Crops and markets. Fourth quarter 2013 Volume 94 No 958. Isued by the Directorate Statistics and Economic Analysis

Transcription

1 Crops and markets Fourth quarter 2013 Volume 94 No 958 Isued by the Directorate Statistics and Economic Analysis DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES agriculture, forestry & fisheries Department: Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

2 CONTENTS SECTION A Economic indicators and trends 1. Crop estimates and forecasts 2. Economic indicators of the South African agricultural sector 3. Economic overview 4. Indices of producer prices of agricultural products 5. Consumer price indices 6. Price indices of farming requisites Page No SECTION B Fresh produce markets overview Fresh market statistics and graphic presentations Interesting fruit: Kiwi fruit Mass, value and average price of vegetables sold on the 19 major fresh produce markets Mass, value and average price of fruit sold on the 19 major fresh produce markets 1. Apples 2. Pears 3. Oranges 4. Lemons 5. Avocados 6. Bananas 7. Papayas 8. Pineapples 9. Potatoes 10. Sweet potatoes 11. Onions 12. Tomatoes 13. Carrots 14. Cabbage 15. Cauliflower 16. Lettuce 17. Green beans 18. Pumpkins 19. Gem squashes 20. Hubbard squashes 21. Butternut squashes 22. Peppers 23. English cucumbers

3 SECTION A ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND TRENDS 1. CROP ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS Preliminary estimate of areas planted to summer field crops for the 2014 production season The preliminary estimate of areas planted to summer crops for the 2014 production season was released by the Crop Estimates Committee (CEC) on 28 January The estimate for maize was 2,710 million ha, which is 2,5% less than the 2,781 million ha planted the previous season, and 1,0% higher than the intended plantings figure of 2,685 million ha released in October The area estimate for white maize was 1,572 million ha, which represents a decrease of 2,8% compared with the 1,617 million ha planted for the 2013 season. In the case of yellow maize, the area estimate was 1,139 million ha, which is 2,2% less than the 1,164 million ha planted for The preliminary area estimate for sunflower seed was ha, which is 22,5% more than the ha planted the previous season. It was also estimated that ha had been planted to soya beans, which represents a slight decrease of 0,1% from the ha planted for the 2013 season. For groundnuts, the area estimate was ha, which is 6,6% more than the ha planted the previous season. The area planted to sorghum increased by an estimated 19,3%, from ha to ha. In the case of dry beans, the area estimate was ha, which is 29,0% more than the ha planted the previous season. Preliminary estimate of areas planted to summer grain crops: 2014 Crop Area planted 2014 Area planted 2013 Final crop 2013 Change in area 2014 vs 2013 ha ha tons % White maize ,8 Yellow maize ,2 Maize ,5 Sunflower seed ,5 Soya beans ,1 Groundnuts ,6 Sorghum ,3 Dry beans ,0 Sixth production forecast for winter field crops for 2013 According to the sixth production forecast of winter crops, also released by the CEC on 28 January 2014, the expected wheat crop for 2013 was 1,795 million tons, which is 4,0% or tons less than the 1,870 million tons of the previous season. The expected yield was 3,55 t/ha, compared to 3,66 t/ha the previous season. The area estimate for wheat was ha, as against ha for 2012 a decrease of 1,1%. The main contributing provinces to the expected wheat crop were the Western Cape, with a production forecast of tons (50,9%), followed by the Northern Cape with tons (16,1%). The expected yield for the Western Cape was 2,95 t/ha, which is 10,6% lower than the 3,30 t/ha of the previous season. The expected yield for the Northern Cape was 6,90 t/ha, compared to 6,49 t/ha the previous season an increase of 6,3%. The production forecast for malting barley was tons, which is 11,5% or tons lower than the tons of the previous season. The area planted was estimated at ha, and the expected yield was 3,24 t/ha. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 1 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

4 The expected canola crop was tons, while the area estimate was ha, with an expected yield of 1,55 t/ha. Estimated areas planted and sixth production forecast for winter cereals: 2013 Crop Area planted 2013 Sixth forecast 2013 Area planted 2012 Final crop 2012 Change in production 2013 vs 2012 ha tons ha tons % Wheat ,0 Malting barley ,5 Canola ,8 Updates on these figures can be found on the following websites: estimates; and crop estimates Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 2 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

