izkn'kz iz'u i= 2013&14 fo"k; & Hkwxksy (Geography) d{kk & ckjgoha lsv&,

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1 aa izkn'kz iz'u i= 2013&14 fo"k; & Hkwxksy (Geography) d{kk & ckjgoha lsv&, le;& 3?kaVs iw.kkzad& 75 Time- 3 Hours Maximum Mark 75 funsz'k& i. lhkh iz'u vfuok;z gsa ii. iz'u i= esa fn;s x;s funsz'k lko/kkuh iwozd i<+dj iz'uksa ds mrrj fyf[k,a iii. iz'u Ø- 1 ls 4 rd olrqfu"b iz'u gs ftuds vurxzr lgh fodyi dk p;u] lgh tksm+h cukuk] fjdr LFkkuksa dh iwfrz],oa,d okd; esa mrrj izdkj ds iz'u fn;s x;s gsa izr;sd iz'u 5 vad dk gsa 1 x 5, 5 x 4 = 20 vad iv. iz'u Øekad 5 ls 18 rd esa vkurfjd fodyi fn;s x;s gsa v. iz'u Øekad 5 ls 8 rd izr;sd iz'u ds fy, 2 vad fu/kkzfjr gsa vi. iz'u Øekad 9 ls 13 rd izr;sd iz'u ds fy, 4 vad,oa iz'uksa ds mrrj yxhkx 75 'kcnksa esa fy[kuk gsa vii. iz'u Øekad 14 ls 16 rd izr;sd iz'u ds fy, 5 vad,oa iz'uksa ds mrrj yxhkx 120 'kcnksa esa fy[kuk gsa viii. iz'u Øekad 17 ls 18 rd izr;sd iz'u ds fy, 6 vad,oa mrrj yxhkx 150 'kcnksa esa fy[kuk gsa Instructions i. All questions are compulsory. ii. Read the instructions of the question paper carefully and answer the questions. iii. Q. No. 1 to 4 are objective type which include - choose the correct answers, match the column, Fill up the blanks and one sentence answer. Each question is allotted 5 marks. 1 x 5, 5 x 4 = 20 Marks. iv. Internal options are given in Q. No. 5 to 18. v. Q. No. 5 to 8 are assigned 2 marks each. vi. Q. No. 9 to 13 carry 4 marks each and answer should be given in about 75 words. vii. Q. No. 14 to 16 carry 5 marks each and answer should be given in about 120 words. 1

2 viii. Q. No. 17 to 18 carries 6 marks and answer should be given in about 150 words. iz'u 1- lgh fodyi pqudj fyf[k,a ¼v½ tula[;k dh n`f"v ls Hkkjr dk fo'o esa dksu lk LFkku gs & ¼i½ rhljk ¼ii½ nwljk ¼iii½ lkroka ¼iv½ ikapok ¼c½ fo'o dk lcls yeck jsy ekxz gs & ¼i½ VªkUl lkbzcfj;u jsyekxz ¼ii½ VªkUl bf.m;u jsyekxz ¼iii½ dsusfm;u islsfqd jsyekxz ¼iv½ dsi Vw dkfgjk jsyekxz ¼l½ Hkkjr esa fueu esa ls fdl [kk kuu Qly dk lcls vf/kd {ks= gs & ¼i½ xsgwa ¼iii½ pkoy ¼ii½ eddk ¼iv½ cktjk ¼n½ Hkkjr esa lokzf/kd jcj dk mriknu gksrk gs & ¼i½ dsjy ¼ii½ rfeyukmq ¼iii½ vle ¼iv½ dukzvd ¼b½ lcls llrk ifjogu dksu lk gs & ¼i½ ok;q ifjogu ¼ii½ lm+d ifjogu ¼iii½ jsy ifjogu ¼iv½ ty ifjogu Choose correct option - (a) Indicate place of India in comparison other countries of the world in respect of population - (i) Third (ii) Second (iii) Seventh (iv) Fifth (b) The longest rail route of the world is - (i) Trans Siberian rail route (ii) Trans Indian rail route (iii) Canadian Pacific rail route (iv) Cape to caria rail route (c) Which food crops cover more area in India- (i) Wheat (ii) Maize 2

3 (iii) Rice (iv) Bajara (d) Largest producer of Rubber in India is - (i) Kerala (ii) Tamil Nadu (iii) Assam (iv) Karnataka (e) Which is the cheapest transport - (i) Air transport (ii) Road Transport (iii) Rail transport (iv) Water transport iz'u 2- fueufyf[kr fjdr LFkkuksa dh iwfrz dhft,a 1- dq-bz-lh- lseiqy hkwxksyosrrk gsa 2- Ms;jh QkfeZax esa nq/kk: i'kqvksa ds ikyu vksj ij cy fn;k tkrk gsa 3- lalkj esa lcls Åaph lm+d eukyh ls rd gsa 4- Hkkjr dk Tokjh; canjxkg gsa 5- Hkkjrh; e`nzk dh izeq[k lel;k vijnu,oa dk ãl gsa Fill in the blanks. 1. Kumari E.C. sampule is...geographer. 2. In Dairy forming main force given on milk producing animal rearing and Manali to...road is the highest road of the world. 4. Tidal port of India is Main problem of Indian soil is erosion and...degradation. iz'u 3- fueufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mrrj,d okd; esa nhft,a 1- esxkyksiksfyl uxj fdls dgrs gs\ 2- la;qdr vf/kokl D;k gs\ 3

