Nebraska Feedyard Labor Cost Benchmarks and Historical Trends

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1 University of Nersk - Linoln DigitlCommons@University of Nersk - Linoln Fulty Pulitions: Agriulturl Eonomis Agriulturl Eonomis Deprtment June 2004 Nersk Feedyrd Lor Cost Benhmrks nd Historil Trends Rik R. Smith University of Nersk-Linoln Drrell R. Mrk University of Nersk-Linoln, dmrk2@unl.edu Follow this nd dditionl works t: Prt of the Agriulturl nd Resoure Eonomis Commons Smith, Rik R. nd Mrk, Drrell R., "Nersk Feedyrd Lor Cost Benhmrks nd Historil Trends" (2004). Fulty Pulitions: Agriulturl Eonomis This Artile is rought to you for free nd open ess y the Agriulturl Eonomis Deprtment t DigitlCommons@University of Nersk - Linoln. It hs een epted for inlusion in Fulty Pulitions: Agriulturl Eonomis y n uthorized dministrtor of DigitlCommons@University of Nersk - Linoln.

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3 2004 Nersk Feedyrd Lor Cost Benhmrks nd Historil Trends Exeutive Summry Cttle feedyrds in Nersk were surveyed in April 2004 to determine osts of lor for vrious prodution nd dministrtive employees. Fifty-nine feedyrds, with n verge size of nd onuses pid to their employees, nd the numer of employees in severl jo-funtion tegories. Results of the survey indite tht nd onuses) for feedyrd mngers ws more thn $66,000 per yer, ut it vried sustntilly y feedyrd size. Totl ompenstion to other supervisor tegories of lor, inluding ssistnt mnger, yrd foremn, mill foremn, nd mintenne foremn, verged in the $40,000 to $50,000 rnge. Prodution lor tegories, suh s mill opertors, feedtruk drivers, owoys, nd mintenne personnel, typilly reeived from $30,000 to $40,000 per yer ompenstion. Aording to the feedyrd survey respondents, most employees re provided helth insurne, Feedyrd lor osts hve inresed pproximtely 5 perent per yer ross ll lor tegories sine the lst feedyrd lor ost survey in Some tegories of workers, inluding mill foremn nd opertors nd mintenne foremn, sw even lrger inreses. Muh of the inrese in totl ompenstion in reent yers hs een driven y inresing ost of providing en lor ost survey nd provides summry of previous surveys onduted y University of Nersk nd Nersk Cttlemen. Overll, feedyrd lor osts hve ontinued to inrese Introdution Feedyrd mngers must lne the need to e ompetitive in lor slries nd wges to ttrt employees in wht n e thin mrket nd - Nersk feedyrds with urrent informtion on feedlot lor ompenstion, this University of Nersk nd Nersk Cttlemen projet surveyed ttle feedyrds to otin lor ost informtion. The survey soliited generl informtion out the feedyrds nd their employee ompenstion levels. Feedyrd mngers were sked to Employee issues explored inluded performne reviews, jo desriptions, wge djustments, nd nnul ompenstion. Employee nnul ompenstion ws otined for 13 tegories of feedyrd employees, oth full-time nd prt-time, similr to previous surveys. For eh tegory, respondents indited the numer of employees, edution level, length of servie, hours worked per week, nnul se slry or hourly wge, Totl nnul ompenstion ws lulted s the sum of se slry or nnul wge equivlent, One hundred ninety-eight feedyrd mngers ross Nersk who re memers of Nersk Cttlemen were ontted in series of two milings to omplete the survey. A totl of 59 surveys were returned from the feedyrds for response rte of 29.8 perent. Feedyrds surveyed rnged in size from 1,000 to 65,000 hed, one-time pity. As in previous lor ost surveys, feedyrds 4,000 hed, 4,000 to 12,000 hed, nd more thn tegory, 32 into the seond nd twelve into the lrgest tegory. The verge feedyrd hd mximum pity of 9,473 hed with n verge urrent on-feed inventory of 7,699 hed (Tle 1). Thus, the verge feedlot inventory ws 81 perent of its mximum pity when the survey ws onduted in April This rtio my hve een somewht lower thn norml euse of tight supplies in the feeder ttle mrket t this time. The verge feedyrd hd turnover of 2.26 times per yer, resulting in pproximtely 17,400 hed mrketed per yer (sed on ver- The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 3

