ns'; D;k gs\ What are the aims of Bhakti Movement? lekt esa fgalk ds dksbz ikap dkj.k fyf[k,a Write down any five causes of violence in Society. iz'u 23- Hkkjr esa jkt;ksa ds lkeus vkt eq[; pquksfr;ka D;k gs\ What are the main challenges before the states in India to day. jkt; ds izeq[k vk/kkj D;k gs\ What are main bases of state. iz'u 24- mnkjhdj.k dh pquksfr;ka fyf[k,,oa os'ohdj.k dk D;k vfkz gs\ Write the challenges of Liberalization and what is the meaning of Globalization uo e/;e oxz dh fo'ks"krk,a fyf[k,,oa vfhktu lewg dks la{ksi esa le>kb;sa Write the characteristics of New Middle Class. What do you mean by Elite groups. & & & & & & 10

11 vkn'kz mrrj fo"k; & lekt 'kkl= (Sociology) d{kk & ckjgoha olrqfu"b iz'uksa ds mrrj & mrrj 1- fjdr LFkku & 1- txuukfkiqjh 2- xaxk ;equk nl 5- HkfDr vkanksyua izr;sd lgh fy[kus ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 2- mrrj 3- lgh fodyi & 1- ukxkys.m MkW- tkfdj gqlsu 4- th-,l-?kqj;s 5- lkajksfdu lr;@vlr; & ¼i½ vlr; ¼ii½ lr; ¼iii½ lr; ¼iv½ vlr; ¼v½ lr; izr;sd lgh fy[kus ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa izr;sd lgh fy[kus ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa 11

12 mrrj 4-,d okd; esa mrrj & 1- iwathifr d`"kd oxza 2- ujflegk jkoa 3- ykmz dkuzokfyla 4- nqczy oxza 5- lkald`frd ifjorzua izr;sd lgh fy[kus ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 5- lgh tksfm;ka & v & c ¼v½ bjkorh dosz & Hkkjr esa ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk ¼c½ eqflye fookg & lkekftd le>ksrk ¼l½ vuqykse & iruh dh rqyuk esa ifr dh mpp lkekftd ifjflfkfr ¼n½ la;qdr ifjokj & lkekftd Je fohkktu ¼b½ tutkrh; fookg & vf/keku; fookg izr;sd lgh fy[kus ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 6-1- folr`r iozrh; izns'ka 2- xaxk ;equk o xksnkojh ds esnkua 3- jsfxlrkuh {ks= rfkk 4- nf{k.kh izk;}hi dk ibkja mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa 12

13 vk;z lekt dh LFkkiuk Lokeh n;kuun us dha mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 7- etwenkj rfkk enu & tkfr,d can oxz gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa Mh-,u- etwenkj& tutkfr ifjokjksa dk,d,slk lewg gs ftldk,d lkeku; uke gksrk gs ftlds lnl;,d fuf'pr {ks= esa fuokl djrs gs,d lkeku; Hkk"kk cksyrs gs rfkk fookg vksj O;oLFkk ds ckjs esa dqn [kkl fu;eksa dk ikyu djrs gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 8- mikxe v/;;u dk og rjhdk gs ftlds vk/kkj ij fdlh fo'ks"k lkekftd rf; dh foospuk dh tkrh gsa izr;sd mikxe dqn fo'ks"k eku;rkvksa ij vk/kkfjr gksrk gsa fofhkuu mikxeksa dh izd`fr,d nwljs ls blfy, fhkuu gksrh gs fd muls lacaf/kr vo/kkj.kk,a vksj v/;;u dh izfof/k;ka vyx&vyx gksrh gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa 1- Hkkjrh; fo k'kkl=h; mikxea 2- lkald`frd mikxea 3- lajpukred mikxea 4-,sfrgkfld mikxea 13