5 2. ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR Indicator (at current prices) Jan. to Dec Jan. to Dec % change Total gross farming income (R million) ,6 Intermediate expenditure (R million) ,9 Total farming cost (R million) ,4 Net farming income (R million) ,3 Domestic terms of trade (2005 = 100) 0,86 0,84-2,9 Gross income from major products at current prices Jan. to Dec Jan. to Dec Change Field crops: R million % Maize ,1 Wheat ,1 Sugar cane ,5 Sunflower seed ,6 Tobacco ,4 All field crops ,1 Horticulture: Vegetables (including potatoes) ,2 Deciduous and other fruit ,3 Citrus fruit ,0 Viticulture ,2 Subtropical fruit ,0 All horticultural products ,5 Animal products: Poultry meat ,3 Cattle and calves slaughtered ,0 Milk ,9 Eggs ,8 Sheep slaughtered ,7 All animal products ,4 Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 3 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

6 R'million 3. ECONOMIC OVERVIEW This article gives an overview of the major macroeconomic trends in the agricultural sector for the period 1 January to 31 December Aggregates are compared with the period 1 January to 31 December Gross farming income Gross farming income refers to both the part of agricultural production that is marketed and production for own consumption, valued at basic prices. Gross income from all agricultural products for the 12 months that ended on 31 December 2013 amounted to R million, which is 8,6% higher than the income during the previous 12 months. This increase is the result of an increase in income from field crops, horticultural products and animal products. The income from field crops increased by R2 744 million or 6,1% and amounted to R million. The income from sunflower seed increased by 17,6%, sugar cane by 14,5% and tobacco by 8,4%, while the income from maize and wheat decreased slightly by 0,1%. The income from horticultural products rose by R5 680 million or 13,5% and amounted to R million. The gross income of farmers from deciduous and other fruit increased by 23,3%, citrus fruit by 21,0%, vegetables by 8,2% and viticulture by 5,2%, while the income from subtropical fruit decreased by 2,0%. Income from animal products showed an increase of R6 058 or 7,4% and amounted to R million. This is mainly as a result of the increases in incomes from poultry meat (11,3%), milk (9,9%), sheep slaughtered (7,7%), eggs (6,8%) and cattle and calves slaughtered (2,0%) Gross farming income (GFI) 2009 to 2013 (January to December) Year Field crops Horticulture Animal products Expenditure on intermediate production inputs Expenditure on intermediate production inputs refers to the value of the goods and services that were purchased to be consumed as inputs during the production process. During the period under review, expenditure on intermediate goods and services increased by 8,9%, from R million in 2012 to R million in Expenditure on farm feeds remained the biggest expenditure item, accounting for 20,9%, followed by fuel (14,1%), farm services (12,9%), maintenance and repairs (11,3%), seed and plants (9,5%), animal health and crop protection (8,6%), packing material (7,6%), fertilisers (6,2%) and building and fencing material (3,7%). Expenditure on seed and plants increased by 12,0%, maintenance and repairs by 11,7%, packing material by 9,8%, building and fencing by 9,1%, animal health and crop protection by 9,0%, farm feeds by 8,2%, fuel by 7,3%, farm services by 6,8% and fertilisers by 6,1%. Prices received and paid by farmers as well as terms of trade On average, prices received by farmers for their products increased by 4,0%. The weighted average price of field crops increased by 1,0%, because of increases in the prices of winter grains (19,1%), dry beans (15,4%), tobacco (13,8%), hay (11,0%) and oilseeds (5,2%). The prices of summer grain, cotton and sugar cane decreased by 5,6%, 1,6% and 0,4% respectively. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 4 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