4 Tle 1. Summry Sttistis of Seleted Vriles Cpity Mximum one-time pity 9,473 10,224 Inventory Averge on-feed inventory 7,699 8,856 Perent Full Averge on-feed inventory divided y pity, perent Perent Admin. Perent of totl ompenstion pid to dministrtion Perent Full-Time Perent of totl ompenstion pid to full-time employees Cost per Heddy Totl ompenstion divided heddys produed $0.10 $0.07 Turnover Annul inventory turnover Averge Dily Gin Averge gin per dy (ls) Enterprises Perent of feedyrds involved in other enterprises Improvements Perent of feedyrds tht invested in pitl improvements in lst 10 yers Jo Desription Perent of feedyrds using written jo desription Performne Review Perent of feedyrds onduting n nnul performne review ge on-feed inventory). Twenty-three feedyrds, or 39 perent, expnded pity over the lst 10 yers, 33 feedyrds, or 56 perent, expnded pity n verge of 3,368 hed. Fifty-four perent of opertions reported investing pitl in feedyrd filities, equipment, or tehnology feeding performne, respondents estimted per pound of gin, DM sis) nd verge dily gin (3.32 pounds per dy) for 750-pound steer pled in Mrh. Eighty-six perent of responding feedyrds reported involvement in other enterprises. Of the feedyrds with other enterprises, 92 perent opertion. Corn for grin ws grown y 87 perent of the feedyrds tht frm, orn silge y 62 perent, soyens y 62 perent, nd lflf hy y 60 perent. Ninety-two perent of the opertions involved in rop frming fed 97 perent of the orn rised in the feedyrd, 100 perent of the orn silge, none of the soyens, nd 97 perent of the lflf hy. The verge rege of eh rop frmed y these feedyrds ws 1,241 res of orn, 351 res of silge, 530 res of soyens, nd 296 res of lflf hy. Employees hd written jo desriptions t 41 perent of feedyrds while 61 perent of feedyrds onduted nnul performne reviews. Wges were djusted nnully t 64 perent of feedyrds ut 31 perent hve no set shedule. Wge inreses were sed (t lest prtilly) on performne t 90 perent of feedyrds, on ost of living t 56 perent of feedyrds, nd on length of servie t 71 perent of feedyrds Slry Survey Slry enhmrks for 13 full-time employee tegories re found in Tles 2 through 14 nd dt for selet prt-time employees re found in Tle 15. Sttistis for prt-time lor re reported only for those tegories where multiple responses were olleted to protet the identity of the respondents. Feedyrd respondents lspproprite to their position nd in proportion to the mount of work in n re for split positions. Sttistis re reported for ll feedyrds nd y size tegory. Eh tle reports the numer of feedyrds with t lest one employee in the tegory s well s the edution level, length of servie, nd hours worked per week of the verge employee in the tegory. Averge se 4 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