14 mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 9- f'k{kk fodkl dh,d,slh izfø;k gs ftlds }kjk euq"; cpiu ls ysdj izks<+kolfkk rd vusd rjhdksa ls vius HkkSfrd] lkekftd vksj usfrd i;kzoj.k ls vuqdwyu djuk lh[krk gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa tu lapkj og izfø;k gs ftlds }kjk,d ;k dqn fopkjksa dks vusd lk/kuksa ds }kjk fdlh cm+s leqnk; rd igqapk;k tkrk gsa blds vurxzr ge eqfnzr lapkj] fo qr lapkj] rfkk n`';&jo; lapkj dks lfeefyr djrs gsa lekpkj i= fofhkuu if=dk,a] VsyhQksu] QSDl] dei;wvj] Vsyhfotu] jsfm;ksa vksj pyfp= vkfn tulapkj ds izeq[k lk/ku gsa orzeku ;qx esa tu lapkj lkekftd vksj lkald`frd ifjorzu dk,d izeq[k vk/kkj gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 10- Hkkjr esa jked`".k fe'ku dh LFkkiuk foosdkuan us dha mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa yeczkslks us ;g fu"d"kz fn;k dh vijk/kh tuetkr gksrs gs\ mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 11- latkrh;rk dk vfkz & latkrh;rk,d,slh Hkkouk gs tks lald`fr] /kez] {ks=] Hkk"kk] os'khkw"kk thou 'ksyh ds vk/kkj ij fdlh fo'ks"k leqnk; dks viuh,d vyx igpku cuk;s j[kus dk izksrlkgu nsrh gsa latkrh;rk dk 14

15 laca/k mu iwokzxzgksa ls gs ftuds vk/kkj ij,d ls,d latkrh;rk lewg vius ls fhkuu latkrh; lewg ls i`fkdrk eglwl djus yxrk gs vksj dhkh dhkh nwljs dh rqyuk esa vius dks vf/kd Js"B ;k mpp fn[kkus dh dksf'k'k djrk gsa lekt 'kkl= esa bl n'kk dks latkrh;rk dh izo`frr dgk tkrk gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir i gksaxsa vk/kqfud Hkkjr esa,drk ds eq[; rro & 1- Hkkjrh; lafo/kku esa lekurk] Lora=rk vksj /kez fujis{krk dks vf/kd egro fn;ka 2- ljdkj }kjk lhkh {ks=ksa ds fodkl dks leku egro fn;k x;ka 3- iapk;rksa ls ysdj laln rd esa lhkh /keksza vksj tkfr;ksa ds yksxksa dk izfrfuf/kro gsa 4- iwjs ns'k esa lhkh ds fy;s leku dkuwuksa ds }kjk U;k; fn;k tkrk gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 12- Hkkjr esa tula[;k o`f) ds dkj.k & 1- vf'k{kka 2- fueu thou LrjA 3- cky fookg dh izfkka 4- la;qdr ifjokj O;oLFkkA 5- HkkX; esa fo'okla 6- tue vksj e`r;qnj dk vlarqyua 7- cgqifru fookg dk izpyua 8- xzkeh.k vfkzo;olfkka mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa 15

16 tukafddh 'kcn dk iz;ksx lcls igys lu 1855 esa xqbykmz us fd;ka 'kfcnd :i ls tukafddh og fokku gs tks tula[;k laca/kh fo'ks"krkvksa dks fooj.k ds :i esa Li"V djrk gsa xzscfud ds 'kcnksa esa & tukafddh mu rf;ksa dh v/;;u gs tks ekuo tula[;k ds fofhkuu i{kksa tsls tuenj] e`r;qnj] izoklh; fo'ks"krkvksa vksj mugsa izhkkfor djus okys dkjdksa dk v/;;u djrk gsa xqbykmz Z & tukafddh,d xf.krh; Kku gs tks tula[;k dh HkkSfrd] lkekftd] cksf)d vksj usfrd n'kkvksa ds v/;;u ls lacaf/kr gsa O;kid vfkksza esa ;g ekuo lekt dk izkd`frd vksj lkekftd bfrgkl gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 13- Hkkjr esa uxjh; leqnk; dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a & 1- tula[;k dh vf/kdrka 2- lkekftd fofhkuurka 3- fodflr izks ksfxdha 4- Je fohkktu vksj fo'ks"khdj.ka 5- O;kolkf;d fhkuurka mijksdrkuqlkj esa ls fdugha 4 dk folrkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa tkfr rfkk oxz esa varj & 1- tkfr dh lnl;rk tue ij vk/kkfjr gksrh gsa oxz dh lnl;rk O;fDr dh ;ksx;rk vksj leifrr ls lacaf/kr gksrh gsa 16

