fgunh ICSE Analysis of Pupil Performance Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations Research Development and Consultancy Division

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1 Analysis of Pupil Performance ICSE fgunh Research Development and Consultancy Division Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations New Delhi

2 Year 2017 Published by: Research Development and Consultancy Division (RDCD) Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations Plot No , Sector VI Pushp Vihar, Saket New Delhi Tel: (011) /33/37 Copyright, Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations All rights reserved. The copyright to this publication and any part thereof solely vests in the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations. This publication and no part thereof may be reproduced, transmitted, distributed or stored in any manner whatsoever, without the prior written approval of the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.

3 FOREWORD This document of the Analysis of Pupils Performance at the ISC Year 12 and ICSE Year 10 Examination is one of its kind. It has grown and evolved over the years to provide feedback to schools in terms of the strengths and weaknesses of the candidates in handling the examinations. We commend the work of Mrs. Shilpi Gupta (Deputy Head) and the Research Development and Consultancy Division (RDCD) of the Council who have painstakingly prepared this analysis. We are grateful to the examiners who have contributed through their comments on the performance of the candidates under examination as well as for their suggestions to teachers and students for the effective transaction of the syllabus. We hope the schools will find this document useful. We invite comments from schools on its utility and quality. November 2017 Gerry Arathoon Chief Executive & Secretary i

4 PREFACE The Council has been involved in the preparation of the ICSE and ISC Analysis of Pupil Performance documents since the year Over these years, these documents have facilitated the teaching-learning process by providing subject/ paper wise feedback to teachers regarding performance of students at the ICSE and ISC Examinations. With the aim of ensuring wider accessibility to all stakeholders, from the year 2014, the ICSE and the ISC documents have been made available on the Council s website The document includes a detailed qualitative analysis of the performance of students in different subjects which comprises of examiners comments on common errors made by candidates, topics found difficult or confusing, marking scheme for each answer and suggestions for teachers/ candidates. In addition to a detailed qualitative analysis, the Analysis of Pupil Performance documents for the Examination Year 2017 have a new component of a detailed quantitative analysis. For each subject dealt with in the document, both at the ICSE and the ISC levels, a detailed statistical analysis has been done, which has been presented in a simple user-friendly manner. It is hoped that this document will not only enable teachers to understand how their students have performed with respect to other students who appeared for the ICSE/ISC Year 2017 Examinations, how they have performed within the Region or State, their performance as compared to other Regions or States, etc., it will also help develop a better understanding of the assessment/ evaluation process. This will help them in guiding their students more effectively and comprehensively so that students prepare for the ICSE/ ISC Examinations, with a better understanding of what is required from them. The Analysis of Pupil Performance document for ICSE for the Examination Year 2017 covers the following subjects: English (English Language, Literature in English), Hindi, History, Civics and Geography (History & Civics, Geography), Mathematics, Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology), Commercial Studies, Economics, Computer Applications, Economics Applications, Commercial Applications. Subjects covered in the ISC Analysis of Pupil Performance document for the Year 2017 include English (English Language and Literature in English), Hindi, Elective English, Physics (Theory and Practical), Chemistry (Theory and Practical), Biology (Theory and Practical), Mathematics, Computer Science, History, Political Science, Geography, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Commerce, Accounts and Business Studies. I would like to acknowledge the contribution of all the ICSE and the ISC examiners who have been an integral part of this exercise, whose valuable inputs have helped put this document together. I would also like to thank the RDCD team of Dr. Manika Sharma, Dr. M.K. Gandhi, Ms. Mansi Guleria and Mrs. Roshni George, who have done a commendable job in preparing this document. The statistical data pertaining to the ICSE and the ISC Year 2017 Examinations has been provided by the IT section of the Council for which I would like to thank Col. R. Sreejeth (Deputy Secretary - IT), Mr. M.R. Felix, Education Officer (IT) ICSE and Mr. Samir Kumar, Education Officer (IT) - ISC. November 2017 Shilpi Gupta Deputy Head - RDCD ii

5 CONTENTS Page No. FOREWORD i PREFACE ii INTRODUCTION 1 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS 3 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 10

6 INTRODUCTION This document aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the performance of candidates in the subject. It comprises of two sections, which provide Quantitative and Qualitative analysis results in terms of performance of candidates in the subject for the ICSE Year 2017 Examination. The details of the Quantitative and the Qualitative analysis are given below. Quantitative Analysis This section provides a detailed statistical analysis of the following: Overall Performance of candidates in the subject (Statistics at a Glance) State wise Performance of Candidates Gender wise comparison of Overall Performance Region wise comparison of Performance Comparison of Region wise performance on the basis of Gender Comparison of performance in different Mark Ranges and comparison on the basis of Gender for the top and bottom ranges Comparison of performance in different Grade categories and comparison on the basis of Gender for the top and bottom grades The data has been presented in the form of means, frequencies and bar graphs. Understanding the tables Each of the comparison tables shows N (Number of candidates), Mean Marks obtained, Standard Errors and t-values with the level of significance. For t-test, mean values compared with their standard errors indicate whether an observed difference is likely to be a true difference or whether it has occurred by chance. The t-test has been applied using a confidence level of 95%, which means that if a difference is marked as statistically significant (with * mark, refer to t-value column of the table), the probability of the difference occurring by chance is less than 5%. In other words, we are 95% confident that the difference between the two values is true. t-test has been used to observe significant differences in the performance of boys and girls, gender wise differences within regions (North, East, South and West), gender wise differences within marks ranges (Top and bottom ranges) and gender wise differences within grades awarded (Grade 1 and Grade 9) at the ICSE Year 2017 Examination. The analysed data has been depicted in a simple and user-friendly manner. 1

7 Given below is an example showing the comparison tables used in this section and the manner in which they should be interpreted. Comparison on the basis of Gender Gender N Mean SE t-value Girls 2, * Boys 1, *Significant at 0.05 level The table shows comparison between the performances of boys and girls in a particular subject. The t-value of is significant at 0.05 level (mentioned below the table) with a mean of girls as 66.1 and that of boys as It means that there is significant difference between the performance of boys and girls in the subject. The probability of this difference occurring by chance is less than 5%. The mean value of girls is higher than that of boys. It can be interpreted that girls are performing significantly better than boys. The results have also been depicted pictographically. In this case, the girls performed significantly better than the boys. This is depicted by the girl with a medal. Qualitative Analysis The purpose of the qualitative analysis is to provide insights into how candidates have performed in individual questions set in the question paper. This section is based on inputs provided by examiners from examination centres across the country. It comprises of question wise feedback on the performance of candidates in the form of Comments of Examiners on the common errors made by candidates along with Suggestions for Teachers to rectify/ reduce these errors. The Marking Scheme for each question has also been provided to help teachers understand the criteria used for marking. Topics in the question paper that were generally found to be difficult or confusing by candidates, have also been listed down, along with general suggestions for candidates on how to prepare for the examination/ perform better in the examination. 2

8 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS STATISTICS AT A GLANCE Total Number of Candidates: 1,18,921 Mean Marks: 86.3 Highest Marks: 99 Lowest Marks: 16 3

9 PERFORMANCE (STATE-WISE & FOREIGN) Rajasthan Maharashtra Gujarat Goa Tamil Nadu Telangana Puducherry Kerala Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh Punjab Madhya Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Haryana New Delhi Chandigarh Chattisgarh West Bengal Tripura Sikkim Orissa Nagaland Manipur Meghalaya Jharkhand Bihar Assam Arunachal Pradesh Foreign The States/UTs of Puducherry, Rajasthan and Haryana secured highest mean marks. Mean marks secured by candidates studying in schools abroad were

10 GENDER-WISE COMPARISON GIRLS Mean Marks: 88.1 Number of Candidates: 52,410 BOYS Mean Marks: 84.8 Number of Candidates: 66,511 Comparison on the basis of Gender Gender N Mean SE t-value Girls 52, * Boys 66, *Significant at 0.05 level Girls performed significantly better than boys. 5

11 REGION-WISE COMPARISON East North Mean Marks: 85.2 Mean Marks: 87.1 Number of Candidates: 35,292 Number of Candidates: 54,440 Highest Marks: 99 Lowest Marks: 16 Highest Marks: 99 Lowest Marks: 20 Mean Marks: 82.0 REGION Mean Marks: 88.2 Number of Candidates: 10,445 Number of Candidates: 18,498 South Highest Marks: 99 Lowest Marks: 20 Mean Marks: 85.7 Number of Candidates: 246 Highest Marks: 99 Lowest Marks: 24 West Highest Marks: 98 Lowest Marks: 44 Foreign 6

12 Mean Marks obtained by Boys and Girls-Region wise North East South West Foreign Comparison on the basis of Gender within Region Region Gender N Mean SE t-value North (N) Girls 23, Boys 31, * East (E) Girls 15, Boys 19, * South (S) Girls 5, Boys 5, * West (W) Girls 8, Boys 10, * Foreign (F) Girls Boys *Significant at 0.05 level REGION (N, E, S, W) 7

13 MARK RANGES : COMPARISON GENDER-WISE Comparison on the basis of gender in top and bottom mark ranges Marks Range Gender N Mean SE t-value Girls 45, Top Range (81-100) Boys 51, * Girls Bottom Range (0-20) Boys *Significant at 0.05 level Boys Girls All Candidates Marks Range (81-100) Performance of girls was significantly better than the performance of boys Marks Range (81-100)

14 GRADES AWARDED : COMPARISON GENDER-WISE Comparison on the basis of gender in Grade 1 and Grade 9 Grades Gender N Mean SE t-value Girls 28, Grade 1 Boys 25, * Girls Grade 9 Boys *Significant at 0.05 level Boys Girls All Candidates In Grade 1, average performance of girls was significantly better than that of boys Grade

15 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS Question 1 SECTION A (40 Marks) Attempt all questions Write a short composition in Hindi of approximately 250 words on any one of the following topics : fueufyf[kr fo"k;ksa esa ls fdlh,d fo"k; ij fgunh es yxhkx 250 'kcnksa esa laf{kir ys[k fyf[k, : [15] (i) iqlrdsa Kku dk HkaMkj gksrh gsa rfkk gekjh lpph fe=,oe~ xq# Hkh gksrh gsaa gky gh esa i<+h xbz viuh fdlh iqlrd ds fo"k; esa crkrs gq, fyf[k, fd og vkidks ilun D;ksa vkbz vksj vkius mlls D;k lh[kk \ (ii) ^i;kzoj.k gs rks ekuo gs* fo"k; dks vk/kkj cukdj i;kzoj.k lqj{kk dks ysdj vki D;k&D;k iz;kl dj jgs gsa \ folrkj ls fyf[k,a (iii) dei;wvj rfkk eksckby euksjatu ds lkfk&lkfk gekjh t+:jr dk lk/ku vf/kd cu x, gsaa gj {ks= esa buls feyus okys ykhkksa rfkk gkfu;ksa dk o.kzu djrs gq,] vius fopkj fyf[k,a (iv) vjs fe=! ^^rqeus rks fl) dj fn;kfd rqe gh esjs lpps fe= gks**bl iafdr ls vkjehk djrs gq, dksbz dgkuh fyf[k,a (v) izlrqr p= dks /;ku ls nsf[k, vksj fp= dks vk/kkj cukdj mldk ifjp; nsrs gq, dksbz ys[k] dgkuh vfkok?kvuk fyf[k;s ftldk lh/kk o Li"V lecu/k fp= ls gksuk pkfg;sa 10

16 (i) vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ska us bl fo k; dk p;u fd;ka Nk=ksa us iqlrd ds egro ds ckjs esa mrre fopkj fy[ksa dqn Nk=ksa us *jkek;.k*,oa *egkhkkjr* tslh iqlrdksa dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, viuh ilan dk ifjp; fn;k ijurq dqn Nk= viuh fiz; iqlrd dk o.kzu folrkj ls ugh dj ik,a iqlrd vkidks ialn D;ksa vkbz rfkk blls D;k lh[k feyh* bu fcunqvksa dks Li V djus esa vlqy jgsa Hkwfedk o milagkj ij Hkh /;ku ugha fn;k x;ka fopkjksa o Hkk kk ds izokg esa deh ikbz xbzaa Hkk kk laca/kh v kqf);kw ikbz xbza eqgkojksa dk iz;ksx Hkh de ik;k x;ka (ii) *i;kzoj.k* Nk=ksa dk fiz; fo k; jgka *i;kzoj.k gs rks ekuo gs* bl ckr dk vk k; iw.kz :i ls cgqr gh de fo kfkhz Li V dj ik,a T;knkrj fo kffkz;ksa us iznw k.k ds ckjs esa fy[kka *O;fDrxr iz;kl ds vurxzr Hkh Nk= cgqr de fcunq fy[k ik,a milagkj fy[kus esa Hkh dbz Nk= vlqy jgsa Hkk kk ds orzuh laca/kh =qfv;k n`f Vxkspj gqbzaa (iii) bl fo k; ij T;knkrj fo kfkhz vius fopkj vfhko;dr djus esa lqy jgsa bl fodyi dks lokzf/kd Nk=ksa us pquka dqn cppksa us eksckbzy ds ckjs esa fy[kk ijurq dei;wvj ds ckjs esa ugha dgha&dgha ij okd; lajpuk laca/kh nks k ik, x,a orzuh dh =qfv;k izpqj ek=k esa FkhA (iv) bl fodyi dks cgqr ls Nk=ksa us pquka dgkuh dk izkjahk iafdr ls ugha fd;ka fn, x, funsz k dh vosgsyuk dh xbza dgkuh&ys[ku esa eksfydrk dk vhkko ik;k x;ka Hkk kk cm+h ljy o lk/kkj.k iz;ksx dh xbza fe= dk ifjp;]?kvuk rfkk laoknksa dh Hkh deh ikbz xbza Hkk kk laca/kh nks k ik, x,a (v) Nk=kss a us bl fo k; ij Hkh izlrko fy[kka fp= dk o.kzu djus esa vf/kdka k Nk= vlefkz jgsa dqn Nk= fp= ds vk k; dks Hkh ugh le> ik, QyLo:i os ckyje ij fy[kus esa vlefkz jgssa fo k; dks /;kuiwozd i<+us ij cy nsaa fn, x, fo k; ds gj fcunq ds fodkl ij cy nsaa Hkk kk rfkk fopkjksa ds izokg ds fy, fu;fer vh;kl djok,wa fuca/k dk kh kzd fy[kus ij cy nsaa izlrko&ys[ku eas p;fur fo k; dks izlrkouk] o.kzu rfkk milagkj esa ck Vdj fuca/k fy[kus dk vh;kl djok,a orzuh rfkk Hkk kk laca/kh v kqf);k de djus ds fy, Jqrys[k fy[kok, rfkk O;kdj.k dk fu;fer vh;kl djok,aa fo kffkz;ksa dks le>k;k tk, fd fo k; dk izr;sd fcanq egroiw.kz gsa izr;sd fcunq ij muds fopkj Li V gksus pkfg,a mugsa crk, fd fuca/k esa Hkwfedk rfkk milagkj fy[kus dk egro gksrk gsa buds fy, vyx ls vad fu/kkzfjr gksrs gsaa Hkk kk dh kq)rk ij cy nsaa izlrko&ys[ku dk izpqj ek=k esa vh;kl djok;k tk,a fo kffkz;ksa dks fo k; ds izr;sd fcunq ij /;ku nsus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,a fopkjkred fuca/k dk d{kk esa vh;kl djok, d{kk esa okn&fookn Hkh djok, tk,a ftlls Nk=ksa dh rkfdzd kfdr dk fodkl gksa kq) Hkk kk ds iz;ksx ij cy nsaa d{kk esa dgkuh&ys[ku dk vh;kl djok, A eksfydrk ij cy nsaa Nk=ksa dks dgkuh&ys[ku ds fu;eksa ls voxr djok, A mudh dyiuk& kfdr dk fodkl djs aa eqgkojksa rfkk vpnh Hkk kk ds iz;ksx ij cy nsaa Hkk kk laca/kh =qfv;ksa dks nwj djs aa d{kk esa fp= dk ifjp; nsrs gq, ml ij vk/kkfjr dgkuh]?kvuk vfkok ys[k dk fof/kor vh;kl djk;k tkuk pkfg, ftlls fo kfkhz fp= esa of.kzr vk k; dks Hkyh&Hkkafr le>dj vius kcnksa esa folrkjiwozd fy[kus esa l{ke gks ldsa 11