5 slry or hourly wge is reported followed y minimum nd mximum vlues for eh. These sttistis must e used refully s some of the vlues my e sensitive to low response volume. So, in ses where the numer of oservtions for prtiulr employee tegory nd feedyrd numer is smll, the reported numers should e used utiously. The perentge of employees reeiving with the verge, minimum, nd mximum totl utomoiles, housing, helth, life, nd disility - tion dys, sik dys, nd holidys is reported. Finlly, totl nnul ompenstion is reported inluding the verge, minimum, nd mximum vlue for eh group. As expeted, feedyrd mngers hve the highest totl nnul ompenstion, verging $66,281 per yer (Tle 2). Totl ompenstion pid to mngers rnges from low of $24,000 per yer to high of $146,000 per yer, ut this rnge is redued sustntilly when evluted y feedyrd size. Often, the mximum totl ompenstion within tegory is pid to n employee in feedyrd with pity of over 12,000 hed. In only two tegories, feedtruk driver nd generl lorer, is mximum totl ompenstion pid to n employee t feedyrds under 4,000 hed pity (Tles 7 nd 12). This my e n indition tht these employees t smller yrds hve jo responsiilities extending eyond those duties nd re ompensted ordingly. Employees in mngement positions, oth upper nd mid-level, re generlly pid y slry wheres employees in the more prodution-oriented tegories tend to reeive hourly wges. A mjority of employees in the mnger, ssistnt mnger, yrd foremn, mintenne y slry. In the remining tegories, mjority of employees re pid y hourly wges. Most feedyrds, regrdless of size, provide helth insurne, life insurne, nd some type of retirement pln to most employees. A mjority of employees in ll tegories reeive helth insurne nd retirement pln. Those prtiipting in retirement plns rnge from low of 52 perent for mintenne foremn to high of 83 perent for mintenne personnel. Hed owoy nd generl lorer re the only tegories in whih mjority of employees do not reeive the feedyrd. Automoiles re provided to mjority of mngers, ssistnt mngers, nd yrd foremen. Lrger feedyrds more frequently provide utomoiles thn smller yrds. The opposite is true of housing where smller feedyrds re more likely to provide housing thn lrger feedyrds. Fifty-seven perent of mngers t feedyrds under 4,000 hed reeive housing, ut only 8 perent of feedyrds over 12,000 hed provide housing to mngers. Smller feedyrds providing housing more frequently ours ross severl employee tegories, inluding ssistnt mnger, mill foremn, mill opertor, feedtruk driver, hed owoy, owoy, mintenne foremn, nd mintenne personnel. The verge feedyrd hd totl nnul onuses. Administrtive employees (mnger, personnel) re pid 28 perent nd full-time employees 91 perent of the totl nnul ompenstion. The verge lor ost per heddy for ll 59 feedyrds is $0.10. The lor ost per heddy y pity ws $0.11, $0.10, nd $0.10 for the less thn 4,000 hed, 4,000-12,000 hed, nd more thn 12,000 hed pity feedyrds. Anlysis differene etween feedyrd pity nd lor ost per heddy. Historil Lor Cost Trends Beuse similr lor ost studies of Nersk Cttlemen feedyrds were onduted in 1990, 1992, 1995, nd 1999, dt from the 2004 survey n e ompred to the historil dt to oserve trends in feedyrd lor osts. Seleted lor ost informtion from eh of the previous surveys is reported in Tles 16 to 19. Slries, wges, enfor ll positions in 2004 reltive to 1999 exept one. The only re tht deresed ws the vlue onsiderly etween 1999 nd 2004 with ll tegories of employees experiening t lest n 18 perent inrese exept three feedtruk driver, (Tle 16). Three tegories, mill foremn, mill opertor, nd mintenne foremn, experiened slry inreses of over 33 perent reltive to Wge inreses were not s drmti s The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 5

6 slry inreses over the sme period with the verge wge inresing 2.3 perent per yer ompred to pproximtely 4.8 perent per yer for slries (Tle 17). The mximum wge inrese ws 21.6 perent etween 1999 nd 2004 for generl lorer ompred to the lrgest inrese of 44.3 perent for mill foremn mong slried employees over tht time. Overll, slries nd wges hve followed the sme generl trend sine Only 1995 sw employee groups experiened delines, nd 1995 nd 1999 eh sw one tegory of employee experiene deline in wges. Other thn those seven employee tegories nd yers, every other group experiened onsistent slry nd wge inreses. Some of these differenes ould e ttriuted to differenes in the smple s the sme feedyrds re not neessrily represented in the dt. However, the feedyrds memers of Nersk Cttlemen were used s the survey - pred, some smpling differenes my use some vrine in the dt. - tive to 1999 (Tle 18). The smllest inrese ws 23.4 perent for feed truk drivers, ut mny hnges were sustntilly higher. Mintenne personnel experiened the lrgest inrese of tion deresed 24.1 perent in 1999 reltive to 1995 so 2004 my hve een orretion for this inresed 31.2 perent reltive to 1999 or out 6.2 perent per yer over tht period. Totl nnul ompenstion experiened inreses in ll tegories in 2004 (Tle 19). The inreses were sustntil, with the smllest inrese of 17 perent for mill opertors. Overll, totl nnul ompenstion inresed 24.4 perent in 2004 reltive to 1999 or 4.9 perent per yer. Totl nnul ompenstion inresed fster thn - sumer Prie Index, the Bureu of Lor Sttistis - ly 12.4 perent from Mrh of 1999 to Mrh of 2004, roughly the sme time spn overed y the two surveys, or out 2.5 perent per yer. Conlusions Results of this study indite tht lor osts in Nersk feedyrds ontinued to rise in Employee ompenstion t Nersk feedyrds - yrds pper ompetitive in mintining wges reltive to rising osts in the eonomy. It my feedyrds ompenste employees ompred to other omprle griulturl industries. It my lso e interesting to ompre how employee ompenstion hs hnged in other griulturl industries reltive to the ttle feeding industry. In ny se, the dt reported here provides referene for feedyrd mngers in mking employee lor deisions. 6 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