17 2- ijaijkxr :i ls izr;sd tkfr dk,d fuf'pr O;olk; gksrk gsa oxz O;oLFkk esa izr;sd O;fDr dksbz Hkh O;olk; dj ldrk gsa 3- tkfr dh lnl;rk esa ifjorzu ugha fd;k tk ldrka oxksza dh izd`fr [kqyh gqbz gksrh gsa 4- tkfr ds fu;eksa dk laca/k ijaijk ls gksrk gsa oxz ls lacaf/kr fu;e cnyrs jgrs gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 14- la;qdr ifjokj dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a & 1- cm+k vkdkj &,d la;qdr ifjokj esa rhu pkj ihf<+;ksa rd ds jdr lacaf/k;ksa vksj fookg ds }kjk blesa lfeefyr gksus okys lnl;ksa dk lekos'k gksrk gsa 2- lkeku; fuokl & la;qdr ifjokj ds lhkh lnl; R;kSgkjksa] mrloksa vksj iwjk ds volj ij,df=r gksdj drzo;ksa dks iwjk djrs gsa 3- lkeku; jlksbz & ftl ifjokj esa lhkh lnl;,d gh jlksbz esa cuk Hkkstu djrs gsa 4- la;qdr laifrr & dkuwuh vksj lkekftd rksj ij,d la;qdr ifjokj ds lnl;ksa ds chp laifrr dk dksbz cavokjk ugha gksrka mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa fgunq fookg ds izeq[k mn~ns'; & 1- /kkfezd drzo;ksa dh iwfrza 2- iq= tuea 3- jfra 17

18 4- x`glfk /kez dk ikyua 5- O;fDr ds thou dks laxfbr j[kuka mijksdr fdugh 4 fcunqvksa dk folrkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 15- v"vkafxd ekxz & 5- vk;z 'kfdr;ksa dk leqfpr KkuA 6- n`<+ fu'p;a 7- lp cksyuka 8- fgalk vksj nqjkpkj ls cpuka 9- bzekunkjh ls vkthfodk pykuka 10- vpns dkeksa ds fy;s yxkrkj iz;ru djuka 11- ykyp vksj larki ls cpuka 12- jkx vksj }s"k ls vius vkidks vyx j[kuka mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa iap _.k & iap _.k fganq /kez dk,d fl)kar gsa fgunq /kez O;fDrokn dks egro u nsdj lkewfgdrk dks egro nsrk gsa izr;sd ij iokap rjg ds _.k gksrs gs & 6- nso _.ka 7- _f"k _.ka 8- fir` _.ka 9- vfrffk _.ka 10- tho _.ka mijksdr fdugh 4 fcunqvksa dk folrkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa 18

19 mrrj 16- lkald`frdj.k dh vo/kkj.kk & lkald`frdj.k og izfø;k gs ftlds varxzr fueu tkfr;ka mpp tkfr;ksa dh lkald`frd fo'ks"krkvksa dks xzg.k djds tkfr lajpuk esa viuh izflfkfr dks mapk mbkus dk iz;ru djrh gsa lkald`frdj.k dh fo'ks"krk,a & 1- lkald`frdj.k og izfø;k gs tks fueu tkfr;ksa dh ijaijkxr] lkekftd izkflfkfr esa gksus okys ifjorzu vksj lq/kkj dks Li"V djrh gsa 2- lkald`frdj.k dqn ckgjh n'kkvksa dk ifj.kke ugha gs tc lekt dh lajpuk esa vkarfjd ifjorzu gksrk gs rhkh ;g izfø;k gksrh gsa 3- lkald`frdj.k dk vkn'kz izhkq tkfr izhkko'kkyh tkfr gh gksrh gsa 4- lkald`frdj.k dk laca/k,d cm+s lewg }kjk mpp tkfr dh lkald`frd fo'ks"krkvksa dks xzg.k djus ls gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa if'pehdj.k dh fo'ks"krk,a & 1-,d rvlfk vo/kkj.kk & ;g izfø;k usfrd :i ls blfy;s rvlfk gs fd blds vuqlkj fdlh ifjorzu dks igys dh rqyuk esa vpnk ;k cqjk ugha dgk tk ldrka 2-,d O;kid vo/kkj.kk & if'pehdj.k dh izfø;k dk {ks= cgqr O;kid gsa blesa vusd izdkj ds ifjorzuksa dk lekos'k gsa 3-,d fuf'pr vkn'kz dk vhkko & Hkkjr esa if'pehdj.k dh izfø;k fdlh,d ns'k dks vkn'kz ekudj ugha pyrha 4- u, ewy;ksa dk lekos'k & Hkkjrh; lald`fr ds ijaijkxr ewy;ksa dh txg if'peh lald`fr ds bu ewy;ksa dks xzg.k djus dh izfø;k dk uke gh if'pehdj.k gsa 19

