;w-ih-ih-,l-lh. lkeku; vè;;u. mùkj çns'k la;qä jkt;,oa vij v/khulfk lsok eq[; ijh{kk v/;;u lkekxzh. iz ui= & 4. iw.kzr% ifjofrzr,oa la'kksf/kr laldj.

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1 ;w-ih-ih-,l-lh mùkj çns'k l;qä jkt;,o vij v/khulfk lsok eq[; ijh{kk v/;;u lkekxzh iw.kzr% ifjofrzr,o l'kksf/kr lldj.k lkeku; vè;;u iz ui= & 4 Published By

2 lkeku; v/;;u ¼iz ui= & 4½ Published by Medi Allhbd Mobile : emil : subscriptiondevelopindi@gmil.com Edition : 2019 Aims We conduct Study Mteril Progrmme, All Indi Correspondence Courses, Test Series Progrmmes for vrious competitive exms with our expert fculties. Our im to provide qulity of mterils to you in your remote res. You cn find here weekly Newspper, MINERVA Hindi Monthly Mgzine, Books for ll competitive Exms, Notes & Study Mterils for ll competitive exms. If you wnt to buy ny kind of entrnce exm forms/vcncy/previous yer question ppers, you cn contct us. Copywrite All mtter compile in this notes from vrious sources believed to be relible. We published very crefully to this mtter, its uthors cn not tke gurntee the occurcy or completeness of ny informtion published herein nd neither Medi nor its uthors shll be responsible for ny errors, omissions or dmge rising out of use of this informtion. No prt of this notes my be reproduce or trnsemitted without the written permission of the publisher. All right reserved. Note : All disputes will respect to this publiction shll be subject to jurisdiction of the courts, tribunls nd forums of Allhbd, Indi. Contct us CORPORATE OFFICE Medi Allhbd Mobile : emils : subscriptiondevelopindi@gmil.com, developindimedigroup@gmil.com Notes for mùkj çns'k l;qä jkt;,o vij v/khulfk lsok eq[; ijh{kk v/;;u lkekxzh 2

3 Z lkeku; v/;;u ¼iz ui= & 4½ lkeku; v/;;u iz ui= & 4 uhfr kkl= rfkk ekuoh; lglcèk ekuoh; fø;kdykiks es uhfr kkl= dk lkjrro] blds fuèkkzjd vksj ifj.kke] uhfr kkl= ds vk;ke] futh vksj lkoztfud lcèkks es uhfr kkl= ; fi uhfr kkl= dh ifjhkk"kk rfkk {ks= çr;sd ;qx es erhksn ds fo"k; jgs gs] fqj Hkh O;kid :i ls ;g dgk tk ldrk gs fd uhfr kkl= es mu lkeku; fl)krks dk foospu gksrk gs ftuds vkèkkj ij ekuoh; fø;kvks vksj mís';ks dk ewy;kdu lhko gks ldsa vfèkdrj ys[kd vksj fopkjd bl ckr ls Hkh lger gs fd uhfr kkl= dk lcèk eq[;r% ekunmks vksj ewy;ks ls gs] u fd olrqflfkfr;ks ds vè;;u ;k [kkst ls] vksj bu ekunmks dk ç;ksx u dsoy