Heating period features in Ukraine till the middle of the 21st century based on ensemble and individual RCM projections

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1 Heating period features in Ukraine till the middle of the 21st century based on ensemble and individual RCM projections Svitlana Krakovska 1, N. Gnatiuk 1,2, T. Shpytal 1, L. Palamarchuk 1,3 1 Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine, krasvit@ua.fm 2 Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia 3 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

2 Purpose Purpose : Extend abilities of using climatic data for planning energy sector development (impact study) Develop methodology of using regional climate models (RCM) for calculation specialized climatic characteristics Calculate possible changes of the heating period duration and its average temperatures to the middle of the 21 st century for the whole territory of Ukraine, its regions and administrative centers 2

3 Materials and Methods Specialized climatic characteristics (indices) to estimate energy consumption Data used : Duration of the period with air temperature Т 8 ºС (from September to May); The average temperature of heating period; The temperature of the coldest 5-day period; The average temperature of the 5 the coldest 5-day periods during the 10 years; The temperature of the warmest 5-day period. RCM s outputs from the European Project FP-6 ENSEMBLES, for А1В emission scenario ( surface air temperature from E-Obs database gridded observational data (Hofstra N. et al., 2009); Ukrainian national standard «Building climatology»,

4 Materials and Methods Regions: the whole territory of the country separately for 5 selected regions (North, South, West, East and Centre) for the 25 administrative centers Periods (two approaches): 10-years periods from 2001 to 20 ( for model verification and reference) 30-years periods: , and

5 The temperature of the coldest 5-day period (RCM RЕМО) W C E S N - North, W - West, C - Centre, E - East, S - South 5

6 The average temperature of 5 the coldest 5-days periods (RCM RЕМО) 0 Тº EOBS ( ) Північ -16,5-19,8-17,6-17,0-11,9-14,5 W C E S Захід -15,5-17,1-15,4-13,2-9,9-11,8 Центр -15,7-17,1-15,1-13,4-9,3-10,8 Схід -16,9-20,3-19,4-17,2-12,5-13,9 Південь -12,7-11,1-10,4-7,4-4,4-5,3 N - North, W - West, C - Centre, E - East, S - South 6

7 The average temperature of the period with Т< 8 ºС (from September to May) (RCM RЕМО) 4 Тº EOBS ( ) Північ -0,5-1,6-1,0-0,7 0,5 0,4 W C E S Захід 0,0-0,3 0,0 0,3 1,2 1,2 Центр -0,2-0,6 0,0 0,1 1,3 1,4 Схід -0,5-1,7-1,0-0,7 0,6 0,6 Південь 1,1 1,5 1,9 2,2 3,1 3,2 N - North, W - West, C - Centre, E - East, S - South 7

8 The duration of the period with Т < 8º C (from September to May) (RCM RЕМО) Дні EOBS ( ) Північ W C E S Захід Центр Схід Південь N - North, W - West, C - Centre, E - East, S - South 8

9 The temperature of the hottest 5-day period (RCM RЕМО) Тº EOBS ( ) Північ 29,0 28,0 26,8 27,5 31,9 26,5 W C E S Захід 26,2 25,7 26,0 27,0 29,0 26,8 Центр 29,3 29,9 29,2 29,0 34,0 28,5 Схід 30,0 29,6 30,0 30,7 33,7 28,8 Південь 29,5 29,5 30,1 29,6 33,6 30,0 N - North, W - West, C - Centre, E - East, S - South 9

10 Air temperature The difference between 10 RCM ensemble and E-Obs ( ) mean value: -0,07 С 53 Різниця між проекцією на ансамбля з 10РКМ та E-Obs, грс середнє значення: -0,07 ос 51 Широта, град to to to 0 0 to to to to to Довгота, град. 10

11 The duration of the period with Т < 8º C ( ) North West Centre East South Ukr 11

12 Mean temperature of the period with Т< 8 ºС ( ) 2,5 ТºС 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0-0,5-1,0-1,5-2,0-2,5 Results 1,5-0,4-0,4-0,6-1,5-1,7 North West Centre East South all Північ Захід Центр Схід Південь Україна EOBS -0,5 0,0-0,2-0,5 1,0 0,0 Max_10 0,8 1,2 1,1-0,1 2,3 1,2 Min_10-2,1-0,8-1,0-1,7 1,0-0,8 REMO -1,5-0,4-0,6-1,7 1,5-0,4 ENS_10RCM -0,8 0,0-0,2-0,9 1,4 0,0 12

