Cumulative Costs Assessment (CCA) of the EU Glass industry. 32 nd Şişecam Glass Symposium - Istanbul, 23 October 2017
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1 Cumulative Costs Assessment (CCA) of the EU Glass industry 32 nd Şişecam Glass Symposium - Istanbul, 23 October 2017
2 2 Outline of the presentation Scope Trends ( ) Typical Year (2015) Energy legislation Environment (Industrial Emissions Directive)
3 CCA of the EU glass industry: Scope
4 4 CCA: Rationale and scope Cumulative cost assessment: what are the costs of the EU acquis for a given industry? Identifying, assessing and, where possible, quantifying the cumulative costs generated by selected areas of EU legislation on a given industrial sector Evaluating the impact of regulatory costs on the cost structure and profitability of a typical company operating in a given industrial sector Key features No benefits, all about regulatory costs Several legislative acts Ex post perspective (e.g ) Single industry Sectoral competitiveness (cost competitiveness, international competitiveness)
5 5 Areas of EU legislation 1. Internal Market: Internal Market for chemicals (mainly REACH), Measuring Instruments Directive (only for Glass Tableware) 2. Energy legislation: Electricity (Internal Energy Market, Renewable Energy, Energy Taxation), Gas (Internal Energy Market, Energy Taxation), Energy efficiency 3. Climate legislation (EU ETS, Verification, Monitoring and Reporting of greenhouse emissions) 4. Environmental legislation: Industrial Emissions (IPPC/IED), Waste (Waste Framework Directive and Landfill of Waste), Packaging and packaging waste 5. Workers and workplace safety legislation: General workers health and safety and workplace safety, special workers health and safety (noise, electromagnetic fields, artificial optical radiation, chemical agents) 6. Consumers and health legislation (GPSD, Contact with food)
6 6 Composition of the sample Packaging glass Glass tableware Southern Europe 10 Central Eastern Europe 6 Northern Western Europe 10 Total 26 (21)* 5 Note: *Five respondents manufacture special products and cannot be considered as typical plants, hence, their data have not been used to assess regulatory costs. 5
7 Turnover of sampled plants out of total value of production sold by EU producers (%) 7 Hollow Glass Packaging** 12.9* 14.0* 13.4* 14.4* 14.7* 15.2* Hollow Glass - Tableware 70.6*** Note: * Missing data for one plant over the period and for another plant over the period **Turnover based on a sample of 21 plants used to assess regulatory costs. ***For 2006, the higher value is due to lack of data from PRODCOM for the product Other drinking glasses ( ). Hollow Glass Packaging includes the NACE Rev. 2 categories /20/30/40/50/60/80. Hollow Glass Tableware includes the NACE Rev. 2 categories /40/60 and /90.
8 CCA of the EU glass industry: Trends ( )
9 Packaging glass: Cumulative costs by category of regulatory costs ( /tonne) AB SCC DC IC
10 Packaging glass: Cumulative costs versus production costs ( /tonne) Production costs Regulatory costs
11 Packaging glass: Cumulative costs versus margins ( /tonne) EBITDA Regulatory costs EBIT Regulatory costs
12 Glass tableware: Cumulative costs by category of regulatory costs ( /tonne) AB SCC DC IC
13 Glass tableware: Cumulative costs versus production costs ( /tonne) 13 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, Production costs 1,408 1,351 1,451 1,559 1,632 1,659 1,663 1,581 1,398 1,445 Regulatory costs
14 Glass tableware: Cumulative costs versus EBITDA ( /tonne) EBITDA Regulatory costs
15 CCA of the EU glass industry: Typical year (2015)
16 Packaging glass: Regulatory costs by area of legislation and comparison with KPI (2015, /tonne) 16 Electricity Production Cost Gas Climate 9% 6% 28% Environment 10% Waste Worker safety, general Other 19% 18% 9% Regulatory Cost 12.3 EBITDA 83.9 EBIT 52.0
17 Glass tableware: Regulatory costs by area of legislation and comparison with KPI (2015, /tonne) 17 Electricity Gas Climate 7% 4% 17% Production Cost 1,445.1 Environment Waste 6% 12% 12% Worker safety, general Measuring Instrument Directive Other 20% 22% Regulatory Cost 33.2 EBITDA (2014) EBITDA (2015) - 3.1
18 CCA of the EU glass industry: Energy legislation
19 Packaging glass: Impact of energy costs on production costs ( /tonne) EU average Other costs Gas Electricity
20 20 Packaging glass: Electricity intensity (MWh/tonne) EU weighted average
21 21 Packaging glass: Electricity prices ( /MWh) Other taxes, fees, levies and charges (excl. VAT) 0 EU average Renewable support Network costs Energy supply costs
22 Packaging glass: Electricity - EU regulatory costs ( /tonne) IC DC
23 Gas Intensity (MWh/tonne) 23 Packaging glass: Gas intensity (MWh/tonne) EU (boxplot) EU weighted average
24 24 Packaging glass: Gas prices ( /MWh) Other taxes, fees, levies and charges (excl. VAT) Network costs Energy supply costs
25 Packaging glass: Gas - EU regulatory costs ( /tonne) IC DC
26 Glass tableware: Impact of energy costs on production costs ( /tonne) EU average Other costs Gas Electricity
27 27 Glass tableware: Electricity intensity (MWh/tonne) EU weighted average
28 per MWh 28 Glass Tableware: Electricity prices ( /MWh) Other taxes, fees, levies and charges (excl. VAT) EU average Renewable support Network costs Energy supply costs
29 Glass tableware: Electricity - EU regulatory costs ( /tonne) IC DC
30 Gas Intensity (MWh/tonne) 30 Glass tableware: Gas intensity (MWh/tonne) EU weighted average
31 per MWh 31 Glass tableware: Gas prices ( /MWh) Other taxes, fees, levies and charges (excl. VAT) EU average Network costs Energy supply costs
32 Glass tableware: Gas - EU regulatory costs ( /tonne) IC DC
33 CCA of the EU glass industry: Environmental legislation (IED)
34 34 Hollow glass: EU regulatory costs ( /tonne) Direct regulatory costs Administrative burdens Substantive compliance costs Packaging glass Glass tableware Direct charges 0 0 Indirect regulatory costs 0 0 Total regulatory costs
35 Felice Simonelli, PhD Research Fellow CEPS Thank you for your attention. CEPS_thinktank
36 Back-up slides
37 CCA of the EU glass industry: Climate legislation
38 38 Packaging glass: EU regulatory costs ( /tonne) AB SCC DC IC
39 39 Glass tableware: EU regulatory costs ( /tonne) AB SCC DC IC (pass on=1) AB SCC DC IC (pass on=1)
40 CCA of the EU glass industry: International comparison
41 Packaging glass: International comparison ( /tonne) PRODUCTION COSTS EBITDA EBIT EU CEE SE NWE NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES Data for neighbouring countries are based on a total of six observations from: Algeria Russia Switzerland Turkey Ukraine ELECTRICITY COST GAS COST EU CEE SE NWE NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES
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