Study on Potato Late Blight in Heilongjiang

Transcription

1 Workshop 2015 HAAS, HARBIN, China Study on Potato Late Blight in Heilongjiang Guo Mei Professor Virus-free Seedling Research Institute of HASS

2 CONTENT About Heilongjiang Potato Late Blight in Heilongjiang Population of P. infestans Phenotype Genotype Late Blight Control

3 About Heilongjiang swan China North-east tip of China

4 About Heilongjiang Population: million Ethnic nationalities: 51 City: 13 County: 66

5 Major Crops Grown in Heilongjiang Wheat 1.57% Potato 3.06% Others 8.92% Soybean 33.11% Soybean Corn Rice 4.01million ha 4.00million ha 2.46million ha Potato 0.37million ha Rice 20.31% Corn 33.03% Wheat Others Total 0.19million ha 1.08million ha 12.12million ha

6 Potato in Heilongjiang Mini-tuber Seed potato 20% in China Processing enterprise 500 RACE: Commercial potato 14 races

7 Potato in Heilongjiang Year Location Harbin Qiqihar Heihe Daxinganling 1997 Slight Slight 1998 Heavy Heavy 1999 Slight Slight Heavy Heavy 2000 Slight Heavy Heavy 2001 Slight Moderate Moderate 2002 Moderate Severe Slight Slight 2003 Slight Heavy Heavy Heavy 2004 Slight Heavy Severe Severe 2005 Heavy Heavy Heavy Severe 2006 Severe Severe Severe Heavy 2007 No infection No infection Slight Severe 2008 Slight Slight Severe Moderate 2009 Heavy Heavy Severe Heavy 2010 Severe Moderate Slight Moderate 2011 Moderate Moderate Severe Moderate 2012 Severe Heavy Severe Heavy 2013 Heavy Severe Heavy Heavy

8 Population of P. infestans mating type A2 A1 No A2 mating type in Heilongjiang

9 Population of P. infestans Mating type in Heilongjiang Samples locations

10 Population of P. infestans Year Location Number of Mating type Number of Mating type Year Location Isolates (A2/A1) Isolates (A2/A1) 2005 BAYAN 1 0/ GANNAN 14 1/13 DAXINGANLING 1 0/1 HARBIN 34 15/19 KESHAN 1 0/1 HEGANG 4 0/4 LINKOU 1 0/1 HUMA 6 0/6 Total 4 0/4 KESHAN 6 0/ BAYAN 1 0/1 NENGJIANG 1 0/1 HARBIN 1 0/1 ZHAODONG 2 1/1 KESHAN 1 0/1 Total 67 17/50 WANGKUI 1 0/ HARBIN 30 17/13 Total 4 0/4 KESHAN 1 0/ HARBIN 4 0/4 NENGJIANG 3 0/3 4 0/4 YIAN 4 0/ DAXINGANLING 2 0/2 ZHAODONG 19 10/9 HARBIN 4 0/4 Total 57 27/30 Total 6 0/ HARBIN 11 8/ HARBIN 21 0/21 HEIHE 12 12/0 KESHAN 14 0/14 JIAMUSI 1 0/1 MOHE 6 0/6 KESHAN 1 1/0 TAHE 13 0/13 NEHE 6 0/6 Total 54 0/54 SUIHUA 6 0/6 Total 37 21/16

11 Physiological races in Heilongjiang Year Differential host Physiological race No. race Dominant race Huang 2000 Jin 2004 Jin r, R1, R2, R3, R4, R1R2, R1R3,R1R4, R2R4,R3R4,R1R2R4,R1R3R4,R1R2R 0, 4, 3R4,RXRYR2, 1.4, S.StolR2, S.StolR6 r, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R9, R10, R11, R1R2, R1R3, R2R3, R2R4, R3R4, R1R2R3R4 r,r1,r2,r3,r4, R5,R6,R7,R8,R9,R11 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 1.2, 2. 3, 2.4, 3.4, (4vir) 0,7,3.4.7,4.7.11,6.7.11, , , , , , , , , , , , (9vir) 4 0,4 14 0,4, Wang r,r1,r2,r3,r4,r5, R6,R7,R8,R9,R10,R11 0,3,3.4,3.7,3.4.7,3.4.11, , , , , , , , , , , , (9) Guo r,r1,r2,r3,r4,r5, R6,R7,R8,R9,R10,R

