Small footprint, high performance

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Smll footprint, high performnce Design of n ir-insulted switchger susttion sed on new technology Lei Jing, Hns-Erik Olovsson, Jinzhong Fn, Richrd Thoms As cities grow, so does their hunger for

1 Smll footprint, high performnce Design of n ir-insulted switchger susttion sed on new technology Lei Jing, Hns-Erik Olovsson, Jinzhong Fn, Richrd Thoms As cities grow, so does their hunger for electricl power. To chieve the necessry ulk trnsmission, the highest voltge level of city s power supply is continuously chnging: from 110 kv to 220 kv, even reching 500 kv in some meg-cities in Chin nd other countries. This clls for extr-high-voltge (EHV) susttions to ct s lod hus in the city. However, such developments led to conflict etween susttion footprint nd power requirement. In generl, the higher the voltge level, the more power susttion hndles nd the lrger the re it needs. Such demnds, however, conflict with typicl limittions tht re prevlent in city res. The shortge of lnd is the most importnt mong these nd the huge investment cost is lso very serious chllenge. Furthermore, s n energy distriution center for very mny people, such susttion must perform with high reliility nd vilility. All this underpins the cse for compct susttion, feturing reduced customer costs nd smller footprint while mintining high vilility. 38

2 Tody s technology is mking these ojectives ttinle. Firstly, new primry equipment permits drstic reduction in the footprint re. A revolution in circuit-reker design led y ABB is llowing switchger configurtion or even integrtion to e redefined, decresing costs oth in terms of lnd cquisition nd equipment cost. Secondly, innovtive opticl sensors re replcing the trditionl expensive nd lrge current trnsformers (CT). These non-trditionl CTs re so smll tht they cn e esily integrted with the reker in the sme circuit. Thirdly, the use of such sensors is n integrl spect of digitl susttion. This not only enhnces susttion performnce, ut lso sves on investment, eg, cles for secondry instrument trnsformer circuits nd for the control of circuit rekers, disconnectors, nd erthing switches. In n urn susttion, the key fctor is lnd-relted cost. Trditionl ir-insulted susttions Utilities must meet huge construction nd instlltion costs when investing in susttion. Oviously, primry equipment, such s trnsformers nd circuit rekers, re very expensive, especilly when these re for extr high voltges. Further, the susttion utomtion system (SAS) is itself cost- ly to instll, not only ecuse of the lrge numers of intelligent electronic devices (IED) nd computers, ut due to the extensive cling for mesurement nd control. However, in n urn susttion, the key fctor is lnd-relted cost. The purchse is n integrl prt of this process, ut is only the lst step. Unlike generl commodities, lnd cnnot e otined with money lone. Sfety, environment, nd noise re ll fctors to e considered in the pprovl of susttion. The smller the plot of lnd, the less impct susttion hs on its surroundings. 1 shows the single-line digrm (SLD) of 500 kv susttion [1]. In this susttion, there re six 500 kv dimeters (1½ circuit reker scheme) nd twelve 220 kv doule r ys. In this susttion, ll primry equipment is so lrge tht often n re of 60,000 m 2 is used 2. Oviously, it is difficult to find suitle loction for such n instlltion in the city. The fst-incresing power demnd, however, mkes such susttions indispensle. Plns of the Beijing electric power compny see 500 kv doule-ring network round the city eing completed in This will feture 10 susttions (ech for 500 kv nd 2600 MW). These include four lod-hu susttions locted in the city center. The demnd for nd vlue of lnd is so high, tht ny compct susttion solution ecomes ttrctive. One ovious pproch is to use gsinsulted switchger (GIS), which would occupy only 30,000 m 2 for the sme SLD s in 1 [1]. This will, however, e more costly thn ir-insulted susttions. According to Chin Stte Grid [1], GIS susttion requires round 40 percent higher investment. Therefore, n lterntive for the trditionl ir-insulted switchger (AIS) susttion, with less footprint nd customer cost is required. Sfety, environment, nd noise re ll fctors to e considered in the pprovl of susttion. The technology solution Applying new technologies, ABB cn design AIS susttions with reduced instlltion cost nd smller footprint. New circuit reker A section view of 500 kv y is shown in 3. The digrm shows tht the disconnectors tke up most of the spce s ech circuit reker needs two disconnectors for sfe isoltion. With the modern nd well proven SF 6 circuit rekers (CB) of the self lst 1 Single line digrm (SLD) of typicl 500 kv susttion 2 Lyout of typicl 500 kv susttion using ir-insulted switchger (AIS) 39

3 Section view of 500 kv 1½ dimeter nd/or puffer type, ABB now cn offer n lterntive tht provides opportunities to oth simplify susttions nd sve spce.