7 2005 = 100 Prices of horticultural products increased by 7,7%. Prices of fruit, vegetables and viticultural products rose by 8,9%, 6,5% and 6,2 % respectively. The weighted average price of animal products increased by 4,4%. Prices of pastoral products increased by 13,8%, dairy products by 8,6% and poultry meat by 6,6%, whereas the prices of slaughtered stock decreased by 1,8%. The prices paid for farming requisites, including machinery and implements, material for fixed improvements as well as intermediate goods, rose by 7,1%, compared to 14,5% in the previous year. Prices paid for tractors increased by 10,8%, seeds by 10,5%, feeds and packing material by 7,1% each, animal health and crop protection by 6,8%, building material by 6,5%, fuel by 6,4%, trucks by 6,3%, maintenance and repairs and fertilisers by 5,9% each, and fencing material by 5,3%. The 4,0% increase in prices received compared to the 7,1% increase in prices paid by farmers resulted in the weakening of the domestic terms of trade by 2,9%. 320 Prices paid and received by farmers 4 th quarter 2010 to 4 th quarter Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q Prices paid for production inputs Prices received for horticultural products Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Prices received for field crops Prices received for animal products Net farming income, cash flow and farming debt An increase of 8,6% in gross farming income against an increase of 7,1% in expenditure on intermediate production inputs resulted in an increase of 7,3% in net farming income to R million. Interest payments increased by 8,8%, labour remuneration by 5,9% and rent payments by 5,8%. The cash flow of the farmers for the period ended December 2013 increased by 8,8% to R million, from R million the previous year. The total farming debt at the end of December 2013 is estimated at R million, compared to R million at the end of 2012, which is an increase of 15,5%. Conclusion The gross income of farmers for the period 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013 increased by 8,6% from that of the previous 12 months. This was the result of the increases in income by 13,4% from horticultural products, 7,4% from animal products and 6,1% from field crops. The higher income can be attributed to higher production levels of field crops, horticultural products and animal products. Farming expenses during 2013 were higher than during the 12 months up to 31 December 2012, because of an increase in prices of some of the important production inputs. The net farming income, cash flow of farmers and debt rose, from the previous year. Compiled by Ephaphrus Mankwane Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 5 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

8 4. INDICES OF PRODUCER PRICES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS November December Product Weight Index (2005 = 100) Field crops ,8 295,7 295,7 318,1 Horticulture ,2 197,0 192,9 198,9 Animal husbandry ,5 205,0 206,9 201,6 Combined ,9 224,7 224,5 228,9 Field crops Summer grains ,2 343,1 346,3 394,7 Winter cereals ,9 248,0 259,8 266,3 Oilseeds 9 377,6 372,7 386,7 349,9 Sugar cane ,9 227,0 226,0 227,5 Hay ,2 243,6 221,8 240,9 Dry beans 1 339,9 400,5 339,9 400,5 Cotton 1 208,2 196,3 208,2 196,3 Tobacco 2 155,9 163,2 155,9 163,2 Combined ,8 295,7 295,7 318,1 Horticulture Viticulture ,0 137,0 129,0 137,0 Vegetables ,4 205,6 201,0 216,6 Fruit ,4 207,7 205,2 202,9 Combined ,2 197,0 192,9 198,9 Animal husbandry Pastoral products 3 274,1 316,2 292,7 318,9 Stock slaughtered ,7 197,0 207,0 199,3 Dairy ,3 218,7 196,3 218,7 Poultry ,9 198,9 205,1 190,2 Combined ,5 205,0 206,9 201,6 220 Producer price index for vegetables, fruit and stock slaughtered 2005 = Jan. '13 Mar. '13 May '13 Jul. '13 Sep. '13 Nov. '13 Vegetables Fruit Stock slaughtered Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 6 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