7 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 63% 100% 56% 47% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $47,921 $61,726 $44,203 $35,786 Low Bse Slry/Yer $16,000 $40,000 $16,000 $24,000 High Bse Slry/Yer $90,000 $90,000 $80,000 $60,000 Averge Hourly Wge N/A N/A Low Hourly Wge N/A N/A High Hourly Wge N/A N/A Perent Pid Slry 97% 92% 100% 100% Perent Pid Hourly 3% 8% 0% 0% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 62% 75% 67% 29% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $12,245 $22,486 $5,604 $6,000 Auto 74% 92% 58% 86% Housing 37% 8% 47% 57% Helth Insurne 84% 100% 74% 86% Life Insurne 58% 83% 63% 0% Disility Insurne 26% 33% 32% 0% Retirement Pln 63% 83% 63% 29% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $66,281 $87,869 $59,216 $47,443 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $24,000 $48,000 $38,100 $24,000 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $146,000 $146,000 $105,000 $82,000 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 7

8 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 31% 67% 19% 27% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $36,054 $45,094 $30,133 $31,375 Low Bse Slry/Yer $16,000 $35,000 $16,000 $24,500 High Bse Slry/Yer $55,000 $55,000 $40,000 $37,000 Averge Hourly Wge $11.88 $11.88 N/A N/A Low Hourly Wge $11.75 $11.75 N/A N/A High Hourly Wge $12.00 $12.00 N/A N/A Perent Pid Slry 89% 75% 100% 100% Perent Pid Hourly 11% 25% 0% 0% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 56% 88% 50% 0% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $5,491 $7,344 $1,167 N/A Auto 67% 100% 67% 0% Housing 56% 50% 50% 75% Helth Insurne 89% 100% 67% 100% Life Insurne 56% 63% 67% 25% Disility Insurne 33% 25% 50% 25% Retirement Pln 72% 88% 67% 50% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $47,587 $58,471 $39,400 $38,100 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $32,000 $36,000 $34,600 $32,000 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $84,061 $84,061 $47,600 $45,000 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 8 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

9 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 46% 67% 50% 20% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $37,470 $42,528 $35,216 $28,500 Low Bse Slry/Yer $24,000 $36,600 $30,000 $24,000 High Bse Slry/Yer $57,000 $57,000 $42,900 $33,000 Averge Hourly Wge $9.79 N/A $9.88 Low Hourly Wge $7.50 N/A $7.50 High Hourly Wge $12.05 N/A $12.05 Perent Pid Slry 74% 100% 63% 67% Perent Pid Hourly 26% 0% 38% 33% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 78% 88% 88% 0% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $2,667 $3,429 $2,286 N/A Auto 56% 75% 50% 33% Housing 33% 25% 38% 33% Helth Insurne 74% 88% 69% 67% Life Insurne 52% 75% 50% 0% Disility Insurne 30% 25% 31% 33% Retirement Pln 63% 75% 63% 33% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $44,167 $53,476 $41,613 $32,967 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $21,000 $45,500 $25,000 $21,000 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $69,000 $69,000 $52,000 $43,000 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 9