4 3- Hkkjr ds fdl jkt; ea tula[;k?kuro de gs\ 4- fdl [kfut dks ^^tsd vkq vky VsªMl~** dgrs gs\ 5- /ofu iznw"k.k fdls dgrs gs\ Answer in one sentence. 1. What is the "Megalopolis" city? 2. What is composite settlements? 3. In which state of India density of population is low? 4. Which mineral is known as "Jake of all trades"? 5. What is the sound pollution? iz'u 4- LraHk ^ v* ds fy, LraHk ^c* ls pqudj lgh tksfm+;ka cukb, & v & c ¼v½ iz'kklfud uxj & nqxkziqj ¼c½ vks ksfxd uxj & fnyyh ¼l½ nkeksnj?kkvh fuxe & dkuiqj ¼n½ vka/kzizns'k & xka/kh QkeZ ¼b½ rfeyukmq & fo'kk[kkiv~ve~ Match the correct pair for column 'A' choosing from column 'B'. A - B (a) Administrative town - Durgapur (b) Industrial town - Delhi (c) Damodar valley corporation - Kanpur (d) Andhra Pradesh - Gandhi Farm (e) Tamil Nadu - Vishakhapatnam iz'u 5- ekuo Hkwxksy dk tud fdls vksj D;ksa dgk tkrk gs\ Who is the Father of Human Geography and why the is called? 4

5 Ýkalhlh Ldwy ds tud dksu vksj D;ksa dgs tkrs gs\ Who was the founder of franch school and why? iz'u 6- uxjh; vf/kokl dh dksbz nks izeq[k fo'ks"krk,a fyf[k,a Write the main characteristics of urban settlements. xzkeh.k vf/kokl dh dksbz nks izeq[k fo'ks"krk,a fyf[k,a Write the main two characteristics of rural settlements. iz'u 7- l?ku,oa,dkadh cflr;ksa esa D;k varj gs\ Write the difference between compact and isolated settlements. Hkkjr esa rsth ls gks jgs uxjh;dj.k ds nks nq"izhkkoksa dks fyf[k,\ Write two demerits of fast urbanization of India. iz'u 8- uxjh; dpjs ds fuivku ds nks mik; fyf[k,a Write two ways waste disposal. Hkwfe dh xq.korrk dks cuk, j[kus ds dksbz nks mik; fyf[k,a Write any two ways to keep to keep up the quality of Soil. iz'u 9- xzkeh.k,oa uxjh; tula[;k esa dksbz pkj varj fyf[k,a 5

6 Write four differences between rural and urban population. mriknd,oa vkfjr tula[;k dks laf{kir esa le>kb;sa Explain in short productive population and dependent population. iz'u 10- y?kq m ksx,oa o`gn m ksx esa egroiw.kz pkj varj fyf[k,a Write any four main differences between the small scale and large scale industries. thodksiktzu d`f"k D;k gs\ bldh pkj izeq[k fo'ks"krk,a crkb;s\ What is subsistence agriculture? mention its any four main characteristics? iz'u 11- Lost ugj ds pkj O;kikfjd egro fyf[k,a Write any four commercial importance of Svej Cannel. iukek ugj ds pkj O;kikfjd egro fyf[k,a Write any four commercial importance of Panama Cannel. iz'u 12- tula[;k ds forj.k,oa?kuro dks izhkkfor djus okys dksbz pkj dkjdksa dks le>kb;saa Explain any four factors Effecting the Distribution and Density of Populations. Hkkjr esa tula[;k o`f) jksdus ds pkj mik; fyf[k,a Write four main checks for the control of population in India? 6

7 iz'u 13- isvªksfy;e [kfut dh deh Hkkjr dh vfkzo;olfkk dks fdl izdkj izhkkfor djrh gs\ How does the deficiency of Petroleum affect the Indian Economy? Hkkjr izkd`frd lalk/kuksa esa ugha vfirq izks ksfxdh esa fu/kzu gs bl dfku dh iqf"v dhft,a India is not poor is natural resources. but poor in Technology. prove this statement. iz'u 14- y?kq m ksx,oa o`gn m ksx es egroiw.kz ikap varj fyf[k,a Write five main differences between the small scale and large scale industries. Hkkjr esa lw=h ol= m ksx dk dsunzh;dj.k fdl {ks= esa gqvk gs vksj D;ksa\ In which area centralization of "Cotton textile industries" is been done and why? iz'u 15- Hkkjr ds vurjkz"vªh; O;kikj dh dksbz ikap fo'ks"krk,a fyf[k;sa Write any five Charactersties of International Trade of India. d`f=e mixzgksa ds ikap mi;ksx fyf[k,a Write any five uses of Artifical Satellites. iz'u 16- fn;s x;s lalkj ds lhekdkj ekufp= esa fueufyf[kr n'kkz;s & 1- VªkUl lkbcsfj;u jsyekxza 2- eqecbz ls yanu tyekxza 3- U;w;kdZ canjxkga 7

8 4- vestu unha 5- va/kegklkxj State the following in the outline map the world 1. Trans Siberiyan Rail Route. 2. Mumbai to London Water Route. 3. Newyork Port. 4. Amazon River. 5. Allantic Ocean. fn;s x;s lalkj ds lhekdkj ekufp= esa fueufyf[kr dks n'kkzb;sa 1- dsi dkfgjk jsyekxza 2- yanu ls U;w;kdZ tyekxza 3- lsu ÝkaflLdks uxja 4- iukek ugja 5- vjc lkxja Show the following in outline map of the world. 1. Cap-cairo Rail Route. 2. London to Newyork Water Rout. 3. Sanfranisco City. 4. Panama Canal 5. Arabian Sea. iz'u 17- Hkkjrh; d`f"k dh izeq[k N% lel;k,a fyf[k,a Write any six problems of Indian Agriculture. pkoy dh Qly ds fy, vko';d HkkSxksfyd n'kk,a fyf[k,a 8