9 5. CONSUMER PRICE INDICES Item Weight October 2013 November 2013 December 2013 Index (2005 = 100) All items 100,00 167,2 167,1 166,2 All items, excluding food 79,01 155,9 155,3 153,0 Food 20,99 189,6 190,7 191,6 Grain products 3,81 201,3 203,6 208,4 Meat 5,66 185,9 186,6 187,4 Fish and other seafood 0,69 183,2 182,3 180,3 Milk, cheese and eggs 1,96 184,6 190,1 191,9 Fats and oils 0,76 215,0 213,2 212,4 Fruit and nuts 1,09 163,6 167,3 173,4 Vegetables 2,00 204,4 194,3 188,5 Sugar 0,50 190,8 189,0 189,0 Coffee, tea and cocoa 1,07 204,5 209,5 213,6 Other 3,45 180,5 182,9 182,8 Source: Statistics South Africa 6. PRICE INDICES OF FARMING REQUISITES (BASE YEAR: 2005 = 100) Period Machinery and implements Tractors Lorries Implements Irrigation equipment Combined index Material for fixed improvements Building materials Fencing materials Combined index ,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100, ,2 110,6 100,1 105,0 103,8 99,2 101,8 100, ,4 101,9 100,1 108,4 101,6 124,0 107,3 118, ,8 113,0 113,9 120,5 115,0 136,2 121,1 130, ,9 128,8 130,6 124,4 132,7 142,7 139,5 141,6 January 129,7 120,9 124,0 123,1 124,7 144,9 132,8 140,7 April 141,2 126,9 129,7 123,9 131,6 148,3 137,7 144,6 2008/09 128,4 119,8 122,6 125,8 123,9 143,7 128,2 138,3 July 146,1 131,1 133,9 124,2 135,6 138,6 140,1 139,1 October 150,6 136,3 134,9 126,2 139,0 138,9 147,5 141, ,8 152,9 149,7 127,7 152,5 140,1 154,2 145,1 January 157,2 143,1 142,4 125,6 145,0 138,4 150,6 145,5 April 163,1 150,3 147,9 128,3 150,8 140,8 154,2 142,7 2009/10 154,3 140,2 139,8 126,1 142,6 139,1 148,1 142,3 July 167,3 156,3 152,8 127,8 155,2 139,7 155,9 145,4 October 171,5 161,8 155,6 129,0 156,0 141,7 156,2 146,8 Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 7 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

10 Period Machinery and implements Tractors Lorries Implements Irrigation equipment Combined index Material for fixed improvements Building materials Fencing materials Combined index ,5 176,5 165,7 137,3 169,0 146,6 166,5 153,6 January 174,5 169,4 162,1 132,2 164,4 144,0 162,1 150,3 April 175,1 170,8 164,1 136,8 166,1 145,5 165,5 152,5 2010/11 172,1 164,6 158,7 131,4 161,1 142,7 159,9 148,7 July 178,2 177,6 166,1 139,0 169,8 147,5 166,6 154,2 October 182,1 188,3 170,4 141,4 175,6 149,7 171,7 157, ,3 203,7 186,2 150,6 187,4 160,5 180,7 167,5 January 184,2 197,1 177,2 144,8 181,2 159,1 175,1 164,7 April 184,8 204,2 183,7 148,9 185,8 159,2 179,9 166,5 2011/12 182,3 191,8 174,0 143,5 178,0 153,9 173,3 160,7 July 189,6 214,4 189,2 153,0 192,3 160,8 185,3 169,4 October 194,7 199,2 190,7 155,7 190,2 162,7 182,3 169, ,7 216,5 196,9 161,5 201,9 170,9 190,3 177,7 January 201,1 210,2 192,3 155,3 195,7 173,0 183,1 176,6 April 207,9 217,0 193,7 156,9 200,3 172,0 194,4 179,8 2012/13 198,3 210,2 191,5 155,2 194,6 167,1 186,3 173,8 July 210,4 228,7 201,1 169,3 208,1 162,7 192,2 173,0 October 215,4 210,0 200,4 165,5 203,4 175,9 191,4 181,4 Period Intermediate goods and services Fertilisers Fuel Stockfeed Animal health and crop protection Packing material Maintenance and repairs Combined index All farming requisites combined ,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100, ,0 108,5 109,9 105,2 101,0 107,6 107,2 106, ,1 125,0 117,0 115,8 107,3 111,5 118,8 116, ,7 186,0 153,9 136,2 126,0 126,2 160,8 154, ,4 176,6 180,3 154,9 143,4 145,3 172,8 166,6 January 307,7 174,9 168,8 147,9 135,1 138,1 172,2 165,6 April 208,3 175,6 176,0 150,7 140,5 143,5 168,5 163,1 2008/09 291,0 187,9 166,9 145,4 132,6 135,8 171,4 164,2 July 182,3 177,7 184,7 157,6 146,1 147,6 172,1 166,2 October 191,2 178,2 191,7 163,4 152,0 151,8 177,8 171, ,6 183,8 209,0 176,8 164,9 166,1 193,4 186,3 January 203,2 179,8 200,8 168,5 156,4 158,5 185,0 178,3 April 216,0 183,9 206,7 175,5 161,9 163,4 191,3 184,4 2009/10 198,1 179,9 196,0 166,2 154,1 155,3 181,5 175,1 Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 8 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