10 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 22% 75% 13% 0% Averge Length of Servie in Yers N/A Averge Edution Level N/A Averge Hours Worked/Week N/A Averge Bse Slry/Yer $38,622 $39,146 N/A Low Bse Slry/Yer $31,280 $31,280 N/A High Bse Slry/Yer $47,000 $47,000 N/A Averge Hourly Wge $9.97 $11.29 $8.22 N/A Low Hourly Wge $7.00 $9.25 $7.00 N/A High Hourly Wge $12.40 $12.40 $9.50 N/A Perent Pid Slry 46% 56% 25% N/A Perent Pid Hourly 54% 44% 75% N/A Perent Reeiving Bonuses 77% 67% 100% N/A Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,640 $1,917 $1,225 N/A Auto 31% 33% 25% N/A Housing 23% 22% 25% N/A Helth Insurne 85% 89% 75% N/A Life Insurne 62% 67% 50% N/A Disility Insurne 15% 22% 0% N/A Retirement Pln 62% 78% 25% N/A Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer N/A Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $41,952 $45,891 $33,089 N/A Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $28,700 $31,500 $28,700 N/A High Totl Compenstion/Yer $56,648 $56,648 $39,158 N/A High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 10 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

11 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 15% 42% 13% 0% Averge Length of Servie in Yers N/A Averge Edution Level N/A Averge Hours Worked/Week N/A Averge Bse Slry/Yer $27,933 $24,400 N/A Low Bse Slry/Yer $22,800 $22,800 N/A High Bse Slry/Yer $35,000 $26,000 N/A Averge Hourly Wge $8.75 $8.94 $8.38 N/A Low Hourly Wge $6.75 $8.00 $6.75 N/A High Hourly Wge $10.00 $10.00 $10.00 N/A Perent Pid Slry 33% 20% 50% N/A Perent Pid Hourly 67% 80% 50% N/A Perent Reeiving Bonuses 89% 80% 100% N/A Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,150 $875 $1,425 N/A Auto 22% 20% 25% N/A Housing 11% 0% 25% N/A Helth Insurne 100% 100% 100% N/A Life Insurne 67% 80% 50% N/A Disility Insurne 33% 60% 0% N/A Retirement Pln 78% 80% 75% N/A Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer N/A Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $32,436 $34,512 $29,840 N/A Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $25,000 $27,600 $25,000 N/A High Totl Compenstion/Yer $42,000 $42,000 $39,000 N/A High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 11

12 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 59% 100% 63% 20% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $26,270 $28,154 Low Bse Slry/Yer $20,000 $24,400 High Bse Slry/Yer $31,217 $31,217 Averge Hourly Wge $9.28 $8.90 $9.48 $9.75 Low Hourly Wge $7.65 $7.80 $7.65 $9.50 High Hourly Wge $11.00 $10.16 $11.00 $10.00 Perent Pid Slry 17% 8% 20% 33% Perent Pid Hourly 83% 92% 80% 67% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 83% 75% 95% 33% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,232 $1,006 $1,220 Auto 8% 0% 10% 33% Housing 22% 17% 24% 33% Helth Insurne 78% 100% 67% 67% Life Insurne 50% 58% 52% 0% Disility Insurne 25% 25% 29% 0% Retirement Pln 58% 83% 43% 67% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $31,315 $31,156 $31,112 $34,300 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $19,775 $23,782 $19,775 $23,600 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $45,000 $38,906 $39,955 $45,000 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 12 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

13 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 51% 75% 56% 20% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $32,482 $40,125 $28,114 N/A Low Bse Slry/Yer $25,000 $30,000 $25,000 N/A High Bse Slry/Yer $45,000 $45,000 $30,000 N/A Averge Hourly Wge $10.42 $9.78 $10.83 $9.95 Low Hourly Wge $7.50 $8.25 $7.50 $9.60 High Hourly Wge $13.83 $12.00 $13.83 $10.25 Perent Pid Slry 37% 44% 39% 0% Perent Pid Hourly 63% 56% 61% 100% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 77% 67% 89% 33% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,812 $2,406 $1,484 Auto 27% 22% 33% 0% Housing 43% 33% 44% 67% Helth Insurne 83% 89% 78% 100% Life Insurne 47% 44% 50% 33% Disility Insurne 37% 22% 39% 67% Retirement Pln 63% 78% 56% 67% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $38,636 $42,930 $35,865 $44,240 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $26,056 $34,400 $26,056 $43,480 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $59,000 $59,000 $44,028 $45,000 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 13