20 mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 17- tulapkj ds lk/ku & tulapkj ds fofhkuu lk/kuksa dk dke ns'k ds vyx&vyx fgllksa esa?kfvr gksus okyh?kvukvksa] jktusfrd xfrfof/k;ksa] varjkz"vªh; laca/kksa] rjg&rjg dh lkekftd] vkffkzd lel;kvksa] fodkl dk;zøeksa vksj fofhkuu oxksza dh Hkwfedkvksa dh tkudkjh nsus ds lkfk tulk/kkj.k dks euksjatu dh lqfo/kk,a nsuk gsa tulapkj ds eq[; lk/ku & 1- VsyhohtuA 2- jsfm;ksaa 3- lekpkj i= if=dk,aa 4- pyfp=a 5- nwjlapkj rfkk 6- O;aX; fp=a mijksdr esa ls fdugha pkj dks folrkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa Hkkjr esa f'k{kk dh lel;k,a & 1- f'k{kk ij xsj ljdkjh izca/kdksa dk izhkko c<+us ls lkekftd vlekurk,a c<+ jgh gsa 2- izkfkfed f'k{kk ds fy;s fn;s tkus okys /ku dk leqfpr mi;ksx ugha gksrka 3- f'k{kk esa O;kogkfjd fu;kstu dh cgqr deh gsa blh dkj.k lk{kjrk dk y{; iwjk ugha gks ikrka 20

21 4- f'k{kk ls lacaf/kr uhfr;ksa vksj f'k{kdksa dh fu;qfdr;kas esa usrkvksa dk c<+rk gqvk glr{ksi,d eq[; lel;k gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 18- tutkfr;ksa dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,a & 1- lkeku; uke & izr;sd tutkfr dk viuk,d uke gksrk gs tsls xksam] eqamk] Hkhy vkfna 2-,d {ks=h; leqnk; & izr;sd tutkfr,d fuf'pr Hkw&Hkkx esa fuokl djrh gsa tsls taxyh] igkm+h [ks=a 3- i`fkd Hkk"kk & izr;sd tutkfr dh,d vyx Hkk"kk gksrh gsa 4- vkrefuhkzjrk & tutkfr,d vkrefuhkzj leqnk; gsa 5- jktuhfrd laxbu & Hkkjr esa yxhkx lhkh tutkfr;ksa ds vius&vius lkekftd dkuwu gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa tkfr O;oLFkk dh fo'ks"krk,a & 1- lekt dk [kamukred fohkktua 2- lalrj.ka 3- [kku iku esa izfrca/ka 4- lkekftd vksj /kkfezd fu;kszx;rk,aa 5- O;kolkf;d fohkktua 6- vurfozokga 7- vknj izfrekua 8- tkfr;ksa dh vurfuhkzjrka mijksdr esa fdugh ikap fcunq ij folrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa 21