11 2005 = 100 Period Intermediate goods and services Fertilisers Fuel Stockfeed Animal health and crop protection Packing material Maintenance and repairs Combined index All farming requisites combined July 222,3 182,9 212,8 180,6 167,7 168,9 196,3 189,0 October 233,1 188,7 215,7 182,6 173,6 173,6 201,1 193, ,1 193,3 233,6 196,0 187,9 189,6 217,9 209,1 January 252,9 186,7 224,5 189,1 177,1 180,1 208,3 200,4 April 262,7 202,3 229,9 193,0 183,3 187,1 215,8 207,0 2010/11 242,8 190,2 220,7 186,3 175,4 177,4 205,4 197,5 July 274,8 201,0 234,1 197,5 189,9 190,4 220,5 211,4 October 289,9 183,4 245,8 204,5 201,5 200,8 226,8 217, ,5 224,5 269,2 220,4 223,5 208,9 250,7 239,3 January 311,0 209,1 261,3 212,0 213,8 202,6 241,7 231,0 April 297,0 227,4 270,5 219,6 221,5 208,5 249,5 238,1 2011/12 293,2 205,2 252,9 208,4 206,7 200,2 234,6 224,5 July 325,2 226,8 278,6 225,6 229,4 214,4 258,1 246,3 October 300,7 234,7 266,4 224,3 229,5 210,2 253,4 242, ,7 238,8 288,4 235,3 239,4 221,2 268,4 256,3 January 328,7 236,6 280,2 225,6 243,5 213,0 263,1 251,1 April 320,8 237,5 292,7 233,2 230,5 220,0 269,1 256,8 2012/13 318,8 233,9 279,5 227,2 233,3 214,4 261,0 249,0 July 345,3 240,7 300,9 239,3 238,8 230,2 275,6 262,8 October 312,1 240,5 279,8 243,2 244,7 221,5 265,7 254, Price indices of farming requisites Oct. '11 Jan. '12 Apr. '12 Jul. '12 Oct. '12 Jan. '13 Apr. '13 Jul. '13 Oct. '13 Machinery and implements Intermediate goods Quarter Material for fixed improvements Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 9 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