O;fäxr thou ds fo'ys"k.k es fd;k tkuk pkfg, oju~ lkekftd thou ds fo'ys"k.k es Hkh djuk pkfg,a usfrd eroknks dk fodkl nks fofhkuu fn'kkvks es gqvk gsa,d vksj rks uhfr kkl=kks us usfrd fu.kz; dk fo'ys"k.k djrs gq, mfpr&vuqfpr lcèkh ekuoh; fopkjks ds ewyhkwr vkèkkj dk ç'u mbk;k gsa nwljh vksj mugks us usfrd vkn'kks Z rfkk mu vkn'kks Z dh flf) ds fy, viuk, x, ekxks dk foospu fd;k gsa uhfr kkl= dk igyk i{k fpru'khy gs] nwljk funs Z'ku'khy gsa bu nksuks dks ges,d lkfk ns[kuk gksxk] D;ks fd çr;{k :i es nksuks lyxu vksj vfohkkt; gsa euq"; ds O;ogkj dk vè;;u vusd 'kkl=ks es vusd f"v;ks ls fd;k tkrk gsa ekuo O;ogkj] ç fr ds O;kogkjks dh Hkkfr] dk;z&dkj.k&j`[kyk ds :i es gksrk gs vksj mldk dkj.kewyd vè;;u,o O;k[;k dh tk ldrh gsa euksfokku ;gh djrk gsa fdrq çk frd O;kogkjks dks ge vpnk ;k cqjk dgdj fo'ksf"kr ugh djrsa jklrs es vpkud o"kkz vk tkus ls Hkhxus ij ge cknyks dks dqokp; ugh dgus yxrsa blds foijhr lkfkh euq";ks ds deksz ij ge cjkcj Hkys&cqjs dk fu.kz; nsrs gsa bl çdkj fu.kz; nsus dh lkozhkkse ekuoh; ço`fùk gh vkpkjn'kzu dh tuuh gsa uhfr kkl= es ge O;ofLFkr :i ls fpru djrs gq, ;g tkuus dk ç;ru djrs gs fd gekjs vpnkbz&cqjkbz ds fu.kz;ks dk cqf)xzká vkèkkj D;k gsa dgk tkrk gs] uhfr kkl= fu;ked vfkok vkn'kkzuos"kh fokku gs] tcfd euksfokku ;kfkkfkzuos"kh 'kkl= gsa fu'p; gh 'kkl=ks ds bl oxhzdj.k es dqn rf; gs] ij og Hkzked Hkh gks ldrk gsa mä oxhzdj.k ;g èkkj.kk mriuu dj ldrk gs fd vkpkjn'kzu dk dke usfrd O;ogkj ds fu;eks dk vuos"k.k rfkk mn~?kkvu ugh gs] vfirq f=e <x ls osls fu;eks dks ekuo lekt ij ykn nsuk gsa fdrq ;g èkkj.kk xyr gsa uhfr'kkl= ftu usfrd fu;eks dh [kkst djrk gs os Lo; euq"; dh ewy psruk es fufgr gsa vo'; gh ;g psruk fofhkuu lektks rfkk ;qxks es fofhkuu :i èkkj.k djrh fn[kkbz nsrh gsa bl vusd:irk dk çèkku dkj.k ekuo ç fr dh tfvyrk rfkk ekuoh; Js; dh fofoèk:irk gsa fofhkuu ns'kdkyks ds fopkjd vius lektks ds çpfyr fofèk fu"ksèkks es fufgr usfrd isekuks dk gh vuos"k.k djrs gsa gekjs vius ;qx es gh] vusd ubz iqjkuh ll fr;ks ds lfeeyu ds dkj.k] fopkjdks ds fy, ;g lhko gks ldrk gs fd os vufxur :f<+;ks rfkk lkis{; eku;rkvks ls Åij mbdj olrqr% lkozhkkse usfrd fl)krks ds mn~?kkvu dh vksj vxzlj gksa uhfr'kkl= dk ewy ç'u D;k gs] bl lcèk es nks egroiw.kz er ik, tkrs gsa,d ero; ds vuqlkj uhfr'kkl= dh çèkku lel;k ;g crykuk gs fd ekuo thou dk ije Js; ¼lee cksue½ D;k gsa ije Js; dk cksèk gks tkus ij ge 'kqhk dez mugs dgsxs