22 mrrj 19- cqfu;knh f'k{kk & egkrek xka/kh th us vkffkzd :i ls detksj ns'k ds fy;s,d,slh f'k{kk O;oLFkk ij tksj fn;k ftldh lgk;rk ls yksx ijaijkxr nlrdkjh vksj O;olk; ds }kjk ljyrk ls O;olk; ds volj izkir dj ldsaa mudk fopkj Fkk fd drkbz&cqukbz] c<+bzfxjh] i'kqikyu] yksgkfxjh] crzu cukus dh dyk tsls O;olk;ksa dh f'k{kk ls gh uo;qodksa dks O;kogkfjd Kku fey ldrk gsa bl f'k{kk dks cqfu;knh f'k{kk dk uke fn;k x;k gsa cqfu;knh f'k{kk dk ;g izko/kku j[kk x;k fd cpps dks lkr o"kz ls pksng o"kz rd dh vk;q rd vfuok;z :i ls ;g f'k{kk nh tk;sa f'k{kk dk ek/;e ekr~hkk"kk ds :i ea fgunh gksuk pkfg,a rfkk blds mn~ns'; izr;sd ;qod dks vkre fuhkzj cukuk gks rfkk f'k{kk bl izdkj dh gks fd O;fDr Lo;a gh thfodk mikftzr djuk [kqn gh lh[k tk;sa cpps dh izfrhkk dks fodflr djuk Hkh bl f'k{kk dk mn~ns'; FkkA mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa f'k{kk ds eq[; mn~ns'; & 1- O;fDr dk lekthdj.k djuka 2- vius thou ij Lo;a fu;a=.k j[kuka 3- O;fDr vkthfodk mikftzr djus ds ;ksx; cu ldsa 4- O;fDr esa,slh {kerk,a fodflr djuk ftlls vius fy;s,d vyx LFkku cuk ldsa 5- f'k{kk dk,d eq[; mn~ns'; usfrd fodkl djuk gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij i j dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 20- Hkkjr esa vyila[;dksa dh lel;k,a & 22

23 1- euksoskkfud :i ls vyila[;d leqnk; ds yksx ;g le>rs gs fd la[;k esa de gksus ds dkj.k mugsa vf/kd jktusfrd vf/kdkj ugha fey ldsaxsa 2- eqflye leqnk; vkffkzd vksj 'ks{kf.kd finm+siu gksus ds dkj.k buds ifjokjksa dk vkdkj c<+k gksuk gsa 3- Hkkjr eas iwokszrrj jkt;ksa esa tgka bzlkbz vyila[;dksa dh tula[;k dkqh vf/kd gs muesa Hkh vlqj{kk dh Hkkouk ds dkj.k vkanksyudkjh izo`frr c<+rh tk jgh gsa 4- fld[k vyila[;dksa dks m ksxksa] jktuhfr] ljdkjh lsokvksa vksj f'k{kk esa vpnk izfrfuf/kro gsa budh viuh dksbz vyx lel;k ugha gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa finm+k oxz ls vfhkizk; & Hkkjrh; lekt esa tks leqnk; vkffkzd :i ls nqczy gs mugsa ge finm+k oxz dgrs gsa oklrfodrk ;g gs fd vu; finm+s oxz dk rkri;z mu tkfr;ksa ls gs tks tkfr O;oLFkk esa fueu LFkku ij gksrs gq, Hkh vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa esa 'kkfey ugh gsa ysdu tkfr O;oLFkk ds fu;eksa ds dkj.k lkekftd] vkffkzd vksj 'ks{kf.kd :i ls finm+h gqbz gsa bu tkfr;ksa dh vkffkzd vksj 'ks{kf.kd n'kk es vf/kd lq/kkj ugha gks ldka bl vk/kkj ij finms+ oxksza dks,d vof'k"v Js.kh cph gqbz Js.kh dgk tkrk gsa lafo/kku esa finm+s oxz dk dksbz fuf'pr vfkz Li"V u gksus ds dkj.k ;g vko';d gks x;k fd ljdkj lafo/kku ds vuqpnsn 340 ¼1½ ds vk/kkj ij fdlh vk;ksx dks fu;qdr djds finm+s oxz dh dlksfv;ksa dk fu/kkzj.k djds mugsa fo'ks"k lqfo/kk,a nsus dk iz;ru djsaa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa 23