17 Question 1 (i) Hkwfedk iqlrd Kku dk HkaMkj gksrk gsa Kku dk HkaMkj dsls \ gky gh esa i<+h xbz iqlrd ds fo"k; esa iqlrd vkidks D;ksa ilun vkbz\ vkius mlls D;k lh[kk \ (ii) Hkwfedk ¼i;kZoj.k ls lacaf/kr½ MARKING SCHEME i;kzoj.k lqj{kk dks ysdj vki D;k&D;k iz;kl dj jgs gsaa milagkj (iii) Hkwfedk ¼foKku] eksckby] dei;wvj ls lacaf/kr½ euksjatu dsls\ t:jras iwjh dsls\ ykhk gkfu;ka milagkj (iv) Hkwfedk ¼iafDr dk Li Vhdj.k½ Dgkuh milagkj ¼lh[k,oa fu d kz½ (v) fp= ifjp;?kvuk] dgkuh ;k ys[k Question 2 Write a letter in Hindi in approximately 120 words on any one of the topics given below : fueufyf[kr esa ls fdlh,d fo"k; ij fgunh esa yxhkx 120 'kcnksa esa i= fyf[k;s : [7] (i) (ii) vkids {ks= esa,d gh lk/kkj.k lk ljdkjh vlirky gs] ftlds dkj.k vke turk dks cgqr vf/kd ijs'kkfu;ksa dk lkeuk djuk im+ jgk gsa mu ijs'kkfu;ksa dk myys[k djrs gq,],d vksj lqfo/kk;qdr ljdkjh vlirky [kqyokus dk vuqjks/k djrs gq, LokLF; vfèkdkjh dks i= fyf[k,a vksyfeid esa vius ns'k ds c<+rs dne ns[k dj vkidks cgqr gh izluurk gks jgh gsa bl o"kz ds vksyfeid dh miyfc/k;ksa dks crkrs gq, vius fe= dks i= fyf[k,a 12

18 (i) vf/kdre fo kffkz;ksa us bl fo k; dks pquk ijarq i= dk izk:i fy[krs le; Hkzfer gks x,a izk:i esa orzuh laca/kh =qfv;ksa dk ckgqy; ik;k x;ka izk:i ckbaz vksj fy[kuk gs] blls dbz Nk= vufhkk FksA i= esa vksipkfjd kcnksa tsls& lfou;] fuosnu] d`rkfkz vkfn dk vhkko ik;k x;ka vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us *Hkofn;* dh txg *vkidk Hkonh;* fy[kka irk o fnukad fy[krs le; dqn Nk=ksa us vaaxzsth kcnkas dk iz;ksx fd;ka Nk=ksa dks fo k; ds izfriknu esa Hkh dfbukbz gqbza *,d vksj lqfo/kk;qdr vlirky [qkyokus dh ckr ij Nk=ksa us fcydqy xksj ugha fd;ka orzuh rfkk Hkk kk laca/kh =qfv;k ikbz xbzaa eq[; fcanqvksa dk vhkko [kvdka (ii) dbz Nk=ksa us vuksipkfjd i= fy[kus dk fodyi pquka fo k; dk izfriknu djus esa mugas dfbukbz gqbza bldk dkj.k lkeku; Kku dk vhkko FkkA os vksyfeid dh miyfc/k;k crkus eas v{ke jgsa dqn fo kffkz;ksa us vksyfeid dks fødsv ds lkfk tksm+ fn;ka i= ds izk:i esa Hkh =qfv;k ikbz xbzaa vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us vfhkoknu ugha fy[kka dbz Nk=ksa us viuk irk ckbza vksj fy[kka i= ds dysoj esa kcn&fopkj rfkk okd;&fou;kl lca/kh v kqf);k ikbz xbzaa i=&izk:i ij fo ks k cy nsaa vksipkfjd i=ksa dk fu;fer vh;kl djok, A fo kffkz;ksa dks Li V :i ls crk, fd i= esa vaxzsth kcnksa dk iz;ksx oftzr gsa i= ds gj fcanq ij /;ku nsus dk vh;kl djok, A vksipkfjd kcnksa ds iz;ksx ij cy nsaa kcn&kku c<+kus dk iz;ru fd;k tkuk pkfg,a kcn&fou;kl rfkk okd;&fou;kl dh kqf) ij /;ku dss afnzr djus gsrq Nk=ksa dks izsfjr djs aa orzuh dh kq)rk ij cy nsaa ckbza vksj i= dk izk:i fy[kus dk vh;kl djok, A i= ds izkjehk o lekiu laca/kh fcanqvksa dh vksj Hkh /;ku fnyk, A i=&ys[ku dk fu;fer vh;kl djok, A i= dk izk:i ckbza vksj fy[kus ij cy nsaa orzuh lca/kh =qfv;ksa dks nwj djus ds fy, lq/kkj&dk;z djok, A i= ds izk:i esa lacks/ku ds i pkr~ vfhkoknu fy[kus ds fy, izsfjr djsaa cppksa dks lkeku;kku ls lacaf/kr fo k;ksa ij vh;kl&dk;z djok, A lekpkj&i= i<+us ij cy nsaa d{kk esa lkef;d?kvukvksa dh ppkz djs aa Hkk kk] orzuh rfkk O;kdj.k laca/kh =qfv;ksa esa lq/kkj djok, A d{kk esa Jqrys[k Hkh fy[kok, A i= ds izkjahk o lekiu ls lacaf/kr eq[; fcanqvksa dh vksj Nk=ksa dk /;ku fnyk, A i= ds fo k; dks /;kuiwozd i<+us dh vksj cy nsaa 13

19 MARKING SCHEME Question 2 i= ys[ku % izk:i&i=] izkirdrkz dk in] xfjek vkfn ds vuqlkj mfpr lecks/ku rfkk vfhkoknu] fnuakd,oa ewy fo k; A Question 3 Read the passage given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow, using your own words as far as possible : fueufyf[kr x ka'k dks /;ku ls if<+, rfkk mlds uhps fy[ks x, iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k,a mùkj ;FkklaHko vkids vius 'kcnksa esa gksus pkfg, : iatkc esa ml o"kz Hk;adj vdky im+k FkkA mu fnuksa ogk egkjk.kk j.kthr flag dk jkt FkkA mugksaus ;g?kks"k.kk djok nh] ^^egkjkt ds vkns'k ls 'kkgh Hk.Mkj&x`g gj t+:jrean ds fy, [kqyk gsa izr;sd t+:jrean,d ckj esa ftruk mbk lds] ys tk,a**;g?kks"k.kk lqurs gh xk oksa o 'kgjksa ls t+:jreanksa dh HkhM+ jktegy esa mem+ im+ha mu fnuksa ykgksj esa,d ln~x`glfk cw<s+ lttu jgrs FksA os dêj lukruh fopkjksa ds FksA mugksaus thou esa dhkh Hkh fdlh ds vkxs viuk gkfk ugha QSyk;k FkkA v /ksjk gksus ij og 'kkgh Hk.Mkj ds njokt+s ij igq psa }kj [kqyk Fkk fdlh rjg dh dksbz tk p&im+rky ugha gqbza mugksaus cm+s ladksp ls viuh pknj dks QSyk;k] mlds dksus esa FkksM+k lk vukt ck èk fy;ka T;knk vukt mbkuk muds fy, eqf'dy FkkA brus esa ixm+h ck /ks,d O;fDr ogk vk;kamlus dgk] ^Hkzkrkth vkius rks dkqh de vukt fy;k gsa** cw<+s lttu us dgk] ^^vly esa esa cw<+k ykpkj gw A bl vdky esa rks FkksM+k vukt ysuk gh lgh gs]ftlls lc t+:jr eanksa dks fey tk,a** ml O;fDr us cw<+s dh xbjh [kksy nha mlesa Hkjiwj vukt Hkj fn;ka cw<+s lttu us dgk] ^^esa bruk vukt ugha mbk ldrk vksj u gh bldh et+nwjh dk islk ns ldrk gw A** brus esa ml vtuch us cw<+s dh xbjh vius du/kksa ij ys yh vksj cw<+s ds ihns&ihns py im+ka tc os cw<+s ds?kj ds }kj ij igq ps rks ogk nks cpps mudh izrh{kk dj jgs FksAmUgsa ns[krs gh os cksys ^^ckck] dgk pys x, Fks \** cw<+k [kkeks'k jgka vtuch us dgk] ^^?kj esa dksbz cm+k ym+dk ugha gs \** cw<+k cksyk] ^^ym+dk Fkk ysfdu dkcqy dh ym+kbz esa 'kghn gks x;ka vc cgw gs rfkk esjs ;s iksrs gsaa** og vtuch cksyk] ^^HkkbZ th /ku; gsa vki] ftudk csvk ns'k ds fy, 'kghn gks x;ka** jks'kuh esa cw<s+ us ml vtuch dks igpku fy;ka os [kqn egkjkt j.kthr flagfksacw<+s us iksrksa ls dgk] ^^buds lkeus namor iz.kke djksa** vksj Lo;a Hkh iz.kke djus yxs vksj FkksM+h nsj ckn cksys] ^^vkt eq>ls cm+k iki gks x;ka vkils cks>k mbok;ka** ^^ugha] ;g iki ugha] esjk lkshkkx; Fkk fd esa 'kghn ds ifjokj dh lsok dj ldka vki lcdh lsok djuk esjk Q+tZ gsa vc vki thou Hkj gekjs lkfk jfg, vksj ges ÑrkFkZ dhft,a** 14

20 (i) jkt; dks fdl foifùk dk lkeuk djuk im+k Fkk \ mu fnuksa ogk ds jktk dksu Fks vksj mugksaus ml lel;k dk D;k lek/kku fudkyk \ [2] (ii) jktk us jkt; esa D;k?kks"k.kk djokbz vksj D;ksa \ [2] (iii) cw<+s vkneh ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gsa \ mudk iw.kz ifjp; nhft,a [2] (iv) cw<+s vkneh us FkksM+k lk vukt gh D;ksa fy;k Fkk \ dkj.k Li"V djrs gq, [2] crkb, fd ml vtuch O;fDr us ml cw<+s dh dsls lgk;rk dh\ (v) bl x ka'k ls feyus okyh f'k{kkvksa ij izdk'k Mkfy,A [2] (i) vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ksa us bl iz u dk mrrj larks ktud fy[kk ij dgha&dgha orzuh dh v kqf);k n`f Vxkspj gqbzaa dqn fo kfkhz iz u dk mÿkj vius kcnks esa ugha fy[k ik,a mugksaus x ka k dh Hkk kk dk gh iz;ksx fd;ka (ii) iz u ds izfke Hkkx dk mrrj Nk=ksa us lvhd fy[kk ijurq *D;ksa* dk mrrj fy[kus esa dqn Nk= vlqy jgsa (iii)vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ksa us Li V :i ls mrrj fy[kka dqn Nk= cw<+s dk ifjp; Bhd ls ugha ns ik,a orzuh dh v kqf);k Hkh ikbz xbzaa (iv) iz u ds izfke Hkkx dk mrrj Nk=ksa us lvhd fn;ka ysfdu nwljs Hkkx dk mrrj nsus esa dqn Nk= v{ke jgsa iz u i<us esa ykijokgh dh xbz],slk izrhr gqvka (v) vf/kdka k fo kfkhz x ka k ls feyus okyh dsoy,d gh f k{kk dk myys[k dj ik,a Hkk kk] orzuh rfkk O;kdj.k laca/kh v kqf);k ikbz xbaza Nk=ksa dks mrrj vius kcnska esa fy[kus ds fy, izksrlkfgr djsaa Nk=ksa dks le>k;k tk, fd iz u ds rhu Hkkxksa ;k nks Hkkxksa ds mrrj vyx&vyx vuqpnsn esa fy[ksaa Nk=ksa dks x ka k nks ;k rhu ckj i<+us ds fy, izksrlkfgr djsaa iz uksa ds mrrj fopkjiwozd fy[kus dks dgsaa vf/kd ls vf/kd fcunqvksa ds lekos k ij cy nsaa Nk=ksa dks vf/kd ls vf/kd fcunqvksa dk lekos k djus ds fy, dgsaa Hkko&xzg.k ds fy, nks rhu ckj vuqpnsn i<+uk vko ;d gsa kq) ys[ku ij cy nsaa d{kk esa JqrHkko&xzg.k dk Hkh vh;kl djok, A Nk=ksa dks folrkj ls mrrj fy[kus ds fy, izsfjr djsaa mugs le>k, fd vuqpnsn o iz u ckj&ckj i<+s a rri pkr~ mrrj fy[ksa aa d{kk esa vifbr x ka k dk fu;fer vh;kl djok, A f k{kk laca/kh iz uksa dk vh;kl eksf[kd o fyf[kr rksj ij vo ; djok, A Hkk kk esa lq/kkj ij cy nsaa 15

21 Question 3 MARKING SCHEME vifbr x ka'k (i) iatkc esa ml o"kz Hk;adj vdky im+k FkkA fdlkuksa ds [ksr lw[k x, Fks vksj Qlysa u"v gks xbz FkhaA jkt; esa vukt dh deh gks xbz Fkh vksj yksx Hkw[ks ej jgs FksA mu fnuksa ogk ds jktk j.kthr flag FksA muls iztk dh rdyhq ns[kh ugha xbza mugksaus t+:jreanksa dks vukt nsus ds fy, vius 'kkgh Hk.Mkj&x`g ds njokts+ [kksy fn,a (ii) jktk j.kthr flag us ;g?kks"k.kk djokbz fd 'kkgh Hk.Mkj&x`g gj t+:jrean ds fy, [kqyk gsa izr;sd t+:jrean,d ckj esa ftruk vukt mbk lds] ys tk,a mudh bl?kks"k.kk ls ihfm+rksa dks jkgr feyha xk oksa o 'kgjksa ls t+:jreanksa dh HkhM+ jktegy esa mem+ im+ha jktk j.kthr flag,d iztkorly jktk FksA muds ân; esa ihfm+rksa ds izfr n;k&hkkouk FkhA os gj t+:jrean dh lgk;rk djuk viuk drzo; ekurs Fks blhfy, vdky im+us ij mugksaus vukt nsus dh?kks"k.kk dh FkhA (iii) cw<+s O;fDr ykgksj esa jgrs FksA os,d Hkys x`glfk FksA os dêj lukruh fopkjksa ds FksA mugksaus cm+h ls cm+h eqlhcr esa Hkh fdlh ds vkxs dhkh gkfk ugha QSyk;k FkkA mudk toku csvk dkcqy dh ym+kbz esa 'kghn gks x;k FkkA cgw vksj nks iksrksa dh ft+eesnkjh muds Åij vk xbz FkhA muesa t+jk Hkh ykshk ugha FkkA os vius drzo; ds izfr ltx FksA (iv) cw<s lttu 'kjhj ls ykpkj o det+ksj FksA os vf/kd vukt ysdj py ugha ldrs FksA blds vfrfjdr mudk ekuuk Fkk fd vdky tslh ladv dh flfkfr esa vukt de ysuk gh Bhd gs ftlls lc t+:jreanksa dks vukt fey ldsa muesa t+jk Hkh ykshk o LokFkZ ugha FkkA os nwljksa dh HkykbZ ds ckjs esa lksprs FksA cw<+s O;fDr us vdky dh flfkfr esa jktk ds Hk.Mkj&x`g ls cgqr FkksM+k&lk vukt fy;k vksj viuh iksvyh esa ck /k fy;ka,d vtuch O;fDr us tc cw<s+ dks cgqr FkksM+k&lk vukt ys tkrs gq, ns[kk rks mls mu ij n;k vk xbza mlus vkdj cw<+s dh iksvyh [kksy nh vksj mlesa Hkjiwj vukt Hkj fn;k fqj mls vius da/kksa ij ykndj muds?kj ys vk;ka oklro esa og vtuch O;fDr Lo;a egkjkt j.kthr flag Fks tks ml cw<s+ nfjnz dh lgk;rk djus vk;s FksA muesa t+jk Hkh?keaM ugha FkkA nhu&nqf[k;ksa dh lgk;rk djds mugsa lpph 'kkfur feyrh FkhA tc jktk dks ;g irk pyk fd cw<+s lttu,d 'kghn ds firk gsa rks mugksaus muds ifjokj dh ft+eesnkjh vius Åij ys yh vksj mugsa leeku lfgr vius jktegy esa ys vk,a oklro esa os,d iztkorly jktk FksA (v) ;g,d f'k{kkizn dgkuh gs ftlesa jktk j.kthr flag dh iztkorlyrk dks fn[kk;k x;k gsa os cgqr n;kyq Fks vksj nhu&nqf[k;ksa dh [kwc lsok djrs FksA os cw<+ksa dks cgqr vknj nsrs FksA os ns'khkdrksa o 'kghnksa dk leeku djrs Fks vksj muds ifjokj ds ikyu&iks"k.k dh ft+eesnkjh vius Åij ysdj vius drzo; dk ikyu djrs FksA bl dgkuh esa ;g Hkh fn[kk;k x;k gs fd balku dks bruk ykshkh o LokFkhZ ugha gksuk pkfg,a mls nwljksa dh HkykbZ ds ckjs esa Hkh lkspuk pkfg,a 16