12 SECTION B FRESH PRODUCE MARKETS OVERVIEW FRESH MARKET STATISTICS AND GRAPHIC PRESENTATION OF SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS IN QUANTITIES AND PRICES OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES SOLD ON THE MAJOR FRESH PRODUCE MARKETS The purpose of this overview is to show the short-term price and volume trends (seasonal fluctuations) of various types of fruit and vegetables sold on the major fresh produce markets and to make comparisons between markets. Market prices are determined by the interaction between supply and demand, which is influenced by various factors. Supply factors include climate, seasonal production, perishability of products, the reaction of producers to prices realised in preceding periods, etc. Demand factors include consumer preferences, substitution between products and per capita income. Therefore, the seasonal pattern of quantities sold and prices realised may differ considerably among the various markets. The graphs in this overview depict the trends for fruit and vegetables sold on the Bloemfontein Fresh Produce Market and give an indication of the variations in monthly volumes sold and prices received, based on the average for the 5-year period 2009 to Detailed information regarding the specific varieties of fruit and vegetables sold on the markets is available on request from Ms Mahlatse Makaleng, Directorate Statistics and Economic Analysis, tel , fax , or MahlatseMa@daff.gov.za. Interesting Fruit: Kiwifruit Scientific name: Actinidia deliciosa Common names: kiwi fruit, kiwi, Chinese gooseberry, yang tao Origin: The kiwi fruit is a fruit with a very interesting history and whose recent rise in popularity reflects a combination of an appreciation for its taste, nutritional value, unique appearance and, surprisingly, its changing name. Native to China, kiwi fruit was originally known as yang tao, which was replaced by Europeans with the descriptive term Chinese gooseberry (because of the flavour and colour of the flesh). The fruit was brought to New Zealand from China by missionaries in the early 20 th century, with the first commercial plantings occurring several decades later. In 1960, they were renamed kiwi fruit to give them more market appeal, after the national bird of New Zealand, the kiwi. Currently, Italy, New Zealand, Chile, France, Japan and the United States are among the leading commercial producers of kiwi fruit. Description: The kiwi fruit is borne on a vigorous, woody, twining vine or climbing shrub reaching 9 m. The large, deep-green, leathery leaves are oval to nearly circular and 7,5 to 12,5 cm in diameter. Young leaves and shoots are coated with red hairs, while mature leaves are dark green and hairless on the upper surface and downy white with prominent, light coloured veins beneath. The flowers are 3 5 cm across. White to cream-colored flowers are somewhat fragrant and produced as singlet to triplets in the leaf axils. The flowering period extends over several weeks. Most varieties require a male plant to pollinate the female plants to bear fruit, therefore plants of both sexes are needed. Some varieties can self-pollinate, but they produce a greater and more reliable yield when pollinated by male kiwi fruit vines. The fruit is up to 6.25 cm long, with russet-brown skin densely covered with short, stiff, brown hairs. The flesh is firm until fully ripe, is glistening, bright green or sometimes yellow, brownish or off-white, except for the white, succulent centre from which radiate many fine, pale lines. Between these lines are scattered minute dark-purple or nearly black seeds, unnoticeable in eating. The fruit has a soft texture and a sweet but unique flavour. Cultivation: Kiwi fruit can be grown in most temperate climates with adequate summer heat. Where fuzzy kiwis are not hardy, other species can be grown as substitutes. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 10 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

13 Kiwi fruit is commercially grown on sturdy support structures, as it can produce several tons per hectare, more than the vines can support. These are generally equipped with a watering system for irrigation and frost protection in the spring. Kiwi fruit vines require vigorous pruning, similar to that of grapevines. Fruit is borne on one-year-old and older canes, but production declines as the canes age. Canes should be pruned off and replaced after their third year. Health and nutritional benefits: Kiwi packs way more vitamin C than oranges, almost one and a half times more. Vitamin C has been known to boost the immune system, fight infection and repair and regenerate certain body tissues. Kiwi contains about as much potassium as a banana. Potassium regulates bodily fluids, electrolytes, acidity, blood pressure and neuromuscular functions. Beacause of its high dietary fibre content, kiwi can sometimes act as a mild laxative to help move along waste. It can also help to absorb vitamins and minerals for use throughout the body. Kiwi has a fair quantity of vitamin E that can help retard potential skin degeneration as well as contribute to a healthier heart. The study has shown that consuming two kiwi fruits per day for about one month actually thinned the blood. This could possibly benefit the decrease of potential blood clots as well as fat that may be blocking the arteries. The antioxidant found in kiwi has been known to attack free radicals, helping the body stave off disease. It is also a blue light absorber, which helps prevent eye disease such as macular degeneration. The skin and seeds of a kiwi also have significant nutritional benefits. They contain oil that is high in omega-3 fatty acids as well as alpha-linoleic acids. These two essential acids are not produced by the body and therefore must be acquired through diet. They are paramount in contributing to joint, heart and metabolic health. Kiwi fruit skin is edible and is another source of excellent dietary fibre as well as a flavonoid antioxidant. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 11 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