24 mrrj 21- Hkkjrh; ukxfjd ds eksfyd vf/kdkj & 1- lekurk dk vf/kdkj & dkuwu ds lkeus lhkh yksx leku gsa muds chp /kez] oa'k] tkfr] fyax] tuelfkku ds vk/kkj ij fdlh rjg dk HksnHkko ugha fd;k tk;sxka 2- Lora=rk dk vf/kdkj & vius fopkjksa dks O;Dr djuk] ns'k esa vkus tkus dk vf/kdkj] jgus dk vf/kdkj] O;olk; djus dk vf/kdkj] vu; vf/kdkjksa ls ns'k dh lqj{kk] iz'kklfud O;oLFkk esa Bsl u igqaprh gks vksj viuk thou Lora= fcrk ldsa 3- 'kks"k.k ls j{kk dk vf/kdkj & O;fDr ls csxkj ugha ysuk] cky Jfedksa dk 'kks"k.k ugha djuk] fdlh Hkh Js.kh ds O;fDr dks csapk ;k [kjhnk ugha tk ldrka 4- /kkfezd Lora=rk dk vf/kdkj & izr;sd O;fDr fcuk ncko ds fdlh Hkh /kez ds vuqlkj O;ogkj] izpkj dj ldrk gsa 5- lald`fr vksj f'k{kk dk vf/kdkja 6- laos/kkfud mipkj dk vf/kdkja mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa iapk;rh jkt dh Hkwfedk & lkekftd ifjorzu esa & 1- xkao Lrj dh mi;ksxh ;kstuk,aa 2- xzkeh.k usr`ro dk fodkla 3- nqczy oxksza dk fodkla 4- xzkeh.kksa ds thou Lrj esa lq/kkja 5- LokLF; ds fy;s fo'ks"k iz;rua 24

25 xkao ds fodkl vksj lkekftd ifjorzu esa iapk;rh jkt dh vksj vf/kd ls vf/kd Hkwfedk fuhkk jgk gsa ysfdu xkao dh lel;k,a tsls xzkeh.k xqvcanh] pquko] la?k"kz] Hkz"Vkpkj dh izo`frr vkfn ds dkj.k ifjorzu lekt esa ck/kk cuk gqvk gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 22- HkfDr vkanksyu ds mn~ns'; & 1- nqckzy yksxks dh lgk;rk djuk gh bz'oj dks izkir djus dk lcls vpnk rjhdk gsa 2- HkfDr vkanksyu dk mn~ns'; lekt ds ewy <kaps dks cnys fcuk lekt esa QSyh gqbz dqjhfr;ksa] va/kfo'oklksa] lkekftd vlekurkvksa vksj dezdk.mksa dk fojks/k djuk rfkk lkekftd thou dks vf/kd LoLF; cukuk jgk gsa 3- bz'oj ds fy;s lhkh euq"; leku gsa 4- HkkbZ&pkjs dh Hkkouk dks fodflr djuka 5- NqvkNwr] lfr izfkk vksj cky fookg dk O;kid fojks/k djuka mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa fgalk ds dkj.k & 1- dqabk & vlqyrk ds dkj.k O;fDr esa dqabk vksj ghurk isnk gksus yxrh gsa,sls yksx nam dh fpark ugha djrs gsa 2- vlarks"k dk jktuhfrdj.k & valrks"k dk dkj.k tsls HksnHkko] Hkz"Vpkj vkfn ls jktuhfrd nyksa }kjk vius fgrksa dks iwjk djus ds fy;s fd;k tkus yxrk gsa blls gm+rky] can] rksm+qksm+ tslh?kvuk,a gksrh jgrh gsa 3- lekt dk vlarqfyr fodkl & fofhkuu lektksa esa vlarqfyr fodkl ds QyLo:i Hkh ruko] la?k"kz vksj fgalk esa o`f) gksrh gsa 25