22 Question 4 Answer the following according to the instructions given : fueufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mùkj funsz'kkuqlkj fyf[k, : (i) fueufyf[kr 'kcnksa esa ls fdlh,d 'kcn ds nks i;kz;okph 'kcn fyf[k, : vkuan] iq=] jk{kla (ii) fueufyf[kr 'kcnksa eas ls nks 'kcnksa ds foykse fyf[k, : vkyl;] lnkpkj] lkfe"k] Ñf=eA (iii) fueufyf[kr 'kcnksa es ls fdugha nks 'kcnksa dks 'kq) dhft;s : izrh"bk] xùfk] ijhlfkrha (iv) fueufyf[kr esa ls fdlh,d eqgkojs dh lgk;rk ls okd; cukb;s : viuk myyw lh/kk djuk] gkfk eyuka (v) dks"bd esa fn, x, funzs'kkuqlkj okd;ksa esa ifjorzu dhft;s : (a) fo kfkhz dks tkuus dh bpnk j[kus okyk gksuk pkfg,a ¼js[kkafdr 'kcnksa ds LFkku ij,d 'kcn dk iz;ksx dhft;sa½ (b) bruh vk;q gksus ij Hkh og fookfgr ugha gsa ¼^ugha* gvkb, ijurq okd; dk vfkz u cnysa½ (c) jkr esa lnhz c<+ tk,xha ¼viw.kZ orzeku dky esa cnfy,½ (d) vu;k; dk lc fojks/k djrs gsaa ¼js[kkafdr dk fo'ks"k.k fy[krs gq, okd; iqu% fyf[k,½ [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] 17

23 (i) i;kz;okph kcn Nk=ksa dks vklku yxs ijurq orzuh dh =qfv;k ikbz xbaza dqn Nk=ksa us vkuan ds fy, etk] iq= ds fy, dqynhi] lqiq=] ckyd] fpjkx rfkk jk{kl ds fy, jko.k fy[kka ;s lhkh xyr mrrj FksA (ii) foykse kcn Hkh vf/kdka k Nk= tkurs FksA lkfe k rfkk d`f=e kcn ds foykse dqn Nk=- ugha tkurs FksA vr% mugkasus vlkfe k rfkk izd`fr fy[k fn, tks fd xyr FksA (iii)ek=kvksa dk Kku u gksus ds dkj.k vf/kdka k Nk= fn, x, kcnksa dks kq) djus esa iw.kzr;k lqy u gks ldsa (iv) vf/kdka k fo kfkhz okd; lajpuk esa vlqy jgsa O;kdj.k rfkk orzuh laca/kh nks k ik, x,a dqn Nk=ksa us,sls okd; cuk, Fks] ftuesa eqgkojs dk vfkz Li V ugha gks ldka (v)(a) vf/kdka k fo kfkhz *ftkklq* kcn tkurs Fks] ijurq mugksaus orzuh dh v kq)rk dha dqn us bpnqd Hkh fy[kka (b) bl okd; esa dqn Nk=ksa us vfookfgr fy[kus dh vis{kk dqokjk rfkk dqavkjk fy[k fn;ka (c) vf/kdka k Nk= viw.kz orzekudky ls ifjfpr FksA mugkss aus okd; ifjorzu esa =qfv;k dhaa (d) vf/kdka k Nk= fojks/k dk fo ks k.k fojks/kh tkurs FksA ijurq okd; lajpuk esa =qfv dj csbsa d{kk esa i;kz;okph kcnksa dk eksf[kd o fyf[kr vh;kl djok;k tk;sa orzuh ij Hkh cy nhft,a *[ksy&[ksy esa* mfpr kcnksa dk Kku djok;k tk;sa d{kk esa foykse kcnksa dk eksf[kd o fyf[kr vh;kl djokuk pkfg,a kq) ys[ku ij cy nhft,a orzuh dh =qfv;k eku; ugha gksrha d{kk esa kq) ys[ku dk vh;kl djok;k tk,a Jqrys[k Hkh fy[kok;k tk,a lgh kcn mppkj.k ij cy fn;k tk,a d{kk esa eqgkojksa dk fu;fer vh;kl djok;s aa eqgkojksa ds vfkz ;kn djok, fqj kq) okd; fy[kus ij cy nsaa Nk=ksa dks crk, fd okd; cukrs le; fyax] opu rfkk dky dk /;ku j[ksaa d{kk eas okd; ifjorzu dk fu;fer vh;kl djok, A kq)&ys[ku ij cy nasa Nk=ksa dks okd; ifjorzu ds fu;eksa dh tkudkjh nsaa mugsa le>k,a fd ugha gvkrs le; foykse kcn dk iz;ksx djrs gsaa dky ds Hksn folrkj ls le>k,a rfkk mldk vh;kl djok,aad{kk esa O;kogkfjd O;kdj.k dk fu;fer vh;kl djok,aa kq) okd; jpuk ij cy nsaa Question 4 MARKING SCHEME (i) i;kz;okph % vkuan - g"kz] myykl] izluurk iq= - ru;] uanu] lqr] csvk] ruqt jk{kl - vlqj] nkuo] nuqt] fu'kkpj] nsr; (ii) foykse % vkyl; LQwfrZ lnkpkj nqjkpkj lkfe"k fujkfe"k 18

24 d`f=e izkd`r]lokhkkfod (iii) fo'ks"k.k % yksd - yksfdd iozr - iozrh; fojks/k - fojks/kh]fo:) (iv) 'kq) :i % izrh"bk - izfr"bk xùfk - xzufk ijhlfkrh - ifjflfkfr (v) eqgkojksa ls okd; % viuk myyw lh/kk djuk - LokFkZ fl) djuk pquko esa thrus ds ckn vf/kdka'k usrk gkfk eyuk - inrkuk ;fn ge thou esa le; dk ikyu ugha djrs rks esa yx tkrs gasa jg tkrs gsaa (vi) funsz'kkuqlkj okd; ifjorzu ¼mÙkj½ % (a) fo kfkhz dks q gksuk pkfg,a (b) bruh vk;q gksus ij Hkh og (c) jkr esa lnhz c<+ (d) vu;k; ds lhkh gksrs gsaa gsa 19

25 SECTION B (40 Marks) Attempt four questions from this Section. Question 5 (Sahitya Sagar Short Stories) Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr x ka'k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^^mlus dksbz cgkuk u cuk;ka pkgrk rks dg ldrk fd ;g lkft'k gsa esa uksdjh ugha djuk pkgrk blhfy, gyokbz ls feydj eq>s Q lk jgs gsa] ij,d vksj vijk/k djus dk lkgl og u tqvk ik;ka mldh vk [ksa [kqy xbz FkhaA** [ckr vbuuh dh lqn'kzu] [Baat Athanni Ki Sudarshan] (i) fdls dksu Q lk jgk Fkk \ mlus D;k vijk/k fd;k Fkk \ [2] (ii) jlhyk dksu gs \ mldk ifjp; nhft;sa [2] (iii) gesa vius uksdjksa ls dslk O;ogkj djuk pkfg, \ dgkuh ds vk/kkj ij mnkgj.k nsdj le>kb,a [3] (iv) bl dgkuh esa ys[kd us lekt dh dksulh cqjkbz dks izdv djus dk iz;kl fd;k gs \ D;k os vius iz;kl esa lqy gq, \ le>kdj fyf[k;sa [3] 20

26 (i) vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ksa dks ;g iz u vklku yxk vksj mugksaus bldk p;u Hkh fd;ka vf/kdka k Nk=ksa ds mrrj larks ktud Fks] ijurq dqn Nk=ksa us fdls vksj dksu Q lk jgk Fkk ds mrrj esa myvk fy[k fn;ka txr ckcw dks jlhyk Qalk jgk FkkA dqn Nk=ksa us jlhyk ds fy, jlyk fy[kka (ii) dqn fo kffkz;ksa dks NksM+dj yxhkx vf/kdrj us jlhyk dk ifjp; vis{kkd`r lgh fy[kka dqn Nk=ksa us jlhyk ds LFkku ij jetku dk ifjp; fy[kdj ykijokgh fn[kkbza (iii)bl iz u dk mrrj vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ksa us larks ktud fy[kka dqn Nk= iz u ds izfke Hkkx esa vis{kkd`r eq[; fcunq de fy[k ik,a dqn us f}rh; Hkkx esa eq[; mnkgj.k u nsdj iwjh dgkuh fy[k nha dqn us uksdjksa ds izfr udkjkred O;ogkj ij cy fn;ka (iv) iz u ds izfke Hkkx dk mrrj Nk=ksa us lvhd fy[kka f}rh; Hkkx esa Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a dqn Nk= iz u le> ugha ik,a vr% mugksaus fy[k fn;k fd ys[kd vlqy jgsa Nk=ksa dks le>k, fd iz u dks /;kuiwozd i<+s aa orzuh esa lq/kkj djsa A ikb ckj&ckj i<+us ij cy nsaa d{kk esa vorj.k ds vk/kkj ij iz uksa dk fyf[kr vh;kl djok, A ikb dks ckj&ckj i<+us ds fy, Nk=ksa dks izksrlkfgr djsaa pfj= dh fo ks krk, ikb dk mn~ns ;] kh kzd dh lkfkzdrk vkfn eq[; iz uksa dk d{kk esa vh;kl djok;k tk,a fopkjkred iz uksa dk d{kk esa vh;kl djok;k tk,a Nk=ksa dks eq[; ckrksa ij xksj djus ds fy, izsfjr djsa a mrrj esa egroiw.kz vksj mfpr ckrsa fy[kus ij cy nsaa vuko ;d folrkj ij jksd yxk,a d{kk esa iz uksrrj dk fu;fer vh;kl djok;k tk,a v/;kid dks ikb ds ewy Hkko ls Nk=ksa dks Hkyh&Hkkafr ifjfpr djokuk pkfg,a Question 5 MARKING SCHEME (i) ckcw txr flag tks bathfu;j gsa mugksaus vius ;gk uksdjh dj jgs jlhyk uked O;fDr dks Q lk;k FkkA jlhyk us vius fe= jetku ls fy, dt+zz dks pqdkus ds fy, bathfu;j lkgc ds fglkc esa ls vbuuh dh pksjh dh FkhA (ii) jlhyk,d LokfeHkDr] bzekunkj o ifjjeh O;fDr gsa de osru ikus ij Hkh og vius ekfyd ckcw txr flag dk dke iwjh bzekunkjh ls djrk gsa og vius ifjokj ds izfr vius mùkjnkf;ro dks Hkh le>rk gsa viuk lkjk osru vius ifjokj dks Hkst nsrk gsa fe= dh lgk;rk ikus ij og vius fe= ds izfr d`rk gsa og ifjflfkfr;ksa ds o'k esa gksdj vbuuh dh csbzekuh dj csbrk gsa idm+s tkus ij og viuh xyrh Lohdkj dj {kek ek x ysrk gsa la{ksi esa] og,d lh/kk&lknk] bz'oj ls Mjus okyk O;fDr gsa (iii) gesa vius uksdjksa ds lkfk vpnk O;ogkj djuk pkfg,a mudh ijs'kkfu;ksa dks le>uk pkfg, vksj mudh odr ij lgk;rk djuh pkfg, ftlls os ifk Hkz"V u gksaa xyrh gks tkus ij mugsa le>k 21

27 dj ekq dj nsuk pkfg,a uksdjksa ds izfr lgkuqhkwfr j[kuh pkfg,a ftl izdkj ls bathfu;j ckcw us jlhyk dh enn Hkh ugha dh] fqj mldks {kek djus ds LFkku ij tsy Hkst fn;k],slk rks fcydqy Hkh ugha djuk pkfg,a (iv) dgkuh esa lekt esa O;kIr csbzekuh] fj'or[kksjh,oa Hkz"Vkpkj tslh cqjkbz dks izdv fd;k x;k gsa jlhyk dks islksa dh tc vko';drk gksrh gs vksj og vius ekfyd txr flag ls ek xrk gs rks og lkq badkj dj nsrs gsaa ml odr jlhyk dk fe= jetku mldh enn djrk gsa viuk dtz pqdkus ds fy, tc og vius ekfyd ds ;gk vbuuh dh pksjh djrk gs rks mlds ekfyd txr flag mls iqfyl Fkkus esa ys tkrs gsa,oa flikgh dks ik p #i, nsdj mldh fivkbz Hkh djokrs gsaa ys[kd us ;g crkdj lekt esa QSyh fj'or dh izo`fùk dks mtkxj fd;k gsa /kuh yksx fj'or esa uksvksa dh xfm~m;k ysus ls dsoy pwdrs gh ugha vfirq mugsa ;g Hkh [;ky ugha vkrk fd os xyr dke dj jgs gsaa xjhc ds }kjk vbuuh fnikdj >wb cksyus dks vijk/k le>rs gsaa bl rjg fj'or dh izo`fùk o xjhcksa ds izfr vr;kpkj dks mtkxj djus esa ys[kd iwjh rjg lqy gq, gsaa Question 6 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr x ka'k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^^usrkth lqanj yx jgs FksA dqn&dqn eklwe vksj deflua Q+kSth onhz esaa ewfrz dks ns[krs gh ^fnyyh pyks* vksj ^rqe eq>s [kwu nks * oxsjg ;kn vkus yxrs FksA bl n`f"v esa ;g lqy vksj ljkguh; iz;kl FkkA dsoy,d pht+ dh dlj Fkh tks ns[krs gh [kvdrh FkhA** [usrk th dk p'ek Lo;a izdk'k] [Netaji Ka Chasma Swayam Prakash] (i) ewfrz fdldh Fkh vksj og dgk yxkbz xbz Fkh \ [2] (ii) ;g ewfrz fdlus cukbz Fkh vksj bldh D;k fo'ks"krk, Fkh \ [2] (iii) ewfrz esa D;k deh Fkh \ ml deh dks dksu iwjk djrk Fkk vksj dsls \ [3] (iv) usrkth dk ifjp; nsrs gq, crkb, fd pksjkgs ij mudh ewfrz yxkus dk D;k mís'; jgk gksxk \ D;k ml mís'; es lqyrk izkir gqbz \ Li"V dhft,a [3] 22