9 Write the necessary geographical conditions required for rice. iz'u 18- ouksa ls gksus okys dksbz N% ykhk fyf[k,a Write any six advantages from forests. ou laj{k.k ds dksbz N% mik; fyf[k,a Write any six ways of forest conjuration. & & & & & & 9

10 vkn'kz mrrj fo"k; & Hkwxksy (Geography) d{kk & ckjgoha olrqfu"b iz'uksa ds mrrkj & mrrj 1- lgh fodyi & ¼i½ nwljk ¼ii½ VªkUl lkbcsfj;u jsyekxz ¼iii½ pkaoy ¼iv½ dsjy ¼v½ ty ifjogua 5 lgh gy djus ij 5 vad izkir gksaxsa =5 mrrj 3- fjdr LFkku & ¼i½ vesfjdh ¼ii½ iztuu ¼iii½ ysg ¼iv½ eaxyksj ¼v½ xq.korrk 5 lgh gy djus ij 5 vad izkir gksaxsa =5 mrrj 3-,d okd; esa mrrj & 1- fo'o ds fo'kky uxj ftudh tula[;k 50 yk[k ls vf/kd gksrh gsa tsls% Vksfd;ks] eqecbz] yanu] isfjl vkfna 2- blesa,d izeq[k vf/kokl rfkk mlds pkjksa vksj nks ;k vf/kd iqjos gksrs gsa 3- Hkkjr ds v:.kkpy izns'k esa tula[;k?kuro de gsa 4- esaxuht dks ^tsd vkq vky VsªMl~** dgrs gsa 10

11 5- vupkgh maps Loj dh /ofu dks 'kksj dgrs gsa 'kksj ls gksus okyh cspsuh dks /ofu iznw"k.k dgrs gsa 5 lgh gy djus ij 5 vad izkir gksaxsa =5 mrrj 4- lgh tksfm;ka & v & c ¼v½ iz'kklfud uxj & fnyyh ¼c½ vks ksfxd uxj & dkuiqj ¼l½ nkeksnj?kkvh fuxe & nqxkziqj ¼n½ vka/kzizns'k & fo'kk[kkiv~ve~ ¼b½ rfeyukmq & xka/kh QkeZ 5 lgh gy djus ij 5 vad izkir gksaxsa =5 mrrj 5- izfl) HkwxksyosRrk QsMfjd jsvtsy dks ekuo Hkwxksy dk tud dgk tkrk gsa jsvtsy ds vuqlkj ^^ekuo loz= okrkoj.k ls lacaf/kr gksrk gs tks Lo;a HkkSfrd n'kkvksa dk,d ;ksx gksrk gsa** mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa Ýkalhlh Ldwy ds tud HkwxksyosRrk fomky Mh- yk- Cyk'k gsa bugksus ekuo Hkwxksy dks,d fo/kku ds Lrj ij j[kk vksj dgk fd ekuo Hkwxksy i`foh vksj ekuo ds ikjlifjd laca/kksa dks,d ubz ladyiuk nsrk gsa og i`foh ij fuokl djus okys thoksa ds ikjlifjd vr% leca/kksa dk la'ys"kkred Kku gksrk gsa mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa 11

12 mrrj 6- uxjh; vf/kokl dh nks fo'ks"krk,a & 1- uxjh; vf/kokl ds fuokfl;ksa dk O;olk; f}rh;d] r`rh;d izdkj dk gksrk gs ;gka ds yksxksa dk O;olk; m ksx ifjogu O;kikj,oa mpp lsok,a gksrh gsa 2- ;s vf/kokl f'k{kk] fpfdrlk ifjogu vkfn lqfo/kkvksa ls ;qdr gksrs gsa mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa xzkeh.k vf/kokl dh nks fo'ks"krk, fueufyf[kr gs & 1- xzkeh.k cflr;ka NksVh gksrh gs ;gka ds fuokfl;ksa dk eq[; O;olk; d`f"k] i'kqikyu] i'kqpkj.k vk[ksv [kuu vkfn gksrk gsa 2- xzkeh.k vf/kokl esa tula[;k de gksrh gsa xzkeh.k cflr;ka izdh.kz,oa,dkadh gksrh gsa mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 7-,dkadh clrh,oa l?ku clrh esa varj & Ø,dkadh clrh l?ku clrh 1- bl izdkj dh cflr;ksa esa ekdu bu cflr;ksa esa edku nwj&nwj cus gksrs gsa ikl&ikl cus gksrs gsa 2- buesa jklrs,oa xfy;ka vo;oflfkr buesa xfy;ka ladjh gksrh gsa gksrh gsa 3- d`"kd vius [ksrksa esa >ksifm+;ka bu cflrk;ksa esa edku,d cukdj jgrs gs buesa,d gh ifjokj nwljs ls lvs gq, cus gksrs gsa fuokl djrk gsa ;s v)zfodflr ;s lkekftdrk ls vksrizksr 12