14 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 46% 100% 47% 0% Averge Length of Servie in Yers N/A Averge Edution Level N/A Averge Hours Worked/Week N/A Averge Bse Slry/Yer $26,650 $26,750 $26,600 N/A Low Bse Slry/Yer $24,400 $26,000 $24,400 N/A High Bse Slry/Yer $30,000 $27,500 $30,000 N/A Averge Hourly Wge $8.83 $8.96 $8.71 N/A Low Hourly Wge $7.00 $7.68 $7.00 N/A High Hourly Wge $10.00 $9.80 $10.00 N/A Perent Pid Slry 22% 17% 27% N/A Perent Pid Hourly 78% 83% 73% N/A Perent Reeiving Bonuses 81% 75% 87% N/A Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,135 $1,202 $1,088 N/A Auto 7% 0% 13% N/A Housing 26% 17% 33% N/A Helth Insurne 85% 92% 80% N/A Life Insurne 59% 58% 60% N/A Disility Insurne 33% 25% 40% N/A Retirement Pln 59% 83% 40% N/A Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer N/A Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $30,410 $31,171 $29,801 N/A Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $18,501 $21,435 $18,501 N/A High Totl Compenstion/Yer $42,000 $39,296 $42,000 N/A High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 14 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

15 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 36% 58% 34% 20% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $32,271 $37,833 $32,912 $25,000 Low Bse Slry/Yer $16,000 $30,000 $16,000 $25,000 High Bse Slry/Yer $42,000 $42,000 $42,000 $25,000 Averge Hourly Wge $10.37 $10.75 $9.87 N/A Low Hourly Wge $7.50 $9.00 $7.50 N/A High Hourly Wge $13.00 $13.00 $12.50 N/A Perent Pid Slry 67% 43% 73% 100% Perent Pid Hourly 33% 57% 27% 0% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 67% 71% 64% 67% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,562 $2,363 $1,186 $875 Auto 43% 29% 45% 67% Housing 43% 0% 55% 100% Helth Insurne 86% 100% 91% 33% Life Insurne 57% 71% 64% 0% Disility Insurne 43% 43% 55% 0% Retirement Pln 52% 71% 55% 0% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $41,351 $45,253 $41,872 $30,338 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $27,300 $35,000 $27,300 $29,600 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $57,000 $51,008 $57,000 $31,164 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 15

16 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 31% 83% 19% 13% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $27,733 $29,150 N/A Low Bse Slry/Yer $24,900 $27,000 N/A High Bse Slry/Yer $31,300 $31,300 N/A Averge Hourly Wge $9.17 $8.61 $9.80 $9.80 Low Hourly Wge $6.50 $7.73 $6.50 $9.00 High Hourly Wge $12.00 $10.80 $12.00 $10.60 Perent Pid Slry 17% 20% 17% 0% Perent Pid Hourly 83% 80% 83% 100% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 83% 80% 100% 50% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,165 $1,100 $1,113 $2,000 Auto 6% 0% 17% 0% Housing 17% 10% 17% 50% Helth Insurne 89% 90% 100% 50% Life Insurne 67% 70% 67% 50% Disility Insurne 39% 30% 50% 50% Retirement Pln 83% 80% 83% 100% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer N/A Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $31,677 $31,174 $33,653 $28,268 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $16,536 $26,960 $25,800 $16,536 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $43,120 $39,487 $43,120 $40,000 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

17 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 47% 67% 41% 47% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $25,067 N/A $27,133 $23,000 Low Bse Slry/Yer $21,000 N/A $24,000 $21,000 High Bse Slry/Yer $30,000 N/A $30,000 $24,000 Averge Hourly Wge $9.11 $8.92 $8.57 $10.88 Low Hourly Wge $6.50 $7.08 $6.50 $10.00 High Hourly Wge $12.00 $12.00 $11.00 $12.00 Perent Pid Slry 21% 0% 23% 43% Perent Pid Hourly 79% 100% 77% 57% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 68% 63% 85% 43% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $737 $790 $741 $741 Auto 11% 0% 8% 29% Housing 29% 38% 31% 14% Helth Insurne 75% 88% 69% 71% Life Insurne 32% 50% 31% 14% Disility Insurne 29% 38% 15% 43% Retirement Pln 54% 63% 54% 43% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $29,892 $29,366 $29,040 $32,076 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $18,000 $25,644 $18,000 $22,250 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $39,240 $33,960 $38,462 $39,240 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 17