tks ml Js; dh vksj ys tkus okys gsa foijhr deksz dks v'kqhk dgk tk,xka nwljs ero; ds vuqlkj uhfr'kkl= dk çèkku dk;z 'kqhk ;k èkezler ¼jkbV½ dh èkkj.kk dks Li"V djuk gsa nwljs 'kcnks es ] uhfr'kkl= dk dk;z ml fu;e ;k fu;e lewg dk Lo:i Li"V djuk gs ftl ;k ftuds vuqlkj vuqf"br dez 'kqhk vfkok èkkfezd gksrs gsa ;s nks ero; nks fhkuu dksfv;ks dh fopkj i)fr;ks dks tue nsrs gsa ije Js; dh dyiuk vusd çdkj ls dh xbz gsa usfrdrk ds fu;e&;fn osls dksbz fu;e gksrs gs rks&fdl dksfv ds gks ldrs gsa fu;e ;k dkuwu dh èkkj.kk ;k rks jkt; ds nmfoèkku ls vkrh gs ;k HkkSfrd fokkuks ls] tgk ç fr ds fu;eks dk myys[k fd;k tkrk gsa jkt; ds dkuwu,d çdkj ds 'kkldks dh U;wukfèkd fu;f=r bpnk }kjk fufezr gksrs gsa os dhkh&dhkh dqn oxksz ds fgr ds fy, cuk, tkrs gs] mugs rksm+k Hkh tk ldrk gs vksj muds ikyu ls Hkh dqn yksxks dks gkfu gks ldrh gsa blds foijhr ç fr ds fu;e v[kmuh; gksrs gsa jkt; ds fu;e cnys tk ldrs gs] fdrq ç fr ds fu;e vifjorzuh; gsa uhfr ;k lnkpkj ds fu;e vifjorzuh;] ikyudrkz ds fy, dy;k.kdj,o v[kmuh; le>s tkrs gsa bu f"v;ks ls uhfr'kkl= ds fu;e LokLF; fokku ds fu;eks ds iw.kzr;k leku gksrs gsa,slk tku im+rk gs fd euq"; vfkok ekuo ç fr nks fhkuu dksfv;ks ds fu;eks ds fu;=.k es O;ki`r gksrh gsa,d vksj rks euq"; mu dkuwuks dk o'korhz gs ftudk mn~?kkvu ;k fu:i.k HkkSfrd fokku] jlk;u'kkl=] çkf.k'kkl=] euksfokku vkfn rf;kuos"kh ¼ikftfVo½ 'kkl=ks es gksrk gs vksj nwljh vksj LokLF; fokku] rdz'kkl= vkfn Notes for mùkj çns'k l;qä jkt;,o vij v/khulfk lsok eq[; ijh{kk v/;;u lkekxzh 3

4 lkeku; v/;;u ¼iz ui= & 4½ Why should red Develop Indi Study Mteril? Msosyi bfm;k xzqi v/;;u lkexzh dks D;ks i<+uk pkfg,\ 1- (DIG) is Indi s lrgest complete study mterils provider website. Msosyi bfm;k xz qi (DIG) Hkkjr dh lcls cm+h v/;;u lkexzh çnkrk osclkbv gsa 2- (DIG) prepred their study mterils in the guidnce of highly qulified nd experience mentoring specilist- Msosyi bfm;k xz qi (DIG) us lq;ksx; vksj vuqhkoh lykg fo'ks"kkks ds ekxzn'kzu es viuh v/;;u lkexzh rs;kj dh gsa 3- (DIG) study mterils hve been prepred strictly ccording to revised syllbus- Msosyi bfm;k xz qi (DIG) v/;;u lkexzh iw.kzr;k l'kksf/kr ikbîøe ds vuqlkj rs;kj dh xbz gsa 4- Only im behind prepring these study mterils is to provide study mteril to those students, who re unble to ttend coching clsses in meg cities- bu v/;;u lkefxz;ks dks rs;kj djus dk mís'; dsoy mu Nk=ks dks v/;;u lkexzh