13 lkekftd laxbu budh LFkkiuk dk dkj.k gsa gksrs gsa mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa rhoz uxjh;dj.k ds nks nq"izhkko fueufyf[kr gs & 1- dbz ckj uxjksa esa csjkstxkjh dh xgu lel;k mriuu gks tkrh gs] lq/kkj djuk ftlls xzkeh.k vizokfl;ksa dks iqu% xkaoksa dh vksj Hkkxuk im+rk gsa 2- uxjksa esa tula[;k c<+us ls vkokl] fpfdrlk],oa LoPN ty vkiwfrz vkfn lsokvksa ij izhkko im+rk gs vksj ogka xunh cflr;ksa dh la[;k c<+us yxrh gsa mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 8- uxjh; dpjs ds fuivku ds nks mik; fueufyf[kr gs & 1- uxj ds dpjs dks lqfu;ksftr :i ls,df=r djds VsªDVj,oa Vªdksa dh lgk;rk ls uxj ds ckgj cm+s&cm+s xm~<+ksa esa Mkydj mugsa ikvk tk ldrk gsa 2- uxjh; dpjs ls dkap] IykfLVd vkfn inkfkz vyx dj [kkn cukbz tk ldrh gsa mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa Hkwfe dh xq.korrk dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, nks mik; fueufyf[kr gs & 13

14 1- jklk;fud mozjdksa ds LFkku ij deikslv rfkk gjh [kkn dk iz;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,,oa lkfk gh Qlyksa ij fo"ksys dhvuk'kdksa dk iz;ksx foosdiw.kz <ax ls fd;k tkuk pkfg,a 2- flapkbz,oa mozjdksa dk iz;ksx djus ds igys fev~vh o ikuh dh tkap dh tkuh pkfg,,oa {kkjh; ;k veyh; Hkwfe dks oskkfud <ax ls la'kksf/kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,a mijksdrkuqlkj lgh fy[kus ij 2 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 9- xzkeh.k tula[;k vksj uxjh; tula[;k esa fueufyf[kr vurj gs %& Ø- xzkeh.k tula[;k 1 fo'o dh dqy tula[;k dk 53 izfr'kr Hkkx xkaoksa esa fuokl djrk gsa 2 xkaoksa esa fuokl djus okyh tula[;k dks xzkeh.k tula[;k dgrs gsa 3 budh o`f) dh nj uxjh; tula[;k dh vis{kk de gksrh gsa 4 ;gka jgus okyh tula[;k dks thfodk dk eq[; vk/kkj d`f"k O;olk; o vu; dqvhj m ksx gksrs gsa uxjh; tula[;k fo'o dh dqy tula[;k dk 47 izfr'kr Hkkx uxjksa esa fuokl djrk gsa NksVs&cM+s uxjksa esa fuokl djus okyh tula[;k dks uxjh; tula[;k dgrs gsa budh o`f) dh nj Åaph gksrh gsa ;gka jgus okyh tula[;k] m ksx,oa fofhkuu izdkj dh lsok,a gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 4 vad v izkir gksaxs½ 14

15 mriknd tula[;k %& mriknd tula[;k fdlh ns'k dh dqy tula[;k dk og Hkkx gksrh gs tks dke djds] ifjje djds] viuk vius ifjokj dk Hkj.k iks"k.k djrh gs] gekjs ns'k esa mriknd tula[;k dk vuqikr izfr'kr gsa vkfjr tula[;k %& vkfjr tula[;k vfkkzr~ og yksx tks nwljksa ij iw.kzr% vkfjr jgrs gsa fdlh ns'k dh dqy tula[;k dk og Hkkx tks /ku vtzu djus dk dksbz dk;z ugha djrka buesa 15 o"kz ls de vk;q oxz ds cpps,oa 60 o"kz ls vf/kd vk;q oxz ds o`) vkrs gsa buesa?kj esa dk;z djus okyh efgyk,a Hkh lfeefyr gsa ;s yksx Hkj.k iks"k.k ds fy, nwljksa ij fuhkzj jgrs gsa blfy, budks vkfjr tula[;k dgrs gsa gekjs ns'k esa budk vuqikr 66 izfr'kr ls vf/kd gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij iw.kz ij 4 vad izkir gksaxs½ mrrj 10- y?kq m ksx,oa o`gn m ksx esa varj & Ø- y?kq m ksx o`gn m ksx 1 ;g m ksx NksVs Lrj ij gksrk gsa ;g cm+s Lrj ij gksrk gsa 2 blesa dppk eky LFkkuh; Lrj ij blesa dppk eky nwj flfkr miyc/k u gksus ij nwjlfk LFkkuksa ls LFkkuksa ds vfrfjdr fons'kksa ls eaxk;k tkrk gsa vk;kr fd;k tkrk gsa 3 blesa de iwath vksj de Je dh blesa vf/kd iwath o vf/kd Je vko';drk gksrh gsa dh vko';drk gksrh gsa 4 blesa cus gq, eky dh xq.korrk ij blesa cus gq, eky dh xq.korrk 15