12 Population of P. infestans Physiological races No. RACE RATIO AREA No. RACE RATIO AREA TH KS KS HB KS KS KS MH TH KS HB HB MH HB KS HB KS TH HB HB MH TH KS HB MH HB HB KS HB TH HB MH TH KS HB HB

13 Frequency of virulence genes(%) Population of P. infestans Frequency of virulence genes R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 Virulence genes

14 Population of P. infestans Resistance To Metalaxyl Year Total No. Of Isolates Resistance Sensitive Moderate % Of R

15 P. infestans Resistance to metalaxyl Location Isolates Sensitive moderate Resistant Isolates (%) Isolates (%) Isolates (%) Mohe Tahe Nenjiang Keshan Hailun Suihua Harbin Mudanjiang Total

16 P. infestans Resistance to metalaxyl

17 Genotype of P. infestans in Heilongjiang Genotype Location Year Number 13_A2 MINZHU ZHAODONG HEIHE KESHAN misc JIAMUSI misc_ru BAYAN DAXINGANLIN QINGPING ZHAODONG MINZHU NEHE SUIHUA misc_ru_var LINKOU QINGPING

18 Late Blight Control The Application of Forecast System

19 QING PING EXPERIMENTAL STATION

20 M 0.3% 2009 N 60% U 30%

21 Late Blight Control Disease Dynamics in field (7 days interval)

22 Weather Station in Heilongjiang

23 发病严重程度 Varieties Resistant to P. infestans AUDPC 100% 荷兰十五 Bintje 80% sarpo mira 60% 早大白 尤金 % Agria 20% 克新 13 Gasoré 0% 克新 18 07/01 07/08 07/15 07/22 07/29 08/05 08/12 08/19 08/26 markies 日期 ( 月 - 日 ) 荷兰十五 Bintje sarpo mira 早大白 尤金 885 Agria 品种处理 克新 13 Gasoré y = x R 2 = 克新 18 markies 品种抗性 raudpc 值

24 raudpc Varieties Resistant to P. infestans Bintje Sarpo mira Markies Agria Gasoré Favorite Ke Xin 18 Ke Xin 13 Youjin 885 Zao Dabai E QP 2013MZ 2013ZD 2014MZ 2014ZD Year and Location

25 Varieties Resistant to P. infestans Varieties AUDPC RAUDPC Range of score Reaction category Bintje MR Sarpo mira HR Markies MR Agria R Gasoré HR Favorite S Ke Xin HR Youjin R Ke Xin HR Zao Dabai MR

26 Varieties Resistant to P. infestans

27 CK metalaxyl metalaxyl + mancozeb mancozeb cymoxanil + mancozeb Matrine mandipropa mid famoxadone + cymoxani fluazinam cyazofamid propamocar b-hcl + fluopico Percent severity(%) Efficacy of Commercial and Botanical Fungicide 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 07/01 CK metalaxyl metalaxyl + mancozeb mancozeb cymoxanil + mancozeb Matrine mandipropamid famoxadone+ cymoxani fluazinam Date(M-D) cyazofamid propamocarb-hcl + fluopicolide

28 Field Evaluation of Metalaxyl resistance 75% mancozeb Severity of late blight(%) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% cyazofamid famoxadone+ cymoxani mandipropamid metalaxyl + mancozeb metalaxyl cymoxanil + mancozeb propamocarb-hcl + fluopicolide mancozeb fluazinam CK 4%metalaxyl+ 49% mancozeb date infinito CK 25%metalaxyl Propamocarb-HCl +fluopicolide

29 Late blight forecast Late blight control effect of 80-95%. Reduction of 15-20% fungicides usage Reduce in costs of 20% Yield increased by 20-30% Income increased by yuan per mu (1/15 ha)

30 Acknowledge International Potato Center(CIP) Walloon Agricultural Research Centre(cra-W) Wageningen UR Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research(Biofosk) Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Canadian Food Inspection Agency

31 The Team of the Sino-Belgium bilateral project potato late blight Bilateral Projects between China and Belgium supported by Most: The Establishment of Potato Late Blight Monitoring and Forecasting System ( ) Sustainable Potato Late Blight Control ( )

32 THANK YOU