28 (i) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us bl iz u dk p;u fd;k Fkk vksj mrrj Hkh larks ktud izkir gq,a dqn Nk=ksa us usrk th ds uke dh orzuh v kq) fy[kha iz u ds ^dgk yxkbz xbz* ds mrrj esa xk o ;k cktkj fy[k fn;ka iw.kzr;k lvhd mrrj cgqr de Nk=ksa us fy[kka (ii) iz u ds izfke Hkkx esa fo kfkhz lgh uke fy[k ik;s A vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us ^eklvjth* fy[k fn;k A muds uke ds lkfk laf{kir ifjp; Hkh visf{kr Fkk A iz u ds nwljs Hkkx es ewfrz dh fo ks krk;sa fy[kus esa Hkh Nk= iw.kzr;k lqy ugha gq, A (iii) iz u ds izfke o f}rh;hkkx dk mrrj vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us fy[kka dqn Nk=ksa us *dsivu p esokyk* ds LFkku ij *yaxm+k O;fDr* fy[k fn;ka iz u ds r`rh; Hkkx *dsls* dk mrrj fy[kus esa dbz Nk= vlqy jgsa (iv) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us usrkth dk ifjp; lvhd fn;ka os ewfrz yxkus dk mn~ns ; fy[kus esa Hkh lqy gq, ijarq iz u ds vafre Hkkx *mn~ns ; esa lqyrk izkfir* ds ckjs esa ugha fy[k ik,a cgqr gh de Nk=ksa us *ljdams ls cus p es dk ftø fd;k tks fd visf{kr FkkA Nk=ksa dks ikb ckj&ckj i<+us ds fy, izsfjr djs aa kq) ys[ku ij cy nsaa eq[; ik=ksa ds ifjp;]?kvuk, ] le; rfkk eq[; fcunqvksa ij d{kk esa ppkz djs aaa mrrj iw.kz o Li V gksus pkfg,aa uke dh orzuh kq) gksuh pkfg,a ikb ls lacaf/kr eq[; ckrsa ;kn djok, A d{kk esa iz uksÿkj dk vh;kl djok, A Nk=ksa dks iz u&i= /;kuiwozd i<+us dk funsz k nasa iz u ds gj Hkkx ds fy, vad fu/kkzfjr gksrs gsa bl rf; ls Nk=ksa dks voxr djk, A iz uksrrj fy[kus dh lgh fof/k fl[kk, A eq[; fcanqvksa dks ;kn djok, rfkk iz uksrrj dk fyf[kr o eksf[kd vh;kl djok, A eq[; fcanqvksa dks js[kkafdr djok, rkfd Nk= vh;kl ds nksjku mu ij /;ku dsafnzr dj ldsaa fopkjkred iz uksa dk Hkh vh;kl djok, A Question 6 MARKING SCHEME (i) ewfrz usrkth lqhkk"kpunz cksl dh Fkh tks,d egku Lora=rk laxzke ds lsukuh FksA Hkkjr dh vkt+knh esa mudk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku FkkA ;g ewfrz 'kgj ds eq[; ckt+kj ds eq[; pksjkgs ij yxkbz xbz FkhA bls uxjikfydk ds fdlh iz'kklfud vf/kdkjh us ns'khkfdr dh Hkkouk ls vksrizksr gksdj rfkk usrkth dks eku - leeku fnykus ds fy, yxok;k FkkA os pkgrs Fks fd vkus okyh ihf<+;k Hkh usrkth ds R;kx ds ckjs esa tkusaa (ii) ;g ewfrz usrkth lqhkk"kpunz cksl dh Fkh tks laxejej ls cuh FkhA bls dlcs ds gkbzldwy ds Mªkbax eklvj eksrhyky th us cuk;k FkkA og nks QqV Å ph izfrek Fkh tks Vksih dh uksd ls dksv ds nwljs cvu rd Fkh] ftls clv dgrs gsaa izfrek cgqr lqunj vksj yktokc FkhA usrkth Q+kSth onhz esa toku vksj eklwe fn[kkbz ns jgs FksA bldh lqunjrk rfkk vkd"kz.k dk ;g Hkh dkj.k Fkk fd bl ewfrz ij usrk th dh igpku mudk p'ek oklrfod yxk jgrk FkkA bl izdkj ;g izfrek m/kj vkus&tkus okys yksxksa ds vkd"kz.k dk dsanz cu x;h FkhA (iii) usrkth ds chp pksjkgs ij yxh ;g izfrek cgqr lqunj Fkh ijurq mlesa,d deh FkhA usrkth dh vk [kksa ij p'ek ugha FkkA ;g deh mudks tkuus okys lhkh yksxksa dh vk [kksa esa [kvdrh FkhA bl p'es dh deh dks dsivu p'esokyk iwjh djrk FkkA og usrkth dh izfrek dks viuh nqdku dk vlyh p'ek iguk nsrk FkkA mlds ikl fxus&pqus dqn Ýse FksA mugha esa ls dhkh xksy p'ek] rks dhkh pksdksj] dhkh yky] dhkh dkyk] dhkh /kwi dk p'ek rks dhkh cm+s dk pksa okyk xksxks p'ek gksrka 23

29 bugha esa ls og p'ek cny&cnydj usrkth dks iguk nsrk vksj muds izfr lppk izse o J)k&Hkko fn[kkrk FkkA bl izdkj usrkth dh izfrek laxejej dh Fkh ijurq ml ij p'ek vlyh gksrk FkkA (iv) usrkth egku Økafrdkjh lqhkk"kpunz cksl Fks ftugksaus ns'k dh vkt+knh ds fy, vius thou dk cfynku ns fn;k FkkA muds nks izfl) ukjs Fks - ^rqe eq>s [kwu nks] esa rqegsa vkt+knh nw xk* vksj ^fnyyh pyks*a ;s ukjs vkt Hkh tu&tu dks ;kn gsaa bl izdkj os,d egku usrk Fks ftudk ns'k dh vkt+knh esa,d cgqr cm+k ;ksxnku FkkA uxjikfydk }kjk dlcs ds chp pksjkgs ij usrkth dh ewfrz yxokuk muds izfr J)k&Hkkouk dks n'kkzrk gs rfkk vkus okyh ihf<+;ksa esa ns'khkfdr dh Hkkouk mriuu djrk gsa oklro esa vkus okyh ih<+h Hkh usrkth ds izfr izse o J)k&Hkkouk j[krh gsa dsivu p'esokys dh e`r;q ds i'pkr~ cppksa us ljdams dk p'ek cukdj usrkth dh ewfrz dks iguk fn;k FkkA bl izdkj cpps Hkh ns'khkfdr dh Hkkouk j[krs gsa tks ewfrz ds mís'; dks lqy djrh gsa Question 7 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr x ka'k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^^cms+ Hkksys gsa vki ljdkj! vjs ekfyd] :i&jax cny nsus ls rks lquk gs vkneh rd cny tkrs gsaa fqj ;s rks fl;kj gsa** [HksM+s vksj HksfM+, gfj'kadj ijlkbz] [Bhede Aur Bhedeya Hari Shankar Parsai] (i) mi;qzdr dfku dksu] fdlls D;ksa dg jgk gs \ [2] (ii) cw<s+ fl;kj us HksfM+;s dk :i fdl izdkj cnyk \ [2] (iii) ;g dslh dgkuh gs] cw<s+ fl;kj us fdu rhu ckrksa dk [;ky j[kus ds fy, dgk \ [3] D;ks dgk \ (iv) fl;kjksa dks fdu&fdu jaxksa esa jaxk x;k \ os fdlds izrhd Fks \ bl dgkuh ls vkidks D;k f'k{kk feyrh gs \ [3] 24

30 (i) vf/kdrj ijh{kkffkz;ksa us bl iz u dk mrrj nsrs le; *odrk* vksj *Jksrk* rks lgh Li V fd, ij *D;ksa* dk mrrj Li V djus esa vlefkz jgsa dqn gh Nk= bl iz u dk mrrj larks ktud ns ldsa (ii) bl iz u dk mrrj fy[kus esa yxhkx lhkh fo kffkz;ksa us lqyrk gkfly dha O;kdj.k] orzuh o Hkk kk laca/kh =qfv;k dgha&dgha ij n`f Vxkspj gqbzaa (iii) iz u ds izfke Hkkx *;g dslh dgkuh gs* dk mrrj fy[kus es vf/kdka k Nk= vlefkz jgsa dqn fo kffkz;kas us Li V mrrj Hkh fn, ijurq vf/kdrj us fdlds izrhd o D;k f k{kk feyh\ ds mrrj larks ktud ugha fy[ksa vuko ;d folrkj jgk ijurq eq[; fcunqvksa dk vhkko ns[kk x;ka (iv) gkyk fd bl iz u ds rhuksa Hkkx ljy o Li V Fks A dqn fo kffkz;ksa us Li V mÿkj Hkh fn, ijurq vf/kdrj us ^fdlds izrhd* o ^D;k f k{kk feyh\* ds mÿkj larks ktud ugha fy[ks A vuko ;d folrkj jgk ijurq eq[; fcunqvksa dk vhkko ns[kk x;k d{kk esa funsz k Li V :i ls fn;k tk, fd fo kfkhz iz u ds izr;sd Hkkx dks /;kuiwozd i<+dj lvhd o eq[; fcunqvksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, iz uska ds mrrj fy[ksaa Hkk kk okd;&lajpuk rfkk O;kdj.k laca/kh =qfv;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, d{kk eas iqu% iqu% vh;kl djk;k tkuk pkfg,a fo kffkz;ksa dks ckj&ckj ;kn fnyk;k tk, fd os iz u dks /;kuiwozd i<+dj izlrqr Hkkxksa ds mrrj vyx&vyx vuqpnsnksa esa nasa v/;kid ikb ds Hkko dk xgjkbz ls v/;;u djkrs gq, mlls feyus okyh f k{kkvksa dk d{kk esa o.kzu djsaa fo kffkz;ksa dks ckj ckj ;kn fnyk;k tk, fd os iz u dks /;kuiwozd i<+dj izlrqr Hkkxksa ds mÿkj vyx&vyx vuqpnsn esa nsa A v/;kid ikb ds Hkko dk xgjkbz ls v/;;u djkrs gq, mlls feyus okyh f k{kkvksa dk d{kk esa o.kzu djsa A 25

31 Question 7 MARKING SCHEME (i) mi;qzdr dfku cw<+k fl;kj HksfM+;s ls ml le; dgrk gs tc HksfM+;k pquko izpkj ds ckjs esa lksp (ii) jgk FkkA HksfM+;s dks yx jgk Fkk fd HksM+s a la[;k esa T;knk gsa blfy, pquko esa ogh thrsaxh ubz ljdkj HksM+ksa dh cusxha vc mudk le; [kjkc vk x;k gsa mugsa rks lw[kh gfm+m;k Hkh pckus dks ugha feysaxha ml le; cw<+k fl;kj HksfM+;s dks lkurouk nsrk gs fd jaxs gq, fl;kj vkidk pquko izpkj djsaxs vksj pquko esa thr HksfM+;s dh gh gksxha cw<+s fl;kj us HksfM+;s dk :i cny fn;ka elrd ij fryd yxk;k] xys esa dabh igukbz vksj eq g esa?kkl ds fruds [kksal fn,a HksfM+;s dks iwjk lar cuk fn;ka (iii) ;g O;aX;kRed rfkk izrhdkred dgkuh gsa cw<s+ fl;kj us HksfM+;s ls rhu ckrksa dk [;ky j[kus dks (iv) dgk A viuh fgald vk [kksa dks Åij er mbkuk] ges'kk t+ehu dh vksj ns[kuk vksj dqn cksyuk er] ugha rks lkjk Hksn [kqy tk,xka HksM+ks dh lhkk esa vusd HksM+s vk, xh] lqanj&lqanj eqyk;e&eqyk;e] dgha HksfM+;k mugsa [kk u tk,a fl;kjksa dks rhu jaxksa esa jaxk x;ka ihys jax dk fl;kj cm+k fo}ku vksj fopkjd gsa dfo Hkh gs vksj ys[kd HkhA uhys jax dk fl;kj usrk vksj i=dkj gsa gjs jax dk fl;kj /kez xq# dk izrhd gsa bl dgkuh ls f'k{kk feyrh gs fd HksfM+;k :ih 'kks"kd oxz vius LokFkZ dh iwfrz ds fy, fef;k izpkj djrk gsa,oa 'kks"kdoxz ds vkj; esa iyus okyk lekt dk LokFkhZ oxz ftldk izrhd ;gk fl;kj dks cuk;k x;k gs] muds izpkj esa ;ksxnku nsrk gs ifj.kkelo:i HksfM+;s :ih Hkz"V usrk HksM+ :ih turk dk 'kks"k.k djrs gsa vr%,d vpnh 'kklu O;oLFkk ds fy, turk dks tkx:d gksuk im+sxk rhkk lq[k&le`f) vksj lqj{kk dk Lo.kZ;qx vk ik;sxka 26

32 Question 8 (Sahitya Sagar Poems) Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr i ka'k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh es fyf[k, : ^^es?k vk, cms+ cu&bu ds] l oj ds vkxs&vkxs ukprh&xkrh c;kj pyh] njokts&f[km+fd;k [kqyus yxh xyh&xyh] ikgqu T;ksa vk;s gksa] xk o esa 'kgj ds! es?k vk, cms+ cu&bu ds] l oj ds!** [es?k vk, lozs'oj n;ky ldlsuk] [Megh Aaye Sarveshwar Dayal Saxena] (i) es?k dgk vk, gq, gsa \ dfo dks es?k ns[kdj D;k izrhr gks jgk gs \ [2] (ii) ^c;kj* 'kcn ls vki D;k le>rs gsa \ dfo blds ckjs esa D;k crkuk pkgrk gs \ [2] (iii) njokts&f[km+fd;k D;ksa [kqyus yxh gsa \ fdldk Lokxr dgk ij fdl izdkj [3] fd;k tkus yxk gs \ dfo ds Hkko Li"V dhft;sa (iv) dfork dk dsunzh; Hkko fyf[k;sa [3] 27

33 (i) bl iz u ds izfke Hkkx esa Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a *es?k dgk vk,* dk mrrj fdlh us xk o fy[kk rks fdlh us * kgj* cgqr de fo kffkz;ksa us vkleku fy[kka iz u ds f}rh; Hkkx dk mrrj Hkh iw.kzr;k larks ktud ugha izkir gqvka (ii) c;kj* kcn dk vfkz fy[kus es dqn Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza iz u ds nwljs Hkkx esa Hkh eq[; fcunq vis{kkd`r de ik, x,a (iii)bl iz u ds rhu Hkkx FksA dfork dk Hkko u le> ikus ds dkj.k Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a eq[; fcunq iw.kzr;k Li V ugha fd, tk ldsa (iv) ;g iz u vklku o lk/kkj.k Fkk ijurq bl iz u dk larks ktud mrrj fy[kus esa Nk= iw.kzr;k lqy ugha gks ik,a eq[; fcunq vis{kkd`r de fn[kkbz fn,a dfork dk HkkokFkZ Li V Hkk kk esa le>k, A,d&,d iafdr dk vfkz Hkko lfgr fy[kok nsaa f k{k.k dk;z esa jkspdrk yk,aa ftlls fo kfkhz dfork ds Hkko dks vkrelkr~ dj ldsaa iz uksrrj dk fu;fer vh;kl djok, A kcnkfkz ;kn djokdj fy[kok ysaa Nk=ksa dks kcnksa ds vfkz iw.kzr;k Li V gksus pkfg,aa iz uksa ds ek/;e ls Hkh kcnksa ds vfkz iwnsaa Nk=ksa dks eksf[kd o fyf[kr vh;kl djok, A dfork dk vfkz rfkk HkkokFkZ ljy o Li V Hkk kk esa le>k;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd fo kfkhz iz uks ds mrrj nsrs le; Hkzfer u gksa A dfork i<+krs le; es?kksa ds vkus ds egro dk o.kzu djs aa izd`fr fp=.k eas ekuohdj.k vyadkj dh Hkh ppkz djs aa dfork ls lacaf/kr fhkuu&fhkuu izdkj ds fo ys k.kkred iz uska ds vh;kl ds }kjk HkkokfHkO;fDr dks iq V fd;k tkuk pkfg,a dfork ds dsunzh;hkko dh d{kk esa eksf[kd o fyf[kr :i ls [kwc ppkz djuh pkfg,a iz uksrrj ds }kjk Nk=ksa dh fopkjkfhko;fdr dh {kerk dk fodkl fd;k tkuk pkfg,a Question 8 MARKING SCHEME (i) vr;f/kd xehz ds i'pkr~ es?k vkleku esa f?kj vk, gsaa cknyksa dks ns[kdj dfo dks,slk izrhr gksrk gs tsls 'kgj ls dksbz esgeku ¼fdlh dk nkekn½ vk;k gks] tks cu&l oj dj u, /kqys vksj pedhys dim+s igudj cuk&buk pyk vk jgk gksa (ii) ^c;kj* gok dks dgk x;k gsa cknyksa ls igys muds vkus dh lwpuk nsus iqjokbz ¼iwjc ls vkusokyh 'khry gok½ py im+rh gs tks ekuks ukprh xkrh vkrh gsa ml ukp xkus dks ns[kus ds fy, xfy;ksa esa f[km+dh njokts [kqy tkrs gsaa xehza ds ckn 'khry ok;q dk vkuan ysus ds fy, os mugsa [kksy nsrs gsa,oa es?k :ih nkekn dks ns[kuk pkgrs gsaa (iii) xehz ls csgky yksx yw ls cpus ds fy, vius f[km+dh njokts can j[krs Fks vc 'khry ok;q dk vkuan ysus ds fy, os mugsa [kksy nsrs gsaa lkfk gh es?k:ih nkekn dks ns[kuk pkgrs gsaa ckny :ih esgeku ds vkxs ukpus xkus dk dk;z gok dj jgh gsa ftldks ns[kdj ism+ iks/ks >weus yxrs gsaa ckny Nk x, gsa ftlls lkjh izd`fr izluu gks tkrh gsa 28