18 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 42% 75% 47% 7% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $28,595 $35,271 $22,172 Low Bse Slry/Yer $8,000 $18,600 $8,000 High Bse Slry/Yer $48,500 $48,500 $36,000 Averge Hourly Wge $10.31 $10.37 N/A Low Hourly Wge $8.50 $8.50 N/A High Hourly Wge $13.50 $13.50 N/A Perent Pid Slry 72% 89% 60% 100% Perent Pid Hourly 28% 11% 40% 0% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 76% 78% 73% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $2,675 $3,982 $1,950 Auto 20% 0% 27% Housing 8% 11% 7% Helth Insurne 92% 100% 87% Life Insurne 68% 67% 67% Disility Insurne 32% 33% 27% Retirement Pln 72% 78% 67% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $33,414 $41,914 $27,875 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $16,000 $24,200 $16,000 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $64,500 $64,500 $44,000 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 18 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

19 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 37% 100% 25% 13% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer $20,043 $22,530 $21,067 Low Bse Slry/Yer $12,000 $17,060 $19,800 High Bse Slry/Yer $28,000 $28,000 $23,000 Averge Hourly Wge $8.73 $9.02 $8.50 Low Hourly Wge $7.00 $7.50 $7.25 High Hourly Wge $11.00 $11.00 $10.00 Perent Pid Slry 27% 17% 38% Perent Pid Hourly 73% 83% 63% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 59% 75% 50% 0% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $1,074 $1,191 $813 N/A Auto 14% 8% 25% Housing 5% 0% 0% Helth Insurne 91% 100% 75% Life Insurne 55% 58% 63% Disility Insurne 27% 25% 38% Retirement Pln 59% 83% 38% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $25,423 $27,139 $23,645 $22,236 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $13,650 $13,650 $17,000 $17,000 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $35,810 $35,810 $32,000 $27,472 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 19

20 Totl Feedyrds Responding Numer Responding To This Position Perent 34% 10% 8% 5% Averge Length of Servie in Yers Averge Edution Level Averge Hours Worked/Week Averge Bse Slry/Yer N/A N/A N/A N/A Low Bse Slry/Yer N/A N/A N/A N/A High Bse Slry/Yer N/A N/A N/A N/A Averge Hourly Wge $8.56 $8.48 $8.45 $9.50 Low Hourly Wge $5.43 $5.60 $6.50 $7.50 High Hourly Wge $12.50 $10.25 $10.00 $11.00 Perent Pid Slry 0% 0% 0% 0% Perent Pid Hourly 100% 100% 100% 100% Perent Reeiving Bonuses 25% 33% 0% 0% Averge Vlue of Bonuses/Yer $230 $650 N/A N/A Auto 5% 0% 0% 0% Housing 0% 17% 0% 0% Helth Insurne 0% 17% 0% 0% Life Insurne 0% 17% 0% 0% Disility Insurne 0% 0% 0% 0% Retirement Pln 0% 17% 0% 0% Averge Numer of Vtion Dys/Yer N/A N/A N/A N/A Averge Numer of Sik Dys/Yer N/A N/A N/A N/A Averge Numer of Holidys/ Yer N/A N/A N/A N/A Averge Totl Compenstion/Yer $9,026 $10,513 $5,649 $7,670 Low Totl Compenstion/Yer $2,500 $5,200 $5,000 $5,200 High Totl Compenstion/Yer $23,000 $17,000 $6,800 $10,010 High Shool=12; Assoite Degree=14; Bhelor Degree=16 20 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.