çnku djuk gs] tks egkuxjks es dksfpx Dyklsl es Hkkx ysus es vlefkz gsa 5- All kind of fcts & dt in this mteril hve been collected from uthentic sources- bl lkexzh es lhkh çdkj ds rf;ks vksj MsVk dks çkekf.kd lzksrks ls,d= fd;k x;k gsa 6- All kind of dt is updted in qurterly in our study notes- gekjh v/;;u lkefxz;ks es lhkh çdkj ds vkd³ks dks frekgh es vimsv fd;k tkrk gsa 7- (DIG) study mterils hve been prepred in simple lnguge so tht student cn memorize esily nd better understnd- Msosyi bfm;k xz qi (DIG) v/;;u lkexzh ljy Hkk"kk es rs;kj dh xbz gs rkfd Nk= vklkuh ls vksj csgrj <x ls le> ldsa 8- Complete syllbus of preliminry nd min exm hs been covered in this study mteril- çkjfhkd vksj eq[; ijh{kk dk iwjk ikbîøe bl v/;;u lkexzh es 'kkfey fd;k x;k gsa 9- All importnt nd relevnt points hve been highlighted in bold, underline nd itlic wys- cksym] js[kkdu vksj bvsfyd rjhds ls lhkh egroiw.kz vksj çklfxd fcnqvks dks gkbykbv fd;k x;k gsa 10- We hve prepred our study mterils with trined, tlented, experienced tem for ech subject. They re supported by subject experts- geus çr;sd fo"k; ds fy, çf'kf{kr] çfrhkk'kkyh] vuqhkoh Vhe ds lkfk vksj fo"k; fo'ks"kkks ds ekxzn'kzu es v/;;u lkexzh rs;kj dh gsa 11- Once you will red these study mterils, you will surely find 70 to 80 % questions in next coming exmintion-,d ckj tc vki ;s v/;;u lkexzh i<+ ysxs] rks vkidks fuf'pr :i ls vkus okyh ijh{kk es 70 ls 80% ç'u feysxsa 12- So BUY TODAY nd secure your future- blfy, vkt gh [kjhns vksj viuk Hkfo"; lqjf{kr djs- Cll us for more detils : Notes for mùkj çns'k l;qä jkt;,o vij v/khulfk lsok eq[; ijh{kk v/;;u lkekxzh 4

5 lkeku; v/;;u ¼iz ui= & 4½ vkn'kkzuos"kh fokkuks ds fu;eks dk] ftuls og ckè; rks ugh gksrk] ij ftudk ikyu mlds lq[k rfkk muufr ds fy, vko';d gsa uhfr'kkl= ds fu;e bl nwljh dksfv ds gksrs gsa ç kklu vksj ekuoh; lglcèk ekuoh; lecèkks ls gekjk rkri;z eq[;r% fu;ksdrkvks vksj dkfezdks ds eè; mu lecèkks ls gs tks dkuwuh eku;rkvks }kjk fu;f=r ugh gksrsa ;s lecèk dkuwuh rroks dh vis{kk usfrd vksj euksoskkfud rroks ls lcfèkr gsa cn çfreku ls ftl n{krk dh vis{kk Fkh og vko';d Lrj rd çkir ugh gks ikbz vksj lxbu ds dk;zdùkkzvks }kjk lxbu NksM+us dh ço`fùk vksj vis{kkuq:i dk;z leiknu es deh vkfn izo`fùk ns[kh xbza Vsyjokn ls mrikndrk es o`f) rks gqbz] ysfdu 'kh?kzz gh ;g vçklfxd Hkh gks x;k] D;ksfd Jfedks es O;kIr mnklhurk] dq Bk rfkk