13 E-Obs Results Mean temperature of the heating period ( ) ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -2 до -1.5 від -1.5 до -1 від -1 до -0.5 від -0.5 до 0 від 0 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 1 від 1 до 1.5 від 1.5 до 2 від 2 до 2.5 від 2.5 до 3 від 3 до 4 від 4 до RCM ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -2 до -1.5 від -1.5 до -1 від -1 до -0.5 від -0.5 до 0 від 0 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 1 від 1 до 1.5 від 1.5 до 2 від 2 до 2.5 від 2.5 до 3 від 3 до 4 від 4 до

14 E-Obs 10 RCM Results Mean temperature of the heating period ( ) ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -2 до -1.5 від -1.5 до -1 від -1 до -0.5 від -0.5 до 0 від 0 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 1 від 1 до 1.5 від 1.5 до 2 від 2 до 2.5 від 2.5 до 3 від 3 до 4 від 4 до 4.5 ТЕМПЕРАТУРА E-Obs 10RCM від -2 до -1.5 від -1.5 до -1 від -1 до від -0.5 до 0 від 0 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 1 28 від 1 до від 1.5 до Довгота, 2 гр. від 2 до 2.5 від 2.5 до 3 від 3 до 4 від 4 до 4.5 ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -2 до -1.5 від -1.5 до -1.2 від -1.2 до -1 від -1 до -0.8 від -0.8 до -0.6 від -0.6 до -0.4 від -0.4 до -0.2 від -0.2 до 0 від 0 до 0.2 від 0.2 до 0.4 від 0.4 до 0.6 від 0.6 до 0.8 The averaged difference -0,19 о С 14

15 The duration of the heating period ( ) E-Obs days ДНІ від 105 до 120 від 120 до 130 від 130 до 140 від 140 до 145 від 145 до 1 від 1 до 155 від 155 до 160 від 160 до 165 від 165 до 170 від 170 до 175 від 175 до 180 від 180 до 195 від 195 до RCM days ДНІ від 105 до 120 від 120 до 130 від 130 до 140 від 140 до 145 від 145 до 1 від 1 до 155 від 155 до 160 від 160 до 165 від 165 до 170 від 170 до 175 від 175 до 180 від 180 до

16 E-Obs Results The duration of the heating period ( ) E-Obs 10RCM 10 RCM від 180 до 196 The averaged difference +1,6 days days ДНІ від 105 до 120 від 120 до 130 від 130 до 140 від 140 до 145 від 145 до 1 від 1 до 155 від 155 до 160 від 160 до 165 від 165 до 170 від 170 до 175 від 175 до 180 від 180 до 195 від 195 до 216 ДНІ від 105 до 120 від 120 до 130 від 130 до 140 від 140 до 145 від 145 до 1 від 1 до від до від 160 до 165 від 165 до 170 від 170 до 175 від 175 до 180 days ДНІ від -16 до -12 від -12 до -8 від -8 до -4 від -4 до 0 від 0 до 4 від 4 до 8 від 8 до 12 від 12 до 16 від 16 до 20 від 20 до 24 від 24 до 27 16

17 ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -0.5 до -0.2 від -0.2 до 0 від 0 до 0.1 від 0.1 до 0.2 від 0.2 до 0.3 від 0.3 до 0.4 від 0.4 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 0.6 від 0.6 до 0.7 від 0.7 до 0.8 від 0.8 до 1 від 1 до 1.3 Mean temperature changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble days ДНІ від -18 до -15 від -15 до -12 від -12 до -9 від -9 до -6 від -6 до -3 від -3 до 0 від 0 до 3 від 3 до 6 від 6 до 9 від 9 до 12 від 12 до 20 Heating period duration changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble 17

18 ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -0.5 до -0.2 від -0.2 до 0 від 0 до 0.1 від 0.1 до 0.2 від 0.2 до 0.3 від 0.3 до 0.4 від 0.4 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 0.6 від 0.6 до 0.7 від 0.7 до 0.8 від 0.8 до 1 від 1 до 1.3 Mean temperature changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble days ДНІ від -18 до -15 від -15 до -12 від -12 до -9 від -9 до -6 від -6 до -3 від -3 до 0 від 0 до 3 від 3 до 6 від 6 до 9 від 9 до 12 від 12 до 20 Heating period duration changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble 18