16 fo'ks"k /;ku ugha fn;k tkrk gsa ij fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k tkrk gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj kuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 4 vad izkir gksaxs½ thodksiktzu d`f"k %& og d`f"k ftlesa d`"kd viuh rfkk vius ifjokj dh mnjiwfrz ds fy, Qlysa mxkrk gs mls thodksiktzu d`f"k dgrs gsa 1- d`f"k i)fr iqjkru gksrh gs ftlesa lk/kkj.k d`f"k vkstkjks dk iz;ksx gksrk gs rfkk ekuo Je dks vf/kd egro fn;k tkrk gsa 2- vf/kdre miknu ysus dk iz;kl fd;k tkrk gsa blds fy, fev~vh eas mozjrk cuk, j[kus gsrq [kk mozjdksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gsa 3- [ksr izk;% NksVs gksrs gs rfkk o"kz esa,d nks rhu pkj Qlys rd yh tkrh gsa 4- vf/kdka'k mitkå Hkwfe esa d`f"k dh tkrh gs blls ;gka pjkxkgksa dk vhkko jgrk gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 4 vad izkir gksaxs½ mrrj 11- Lost ugj dk O;kikfjd egro fueufyf[kr gs %& 1- Lost ugj ds cu tkus ls ;wjksi vksj,f'k;k ds dbz 'kgjksa dh nwfj;ksa esa deh vkus ls le;,oa /ku dh cpr gqbza 2- bl ekxz ds cu tkus ls fo'o dh rhu pksfkkbz tula[;k dks ;krk;kr dk lk/ku miyc/k gqvka 3- bl ekxz ij ty;kuksa dks i;kzir eky feyrk gsa 4- bl ekxz ds cu tkus ls lcls vf/kd Qk;nk ;g gqvk fd tgktksa dks vc výhdk dk pddj ugha yxkuk im+rk gsa 16

17 5- vurjkz"vªh; O;kikj ds fodkl esa bldk cgqr cm+k ;ksxnku gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj esa ls fdugha pkj fcunqvksa ds folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 4 vad izkir gksaxs½ iukek ugj dk O;kikfjd egro %& 1- bl ugj ds cuus ls pddjnkj nwfj;ka de gks tkrh gs ;g bldk cgqr cm+k egro gsa vfkkzr nf{k.kh vesjhdk egk}hi dk pddj [kre gks x;k gsa 2- iukek ugj ds cu tkus ls vusd ns'kksa ds O;kikj esa o`f) gqbza 3- bl ugj ds cu tkus ls la;qdr jkt; vesfjdk ls dbz izdkj ds lkeku&[kk inkfkz vkfn dk O;kikj izpqj ek=k esa gksrk gsa 4- bl ugj ds cu tkus ls la;qdr jkt; vesfjdk ds if'peh rvksa ij flfkr cunjxkgksa dh nwjh iwohz rvksa ij flfkr cunjxkgksa ls cgqr de gks xbz gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 4 vad izkir gksaxs½ mrrj 12- Hkkjr esa tu la[;k ds?kuro,oa forj.k dks izhkkfor djus okys dkjd fueufyf[kr gs %& 1- /kjkry %& lery esnkuh Hkkxksa esa tula[;k dk?kuro vf/kd ik;k tkrk gs] tcfd iozrh; vksj ibkjh Hkkxksa esa de ik;k tkrk gsa 2- tyok;q %& le rkieku dh tyok;q esa tula[;k?kuro vf/kd ik;k tkrk gs] ysfdu vf/kd xez vksj B.Mh tyok;q esa tula[;k dk?kuro de ik;k tkrk gsa 3- [kfut inkfkz %& [kfut inkfkz dh miyc/krk tula[;k ds?kuro dks c<+krh gsa 17

18 4- vks ksxhdj.k %& m ksxksa dk fodkl Hkh tula[;k?kuro esa o`f) djrk gs D;ksafd ;gka jkstxkj ds volj izkir gksrs gsa 5- o"kkz %& i;kzir o"kkz okys LFkkuksa esa tula[;k vf/kd ik;h tkrh gs] tcfd de o"kkz,oa e:fkyh; bykdksa esa cgqr de tula[;k ik;h tkrh gsa 6- d`f"k dk fodkl %& ftu {ks=ksa esa d`f"k dk fodkl vf/kd gksrk gs ogka tula[;k dk?kuro vf/kd gksrk gsa bl izdkj mijksdr dkj.kksa ds vk/kkj ij tgka ekuo vkokl dh lqfo/kk,a] vkokl] Hkkstu] ikuh] jkstxkj] thou dh lqj{kk vkfn vklkuh ls miyc/k gksrh gs ogka tula[;k dk?kuro vf/kd gksrk gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 4 vad izkir gksaxs½ Hkkjr esa tula[;k o`f) dks jksdus ds fueufyf[kr mik; gs %& 1- f'k{kk ds izlkj }kjk %& xzkeh.k yksxksa esa f'k{kk dk izpkj&izlkj fd;k tkdj vu/kfo'okl,oa vkkurk nwj dj tula[;k o`f) ij fu;a=.k fd;k tk ldrk gsa 2- fookg dh vk;q esa o`f) %& cky fookg ij iw.kz :i ls fu;a=.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,a 3- lkekftd lqj{kk dh xkjavh %& ljdkj }kjk o`)kolfkk esa lkekftd lqj{kk dh xkjavh nsuk pkfg,a 4- ifjokj dy;k.k %& bl dk;zøe dks rhozrk ls ykxw fd;k tkuk pkfg,a 5- thou Lrj Åapk mbkuk %& lekt esa izr;sd O;fDr dks thou Lrj Åapk mbkuk vko';d gsa 18