There re no dditionl contcts or other components for the disconnecting function in the SF 6 reking chmer.

on djcent prts of the switchger or network cn e crried out.

Disconnecting CB requirements re specified in the IEC stndrd 62271-108 4.

lterntive tht provides opportunities to oth simplify susttions nd sve spce.

3 3 Section view of 500 kv 1½ dimeter nd/or puffer type, ABB now cn offer n lterntive tht provides opportunities to oth simplify susttions nd sve spce. A new disconnecting circuit reker (DCB), nmed Comined, hs een developed nd mnufctured [2]. The disconnection function for Comined is integrted in the reking chmer. There re no dditionl contcts or other components for the disconnecting function in the SF 6 reking chmer. When the circuit reker contcts re in the open position, they cn e mechniclly locked in the open position, fulfilling the disconnecting function requirement nd mintennce on djcent prts of the switchger or network cn e crried out. Further, eliminting the ir-exposed disconnector contcts lso provides for lower mintennce nd higher switchger reliility. Disconnecting CB requirements re specified in the IEC stndrd Disconnecting circuit rekers with two nd one reking chmer With the modern nd well proven SF 6 circuit rekers of the self lst nd/or puffer type, ABB now cn offer n lterntive tht provides opportunities to oth simplify susttions nd sve spce. DCBs cn sve not only equipment cost, ut lso reduce the footprint nd relted construction costs while incresing vilility. A lyout comprison etween conventionl nd Comined 145 kv sed switchyrds is shown in 5. Innovtive sensors Besides the disconnector, the trditionl CT (current trnsformer) lso occupies lot of spce in 3. However, new sensing technology mkes the lterntive solution possile. 5 Spce requirement of 145 kv susttion (trditionl) compred to the sme functionlity chieved with the Comined reker 77 m 54 m 50 m Disconnecting fcility, to e used in cse of mintennce or filure of DCB 49 m Disconnecting Circuit Breker 40

Retrder FOCS Controller Interfces y x Current conductor ABB PowerLINK PRFIBUS DP Anlog outputs Δφ F Currentdepending phse shift Sensing Fier Sensor fier cle c d Innovtive sensors re eginning to

4 6 ABB FOCS mesuring principle, instlltion, two conventionl Hll effect dc current trnsducers for 400 ka c nd the mesurement coil d. y Orthogonl liner x light wves Left nd right circulr light wves Sensor electronics Control cuicle (optionl) Sensor hed Current crrying rs Light source, detector, signl processor Opticl Fier Mirror Retrder FOCS Controller Interfces y x Current conductor ABB PowerLINK PRFIBUS DP Anlog outputs Δφ F Currentdepending phse shift Sensing Fier Sensor fier cle c d Innovtive sensors re eginning to replce regulr CT in recent yers. Fier-optic current sensors (FOCS) present n excellent lterntive [3]. Using the Frdy Effect, FOCS cn esily mesure the current with fier optic loop plced round the conductor. The resulting simple instlltion is shown in 6. Another enefit is the smller footprint compred to the lrge electromgnetic CT. Additionlly, in respect to digitl signl processing, FOCS cn interfce with process-level devices in susttion utomtion system (SAS). Consequently, the IEC process (-9-2) concept cn e implemented, reducing need of secondry cling nd simplifying construction nd commissioning work. IEC ppliction As mentioned ove, FOCS cn trnsfer ll mesured vlues in digitl formt.thus, if FOCS is pplied with n IEC comptile merging Moreover, the use of DCB not only permits the disconnector to e eliminted, ut lso llows the r topo logy to e improved. Since the mintennce intervl for Comined DCB is 15 yers, the replcement of doule y sectionlized single unit, the digitl vlues cn e trnsmitted to y level IEDs vi the fier optic network, replcing the lrge mount of copper cles. Figure 7 represents the technicl evolution of SA from Process (ottom ) up to NCC (top) from conventionl (left) to intelligent (right). Figure 7 shows the rchitecture of IEC sed SAS, which is the concrete implementtion of the intelligent system in Figure 7. For three-phse power line, t lest three groups of mesuring cles re eliminted with the intelligent system. Furthermore, s there is no mgnetic sturtion in FOCS, one set of FOCS cn e used for oth monitoring nd protection, or even metering. In this wy, further cling cn e sved. Moreover, if n intelligent reker IED, comptile to IEC , is designed nd emedded in the circuit reker, the control will use the sme fier-optic network with current nd voltge sensing function. The control cle is then lso replced y the network, resulting in more relile nd cost optimized SA system. Lyout reconfigurtion nd optimiztion Bsed on the new technologies ove, the susttion footprint cn e reduced y more thn 50 percent, while t the sme time incresing its vilility nd reliility. Using the Frdy Effect, FOCS cn esily mesure the current with fier optic loop plced round the conductor. 41