19 ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -0.5 до -0.2 від -0.2 до 0 від 0 до 0.1 від 0.1 до 0.2 від 0.2 до 0.3 від 0.3 до 0.4 від 0.4 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 0.6 від 0.6 до 0.7 від 0.7 до 0.8 від 0.8 до 1 від 1 до 1.3 days ДНІ від -18 до -15 від -15 до -12 від -12 до -9 від -9 до -6 від -6 до -3 від -3 до 0 від 0 до 3 від 3 до 6 від 6 до 9 від 9 до 12 від 12 до 15 Mean temperature changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble Heating period duration changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble 19

20 ТЕМПЕРАТУРА temperature від -0.5 до -0.2 від -0.2 до 0 від 0 до 0.1 від 0.1 до 0.2 від 0.2 до 0.3 від 0.3 до 0.4 від 0.4 до 0.5 від 0.5 до 0.6 від 0.6 до 0.7 від 0.7 до 0.8 від 0.8 до 1 від 1 до 1.3 days ДНІ від -18 до -15 від -15 до -12 від -12 до -9 від -9 до -6 від -6 до -3 від -3 до 0 від 0 до 3 від 3 до 6 від 6 до 9 від 9 до 12 від 12 до 15 Mean temperature changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble Heating period duration changes between and based on 10 RCMs ensemble 20

21 Days Житомир Киев Сумы Чернигов Донецк Луганск Харьков Results Present and projected duration of the heating period for the administrative centers of northern and eastern regions of Ukraine Zhytomyr Kyiv Sumy Chernihiv Donetsk Luhansk Kharkiv Eobs 1990 Eobs 2010 Standart Mod 1990 Mod 2010 Eobs RCM The specified methodology included calculations by the ensemble with 6 RCM from the European project FP-6 ENSEMBLES 1. REMO-ECHAM5 2. RCA3-ECHAM5 3. RegCM3-ECHAM5 4. RACMO2-ECHAM5 5. RM5.1 (Aladin)-ARPEGE 6. HIRHAM-BCM and using additive method (adding projected changes To the present E-Obs data) 23

22 Days ИІвано- Франковск 169 Present and predictive duration of the heating period for the administrative centers of western regions of Ukraine Ivano- Lutsk Lviv Rivne Ternopil Uzhhorod Khmelnytskyy Chernivtsi Frankivsk Луцк Львов Ровно Тернополь Ужгород Хмельницкй Черновцы Eobs Eobs Standart Mod Mod Eobs+ RCM The specified methodology included calculations by the ensemble with 6 RCMs from the European project FP-6 ENSEMBLES 1. REMO-ECHAM5 2. RCA3-ECHAM5 3. RegCM3-ECHAM5 4. RACMO2-ECHAM5 5. RM5.1 (Aladin)-ARPEGE 6. HIRHAM-BCM and using additive method (summing of predictive Changes and the present E-Obs data) 24

23 Present and predictive duration of the heating period for the administrative centers of southern and central Ukrainian regions Days Винница Днепроп. Кировоград Полтава Черкассы Запорожье Николаев Одесса Симфероп. Херсон Vinnytsya Dnipropetr. Kirovohrad Poltava Cherkasy Zaporizhzhya Nikolayev Odesa Simferopol Kherson Eobs Eobs Standart Mod Mod Eobs+ RCM The specified methodology included calculations by the ensemble with 6 RCMs from the European project FP-6 ENSEMBLES 1. REMO-ECHAM5 2. RCA3-ECHAM5 3. RegCM3-ECHAM5 4. RACMO2-ECHAM5 5. RM5.1 (Aladin)-ARPEGE 6. HIRHAM-BCM and using additive method (summing of predictive Changes and the present E-Obs data) 25

24 Conclusions and discussion Conclusions The expected temperature increase to the mid-21 st century certainly lead to changes of the heating period duration in the Ukrainian regions. The heating period will reduced over all territory in based on 6 RCM ensemble. Minimum reducing - 10 days (Ivano-Frankivsk, Lutsk, Nikolaev); maximum reducing - 23 days (Chernigiv) and 22 days (Odesa). 10 RCM ensemble projection shows not essential decrease of mean temperature (-0,16 о С) and extension of the heating period duration (+8 days) in The opposite temperature trends are expected on north-west ( ) and for the heating period duration on south (only in ). Temperature increasing is expected over all territory of Ukraine (with max on north, Carpathian mountains and east (> +1 о С)) in (in reference to ). The heating period duration will decrease from 5 days to more then 14 days (south region), except of the Carpathian mountains 26

25 Thank you for your attention!

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