34 (iv) bl dfork esa lkax:id vyadkj ds ek/;e ls xzkeh.k lald`fr esa nkekn ds vkus ij tks myykl dk okrkoj.k curk gs mlh myykl dks es?k :ih 'kgjh esgeku ds vkus ij fn[kk;k x;k gsa,d lky ds ckn vk, bl esgeku dks ns[kdj,d vksj Lokxr lrdkj rfkk myykl dk Hkko gs ogh nwljh rjq yecs le; ds ckn vkus ds dkj.k f'kdk;rsa Hkh gsaa bl rjg dfork esa dfo us cknyksa ds vkxeu dh rqyuk lt /kt dj vkus okys 'kgjh esgeku ls dh gsa Question 9 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr i ka'k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^^xq# xksfoan nkså [km+s dkds ykxw ik; A** cfygkjh xq# vkiuks ftu xksfoan fn;ks crk;aa tc esa Fkk rc gfj ugha] vc gfj gsa esa ukfga izse xyh vfr lk djh] rkes nks u lekfgaa [lk[kh dchj nkl] [Sakhi Kabir Das] (i) dfo fdlds ckjs esa D;k lksp jgs gsa \ [2] (ii) dfo fdlds Åij U;ksNkoj ¼leiZ.k½ gks tkuk pkgrs gsa rfkk D;ksa \ [2] (iii) bz'oj dk okl dgk ugha gksrk gs \ dfo gesa D;k R;kxus dh izsj.kk ns jgsa gsa \ dfo dk laf{kir ifjp; nsrs gq, crkb,a [3] (iv) ^lk djh* 'kcn dk D;k vfkz gs \ izse xyh ls dfo dk D;k rkri;z gs \ mlesa dksu nks,d [3] lkfk ugha jg ldrs gsa le>kb,a 29

35 (i) ;g iz u Nk=ksa dks cgqr vklku yxk vksj vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us bldk p;u fd;ka larks ktud mrrj Hkh izkir gq,a (ii) bl iz u ds nksuksa gh Hkkx iw.kzr;k Li V FksA vr% fo kffkz;ksa us leqfpr,oa Li V mrrj fn,a dqn Nk=ksa us xq: ds LFkku ij Hkxoku fy[k fn;ka (iii) vf/kdka k Nk= iz u ds izfke o f}rh; Hkkx dk mrrj nsus esa l{ke jgs ijurq dchj nkl th dk ifjp; nsus esa vlqy jgsa mugksaus dfo ds ckjs esa i<+k ugha Fkk vr% eux<+ar ifjp; fy[k fn;ka (iv) *lk djh* kcn dk vfkz fy[kus esa Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza orzuh esa v kq)rk n`f Vxkspj gqbza *izsexyh ls rkri;z*&iz u ds bl Hkkx dk mrrj vf/kdka k Nk= ugha ns ik,a iz u ds rhljs Hkkx dk vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lvhd mrrj fn;ka izr;sd nksgs dk vfkz Li V :i ls le>kus ij cy fn;k tk,a kcnkfkz,oa iz uksrrj dk eksf[kd o fyf[kr vh;kl izpqj ek=k esa djok;k tk,a nksgs Li V :i ls le>kus ds lkfk&lkfk fy[kkus ij Hkh cy nsaa HkkokFkZ dk ckj&ckj vh;kl djok;k tk,a iz uksa dk fyf[kr vh;kl vfuok;z :i ls djok, A dfo dk ifjp; vko ;d :i ls le>k, fdlh Hkh jpuk dks i<+kus ls iwoz v/;kid mlds jpukdkj ds iw.kz ifjp; ls Nk=ksa dks voxr djok, A izr;sd iafdr dk vfkz folrkjiwozd d{kk esa le>kuk vko ;d gsa blls Nk=ksa dks mrrj fy[kus esa lqfo/kk gksxha kcnksa ds vfkz o rkri;z Li V fd, tkus pkfg,aa 30

36 Question 9 MARKING SCHEME (i) dfo xq# vksj Hkxoku nksuksa ds ckjs esa lksprs gsaa muds lkeus tc nksuksa,d lkfk vk tkrs gsa rks muds eu esa iz'u mbrk gs fd og fdlds igys pj.k Nq;s@Nq, 'kh?kz gh og fu.kz; ysrs gsa fd og igys xq# ds pj.kksa esa J)k vksj HkfDr ls Lo;a dks funkoj@u;ksnkoj dj nsxsa D;ksafd xq# us gh mugsa bz'oj rd igq pus dk ekxz crk;k gsa (ii) dfo vius xq# ds Åij U;kSNkoj gks tkuk pkgrs gsa D;ksafd xq# us vkku :ih va/kdkj fevkdj Kku dk izdk'k fn;k gs ftlls og bz'oj rd igq p ldrs gsa vr% f'k"; ds fy, xq# dk egro xksfoan ls Hkh vf/kd gsa (iii) ftlds ân; esa vgadkj ¼?ke.M½ gksrk gs ogk Hkxoku dk okl ugha gks ldrk gsa vr% gesa igys vius vge~ dks R;kxuk gksxk rhkh ân; esa bz'oj dk okl gks ldrk gsa vgadkj,d vfhk'kki gsa vgadkjh O;fDr dhkh Hkxoku dks ugha ik ldrk gsa dchjnkl th fuxq.kz HkfDr /kkjk ds dfo FksA lekt lq/kkjd FksA bugksaus jke jghe,drk dk chm+k mbk;k FkkA budh Hkk"kk l/kqddm+h ;k iapesy f[kpm+h FkhA (iv) lk djh dk vfkz gs rax ¼NksVh½A izsexyh cgqr rax gksrh gs mlesa ;k rks Hkxoku jg ldrs gsa ;k fqj vgadkja nksuksa,d lkfk ugha jg ldrs gsaa vgadkjh O;fDr dhkh Hkxoku ds izse dks le> gh ugha ldrk gsa blfy, izse vksj vgadkj,d lkfk ân; esa ugha jg ldrs gsaa Question 10 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr i ka'k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : lquw xh ekrk dh vkokt+ jgw xh ejus dks rs;kja dhkh Hkh ml osnh ij nso u gksus nw xh vr;kpkjaa u gksus nwaxh vr;kpkj pyks] esa gks tkå cfynku ekr` eafnj ls gqbz iqdkj] p<+k nks eq>dks] gs HkxokuAA [ekr` eafnj dh vksj lqhknzk dqekjh pksgku] [Matri Mandir Ki Or Subhadra Kumari Chauhan] 31

37 (i) ^ekr` eafnj* ls D;k rkri;z gs \ ogk ls dof;=h dks D;k iqdkj lqukbz ns jgh gs \ [2] (ii) dof;=h viuh ekr`hkwfe dh j{kk ds fy, D;k djus dks rs;kj gs vksj D;ksa \ [2] (iii) eafnj rd igq pus ds ekxz esa dof;=h dks fdu&fdu dfbukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk im+rk gs \ [3] (iv) izlrqr i ka'k esa dof;=h dh fdl Hkkouk dks n'kkz;k x;k gs \ og bl dfork ds ekè;e ls ikbdksa dks D;k luns'k nsuk pkgrh gsa \ [3] (i) bl iz u esa *ekr`&eafnj* ls rkri;z T;knkrj fo kffkz;ksa us *ekrk dk eafnj fy[kka ; fi ;gk *ekr`hkwfe ls rkri;z FkkA iz u ds f}rh; Hkkx dk mrrj T;knkrj fo kffkz;ksa us lvhd fy[kka (ii) izlrqr iz u dk mrrj vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lvhd fy[kka dqn Nk= *D;ksa* dk mrrj lgh o Li V Hkk kk esa O;Dr ugha dj ik,a (iii) bl iz u ds mrrj esa vis{kkd`r de fcunq n`f Vxkspj gq,a,slk izrhr gks jgk Fkk fd Nk=ksa us dfork dk ikbu /;kuiwozd ugha fd;ka (iv) vf/kdrj fo kffkz;ksa us larks ktud mrrj fn,a dqn fo kffkz;ska ds mrrj iw.kzr;k Li V ugh FksA eq[; fcunqvksa dh deh ikbz xbza,d fcunq dks ckj&ckj nksgjk;k x;k FkkA dfork dk HkkokFkZ le>krs gq, mldk ewy Hkko,oa kkfcnd vfkz Hkh crk,aa fo kffkz;ksa dks le>k,a fd dfork esa kcnkfkz egroiw.kz Hkwfedk fuhkkrs gsa vr% os mugsa dablfk djsaa dfork dh O;k[;k djrs le;] chp&chp esa fo kffkz;ksa ls *dc] D;ksa] dgk o dsls* & tsls iz uksa dks iwnuk pkfg, rri pkr~ fyf[kr vh;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,a dfork ls lacaf/kr y?kq o nh?kz Lrjh; iz uksa dk d{kk esa vh;kl djok;k tkuk vfr vko ;d gs rc Nk= iz uksa ds mrrj fy[kus esa Hkzfer ugha gksaxsaa dfork dk ckj&ckj ikbu djkuk pkfg,a blls Nk=ksa dks ykhk gksxka dfork i<+kus ds i pkr~ fo kffkz;ksa dks dfork ls feyus okys lans k] izsj.kk,oa mn~ns ; dh eksf[kd ppkzdj fyf[kr vh;kl djk;k tkuk pkfg,a Question 10 MARKING SCHEME (i) ^ekr` eafnj* ls rkri;z tuehkwfe ls gsa Hkkjr Hkwfe dof;=h dh vklfkk dk eafnj gsa bls og,d ikou eafnj ds lkeku iwtuh; ekurh gs D;ksafd ;gk Hkkjr ekrk fojkteku gsaa dof;=h ns'kizse dh Hkkouk ls vfhkhkwr gsaa tc os vius ns'k dks fofhkuu lel;kvksa ls f?kjk ns[krh gsa rks mudk ân; nq[kh gks tkrk gsa mugsa,slk eglwl gksrk gs ekuks Hkkjr ekrk vius liwrksa dks ns'k dh j{kk ds fy, iqdkj jgh gsaa ns'k /kez] tkfr] oxz vkfn ds uke ij c Vk gqvk gsa yksxksa esa vkilh erhksn] eueqvko o ym+kbz&>xm+s gksrs jgrs gsa] ftlls Hkkjr ekrk vkgr gksrh gsaa vr% dof;=h ns'kokfl;ksa ls vkil esa izse rfkk HkkbZpkjs ls jgus dh izkfkzuk djrh gs rkfd lhkh lq[kh] le`) o [kq'kgky jg ldsaa 32

38 (ii) dof;=h ds eu esa vius ns'k ds izfr vuwbh HkfDr o izse&hkkouk gs blfy, og ml ij ej&fevus dks Hkh rs;kj gsa mudk ekuuk gs fd ;fn ns'k fdlh Hkh dfbukbz ;k eqlhcr esa gks rks og mldh j{kk ds fy, vius thou dk cfynku ns nsxha vkt ns'k esa Å p&uhp] tkr&ikr] vehj&xjhc vkfn ds uke ij >xm+s&q+lkn gks jgs gsaa pkjksa rjq v'kkafr o vr;kpkj dk okrkoj.k gsa,sls esa Hkkjr ekrk viuh j{kk ds fy, iqdkj jgh gs vr% ns'k esa ln~hkkouk o 'kkafr LFkkfir djus ds fy, dof;=h viuk cfynku nsus dks Hkh rs;kj gsa (iii) dof;=h ns'kizse dh Hkkouk ls vksrizksr gsa og Hkkjr ekrk dh iqdkj ij mldh j{kk ds fy, ekr` eafnj dh vksj tkuk pkgrh gs ijurq ogk rd igq pus dk ekxz cgqr dfbu gsa jklrs esa vusd vm+pus gsaa ogk cm+h&cm+h ck/kk, miflfkr djus okys igjsnkj [km+s gsaa eafnj ds ekxz esa Å ph&å ph lhf<+;k gsa ftu ij p<+uk cgqr dfbu gsa dof;=h ds isj cgqr detksj gsa] lh<+h ij ik o j[krs gh fqly tkrs gsaa bl izdkj dof;=h dks ns'k&lsok ds ekxz ij pyrs gq, vusd dfbukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk im+rk gsa (iv) izlrqr dfork esa dof;=h dh lpph ns'khkfdr] ns'k ds izfr izse] lsok o cfynku dh Hkkouk n'kkzb xbz gsa mlesa drzo;fu"bk] n`+<+rk] LQwfrZ] vklfkk o ln~hkkouk gs ftlds }kjk og vius ns'k dh j{kk djuk pkgrh gsa dof;=h ikbdksa ds ân; esa ns'k ds izfr izse o drzo; Hkkouk tkx`r djuk pkgrh gsa vkt+knh ds ckn Hkh ns'k dbz lel;kvksa ls tw> jgk gsa Å p&uhp] tkr&ikr rfkk vehjh&xjhch dk HksnHkko ekuk tkrk gsa ftlls vkil esa fgalk] uqjr] }s"k Hkko o vr;kpkj c<+rs gsaa dof;=h ns'k dh j{kk] lq[k] 'kkfur o le`f) ds fy, ikbdksa dks cfynku nsus ds fy, rs;kj jgus dks dgrh gsa 33