19 6- L=h f'k{kk dk izlkj %& L=h f'k{kk dk izlkj djus ij os Lo;a NksVs ifjokj ds egro dks le>sxh vksj c<+s ifjokj dk fojks/k djsxha ifj.kke Lo:i tula[;k o`f) dh nj esa deh vk;sxha ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj,oa vu; fcunqvksa dk Hkh folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 4 vad izkir gksaxs½ mrrj 13- isvªksfy;e [kfut dk Hkkjr esa izkfir ds L=ksr cgqr de gs tcfd gekjs ns'k esa isvªksfy;e dh [kir fnuksa fnu c<+ jgh gsa vr% gesa viuh vko';drk dh iwfrz ds fy, isvªksfy;e inkfkz bzjku] bzjkd] lmnh vjc] E;kekaj] b.mksusf'k;k] cgjhu] :l,oa :ekfu;k ls vk;kr djuk im+rk gsa ns'k dh jk"vªh; vk; dk,d cm+k Hkkx isvªksfy;e ds vk;kr ij [kpz djuk im+rk gsa vurzjk"vªh; Lrj ij tc isvªksfy;e dh dher esa o`f) gksrh gs rc vr;f/kd fons'kh eqnzk [kpz djuh im+rh gsa bl izdkj isvªksfy;e [kfut dh deh Hkkjr dh vfkzo;olfkk dks cgqr izhkkfor djrh gsa mijksdrkuqlkj folrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa Hkkjr izkd`frd [kfut leink dh n`f"v ls dkqh leiuu jk"vª gsa Hkkjr esa mrikfnr olrqvksa gsrq ftruk [kfut pkfg, mlls vf/kd [kfut dk [kuu gks jgk gsa mnkgj.k Lo:i yksgk] esxuht] vhkzd vkfn dk mriknu vko';drk ls vf/kd gks jgk gsa blfy, bu /kkrqvksa dks dpps eky ds :i esa fons'kksa dks fu;kzr djuk im+ jgk gsa ;s cm+s?kkvs dk lksnk gsa ftls nwj djuk vr;ar vko';d gsa Hkkjr esa fo'kky leinkvksa ds gksrs gq, Hkh rduhdh lalk/ku iwath fons'kh eqnzk,oa vk/kqfud e'khuksa dk vhkko gsa vr% Hkkjr muds nksgu] 'kks/ku,oa ;a=hdj.k esa fodflr jk"vªksa ls cgqr ihns gsa ;s fodflr ns'k Hkkjr ls 19

20 dppk eky eaxkdj muls fufezr olrqvksa ls dbz xquk ykhk dekrs gsa bl izdkj Hkkjr dks nksuksa vksj ls vkffkzd {kfr mbkuh im+rh gsa mijksdrkuqlkj folrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkir gksaxsa mrrj 14- y?kq m ksx o o`gr m ksx esa varj & Ø- y?kq m ksx o`gr m ksx 1 ;g m ksx NksVs Lrj ij gksrk gsa ;g cm+s Lrj ij gksrk gsa 2 blesa dppk eky LFkkuh; Lrj ij blesa dppk eky nwj flfkr miyc/k u gksus ij nwjlfk LFkkuksa ls LFkkuksa ds vfrfjdr fons'kksa ls eaxk;k tkrk gsa vk;kr fd;k tkrk gsa 3 blesa de iwath vksj de Je dh blesa vf/kd iwath o vf/kd Je vko';drk gksrh gsa dh vko';drk gksrh gsa 4 blesa 'kfdrpkfyr lk/kkj.k e'khuksa blesa vk/kqfud,oa Lopkfyr dk iz;ksx gksrk gsa cm+h e'khuksa dk iz;ksx gksrk gsa 5 blesa cus gq, eky dh xq.korrk ij blesa cus gq, eky dh xq.korrk fo'ks"k /;ku ugha fn;k tkrk gsa ij fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k tkrk gsa 6 mrikfnr eky ckgj ds cktkj esa mrikfnr eky fu;kzr fd;k cspk tkrk gsa tkrk gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 5 vad izkir gksaxs½ Hkkjr esa lwrh ol= m ksx dk dsunzh;dj.k eqecbz,oa vgenkckn esa gqvk gsa blds dkj.k fueufyf[kr gs %& 20

21 1- Hkkjr esa eqecbz ds vkl ikl dkyh fev~vh okyk dikl {ks= dh fudvrk,oa fdle dh dikl ds vk;kr dh lqfo/kk gsa 2- lkxjh; vknzz tyok;q izkir gsa 3- if'peh?kkv ls mrikfnr fo qr dh izkfira 4- ;gka iwath dh lqyhkrk gsa 5- izkd`frd cunjxkg ¼eqEcbZ½ gs tgka ls e'khuksa dh vk;kr dh lqfo/kk jgrh gsa vgenkckn esa dsunzhdj.k ds dkj.k %& 1- vgenkckn dikl {ks= ds e/; flfkr gsa 2- dq'ky,oa v)zdq'ky Jfed i;kzir ek=k esa miyc/k gsa 3- ty fo qr dh lqyhkrka 4- lm+d o jsy ekxksza }kjk vgenkck ns'k ds vkarfjd ekax ls tqmk gsa 5- ;gka eqecbz dh vis{kk Je o Hkwfe llrh gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 5 vad izkir gksaxs½ mrrj 15- Hkkjr ds fons'kh O;kikj dh fueufyf[kr fo'ks"krk,a gs %& 1- fons'kh O;kikj esa yxkrkj o`f) %& foxr dbz o"kksza iwoz ls ysdj vkt rd ge ns[k jgs gs fd Hkkjr ds fons'kh O;kikj esa yxkrkj o`f) gks jgh gs,oa i;kzir ewy vksj ifj.kke esa o`f) gks jgh gsa 2- leqnzh ekxksza ls O;kikj %& Hkkjr dk yxhkx 90 izfr'kr O;kikj leqnzh ekxksza ls gksrk gsa LFky ekxz,oa ok;q ekxz ls O;kikj cgqr de ek=k esa gksrk gsa 3- fu;kzr esa ijeijkxr olrqvksa dh vf/kdrk %& Hkkjr esa fu;kzr esa O;kikj esa ijeijkxr olrqvksa dh vf/kdrk jgrh gsa blesa pk;] twv dk lkeku] frygu] [kfut inkfkz] pem+k lwrh ol= vkfn egroiw.kz gsa 21