21 Mnger $32,208 $34,619 $33,164 $37,629 $47,921 Assistnt Mnger $24,831 $27,365 $28,446 $29,267 $36,054 Yrd Foremn $23,240 $23,736 $22,455 $28,668 $37,470 Mill Foremn $19,209 $22,623 $23,200 $26,757 $38,622 Mill Opertor $19,333 $20,786 $20,580 $20,914 $27,933 Feedtruk Driver $17,717 $19,108 $20,587 $23,165 $26,270 Hed Cowoy $19,852 $21,174 $24,730 $27,179 $32,482 Cowoys $16,818 $17,131 $19,799 $22,511 $26,650 Mintenne Foremn $20,319 $21,489 $22,915 $24,085 $32,271 Mintenne Personnel $17,046 $18,959 $21,555 $22,153 $27,733 Generl Lor $15,082 $17,325 $19,980 $20,509 $25,067 Averge $19,750 $21,749 $22,094 $25,297 $31,316 Stndrd Devition $ 4,819 $ 4,928 $ 4,916 $ 4,893 $ 7,284 Mnger $7.00 N/A $ 8.67 $11.00 Assistnt Mnger $6.75 N/A N/A $ 9.83 $11.88 Yrd Foremn $6.29 $8.08 $ 6.00 $ 8.92 $ 9.79 Mill Foremn $5.70 $6.78 $10.00 $ 8.93 $ 9.97 Mill Opertor $6.02 $6.28 $ 6.81 $ 8.18 $ 8.75 Feedtruk Driver $5.75 $6.31 $ 6.60 $ 7.86 $ 9.28 Hed Cowoy $5.84 $6.67 $ 7.43 $ 8.64 $10.42 Cowoys $5.69 $6.34 $ 6.63 $ 7.88 $ 8.83 Mintenne Foremn $6.12 $6.89 $ 7.03 $ 8.68 $10.37 Mintenne Personnel $5.58 $6.24 $ 6.68 $ 7.86 $ 9.17 Generl Lor $5.18 $5.90 $ 6.75 $ 7.49 $ 9.11 Averge $5.98 $6.57 $ 7.25 $ 8.72 $ 9.72 Stndrd Devition $0.53 $0.58 $ 1.09 $ 1.03 $ 0.93 The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved. 21

22 Mnger $5,659 $10,227 $9,116 $8,981 $11,813 Assistnt Mnger $5,801 $5,812 $8,389 $7,164 $9,278 Yrd Foremn $4,983 $4,610 $5,733 $8,996 $7,336 Mill Foremn $3,920 $4,101 $4,969 $4,732 $6,260 Mill Opertor $4,584 $2,914 $3,940 $3,508 $5,500 Feedtruk Driver $3,580 $3,147 $3,046 $3,858 $4,761 Hed Cowoy $4,234 $4,105 $4,233 $4,567 $6,869 Cowoys $2,903 $2,512 $3,328 $3,528 $4,826 Mintenne Foremn $4,121 $4,147 $5,630 $6,541 $8,198 Mintenne Personnel $3,323 $3,491 $4,315 $3,277 $5,619 Generl Lor $2,429 $2,807 $3,754 $3,763 $5,330 Averge $3,909 $4,124 $4,850 $5,085 $6,669 Stndrd Devition $1,134 $2,055 $1,947 $2,109 $2,056 Mnger $40,951 $47,014 $43,621 $50,652 $66,281 Assistnt Mnger $32,274 $34,947 $37,986 $37,181 $47,587 Yrd Foremn $29,116 $30,052 $28,757 $35,231 $44,167 Mill Foremn $22,416 $27,032 $29,952 $31,794 $41,952 Mill Opertor $22,105 $24,903 $22,635 $27,713 $32,436 Feedtruk Driver $22,299 $23,347 $23,271 $26,526 $31,315 Hed Cowoy $23,590 $26,978 $27,495 $30,509 $38,636 Cowoys $20,302 $21,487 $23,748 $25,315 $30,410 Mintenne Foremn $23,747 $26,803 $26,587 $32,168 $41,351 Mintenne Personnel $20,298 $23,868 $27,081 $27,018 $31,677 Generl Lor $17,050 $19,756 $23,928 $23,875 $29,892 Averge $23,706 $26,685 $27,138 $30,576 $38,042 Stndrd Devition $ 6,882 $ 7,588 $ 7,039 $ 7,483 $10, The Bord of Regents of the University of Nersk. All rights reserved.