A Study on the Growth Characteristics of Different Varieties of Early Rice as the Direct-seeded Plant

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1 http / /xuebao. jxau. edu. cn Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis E - mail ndxb7775@ sina. com / ~ kg /hm kg /hm S A A Study on the Growth Characteristics of Different of Early Rice as the Direct-seeded Plant LI Mu-ying CHEN Guan SHI Qing-hua PAN Xiao-hua TAN Xue-ming College of Agronomy JAU / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Education / Key Laboratory of Physiology Ecology and Cultivation of Double Cropping Rice Ministry of Agriculture Nanchang China Abstract Six varieties combinations of early season rice were studied for growth characteristics as direct-seeded rice. The result showed that the grain yield of the hybrid rice combination was kg / hm 2 and within non-significant difference. The grain yield of Jiayu948 of general rice variety was kg / hm 2. The grain yields of hybrid rice combinations and Jiayu948 had significant difference P < The characteristics of yield form were exhibited differently in the hybrid rice combinations. The yields of Luliangyou996 and Heshengliangyou25 were the same the panicle of Luliangyou996 was bigger and its grain weight was bigger and the panicles of Heshengliangyou 25 were more and its grain weight was smaller. The tillering power of Luliangyou996 and Jiayu948 as weaker and the percentage of effective panicles were larger. The tillering power of Chunguang1 and Zhuliangyou819 was strong and their panicles were smaller. The tillering time of Chunguang1 was longer and the tillering time of Zhuliangyou819 was shorter and concentrated. The growth AB BNA myli53@ yahoo. com. cn

2 was faster and dry matter accumulation was more for Heshengliangyou25 at the growth prophase. The growth was slower and dry matter accumulation was less in Jiayu948 Zhuliangyou30 Chunguang1 at the growth prophase. Different varieties had exhibited different growth characteristics as direct-seeded planting. Different cultivating strategies should be used for different varieties. The key to high yield is to control pletholic tillers and enhance dry matter accumulation of effective tillers while enhancing early tillering. Key words early rice different variety direct-seeded growth characteristic d kg /hm 2 N 165 kg /hm 2 m m m m = K 165 kg /hm 2 m m = 7 3 P 90 kg /hm d 20 3 d 1 5 N FOSS SPAD-502 SPAD 2 m 2 50 Tab. 1 1 The grain yield and yield structure of direct-seeded rice Variety / / /% 10 4 hm - 2 Numbers of 10 4 hm - 2 Seed setting 1000-grain Effective panicle spikelet Spikelets number percentage weight of per hm 2 per panicle of per hm 2 /g / kg hm - 2 Actual yield 819 Zhuliangyou aA 996 Luliangyou aA 30 Zhuliangyou abA 25 Heshengliangyou aA 1 Chunguang aA 948 Jiayu bA Duncan s 1% 5% Data followed by same letters within the same column indicate non-significant difference at the 1% 5% level by Duncan s test.

3 kg /hm d 40 d d 49 ~ 52 d Fig. 1 The tillering dynamics of different variety * Tab. 2 2 Number of productive tillers and percentage of effective panicles / 10 4 hm - 2 Plants number / / /% 10 4 hm - 2 Panicle numbers 10 4 hm - 2 Percentage of Effective panicle of per plant Productive tillers effective panicle numbers 819 Zhuliangyou Luliangyou Zhuliangyou Heshengliangyou Chunguang Jiayu ** **

4 Tab. 3 3 Amount of dry matter accumulate and reaped index / kg hm - 2 Dry matter accumulate Seeding-panicle differentiation initiation kg hm - 2 % Panicle differentiation -full heading kg hm - 2 % Full heading -mature kg hm - 2 % /% Reaped index 819 Zhuliangyou Luliangyou Zhuliangyou Heshengliangyou Chunguang Jiayu ** * * Tab. 4 4 Leaves area index Tiller Panicle initiation Booting Full heading Milk ripeness Mature 819 Zhuliangyou Luliangyou Zhuliangyou Heshengliangyou Chunguang Jiayu d 15 d d Tab. 5 5 Change of the SPAD value of flag leaves after heading SPAD value 5 d 10 d 15 d 20 d 25 d 30 d /% SPAD value decline ratio 10 d 15 d 20 d 25 d 30 d 819 Zhuliangyou Luliangyou Zhuliangyou Heshengliangyou Chunguang Jiayu

5 % ~ 15 d 10 d 1% ~ 4% 15 ~ 25 d 10 d 9% ~ 18% 25 ~ 30 d 5 d 30% ~ 40% ** Tab. 6 6 Change of the net photosynthesis speed of flag leaves after heading CO 2 / μmol m - 2 s - 1 Net photosynthesis speed of flag leaves 5 d 15 d 25 d 30 d Average /% Net photosynthesis speed decline ratio 15 d 25 d 30 d 819 Zhuliangyou Luliangyou Zhuliangyou Heshengliangyou Chunguang Jiayu d Tab. 7 7 Roots xylem sap of per culm after heading / mg h - 1 Roots xylem sap of per culm 1 d 11 d 21 d 28 d /% Roots xylem sap of per culm decline ratio 11 d 21 d 28 d 819 Zhuliangyou Luliangyou Zhuliangyou Heshengliangyou Chunguang Jiayu N 8 25 N N N ~ 19 kg /hm 2 4 ~ 11 kg /hm 2 8 ~ 9 kg /hm 2 30% ± 1% ~ 3% 60% ± 1% ~ 4% 10% ± 2% 948 N N * N ** 3 6

6 Tab. 8 8 Amount of nitrogen accumulate N / kg hm - 2 Nitrogen accumulate Seeding - panicle differentiation initiation / kg hm - 2 /% Panicle differentiation -full heading / kg hm - 2 /% Full heading -mature / kg hm - 2 /% 819 Zhuliangyou Luliangyou Zhuliangyou Heshengliangyou Chunguang Jiayu N % J J J J J J J J J J J J