22 4- bysdvªkfud vkfn lkexzh %& Hkkjr esa foxr o"kksza esa bysdvªkfud dei;wvj] gkmzos;j rfkk lk Vos;j dk fu;kzr esa myys[kfu; o`f) dh gs lcls cm+h fo'ks"krk ;g gs fd fodflr ns'kksa dks budk fu;kzr fd;k tkrk gsa 5- vk;kr O;kikj O esa Hkkjh e'khujh dh vf/kdrk %& Hkkjr esa cm+s&cm+s m ksxksa dh LFkkiuk ds fy, e'khujh dk vk;kr c<+rk tk jgk gsa blesa e'khus] dyiqtsz vkfn lkexzh lfeefyr gsa 6- [kk kuuksa rfkk dpps eky ds vk;kr esa deh %& Hkkjr esa gfjr Økafr ds dkj.k [kk kuuksa dk vk;kr de gks x;k gsa blh izdkj dikl] ivlu ds vf/kd mriknu ds dkj.k budk vk;kr Hkh de gks x;k gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj,oa vu; fcunqvksa ij Hkh folrkj nsus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 5 vad izkir gksaxs½ d`f=e mixzg ds mi;ksx fueufyf[kr gs %& 1- d`f=e mixzg ls eksle laca/kh tkudkjh buls izsf"kr fp=ksa ds ek/;e ls izkir dh tkrh gs ftlesa eksle dh vfxze tkudkjh nh tk ldsaa 2- d`f=e mixzg ls lapkj lsok,a 'kq: dh xbza blls izlkfjr ekbøksosc lsok ls,l-vh-mh-] vkbz-,l-mh- lsok 'kq: dh xbz ftlls ns'k,oa fons'k ds fdlh Hkh Hkkx ls rrdky vkilh laidz fd;k tk ldrk gsa 3- nwj&njkt ds nqxze LFkkuksa] futzu {ks=ksa dh ok;jysl,oa ekbøksosc O;oLFkk dks mixzg lapkj ls tksm+dj 'kh?kz lkjs ns'k ls tksm+k tk ldrk gsa 4- mixzg lapkj ds }kjk jk"vªh; Lrj ij VsyhQksu] jsfm;ks] Vsyhfotu lsok ls eksle fokku vu; fofo/k izdkj ds lekpkj izlkfjr fd, tkdj ns'k dh turk dks voxr djk;k tkrk gsa 22

23 5- ns'k ds fofhkuu L=ksrks lalk/kuksa] HkwfoKku] Hkwfexr ty,oa vu; lalk/kuksa dk irk yxkus esa d`f=e mixzg dk cgqr cm+k ;ksxnku gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 5 vad izkir gksaxs½ mrrj 16- fp= fp= mrrj 17- Hkkjrh; d`f"k dh izeq[k lel;k,a fueufyf[kr gs %& 1- ekulwu vk/kkfjr d`f"k %& Hkkjr esa d`f"k eq[; :i ls ekulwu ij fuhkzj jgrh gsa ns'k dh dsoy,d frgkbz Hkkx gh flafpr gsa ekulwu dh vfu;ferrk vksj vfuf'prk ds dkj.k ns'k dh d`f"k izhkkfor gksrh gsa dhkh lw[kk vksj dhkh ck<+ dh lel;k Hkh jgrh gsa 2- Qlyksa dh fueu mrikndrk %& Hkkjr ns'k dk fole`r {ks= o"kkz ij fuhkzj gksus ds dkj.k Qlyksa dh mrikndrk ij izhkko im+rk gs vksj mriknu de gksrk gsa 23

24 3- NksVs rfkk fc[kjs gq, [ksr %& d`"kd ifjokjksa esa fglls cavokjs ds dkj.k [ksrh dh lkbt NksVh gksrh tk jgh gs vksj vyx&vyx LFkkuksa ij gksus ls muur d`f"k ugha dh tk ldrh gsa 4- vyi jkstxkj ds volj %& ekulwuh vk/kkfjr d`f"k {ks=ksa ds d`"kdksa dks o"kzhkj dk;z djus dk volj izkir ugha gksrk gsa 5- forrh; lalk/kuksa dh deh %& d`"kdksa dks _.k ysdj [ksrh djuh im+rh gsa Qly de gksus] [kjkc gksus ij os dtz ds cks> rys nc tkrs gs ;gh Øe cjlksa rd pyk jgrk gsa 6- d`f"k ;ksx; Hkwfe dh mozjrk esa deh %& orzeku esa dhvuk'kd] jlk;uksa] jklk;fud mozjdksa dk vr;f/kd ek=k esa iz;ksx fd;s tkus ds dkj.k Hkwfe dh mozjrk de gksrh tk jgh gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj djus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 6 vad izkir gksaxs½ pkoy dh Qly ds fy, vko';d HkkSxksfyd n'kk,a fueufyf[kr gs %& 1- pkoy dh Qly m".k vksj vknzz ekulwuh n'kk,a dh mit gsa 2- pkoy cksrs le; 20 0 C rfkk isnkokj c<+rs le; 24 0 C rkieku gksuk pkfg,a 3- pkoy dh Qly idrs le; rkieku yxhkx 27 0 C gksuk pkfg,a 4- pkoy dh Qly ds fy, okf"kzd o"kkz 150 lseh ls 200 lseh vko';d gsa 5- pkoy dh Qly ds fy, mitkå fpduh ;k phdk nksev fev~vh dh vko';drk gksrh gsa 6- pkoy dh Qly mriknu ds fy, Hkwfe lery gksuk pkfg, rkfd [ksrksa esa i;kzir ikuh Hkjk jg ldsa 24