volkn us dk;z ds izfr mues v#fp mriuu dj nha bu fl)krks us lxbu dh uhfr] fu;e o ljpuk vksj lxbu ds fodkl ij gh è;ku fn;k ysfdu ekuoh; i{k dh vuns[kh dha blds foijhr ekuo&lecèk fl)kr O;fDr;ks vksj mudh çsj.kkvks ij cy nsrk gsa ekuo&lecèk fl)kr dh mrifùk dk Js;,YVu es;ks o muds lg;ksfx;ks dks tkrk gs tks 1924 ls 1932 ds eè; liuu ^gkwfkksuz ç;ksx* ds fu"d"kksz dk ifj.kke gsa ekuo lecèk fl)kr us O;fDr ds rksj ij Jfed vksj mlds dk;zlewg ds euksoskkfud vksj lkekftd i{kks ij cy fn;ka blfy, bl fl)kr dks lkekftd&euksoskkfud fl)kr Hkh dgk tkrk gsa es;ks us viuk vè;;u 'kkjhfjd] HkkSfrd] vkffkzd vksj euksoskkfud igyqvks dks è;ku es j[krs gq, etnwjks ds O;ogkj vksj mudh mriknu {kerk ij dsfunzr fd;k vksj vius vè;;u dks mugksus fdyfudy ekuka blfy, bl fl)kr dks ^fdyfudy fl)kr* Hkh dgrs gsa es;ks ds 'kksèkdk;z ds le; vesfjdk vks ksfxd ldv ls xqtj jgk FkkA es;ks us viuk è;ku vks ksfxd Jfedks dh Fkdku] nq?kzvuk] mriknu Lrj] fojke vofèk] dk;z flfkfr;ks br;kfn ij ds fnzr fd;ka gkwfkksuz iz;ksx % ekuo lecèk fl)kr gkwfkksuz iz;ksxks dk ifj.kke gsa vesfjdk ds f'kdkxks 'kgj es oslvuz bysfdvªd deiuh ds gkwfkksuz IykV es 1924 es ;g iz;ksx gkwfkksuz IykV ds fujh{kd tkwtz ihukwd ds usr`ro es rfkk vkxs pydj es;ks ds usr`ro es leiuu gq,a ;s iz;ksx bl izdkj gs % egku izdk'k O;oLFkk iz;ksx ¼1924&27½ % efgyk etnwjks ds nks i`fkd nyks dk p;u fd;k x;ka izr;sd ny es Ng efgyk, lfeefyr Fkh vksj mugs leku dk;z lksis x,a dejks dks leku :i ls izdk'k fn;k x;k] ftlls izdk'k ds fofhkuu Lrjks ij mrikndrk dk vè;;u fd;k tk ldsa izkjehk es dk;zflfkfr;k flfkj Fkh fqj èkhjs&èkhjs bu flfkfr;ks es ifjorzu fd;k x;k] ftlls bu flfkfr;ks dk mriknu ij izhkko vkdk tk ldsa bl 'kksèk ls irk pyk fd izdk'k dh fofhkuu flfkfr;ks es nksuks nyks ds mriknu es o`f) gqbza es;ks us crk;k fd 'kksèk ds vrxzr iz;ksx ds dejs ij vfèkd è;ku fn, tkus ls os lkekftd bdkbz cu x, vksj ;gk Hkkxhnkjh dh Hkkouk fodflr gks xbz vksj mriknu es fofhkuu udkjkred flfkfr;ks ds ckotwn o`f) gqbza nwljs iz;ksx es Jfedks dks,d cm+s lewg ls pquk x;k rfkk bu ij i;zos{k.k }kjk dqn vdq'k j[kk x;k vksj Jfedks dks lq>ko nsus ds fy, izkfèkñr fd;k x;ka dk;z&flfkfr;ks es Hkh ifjorzu fd;k x;k] ftles fojkedky vksj fnu dh dk;z&vofèk es ifjorzu fd;k x;ka bl iz;ksx ds vkèkkj ij es;ks us fu"d"kz fn;k fd Jfedks dks egùo fn, tkus ls muds }kjk dk;z djus dh ps"vk es o`f) gqbza lkfk gh ik;k x;k fd Jfed T;knk i;zos{k.k dks iln ugh