7 Digitl susttion configurtion SAS evolution IEC 61850 sed SAS Technology Overview conventionl modern modern intelligent intelligent (retrofit) (retrofit) Network level level By level Intery Intery

5 7 Digitl susttion configurtion SAS evolution IEC sed SAS Technology Overview conventionl modern modern intelligent intelligent (retrofit) (retrofit) Network level level By level Intery Intery SCADA EMS DMS computer nd HMI 380 kv Cigre 2008 ABB Susttion Automtion IEC61850 sed SA-System gtewy MicroSCADA 560 REL670 REC670 IEC kv REF615 Process level Process By control IEC By protection MUP feeder terminl 8 Trditionl switchger lyout with disconnectors nd circuit rekers 9 Switchger with disconnecting circuit rekers (DCB) 132 kv 132 kv r system is justified without vilility eing compromised. Compring the lyouts in 8 nd 9, it cn e seen how r nd relted disconnectors re eliminted, simplifying the lyout. The use of comined disconnecting circuit reker s primry equipment opens the opportunity for gretly improved efficiency in susttion construction, opertion nd lyout. Switching hed An ir insulted susttion cn e designed to e more relile nd cost efficient y introducing new equipment nd technologies. The use of comined disconnecting circuit reker s primry equipment opens the opportunity for gretly improved efficiency in susttion construction, opertion nd lyout. The innovtive current sensor together with n intelligent interfce enles the implementtion of the IEC sed process protocol. Lei Jing ABB Corporte Reserch Beijing, Chin lei.jing@cn..com Hns-Erik Olovsson ABB Power Systems Västerås, Sweden hns-erik.olovsson@se..com Jinzhong Fn ABB Power Systems, HVDC Beijing, Chin john-jinzhong.fn@cn..com Richrd Thoms ABB Power Products Ludvik, Sweden richrd.thoms@se..com In ddition, ecuse FOCS nd n intelligent interfce re used, the cle nd relted uxiliries cn e done wy with, resulting in much simplified control setup nd simplifying connections to the primry equipment. References [1] 500 kv Susttion Typicl Design, Chin Stte Grid [2] DCB Buyers nd Appliction Guide, ABB [3] Bohnert, K., Guggench, P. A revolution in high dc current mesurement. 1/2005,

Specifiable Features. Compatible with all UL 1686 listed plugs and receptacles. Type P Cable. Lockout Compliant. PowerMate Features and Benefits

Specifiable Features. Compatible with all UL 1686 listed plugs and receptacles. Type P Cable. Lockout Compliant. PowerMate Features and Benefits PowerMte Fetures nd Benefits Type P Cle Lockout Complint Specifile Fetures Lockout Plug Sfety Insultor Dimond Clmp Split Pin Contcts Type P Cle Comptile with ll UL 686 listed plugs nd receptcles. 2 3 4