14 Medical uses: The branches and leaves are boiled in water and the liquid used for treating mange in dogs. In China, the fruit and the juice of the stalk are esteemed for expelling "gravel". Food uses: For home use, the fruit is hand-picked. In addition to eating out-of-hand, it is served as appetisers, in salads, in fish, fowl, meat dishes, in pies, puddings, and prepared as cake-filling. Ice cream may be topped with kiwi fruit sauce or slices, and the fruit is used in breads and various beverages. Kiwi fruit cannot be blended with yoghurt because it contains the enzyme actinidain, which conflicts with the yoghurt process. In fact, actinidain makes raw kiwi fruit unsuitable for use in desserts containing milk or any other dairy products that are not going to be served within hours, because the enzyme soon begins to digest milk proteins. Other uses: The scraped stems of the vine are used as rope in China, and paper has been made from the leaves and bark. If the bark at the base of the vine, close to the roots, is removed in one piece and placed in hot ashes, it will roll into a firm tube which can be used as a pencil. Allergies: The actinidain found in kiwi fruit can be an allergen for some individuals. Specifically people allergic to latex bananas, papayas, or pineapples are likely to also be allergic to kiwi fruit. The fruit also contains calcium oxalate crystals in the form of raphides. Reactions to these chemicals include sweating, tingling and sore mouth or throat; swelling of the lips, tongue and face; rash; vomiting and abdominal pain, heartburn; and, in the most severe cases, breathing difficulties, wheezing and collapse. The most common symptoms are unpleasant itching and soreness of the mouth, with the most common severe symptom being wheezing. Severe symptoms are most likely to occur in young children. Sources: Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 12 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

15 Mass, value and average price of vegetables sold on the 19 major fresh produce markets: October to December 2013 Code Market Rands Tons Rands/ton TSW Tshwane (Pretoria) JHB Johannesburg BFN Bloemfontein KIM Kimberley CT Cape Town PE Port Elizabeth EL East London DBN Durban PMB Pietermaritzburg WLK Welkom KDP Klerksdorp VER Vereeniging SPR Springs UIT Uitenhage WBK Witbank NLS Nelspruit MPL Mpumalanga KEI Kei (Mthatha) GEO George Mass, value and average price of fruit sold on the 19 major fresh produce markets: October to December 2013 Code Market Rands Tons Rands/ton TSW Tshwane (Pretoria) JHB Johannesburg BFM Bloemfontein KIM Kimberley CT Cape Town PE Port Elizabeth EL East London DBN Durban PMB Pietermaritzburg WLK Welkom KDP Klerksdorp VER Vereeniging SPR Springs UIT Uitenhage WBK Witbank NLS Nelspruit MPL Mpumalanga KEI Kei (Mthatha) GEO George Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 13 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

16 1. Apples TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK MPL 1 2 MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average Sales of apples and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 14 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

17 2. Pears TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT 2 UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Average Average Sales of pears and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 15 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

18 3. Oranges TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO 11 5 GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average Sales of oranges and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price 500 Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 16 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

19 4. Lemons TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER 0 0 VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK 0 0 WBK GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Average Average Sales of lemons and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 17 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

20 5. Avocados TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT 1 1 UIT WBK WBK GEO 0 0 GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Average Average Sales of avocados and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 18 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

21 6. Bananas TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average Sales of bananas and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 19 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

22 7. Papayas TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Average Average Sales of papayas and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 20 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

23 8. Pineapples TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Average Average Sales of pineapples and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 21 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

24 9. Potatoes TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK NLS NLS MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK NLS NLS MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average Sales of potatoes and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 22 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

25 10. Sweet potatoes TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM 0 KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK MPL 5 1 MPL KEI 1 1 KEI GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average Sales of sweet potatoes and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 23 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

26 11. Onions TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK NLS NLS MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK NLS NLS MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average 600 Sales of onions and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 24 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

27 12. Tomatoes TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO 0 2 GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average Sales of tomatoes and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 25 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

28 13. Carrots TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK MPL MPL KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average Sales of carrots and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 26 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

29 14. Cabbage TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO 0 1 GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK KEI KEI GEO GEO Average Average 800 Sales of cabbage and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price 800 Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 27 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

30 15. Cauliflower TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER 0 0 VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK 0 WBK GEO 1 GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Average Average Sales of cauliflower and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 28 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013

31 16. Lettuce TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO 2 GEO Total Total TSW TSW JHB JHB BFN BFN KIM KIM CT CT PE PE EL EL DBN DBN PMB PMB WLK WLK KDP KDP VER VER SPR SPR UIT UIT WBK WBK GEO GEO Average Average Sales of lettuce and prices received on the Bloemfontein Market Quantity Price Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 29 Crops and Markets Fourth Quarter 2013