djrs gsa es;ks us eglwl fd;k fd dk;z&lrqf"v dkqh gn rd dk;zdkjh lewg ds vuksipkfjd lkekftd vfhkjpuk ij fuhkzj gs rfkk Jfedks dks,sls j[kuk pkfg,] ftlls og viuh vko';drk, [kqydj crk, vksj i;zos{kdks ls Lor=rkiwoZd fopkj fofue; djsa bu nksuks iz;ksxks es ik;k x;k fd ;kf=d dkjdks dk Jfedks dh mrikndrk,o lrqf"v ds chp dksbz izr;{k ldkjkred lecèk ugh gsa lk{kkrdkj ijh{k.k ¼ekuoh; Hkkouk,,o vfhko`fùk;k iz;ksx½ ¼1928&31½ % 1928 es es;ks vksj lg;ksfx;ks us ekuoh; eukso`fùk;ks vksj Hkkoukvks ij,d xgu lk{kkrdkj vk;ksftr fd;ka Jfedks ls dgk x;k fd os izcèkdks ds O;ogkj vkfn ij viuh iln vksj ukiln Lor= vksj Li"V :i ls crk,a dqn izkjfehkd dfbukbz;ks ds ckn ;g eglwl fd;k x;k fd ; fi dksbz lqèkkj ykxw ugh fd;k x;k fqj Hkh Jfedks dh ekufld izo`fùk es ifjorzu gqvka diuh dh lel;kvks ij Jfedks us tkudkjh izkir djus dh fofèk dh ljkguk dh rfkk tc mugs Lor= vfhko;fdr dh vuqefr feyh rks mugs izluurk gqbz vksj mudk eukscy c<+ka i;zos{kdks es Hkh ifjorzu vk;k D;ksfd 'kksèk Vhe us muds dke dks cgqr utnhd ls ns[kk vksj vèkhulfk yksxks dks Lor=rkiwoZd ckr djus dh vuqefr iznku dha 'kksèk Vhe us ;g eglwl fd;k fd Lo; mu yksxks dks vius lkffk;ks ds lkfk O;ogkj djus vksj mugs le>us dh ubz rduhds lh[kus dks feyha es;ks vksj lg;ksfx;ks us eglwl fd;k fd ikfjokfjd =klfn;ks] chekfj;ks vkfn O;fDrxr lel;kvks es Jfedks dk my>k gksuk gh m ksx es mldh {kerk de djrk gsa bu lel;kvks es Jfedks ds my>us dks es;ks us ^fujk'kktud LoIu* dgk gsa csd ok;fjx iz;ksx ¼1931&32½ % bles lewg ds O;ogkj dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;ka Jfedks ds rhu,sls lewg pqus x, ftuds dke,d&nwljs ls tqm+s FksA etnwjh dk Hkqxrku lkewfgd izksrlkgu ;kstuk ds vkèkkj ij fd;k x;ka izr;sd lnl; dks viuk fgllk lewg }kjk fd, x, dqy dk;z ds vkèkkj ij feyrk FkkA ;gk ;g ik;k x;k fd Jfedks dk dk;z djus dk viuk Lo; dk ekud Fkk tks izcèkdks }kjk fuèkkzfjr y{; ls de FkkA Jfed oxz vius lnl;ks dks bl ekunm ls de ;k vfèkd mriknu ugh djus nsrs FksA ; fi os vfèkd mriknu djus es lefkz FksA mues cgqr,drk Fkh vksj mudh lkekftd ljpuk o vuksipkfjd ncko xyrh djus okys dks Bhd jkg ij ykus ds fy, dkqh FksA blds Notes for mùkj çns'k l;qä jkt;,o vij v/khulfk lsok eq[; ijh{kk v/;;u lkekxzh 5

CENTRAL COUNCIL OF INDIAN MEDICINE NEW DELHI

CENTRAL COUNCIL OF INDIAN MEDICINE NEW DELHI 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 136y 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.