26 4- vkradokn & orzeku ;qx esa nqfu;k ds fofhkuu fgllksa esa vkradoknh xfrfof/k;ksa esa gksus okyh o`f) fgalk dk,d izeq[k dkj.k gsa 5- laøe.kdkyhu n'kk,a & tc lekt ifjorzu ds nksj ls xqtjrk gs rks mlesa le; dh ekax ds vuqlkj fofhkuu lalfkkvksa vksj O;ogkj ds rjhdksa esa dfburk ls gh dksbz ifjorzu gks ikrk gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 23- Hkkjr esa jkt; ds lkeus pquksfr;ka & 1- lkekftd vkanksyua 2- ncko lewg fgr lewg vksj la?kokna 3- lkeiznkf;drka 4- {ks=okna 5- tkfrokna 6- Hkz"VkpkjA 7- fons'kh dwvuhfra mijksdr esa ls fdugha N% fcunqvksa dks folrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkir gksaxsa jkt; ds izeq[k vk/kkj & 1- izhkqlrrka 2- lalnh; yksdra=a 3- la?kh; lajpuka 4- yksdrkaf=d fodsunzhdj.ka 5- /kezfujis{krka 26

27 6- U;k; Lora=rk vksj lekurka 7- cgqnyh; iz.kkyha mijksdr esa ls fdugha N% fcunqvksa dks folrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 24- mnkjhdj.k dh pquksfr;ka & 1- xjhch dks nwj djuka 2- jkstxkj dh lel;k dks nwj djuka 3- xzkeh.k m ksxksa ds fo?kvu ds :i esa izfrdwy izhkko im+ka 4- mihkksdrkokn esa o`f) ls _.kxzlrrk dh lel;k isnk gks xbz gsa 5- mnkjhdj.k ls ;g vk'kadk gksus yxh gs fd f'k{kk dk {ks= futhdj.k gksus ls fueu oxz lekt oafpr gks ldrk gsa os'ohdj.k dk vfkz Z & os'ohdj.k ds vfkz fo'o dh vfkzo;olfkk eas,dhdj.k dh izfø;k ls gsa bldk vfkz gs fd tc fofhkuu ns'kksa ds chp O;kikfjd izfrca/k de ;k lekir gksus yxrs gs rfkk lhkh ns'k,d nwljs dh izks ksfxdh vksj vuqhkoksa dk ykhk mbkdj viuk vkffkzd fodkl djus yxrs gs rc bl n'kk dks os'ohdj.k dgrs gsa lkekftd vksj lkald`frd vk/kkj ij os'ohdj.k mrrj vk/kqfudrk dh muur n'kk dk uke gsa fo'o ds izfr O;kogkfjd n`f"vdks.k tc fofhkuu ns'kksa ds chp lkekftd vksj lkald`frd laca/kksa ds :i esa Li"V gksus yxrk gsa rc blh n'kk dks ge os'ohdj.k dgrs gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkir gksaxsa uo e/;e oxz dh fo'ks"krk, & 27

28 1- uo e/;e oxz lkald`frd vlarqyu dh n'kk gsa 2- Mh-ih- eq[kthz }kjk uo e/;e if'peh <ax ls O;ogkjksa ls vf/kd izhkkfor gsa 3- uo e/;e oxz thou ds izr;sd {ks= esa Lora= rjg ds vkpj.k djuk gsa 4- ;g oxz,d rjg ds vkre dsfunzr oxz gsa 5- bl oxz eas mihkksdrkoknh lald`fr dk rsth ls c<+uk gsa 6- izn'kzuokn bl oxz dh,d vu; fo'ks"krk gsa vfhktu lewg & vfhktu dk vfkz mu yksxksa ds lewg ls gksrk gs tk egroiw.kz jktusfrd inksa ij vklhu gksrs gsa ftugsa cm+s&cm+sa vf/kdkfj;ksa ds :i esa ljdkj dh vksj ls iz'kklu ds dqn fo'ks"k vf/kdkj lksais tkrs gsa ijsvksa us lhkhvfhktuksa dks 'kkldh; vfhktu vksj xsj 'kkldh; vfhktu tslh nks Jsf.k;ksa esa fohkkftr fd;ka orzeku le; esa mu lhkh lewgksa dks vfhktu lewg ekuk tkrk gs tks jktusfrd] iz'kklu] m ksx] izks ksfxdh] izca/k] f'k{kk] fpfdrlk blh rjg ds vusd {ks=ksa esa viuh ;ksx;rk vksj dq'kyrk ds dkj.k lekt dk us`rro djus yxrs gsa mijksdrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkir gksaxsa & & & & & 28