39 Question 11 (Naya Rasata Sushma Agarwal) Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^^ek dks yxk] 'kk;n vfer lfjrk ds fj'rs dks rs;kj ugha gsa blfy, og cksyh**] ^^csvs] O;ogkj dk rks fdlh dk Hkh irk ugha gsa u lfjrk ds ckjs esa gh dqn dgk tk ldrk gs vksj u gh ehuw ds ckjs esa O;ogkj dk rks lkfk jgus ij gh irk pyrk gsa** (i) ek dks dsls irk pyrk gs fd vfer lfjrk ds fj'rs ds fy, rs;kj ugha gs \ [2] (ii) vfer ds firk ek;kjke th lfjrk ds fj'rs dks D;ksa ugh Lohdkj djuk pkgrs gsa \ [2] (iii) vfer vksj lfjrk dk fj'rk r; gksus ds fy, ek fdldks vksj D;ksa mdlkrh gs\ ek dh,slh [3] /kkj.kk ls muds LoHkko ds ckjs esa D;k irk pyrk gs \ le>kdj fyf[k;sa (iv) 'kknh ds fo"k; esa lekt dh D;k ijeijk gs \ vki blls dgk rd lger gsa \ Li"V dhft;sa [3] (i) dbz Nk=ksa us bl iz u dk mrrj larks ktud fy[kk ijurq dbz Nk=ksa ds mrrj esa eq[;&fcunq vis{kkd`r de ik, x,a,slk izrhr gks jgk Fkk fd Nk=ksa us iqlrd dks /;kuiwozd ugha i<+ka (ii) bl iz u dk mrrj Hkh de gh fo kfkhz ns ik,a vu; Nk= mrrj fy[krs le; Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a vr% leqfpr o lvhd mrrj fy[kus esa vlqy jgsa (iii) vf/kdka k fo kfkhz bl iz u dk lvhd mrrj fy[k ik,a iz u ds vafre Hkkx esa ek ds LoHkko ds ckjs esa dqn Nk= ugha fy[k ik,a (iv) ;g,d fopkjkred iz u FkkA ftlesa vf/kdka k Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a muesa ifjido fopkjska dh deh n`f Vxkspj gqbza Nk= ngst dh ijaijk vksj mlds laca/k esa vius fopkj eq[;r;k ugha fy[k ik,a miu;kl ckj&ckj i<+uk pkfg,a vkxs ds vad i<+rs le; finyh?kvukvksa dks nksgjkuk pkfg,a fo kfkhz,dkxzfprr gksdj izr;sd v/;k; ij /;ku nsaa gj v/;k; dh eq[; ckrsa d{kk esa fy[kok nsuh pkfg,aa iz uksrrj dk Hkh leqfpr vh;kl djokuk vko ;d gsa Nk=ksa dks miu;kl ds mn~ns ; o eq[;?kvukvksa ls iw.kzr;k ifjfpr djok, A eq[; ckrksa dk folrkjiwozd o.kzu djs aa iz uksrrj dk eksf[kd o fyf[kr vh;kl djok, A iz u ds vuqlkj mrrj fy[krs le; lgh fcunqvksa ds p;u ij cy nsaa ik=ksa ds uke o mudh pkfjf=d fo ks krkvksa ls fo kffkz;ksa dks voxr djok, A miu;kl i<+krs le; fo kffkz;ksa dks mnkgj.kksa o,sls rf;ksa ls voxr djk;k tkuk pkfg,a tks Nk=ksa ds fy, ykhknk;d gsa ;g miu;kl dk ewy fo k; gsa ngst dh lel;k mldh cqjkbz;k Hkh vo ; folrkj ls crk,aa ;g ijaijk xyr gsa vr% bls lekir djds gh yksxksa dk thou [kq kgky cu ldrk gsa 34

40 Question 11 MARKING SCHEME (i) ek tc vfer ls lfjrk ds fj'rs ds fy, dgrh gs rks og dgrk gs fd ek D;k cm+s?kj dh csvh rqegkjs lkfk jg ldsxh \ D;k og gekjs?kj ds okrkoj.k esa?kqy&fey ldsxh \ vfer dh bu ckrksa dks lqudj ek dks irk pyrk gs fd vfer lfjrk ds fj'rs ds fy, rs;kj ugha gsa (ii) vfer ds firk ek;kjke th lfjrk ds fj'rs dks bl fy, Lohdkj djuk ugha pkgrs Fks D;ksafd mudks Hkh dgha u dgha bl ckr dk vkhkkl gks jgk Fkk fd cm+s?kj dh ym+dh tks vius lkfk <sj lkjk ngst rks yk,xh ysfdu ifjokj okyksa ds lkfk feydj ugha jg ldsxha (iii) vfer vksj lfjrk dk fj'rk r; gksus ds fy, ek vius ifr ek;kjke th dks mdlkrh gs rkfd og ehjkiqj okys n;kjke th dks i= fy[kdj muls mudh NksVh csvh vk'kk dk fj'rk vfer ds fy, ek x ysa blls n;kjke th budkj dj nsaxs D;ksafd cm+h csvh ds fookg ls igys og viuh NksVh csvh dk fookg ugha dj ldsaxs vksj fqj vfer dk fj'rk /kuhey dh csvh ds lkfk dj fn;k tk,xka ek dh,slh /kkj.kk ls muds LoHkko ds ckjs esa irk pyrk gs fd og,d LokFkhZ vksj ngst ykshkh efgyk gsaa og vf/kd ngst feyus ds ykyp esa ehuw tslh i<+h&fy[kh vksj laldkjh ym+dh dk fj'rk Bqdjk nsrh gsa muds fy, /ku ls vf/kd fdlh izdkj dh Hkkouk dksbz egro ugha j[krh gsa (iv) 'kknh ds fo"k; esa gekjs lekt esa ;g ijaijk fo eku gs fd ym+dh okyksa dks ges'kk fookg&'kknh ds le; NksVk le>k tkrk gsa ym+ds okys vius vkidks cgqr mpp le>rs gsaa ngst ds fy, ym+dh okyksa dks izrkfm+r fd;k tkrk gsa mpp f'k{kk izkir ym+dh dks Hkh mfpr eku&leeku ugha fn;k tkrk gsa tgk rd esjk fopkj gs esa bl lkekftd dqjhfr dk fojks/k djrk g wa vkt ds oskkfud ;qx esa ym+ds,oa ym+dh esa dksbz QdZ ugha gksuk pkfg,a gekjs [kqn ds ifjokj esa Hkh ym+fd;ksa ds gksrs gq, ge nwljksa dh ym+dh ds fy, ghu Hkkouk j[krs gsaa,slh /kkj.kk j[kuk fcydqy xyr gsa 35

41 Question 12 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^^ehuw us vfer ds dejs esa izos'k fd;k] rks ns[kk fd vfer vius iyax ij ysvk gqvk gsa ehuw dks ns[kdj mugksaus mls izseiwozd csbk;ka mls ns[kdj vfer ds eqj>k;s psgjs ij Hkh [kq'kh dh ygj nksm+ xbza** (i) ehuw vfer dks ns[kus dgk xbz Fkh\ tkrs le; og eu esa D;k lksp jgh Fkh \ [2] (ii) dejs esa izos'k djrs gh mlus D;k ns[kk \ vfer dh ek us ehuw ls D;k iwnk\ mlus D;k [2] mùkj fn;k \ (iii) ehuw ds odkyr ikl djus ij vfer dh ek dks fo'ks"k [kq'kh D;ksa gks jgh Fkh \ D;k mugsa [3] viuh xyrh dk vglkl gks x;k Fkk\ rdziw.kz mùkj nhft;sa (iv) ehuw ds ân; esa cpiu ls gh fdlds izfr n;k dh Hkkouk Fkh \ og mudh fdl izdkj lgk;rk djus dk fu'p; dj jgh gs \ [3] 36

42 (i) vf/kdka k Nk= iz u ds izfke Hkkx dk mrrj rks Li V :i ls fy[k ik, ijurq f}rh; Hkkx dk mrrj fy[kus esa Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a os ehuw ds eu dh n kk dk larks ktud o.kzu ugha dj ik,a (ii) dqn Nk= dejs ds n` ; dk o.kzu Bhd ls ugha dj ik,a f}rh; o r`rh; Hkkx esa Hkh dqn Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a ehuw odkyr i<+ jgh gs ;k izsfdv~l dj jgh gsa bl ckr esa Nk=ksa dks lansg FkkA (iii) bl rkfdzd iz u ds izfke Hkkx esa Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza os eq[; ckrsa iw.kzr;k Li V ugha dj ik,a f}rh; Hkkx esa Hkh eq[; fcunq Li V ugha FksA bldk dkj.k ifjido fopkjksa dh deh rfkk vh;kl dh U;wurk n`f Vxkspj gksrk gsa (iv) bl iz u dk mrrj fy[kus esa Hkh Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a os jktks o euskgj ds ukeksa dk myys[k djus ds cnys dqn vu; uke fy[k x,a iku dh nqdku [kqyokus okyh ckr cgqr de fo kfkhz fy[k ik,a d{kk esa iz uska dk eksf[kd o fyf[kr vh;kl djokuk vko ;d gsa fopkjkred iz uska ij Hkh ppkz djs aa iz u ds izr;sd igyw ij /;ku nsus dk funsz k nsaa,d iz u esa nks ;k rhu iz uska dk lekos k dj vh;kl djok, A blls Nk= ykhkkfuor gksxsaa miu;kl dh eq[;?kvukvksa dk eapu djok;k tk ldrk gsa blls Nk=ksa dks?kvukøe ;kn j[kus esa lqfo/kk gksxha vkxs ds v/;k; i<+kus ls iwoz finyh?kvukvksa dks d{kk es nksgjk ysuk pkfg,a rdziw.kz iz uska dk d{kk esa ;Fkksfpr vh;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,a d{kk esa *okn&fookn* Hkh vk;ksftr fd;k tk ldrk gs] ftlls Nk=ksa dh rkfdzd {kerk dk fodkl gksa miu;kl ds mn~ns ;] dsunzh; Hkko vkfn dh ppkz ckj&ckj d{kk esa dh tk,a eq[; ik=ksa dk ifjp; o?kvukvksa dk fooj.k fn;k tk,a eksf[kd o fyf[kr iz uska dk vh;kl ykhknk;d gksxka MARKING SCHEME Question 12 (i) ehuw vfer dks ns[kus vlirky xbz FkhA vlirky tkrs le; mlds eu esa fopkj vk jgk Fkk fd og vlirky tk, ;k ughaa dbz ckj mlds ân; us mls okil eqm+ tkus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k ijurq vur esa mlds dne vlirky dh vksj c<+rs x,a mlus ns[kk fd og vlirky ds lkeus [km+h FkhA (ii) vfer ds dejs esa izos'k djrs gh ehuw us ns[kk fd vfer vius iyax ij ysvk gqvk gs vksj viuh ek ls ckrsa dj jgk gsa vfer dh ek us ehuw ls iwnk fd mldh odkyr dh i<+kbz iwjh gks xbz gs D;k \ ehuw us mùkj esa flj fgykdj dgk fd izfke Js.kh esa odkyr ikl dj yh gs vksj esjb esa gh izsfdvl Hkh 'kq: dj nh gsa (iii) ehuw ds odkyr ikl djus ij vfer dh ek dks fo'ks"k izluurk gks jgh Fkh fd og vius isjks ij [km+h gks xbz gsa vkrefuhkzj gks xbz gsa mudk ym+dk vfer,dlhmsav ds dkj.k fclrj ij gsa mldk iq= ehuw dks gh I;kj djrk gs vc ehuw ls fookg gksus ij og vfer dk lgkjk cu tk,xha mlds csvs ds lkfk da/ks ls da/kk feykdj pysxh muds cq<+kis dk Hkh lgkjk cu tk,xha blfy, 37

43 vfer dh ek ehuw ds odhy cu tkus ij cgqr izluu gsa mls viuh xyrh dk vglkl gks x;k Fkk D;ksafd ehuw us vfer dks ml le; viuk;k tc og vlirky esa vlgk; im+k gqvk FkkA ftl vehj ym+dh ls mlus vfer dh 'kknh r; djkbz Fkh og fj'rk rksm+dj pyh x;h Fkh mlds vehj firk us vfer dks NksM+dj viuh iq=h dk nwljs ym+ds ls fookg djus dk fu'p; dj fy;k FkkA ehuw us vfer dks mlh vlgk; volfkk esa Lohdkj dj fy;k Fkk D;ksafd og vfer ls lppk I;kj djrh FkhA vfer dh ek dh vk [ksa [kqy xbz FkhA mls vkre&fuhkzj ehuw ij xoz,oa izluurk gks jgh FkhA (iv) ehuw dks cpiu ls gh vlgk;,oa vikfgt yksxksa ds izfr n;k dh Hkkouk FkhA jktks ds ppsjs HkkbZ ftldk,d isj dvk gqvk Fkk vksj lh/ks gkfk dh nks vaxqfy;k xk;c ns[kdj mldk ân; d:.kk ls Hkj x;ka ehuw us eu gh eu fu'p; fd;k fd og fdlh u fdlh :i esa euksgj dh lgk;rk vo'; djsxha fookg ds Qkyrw [kpz esa ls dqn #i;s cpkdj vikfgt euksgj dh lgk;rk djus dk fu'p; dj fy;ka ehuw us fu'p; fd;k fd og euksgj dks ^iku dh nqdku* djk nsxha,d isj vksj lh/ks gkfk dh nks vaxqfy;k ugha gas rks D;k gqvk \ ckdh rhu vaxqfy;ksa ds lgkjs iku rks yxk gh ldrk gsa ik p gtkj #i;ksa esa iku dh nqdku vklkuh ls [kksyh tk ldrh gsa mlus euksgj dks iku dh nqdku [kqyok dj euksgj dh ftanxh lq/kkj nha Question 13 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fueufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : vfer dk uke lqurs gh njokts+ dh vksj ihb fd, csbh ehuw us eqm+dj ns[kk rks og vk'p;zpfdr jg xbza ehuw tc Hkh vfer dks ns[krh] mlds eu esa vthc lh?k`.kk mriuu gks tkrha vfer o mlds lhkh fe= ogk vk pqds Fks ijurq ehuw vhkh Hkh lksp esa Mwch gqbz FkhA (i) ehuw bl le; dgk Fkh \ ogk vfer ls mldh dsls eqykdkr gks xbz \ [2] (ii) ehuw vksj vfer ds chp D;k lecu/k Fkk \ og mlls?k`.kk D;ksa djrh Fkh \ [2] (iii) mls ogk fdl lppkbz dk irk pyk \ mu ckrksa dk mlij D;k izhkko im+k \ [3] (iv) ^^ehuw ifjflfkfr;ksa ls gkj ekuus okyh dksbz lk/kkj.k ukjh ugha Fkh** Li"V dhft, fd mlus vius thou dks dsls ubz fn'kk nh \ [3] 38