25 7- llrs Jfed miyc/k gksuk pkfg, rkfd Qly cksuk] tksruk] jksiuk] dkvuk vkfn dk;z gkfk ls djuk im+rs gsa blfy,?kuh vkcknh okys izns'k esa llrs etnwj izkir gks tkrs gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj,oa vu; fcunqvksa dk Hkh folrkj djus ij iw.kz 6 vad izkir gksaxsa sa izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 6 vad izkir gksaxs½ mrrj 18- ouksa ls gksus okys ykhk fueufyf[kr gs %& 1- ydm+h dh izkfir %& ouksa ls gesa bekjrh ydm+h,oa O;kikfjd egro dh ydm+h izkir gksrh gs buesa lky] lkxksu] 'kh'ke] punu] vke] uhe] ihiy] nsonkj vkfn egroiw.kz o`{k gsa 2- bza/ku dh izkfir %& izkphu le; ls ysdj foxr dqn o"kkz iwoz rd ydm+h gh,dek= lk/ku Fkk vksj vkt Hkh xzkeh.k cflr;ksa esa [kkuk idkus vkfn esa taxy dh lw[kh ydfm+;ksa dk i;kzir mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gsa 3- vks"kf/k;ksa dh izkfir %& ouksa esa dbz izdkj dh nqyzhk tm+h cwfv;ka ik;h tkrh gs vksj dbz izdkj ds jksxksa ds mipkj esa bugsa dke esa yk;k tkrk gsa vk;qoszn esa buds iz;ksx laca/kh folrkj ls tkudkjh nh xbz gsa 4- ck<+ ij jksd %& igkm+h <+kyksa vksj esnkuh Hkkxksa esa?kus taxy gksus ls ck<+ vkus esa jksd gksrh gsa 5- nqfhkz{k ij jksd %& ouksa ls lcls cm+k vizr;{k ykhk ;g gs fd veky ;k nqfhkz{k ij jksd yxrh gs vksj turk esa bldk H; de gks tkrk gsa 6- fev~vh ds dvko dh jksd %& ism+ksa dk lcls cm+k egro ;g gs fd ;s fev~vh ds dvko dks jksdrs gs vksj ism+ksa dh tm+s fev~vh ds d.kksa dks Fkkes jgrh gsa bl dkj.k ou fev~vh ds dvko dks jksdu esa lgk;d gksrs gsa ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj,oa vu; fcunqvksa ij Hkh folrkj nsus ij izr;sd fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 6 vad izkir gksaxs½ 25

26 ou laj{k.k ds mik; laf{kir o.kzu ds lkfk fueufyf[kr gs %& 1- ouksa ds fouk'k ij jksd %& ouksa dh fu;fer ns[khkky gksuk pkfg,a o`{kks dk?kuro {ks=okj gksuk pkfg,a o`{kksa dh dvkbz ds lkfk&lkfk o`{kkjksi.k vf/kd ek=k esa gksuk pkfg,a vfxu'keu ;a=ksa dks ouksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, izf'kf{kr dezpkfj;ksa lfgr j[kuk pkfg,a 2- ifjogu ds ekxksza dk fodkl %& ouksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, ou {ks=ksa esa lm+dksa rfkk lapkj ds lk/kuksa dk fodkl vko';d gs rkfd ouksa dh Hkyh izdkj ls ns[khkky dh tk ldrh gs,oa ouksa dk fodkl Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gsa 3- okfudh fodkl f %& ijeijkxr okfudh ds vykok,slh le; dh uohu vko';drkvksa ds vuq:i [ksr okfudh] folrkj okfudh] j{kk iafdr okfudh vkfn ds fodkl ij tksj fn;k tkuk pkfg,a 4- ouksa dks vkx ls cpkuk %& ouksa esa vfxu 'kkeu ds fy, vko';d midj.k rfkk izf'kf{kr dezpkfj;ksa dks rs;kj fd;k tkuk pkfg,a 5- ou laj{k.k ds izfr yksxksa esa psruk tkx`r djuk %& izkphu dky esa ouksa dks vr;kf/kd egro fn;k tkrk jgk gsa vfxu iqjk.k esa dgk x;k gs fd,d o`{k nl iq=ksa ds cjkcj gksrk gsa yksxksa esa oulaj{k.k ds izfr tkx:drk isnk djus dk iz;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,a ¼mijksDrkuqlkj folrkj,oa vu; fcunqvksa ij Hkh folrkj nsus ij iq.kz fcunq ij 1 vad,oa iw.kz ij 6 vad izkir gksaxs½ & & & & & 26