44 (i) dqn fo kfkhz iz u ds izfke Hkkx eas ehuw dh lgsyh dk Ukke uhfyek fy[kus es vlefkz jgsa uke fy[kuk vfuok;z gsa iz u ds nwljs Hkkx esa ukedj.k laldkj dh txg fookgksrlo vfkok?kj fy[kdj ykijokgh fn[kkbza (ii) iz u ds nwljs Hkkx eas Nk=ksa dks dqn dfbukbz gqbza?k`.kk dk dkj.k Li V :i ls os ugha fy[k ik,a eq[; fcunqvksa dk vhkko ik;k x;ka (iii) bl iz u ds mrrj esa fo kffkz;ska us eq[; fcunqvksa ij /;ku u nsdj vr;f/kd folrkj ls mrrj fy[k fn;k ijurq lvhd mrrj u fey ik;ka (iv) vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ksa us bl iz u dk mrrj fy[kus dk lqy iz;kl fd;k ijurq *ehuw us vius thou dks dsls ubz fn kk nh* dk mrrj dqn fo kfkhz leqfpr :i ls ugha fy[k ik,a miu;kl i<+krs le; eq[; fcunqvksa]?kvukvska rfkk ukeksa dh vksj fo kffkz;ksa dk /;ku vkdf kzr dj mugsa js[kkafdr djok, A v/;k; ds izr;sd igyw ij fo ks k /;ku vkdf kzr djk dj O;k[;k dh tkuh pkfg, rkfd fo kffkz;ksa dks?kvukøe le> eas vk, vksj ijh{kk esa os lgh o lvhd mrrj fy[kus eas l{ke gksa d{kk esa iz uksrrj dk vh;kl djkrs le; Nk=ksa dks ;g funsz k fn;k tk, fd vad o Hkkx ds vuqlkj eq[; fcunqvksa ij /;ku nsrs gq, Nk= iz uska ds mrrj nsaa fo kffkz;ksa dks miu;kl ckj&ckj i<+us ds fy, izksrlkfgr djs aa fopkjkred iz uksa dk fu;fer vh;kl djok, A Question 13 MARKING SCHEME (i) ehuw esjb esa jgdj odkyr dj jgh FkhA bl le; og viuh?kfu"b lgsyh uhfyek ds?kj ij vkbz FkhA og mldh cpiu dh l[kh FkhA mldk fookg lqjsunz ds lkfk gqvk Fkk] tks esjb dk jgus okyk FkkA fookg ds ckn uhfyek Hkh esjb esa vkdj cl xbz FkhA dqn fnu iwoz mlds ;gk iq= isnk gqvk FkkA mlh ds ukedj.k laldkj esa og 'kkfey gksus ds fy, muds?kj vkbz FkhA ogha mldh eqykdkr vfer ls gqbza vfer uhfyek ds ifr lqjsunz dk ije fe= Fkk blfy, og Hkh ml mrlo esa 'kkfey gqvk FkkA (ii) ehuw vksj vfer ds chp fj'rs dh ckr pyh FkhA vfer vksj mlds ifjokj&tu mls ns[kus vk, FksA vfer dh ckrksa ls ehuw dks,slk yxk Fkk fd og mls ilan vk xbz FkhA vr% mldk eu fookg ds lius cquus yxk FkkA dqn fnuksa ds i'pkr vfer ds firkth dk i= vk;k Fkk ftlesa mugksaus fy[kk Fkk fd mugs fj'rs ds fy, vk'kk ilan FkhA vk'kk ehuw dh NksVh cgu FkhA blls iwjk ifjokj fujk'k gks x;k Fkk ijurq fdlh rjg mlds firkth eu cukdj vk'kk dk vfer ds lkfk fj'rk iddk djus x, rks ogk tkdj mugsa irk pyk fd vfer ds ekrk&firk us mldk fj'rk uxj ds /kuk<~; O;fDr /kuhey th dh iq=h ds lkfk r; dj fn;k gsa os ngst esa ik p yk[k #i;s yxk jgs FksA ;g lc tkudj ehuw dks vfer ls?k`.kk gks xbz FkhA vfer dk ifjokj ngst+ dk ykshkh fudyk FkkA lkfk gh mugksaus vk'kk dk gkfk ek xdj tks /kks[ks Hkjh pky pyh Fkh blls ehuw vfer ls uqjr djus yxh FkhA 39

45 (iii) tc ehuw uhfyek ds iq= ds ukedj.k laldkj esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, mlds?kj xbz rks ogk mls uhfyek ls irk pyk fd vfer] uhfyek ds ifr lqjsunz dk fe= FkkA mldk esjb ds fdlh?kjkus esa fj'rk r; gksdj VwV x;k FkkA fookg ls,d ekg iwoz ym+dh okyksa us viuh iq=h dks ngst+ esa,d ysv nsus dh ckr dgh FkhA ;g ckr vfer o mlds ekrk&firk dks ilan ugha vkbza vfer vius ekrk&firk ls vyx gksdj viuh x`glfkh ugha clkuk pkgrk Fkk vr% mudk fj'rk VwV x;ka uhfyek us ;g Hkh crk;k fd vfer us ehjkiqj esa,d ym+dh ns[kh Fkh tks mugsa ilan Hkh vkbz Fkh ijurq ml le; muds ekrk&firk dh xyrh ls og fj'rk ugha gks ldka vfer vkt Hkh os ;g pkgrs gsa fd ;fn ml ym+dh dh 'kknh u gqbz gks rks os mlh ls 'kknh djsaa ml ym+dh us viuh igyh eqykdkr esa gh u tkus mu ij D;k tknw dj fn;k FkkA uhfyek dks ;g Kkr ugha Fkk fd og ym+dh ehuw gh FkhA ;s lkjh ckrsa lqudj ehuw ds ân; ls vfer ds izfr?k`.kk ds Hkko nwj gks x,a (iv) ehuw,d lk/kkj.k O;fDrRo okyh gksugkj ;qorh FkhA og ifjflfkfr;ksa ls dhkh gkj ugha ekurh FkhA fookg ds fy, dbz ym+ds ns[kus vk;s Fks ijurq fdlh us mls lk oyh rks fdlh us mls dn dh NksVh dgdj Bqdjk fn;k FkkA bu ckrksa ds dkj.k mlus viuk eukscy fxjus ugha fn;ka mlus ;g fu'p; fd;k fd vc og fookg gh ugha djsxh vksj vius isjksa ij [km+h gksxha og cpiu ls gh odhy cuuk pkgrh FkhA vr% mlus viuh odkyr dh i<+kbz 'kq: dj nha bl izdkj mlus vius thou dks,d ubz fn'kk nha mlus vius dbksj ifjje] n`<+ bpnk'kfdr] yxu] vkrefo'okl o cqf)erk ls izfke Js.kh esa odkyr dh f'k{kk iw.kz dha bl izdkj og vkrefuhkzj cudj iq#"k lekt ds da/ks ls da/kk feykdj dke djus yx xbza vr% ge dg ldrs gs fd ehuw us viuh detksfj;ksa ij fot; izkir dj lekt esa,d felky dk;e dha 40

46 Question 14 [Ekanki Sanchay] Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^^ngst nsuk rks nwj] ckjkr dh [kkfrj Hkh Bhd ls ugha dh xbza esjs uke ij tks /kcck yxk] esjh 'kku essa tks Bsl igq ph] Hkjh fcjknjh esa tks g lh gqbz] ml djkjh pksv dk?kko vkt Hkh gjk gsa tkvks] dg nsuk viuh ek ls fd vxj csvh dks fonk djkuk pkgrh gs rks igys ml?kko ds fy, ejge HkstsA** [cgw dh fonk fouksn jlrksxh] [Bahu Ki Vida Vinod Rastogi] (i) izlrqr dfku fdlus]fdlls dgk \ lunhkz lfgr mùkj fyf[k,a [2] (ii) ^ejge* dk D;k vfkz gs \ ;gk ejge ls D;k rkri;z gs \ Li"V dhft,a [2] (iii) odrk ds pfj= dh fo'ks"krk, fyf[k,a [3] (iv) izlrqr,dkadh esa fdl lel;k dks mbk;k x;k gs \ ml lel;k dks nwj djus ds fy, D;k&D;k dne mbk, tk jgs gsa \ vius fopkj nhft,a [3] 41

47 (i) ;g iz u Nk=ksa dks vklku yxk rfkk vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ska us bl dk p;u fd;ka dqn Nk= Jksrk vksj odrk ds uke ds chp Hkzfer jgsa dqn Nk=ksa us uke u fy[kdj deyk ds llqj o HkkbZ fy[k fn;ka iz u ds nwljs Hkkx dk lanhkz fy[kus esa dqn Nk= vlqy jgsa (ii) dqn Nk= ejge dk vfkz fy[kus esa vlqy jgsa T;knkrj Nk=ksa us vfkz dh vogsyuk djrs gq, rkri;z esa *ik p gtkj :i, ngst dh jde fy[kka (iii)vf/kdrj fo kffkz;ksa us odrk dh pkfjf=d fo ks krk, lvhd fy[kha ijurq dqn fo kffkz;ksa us eq[; fcunq u fy[kdj iwjh dgkuh fy[k MkyhA okd; lajpuk esa =qfv;k fn[kkbz nhaa (iv),dkadh es mbkbz xbz ngst dh lel;k dk myys[k rks lhkh Nk=ksa us fd;k ijurq bl lel;k ds lek/kku gsrq mbk, tkus okys dneksa dk o.kzu djus eas v{ke fn[kkbz fn,a eq[; fcunqvksa dk vhkko ik;k x;ka v/;kid Nk=ksa dks,dkadh ckj&ckj i<+us ds fy, izksrlkfgr djs aa,dkadh dk eapu djok, odrk] Jksrk] izlax o lanhkz iwnrs gq, vh;kl&iz u djok, A ikb dh O;k[;k djrs le; kcnksa ds vfkz le>kdj fy[kok Hkh fn, tk, A iz uksrrj eksf[kd o fyf[kr nksuksa fof/k ls djok, tk,aa Nk=ksa dks /;ku iwozd iz u i<+us dk funsz k nsa aa /;ku jgs fd tc iz u nks vyx vyx Hkkxska esa iwns x, gsa rks muds mÿkj Hkh fhkuu gksxsaa ikb dh O;k[;k djrs le; eq[; ik=ksa dh pkfjf=d fo ks krk, js[kkafdr djok nsa rfkk mugsa ;kn djus ds fy, izsfjr djs aa ys[ku dk;z dk vh;kl ckj&ckj djokuk vfuok;z gs] ftlls Nk=ksa esa Hkk kk Kku c<+sxk rfkk os kq) fy[kus es l{ke gksaxsa d{kk esa i<+k, x, ikb ls lacaf/kr lkeku; Kku dh ckrsa Hkh Nk=ksa dks crkbz tk,aa Nk=ksa dks bl rjg ds fopkjkred iz uksa dk fyf[kr vh;kl djok;k tk,a Question 14 MARKING SCHEME (i) izlrqr dfku thouyky us viuh cgw deyk ds HkkbZ izeksn ls dgka og viuh cgu deyk dks mlds igys lkou ds eksds ij fonk djkus vk;k FkkA tc mlus deyk ds llqj thouyky th ls deyk dks Hkstus dh izkfkzuk dh rks mugksaus viuh ukjkt+xh n'kkzba mudk dguk Fkk fd fookg esa ngst nsuk rks nwj ckjkr dh [kkfrj Hkh vpnh rjg ls ugha dh xbza blls muds eku&leeku dks Bsl igq ph gasa muds ân; ij xgjs?kko gq, gsa mlds fy, mugsa ejge pkfg, vksj ml ejge dh dher gs ik p gt+kj #i,a tc os ik p gt+kj dh jde ns nsaxs rhkh deyk fonk gksxha (ii) ^ejge* dk vfkz vks"kf/k ¼nokbZ½ gs tks 'kjhj ij yxs?kko dks Bhd djus ds dke vkrh gsa bls t+[e ij yxk fn;k tkrk gs vksj dqn gh fnuksa esa t+[e Hkj tkrk gsa (iii) ;gk ij ^ejge* 'kcn dk iz;ksx deyk ds llqj thouyky th us ngst+ ds fy, fd;k gsa mugksaus ml ejge dh dher ik p gt+kj #i, r; dh FkhA mudk dguk Fkk fd fookg esa ngst+ iwjk ugha fn;k x;ka blls mudh fcjknjh esa g lh mm+h gsa muds eku&leeku dks Bsl igq ph gsa bl vieku :ih pksv dk?kko vkt Hkh gjk gsa ;fn mldh ek csvh dks fonk djuk pkgrh gs rks ml pksv ds ejge ds :i esa ik p gt+kj #i, vnk dj nsaa thouyky bl,dkadh ds izeq[k ik= gasa os ftíh LoHkko ds ^LokFkhZ] vfhkekuh o dbksj O;fDr gsaa os ngst+ ds ykshkh Hkh gsaa de ngst+ feyus ds dkj.k viuh cgw dks igys lkou ds eksds ij 42

48 (iv) ek;ds ugha tkus nsrsa bruk gh ugha] os mlds HkkbZ izeksn dks [kwc [kjh&[kksvh lqukdj viekfur Hkh djrs gsa os csvh vksj cgw eas varj ekurs gsaa mudh rqyuk esa vius?kjkus dks izfrf"br crkrs gasa mugsa bl ckr dk cgqr xoz gksrk gs fd mugksaus viuh csvh xksjh dh 'kknh esa cgqr lkjk ngst+ fn;k gs vksj ckjkr dh [kwc [kkfrj Hkh dh gsa,sls esa tc mlds llqjky okys Hkh ngst+ de feyus ds dkj.k xksjh dks fonk ugha djrs rks os HkkSpDds jg tkrs gsa] mugsa cqjk&hkyk dgrs gsa ijurq blds lkfk gh mudk ân; ifjofrzr gks tkrk gsa os,dne fi?ky tkrs gsa mugsa viuh xyrh dk vglkl gks tkrk gs vksj os viuh cgw dks fonk dj viuh Hkwy lq/kkj ysrs gasa izlrqr,dkadh esa ^ngst dh lel;k* dks mbk;k x;k gsa ;g,d lkekftd cqjkbz gs tks lekt dks [kks[kyk cuk jgh gsa lekt dh muufr ds fy, bls nwj djuk vfr vko';d gsa ngst dh cfyosnh ij u tkus fdruh du;k, HksaV p<+ pqdh gsaa gj fnu,slh nq[kn?kvuk,?kfvr gksrh jgrh gsaa bl lel;k dks nwj djus ds fy, ^L=h f'k{kk* dk izlkj djuk pkfg,a f'kf{kr ym+dh vius isjksa ij [km+h gks tkrh gs vksj og vius Åij gks jgs vr;kpkjksa ds f[kykq vkokt+ mbkuk tkurh gsa ym+fd;ksa ds fy, ljdkj us fu%'kqyd f'k{kk dk izca/k fd;k gsa ljdkj dh ^csvh cpkvks] csvh i<+kvks* rfkk ^lqdu;k* ;kstuk dkqh dkjxj lkfcr gks jgh gsaa ljdkj ngst ds yksfhk;ksa dks dm+h lt+k nsrh gsa xsj ljdkjh lalfkku Hkh egroiw.kz Hkwfedk vnk djrs gsaa lkfgr;dkj viuh ekfezd dforkvksa] dgkfu;ksa o ukvd vkfn ds }kjk yksxksa dh vk [ksa [kksyus dk iz;kl djrs gsaa flusek Hkh cm+h Hkwfedk fuhkkrk gsa vkt vk/kqfud lekt esa vartkzrh; fookg Hkh ngst+ dh lel;k dks jksdus esa lgk;d fl) gksrs gsaa Question 15 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ^izk.k tk, ij opu u tk, * ;g gekjs thou dk ewyea= gsa tks rhj rjd'k ls fudydj deku ls NwV x;k] mls chp esa yksvk;k ugha tk ldrka esjh izfrkk dfbukbz ls iwjh gksxh] ;g esa tkurk gw vksj bl ckr dh gky ds ;q) esa iqf"v Hkh gks pqdh gs fd gkm+k tkfr ohjrk esa ge yksxksa ls fdlhizdkj ghu ugha gsa** [ekr`hkwfe dk eku gfjñ".k ^izseh*] [Matri Bhoomi Ka Man Hari Krishna Premi ] 43

49 (i) mijksdr dfku ds odrk vksj Jksrk dk laf{kir ifjp; nhft,a [2] (ii) odrk us D;k izfrkk yh Fkh \ dkj.k lfgr fyf[k,a [2] (iii) gkm+k oa'k ds jktk dksu Fks \ gkm+k yksxksa dh D;k fo'ks"krk, Fkha \ muij izdk'k Mkfy,A [3] (iv) ^izk.k tk, ij opu u tk, * bl dgkor dk D;k vfkz gs \,dkadh ds lunhkz esa le>kb,a [3] (i) dqn Nk= odrk vksj Jksrk dks igpkuus esa Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a dqn Nk= odrk vksj Jksrk ds uke fy[kus esa v{ke jgsaa dqn Nk=ksa us ifjp; myvs fy[k fn,a tsls vhk; flag dks esokm+ dk jktk o egkjk.kk yk[k dks cwanh dk jktk fy[k fn;ka (ii) fo kffkz;ksa us iz u ds izfke Hkkx *izfrkk* ds ckjs esa lvhd fy[kk ijurq dkj.k fy[kus esa os v{ke jgsa bldk dkj.k vh;kl dh deh n`f Vxkspj gqvka (iii)bl iz u ds nwljs Hkkx dk mrrj fy[kus es dqn Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbz A os gkm+k oa k ds yksxksa dh fo ks krk, fy[kus esa v{ke jgsa dqn Nk=ksa us jko gsew dh fo ks krk, gh fy[k nha eq[; fcunqvksa dk vhkko ns[kk x;ka (iv) dqn fo kffkz;ksa us dgkor dk vfkz lgh fy[kk ysfdu,dkadh ds lanhkz esa lgh izdkj ls le>kus esa vlefkz jgsa dqn fo kffkz;ksa ds mrrj Li V Hkh FksA,dkadh ds izeq[k ik=ksa ds uke i<krs le; Nk=ksa dks ;kn djok, tk,aa lkfk gh eq[; ik=ksa ds pfj= dh fo ks krk, Hkh crkbz tk,aa odrk] Jksrk lanhkz vkfn ls lacaf/kr iz uksa dk d{kk esa leksfpr vh;kl djok;k tk,a ukd dh O;k[;k djrs le; *dc] dgk ] dsls dkj.k br;kfn fcunqvksa dh ppkz djs a rfkk eq[; fcunqvksa dks js[kkafdr djokdj mugsa ;kn djus ij cy nsaa d{kk esa vh;kl iz u djok, tkus pkfg,a eq[; fcunqvksa ij ppkz djs aa pkfjf=d fo ks krkvska ds fy, NksVs&NksVs fo ks k.k kcnska dk iz;ksx ij cy nsaa,dkadh i<krs le; egroiw.kz iafdr;ksa,oa dgkorksa dks js[kkafdr djk,a rfkk vfkz Li V djrs gq, mldk ikb ds lkfk lanhkz Li V djs aa Question 15 MARKING SCHEME (i) izlrqr dfku esokm+ ds egkjk.kk yk[k us vius lsukifr vhk; flag ls dgk FkkA egkjk.kk yk[k fprrksm+ ds 'kkld FksA os fllksfn;k oa'k ds FksA mugsa vius iwoztksa ckiik jkoy vksj ohjoj geehj dh ohjrk vksj 'kks;z ij xoz FkkA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd fons'kh 'kfdr dk lkeuk djus ds fy, lhkh jktiwr jktkvksa dks,dtqv gks tkuk pkfg,a blds fy, mugksaus iz;kl Hkh fd;ka os vius opu dh e;kznk dk ikyu djus ds fy, n`<+ jgsa (ii) izlrqr dfku ds odrk egkjk.kk yk[kk us izfrkk yh Fkh fd os tc rd cw nh ds nqxz esa llsu; izos'k ugha dj ysaxs rc rd vuu&ty ugha xzg.k djsaxsa mugksaus ;g izfrkk blfy, yh Fkh D;ksafd os uhejk ds esnku esa cw nh ds jko gsew ls ijkftr gks x, Fks vksj viuh tku cpkus ds fy, mugsa ogk ls Hkkxuk im+k FkkA bl ckr ls muds vkre&xksjo dks cgqr Bsl igq ph FkhA mugsa yxk fd mugksaus esokm+ ds xksjoiw.kz bfrgkl esa dyad dk Vhdk yxk fn;k FkkA os gkm+kvksa dks gjkdj vius ekfks dk dyad tyn ls tyn /kks Mkyuk pkgrs FksA 44

50 (iii) jko gsew cw nh ds 'kkld Fks vksj os gkm+k oa'k ds FksA os ohj] ijkøeh] lkglh o fuhkhzd jktk FksA muesa LokfHkeku Hkjk gqvk FkkA os viuh cw nh dks fdlh ds Hkh v/khu ugha ns[k ldrs Fks pkgs og vkarfjd 'kfdr gks vfkok fons'kha os lpps ns'khkdr Fks vksj jktiwrksa dh v[kam 'kfdr o,drk esa fo'okl djrs Fks ijurq viuh ekr`hkwfe ds eku ij vk p ugha vkus nsrs FksA (iv) gkm+k oa'k ds yksx cgqr cy'kkyh] lkglh o fuhkhzd FksA os viuh ekr`hkwfe ds izfr vuwbh J)k Hkkouk j[krs FksA os mlds eku&leeku ij vk p ugha vkus ns ldrs FksA os vius izk.kksa ds jgrs viuh cw nh dk vieku gksrs ugha ns[k ldrs FksA blhfy, udyh cw nh dh j{kk ds fy, mugksaus vius izk.k U;kSNkoj dj fn, FksA cw nh ds lsfud ohj flag dk vkre&cfynku bfrgkl esa Lo.kkZ{kjksa ls fy[kk x;k gsa ^izk.k tk, ij opu u tk,* - ;g,d dgkor gs tks lw;zoa'k ds jktkvksa ds thou dk ewyea= FkhA os ftl ckr dh izfrkk ys ysrs Fks ml ij vfmx jgrs FksA pkgs izk.k gh D;ksa u pys tk, ijurq os vius opu dh e;kznk dk ikyu djrs FksA esokm+ ds egkjk.kk yk[kk cw nh ds jko gsew ls gkjdj ;q) ds esnku ls Hkkx fudys FksA blls muds vkre&leeku dks Bsl igq ph Fkh] blhfy, mugksaus cw nh ds jko dks gjkus dh Hkh"k.k izfrkk ys yh FkhA lsukifr vhk; flag ds le>kus ij Hkh os viuh izfrkk ij vvy jgs ijurq tc lsukifr us mugsa cw nh dk udyh nqxz cukdj mls u"v dj viuh izfrkk iwjh djus dh lykg nh rks os eku x,a cw nh dk udyh nqxz cuk;k x;k tgk gkm+k lsfud ohj flag o mlds lkffk;ksa us vlyh ym+kbz ym+h vksj cw nh dh j{kk djrs&djrs vius izk.k U;kSNkoj dj fn,a egkjk.kk yk[kk us cw nh ds udyh nqxz dks u"v dj viuh izfrkk dk ikyu fd;ka Question 16 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fueufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vksj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mùkj fgunh esa fyf[k, : ßesjh vkdk {kk gs fd lc Mkfy;k lkfk&lkfk Qysa&Qwysa] thou dh lq[kn] 'khry ok;q ds Li'kZ ls >wesa vksj ljljk, A fovi ls vyx gksus okyh Mkyh dh dyiuk gh eq>s flgjk nsrh gsaþ [lw[kh Mkyh misunz ukfk ^v'd*] [Sookhi Dali Upendra Nath Ashk ] 45

51 (i) mi;qzdr dfku dksu] fdlls fdl lanhkz esa dg jgk gs \ [2] (ii) lc Mkfy;k lkfk&lkfk Qyus&Qwyus ls D;k vk'k; gs \ ^Mkfy;k * 'kcn fdlds fy, iz;qdr gqvk gs \ [2] (iii) fdldh vkdka{kk gs fd lc [kq'kgky jgsa vksj D;ksa \ bl,dkadh ls vkidks D;k f'k{kk feyrh gs \ [3] (iv) izlrqr dfku ls odrk dh fdl pkfjf=d fo'ks"krk dk irk pyrk gs \ vius fopkj Hkh izlrqr dhft;sa [3] (i) vf/kdka k fo kffkz;ksa us ^dksu^ ds fy, nknk ewy jkt lvhd mrrj fy[kk ijurq ^fdlls^ dk mrrj fy[kus es Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a fdlh us ^NksVh cgww^ rks fdlh us ^ijs k^ fy[kk tcfd mrrj NksVh cgw ds vfrfjdr ifjokj ds lhkh lnl; FkkA lanhkz dks n kkzus es Hkh dqn Nk= v{ke jgsa (ii) iz u ds izfke Hkkx *vk k;* dks Li V djus esa vf/kdka k Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza iz u ds nwljs Hkkx dk mrrj T;knkrj lhkh fo kffkz;ksa us lvhd fn;ka (iii) iz u ds f}rh; Hkkx *D;ska* dk mrrj vf/kdka k Nk= iw.kzr;k Li V u dj ldsaa eq[; fcunqvksa dk vhkko ns[kk x;ka,dkadh ls feyus okyh f k{kk esa eq[; ckrsa Li V djus esa Nk= v{ke jgsa (iv) dfku ds odrk nknk ewyjkt dh pkfjf=d fo ks krkvksa ds ckjs esa rks Nk=ksa us fy[kk ijurq vius fopkj cgqr gh de fo kfkhz fy[k ik,a ikb dh O;k[;k djrs le;,dkadh ds mn~ns ; kh kzd dh lkfkzdrk] ik=&ifjp;] lanhkz vkfn dk leksfpr vh;kl djok, ftlls Nk= mrrj fy[krs le; Hkzfer u gksaa,dkadh dk eapu djok, ftlls Nk=ksa dks eq[; ckrsa ;kn djokbz tk ldsaa,dkadh dh izr;sd iafdr dh O;k[;k djs aa rkfd Nk= Hkzfer u gkasa bl rjg ds iz uska dk d{kk es vh;kl vfuok;z :i ls djok, A Nk=ksa dks le>k, fd iz u dk gj Hkkx egroiw.kz gksrk gs vr% gj iz u dk mrrj nsaa,dkadh dks ckj&ckj i<+s aa d{kk esa fopkjkred iz uksa ds vh;kl vo ; djok, A ik=ksa dh pkfjf=d fo ks krk, folr`r :i ls of.kzr djs a rfkk mudk fyf[kr o eksf[kd vh;kl Hkh djok, A Question 16 MARKING SCHEME (i) mi;qzdr dfku nknk ewyjkt NksVh cgw ds vfrfjdr ifjokj ds lhkh lnl;ksa ls dg jgs gsaa og le>krs gq, dgrs gsa fd NksVh cgw cms+?kj ls vkbz gs tgk og lc ij jkt+ djrh vkbz gs] ;gk mls lcls ncuk im+rk gsa og vdy esa ge yksxksa ls cm+h gsa mldh ;ksx;rk dk ykhk mbkuk pkfg,a NksVh cgw ds O;ogkj ls lc ijs'kku gks tkrs gsaa* NksVh cgw?kj ls vyx gksuk pkgrh gs ij nknk th ugha pkgrs gsa blfy, og?kj ds vu; lnl;ksa dks le>k jgs gsaa 46

52 (ii) lc Mkfy;k lkfk&lkfk Qyus&Qwyus ls vk'k; gs fd ifjokj dk gj,d lnl; [kq'k,oa lq[kh jgsa,drk ds lw= esa c /kdj,d&nwljs dks le>dj dk;z djsaa Mkfy;k 'kcn?kj ds lnl;ksa ds fy, iz;qdr gqvk gsa (iii)?kj ds eqf[k;k nknk ewyjkt dh vkdka{kk gs fd lhkh lnl; feytqy dj jgsa [kq'kgky vksj lq[kh jgsaa og tkurs gsa fd la;qdr ifjokj esa jgdj gh lhkh lnl; [kq'k vksj lq[kh jg ldrs gsaa tc?kj ds lhkh lnl;,d&nwljs dh Hkkoukvksa dk leeku djsaxs rks lhkh dh muufr gksxh vu;fkk la;qdr ifjokj VwV dj fc[kj tk,xka bl,dkadh ls gesa f'k{kk feyrh gs fd ifjokj ds eqf[k;k dks cgqr gh le>nkj vksj U;k;fiz; gksuk pkfg,a ifjokj ds lhkh lnl;ksa esa I;kj vksj lgkuqhkwfr gksuh pkfg,a la;qdr ifjokj dh Mksj?kj ds eqf[k;k ds gkfk esa gksuh pkfg,a ;fn ifjokj esa dksbz lel;k vk tk, rks cm+h lw>&cw> ls mls nwj dj nsuk gh eqf[k;k dk drzo; gsa (iv) izlrqr dfku ls odrk dh nk'kzfud] euksoskkfud,oa lw>&cw> tslh pkfjf=d fo'ks"krk dk irk pyrk gsa nknk th us vius ifjokj dks,drk ds lw= esa ck /k j[kk gsa ifjokj esa fhkuu&fhkuu O;fDr;ksa ds LoHkko esa fhkuurk gksus ij Hkh nknk th,drk dh,d,slh Mksj gsa ftugksaus vius iwjs ifjokj dks,drk ds lw= esa ck /k j[kk gsa nknk th,d ifjido cqf) ds Lokeh gsa tks,d,slk mik; <w < fudkyrs gs fd x`gdk;z esa lg;ksx u djus okyh L=h Hkh?kj ds dk;kzsa esa LosPNk ls lg;ksx nsus yxrh gsa la;qdr ifjokj dks cuk;s j[kus esa nknk th us dksey LoHkko }kjk dbksjrk dks thrus dh ckr fl) dj nh gsa 47

53 GENERAL COMMENTS Q.1- (v) izlrko&ys[ku ds fy, fp= dks le>us esa Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz vuqhko gqbza mugksus fuca/k dk vk/kkj rks ckyje cuk;k ijurq fp= dk lvhd o.kzu djus es vlefkz jgsa Q.2- (ii) i= ys[ku esa vksyafid dh miyfc/k;k fy[kus esa vf/kdka k Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza Q.4- (ii) foykse kcn&*lkfe k* rfkk *d`f=e* Nk=ksa dks dfbu izrhr gq,a (iii) kq) kcn&nk=ksa us izpqj ek=k esa =qfv;k dhaa (v)-d vf/kdka k Nk= *fojks/k dk fo ks k.k&*fojks/kh* tkurs Fks ijurq mugs okd; lajpuk esa dfbukbz gqbza Q.11-(iv)* kknh ds fo k; esa lekt dh ijaijk ds ckjs esa fy[kus eas fo kffkz;ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza Q.16 (ii) vk k; fy[kus esa Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza lkfgr; [kam eas fopkjkred iz uksa ds mrrj fy[kus esa Nk=ksa dks dfbukbz gqbza Q.5-(iv) iz u ds nwljs Hkkx eas Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a bl fopkjkred iz u dk mrrj fy[kus esa vlefkz FksA Q.7-(iv) iz u ds nwljs Hkkx esa *jaxs fl;kj fdlds izrhd Fks \ Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a Q.8-(i) *es?k dgk vk,*& bl iz u eas Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a Q.9-(iv)*izse xyh ls rkri;z* gs \ fy[kus esa Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a Q.10-(1)*ekr` eafnj ls D;k rkri;z* fy[kus esa Nk= Hkzfer ik, x,a Q.11-(i), (ii) bu iz uksa esa dbz Nk= Hkzfer fn[kk, fn,a os eq[; fcunq Li V ugha dj ik,a Q.14 (ii)*ejge* dk vfkz,oa rkri;z fy[kus eas Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a Q.15-(iv),dakdh ds lanhkz esa dgkor le>kus eas Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbz fn,a fuca/k dh Hkk kk lqnaj gks rfkk mleas 8&10 eq[;&fcunqvksa dk lekos k gksa i= ds izk:i dk [kwc vh;kl djsaa Nk= eu yxkdj fn, x, ikbksa dks ckj&ckj i<+s aa iz uksrrj ;kn djsa rfkk fyf[kr vh;kl Hkh djsaa orzuh rfkk O;kdj.k dh =qfv;ksa dks nwj djsaa =qfv djus ij lq/kkj dk;z djsaa O;kdj.k esa kcn HkaMkj dks ;kn djsaa fyax] opu] dky vkfn ds ifjorzu ds fu;e ;kn j[ksaa fo k; ds izfr ldkjkred n`f Vdks.k j[kdj vksj Hkyh&Hkk fr iqujko`fÿk dj Lo;a dks ijh{kk gsrq rs;kj djsa A le; fu;kstu dk /;ku j[kuk vfr vko ;d gs rkfd ijh{kk esa vki le; ij lkjs iz uksa ds mÿkj fy[k ldsa A finys iz u&i=ksa dks fy[k dj vh;kl djsaa iz u&i= dks,dkxzfprr gksdj i<+uk pkfg, rri pkr~ fuca/k] i= o vorj.k dk pquko djuk pkfg,a iz u esa iwnh xbz lhkh ckrksa ij xksj djsa vksj gj iz u dk mrrj vyx vuqpnsn esa fy[ksaa fn, x, x ka k dks nks ls rhu ckj vo ; i<+s a fqj iz uksa ds mrrj fy[ksaa mrrj ;FkklaHko vius kcnksa esa fy[kus dk iz;kl djsaa /;ku jgs fd eq[; fcunq lhkh gksus pkfg,a f k{kk ls lacaf/kr iz u eas nks rhu f k{kk, vo ; fy[kss aa ys[ku dk;z esa LoPNrk yk, A 48