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1 332 Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries POPULATION million; as of 1 July LABOR FORCE a thousand; calendar year Employed Agriculture Manufacturing Mining Others Unemployed Unemployment rate, % NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Mn Baht; calendar year At Current Market Prices 010 GDP by Industrial Origin * * Agriculture * * Mining * * Manufacturing * * Electricity, gas and water * * Construction * * Trade * * Transport and communications * * Finance * * Public administration * * Others b * * Net factor income from abroad * * GNP * * Expenditure on GDP * * Private consumption * * Government consumption * * Gross fixed capital formation * * Increase in stocks * * Exports of goods and services * * Less: Imports of goods and services * * Statistical discrepancy * * 030 At Constant 1988 Prices 031 GDP by Industrial Origin * * Agriculture * * Mining * * Manufacturing * * Electricity, gas and water * * Construction * * Trade * * Transport and communications * * Finance * * Public administration * * Others b * * Net factor income from abroad * * GNP * * Expenditure on GDP * * Private consumption * * Government consumption * * Gross fixed capital formation * * Increase in stocks * * Exports of goods and services * * Less: Imports of goods and services * * Statistical discrepancy * * 051 Investment Financing, at current prices 052 Gross domestic capital formation * * Gross national saving * * Gross domestic saving * * Net factor income from abroad * * 055

2 334 Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries 335 At Current Market Prices, Baht 056 Per capita GDP * * Per capita GNP * * 057 PRODUCTION thousand metric tons; calendar year Agriculture, crop year Sugarcane * Tapioca roots * Rice * Maize * Rubber * Coconut * Mung beans * Jute and kenaf * Cotton * 066 Mining Gypsum Marl Fluorite ore c Manufacturing Cement Sugar Synthetic fiber Tin plate Galvanized iron sheets Jute products Production Indexes period averages 076 Agriculture, = Mining, 1995 = Manufacturing, 1995 = ENERGY annual values Crude petroleum, 000 m.t. 079 Production Exports Imports Consumption Coal, 000 m.t. 083 Production Exports Imports Consumption Electricity, Mn kwh 087 Production Exports Imports Consumption Retail prices, Baht/liter 091 Gasoline Diesel PRICE INDEXES period averages 093 Consumer (Whole Kingdom), 1994 = Food Non-food Consumer (Bangkok), 1994 = Food Non-food

3 336 Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries Wholesale, 1985 = Implicit GDP deflator, 1988 = * * 100 MONEY AND BANKING Bn Baht; as of end of period 101 Money supply (M1) Currency in circulation Demand deposits Quasi-money Money supply (M2) Foreign assets (net) Domestic credit Claims on gov t. sector (net) Claims on private sector d Claims on other financial insts Other items Deposit Money Banks 112 Demand deposits Savings deposits Time deposits Domestic credits outstanding e Interest Rates percent; as of end of period On deposits 116 Savings f Time: 6 months g months h On loans and discounts Commercial bills i Export credit i Other commercial i, j GOVERNMENT FINANCE k Mn Baht; year ending 31 December Central Government 123 Current revenue Taxes Non-taxes Current expenditure Current surplus/deficit Capital receipts Capital expenditure Capital account surplus/deficit Net lending Non-budgetary surplus/deficit Overall surplus/deficit Financing 134 Domestic borrowing (net) Foreign borrowing (net) Foreign grants Use of cash balances l Expenditure by Function, Central Gov t. 138 Total General public services Defence Education Health Social security and welfare Housing and community amenities Economic services Others

4 338 Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries 339 EXTERNAL TRADE Mn Baht; calendar year 147 Exports, fob Imports, cif Trade balance Exports, by SITC section 150 Food and live animals Beverage and tobacco Crude materials excl. fuels Mineral fuels, etc Animal, vegetable oil and fats Chemicals Basic manufactures Machines, transport equipment Misc. manufactured goods Unclassified goods Re-exports Exports, by principal commodity Textile products Rice Precious stones Jewelry Shrimp, fresh and frozen Rubber Tapioca products Imports, by SITC section 168 Food and live animals Beverage and tobacco Crude materials excl. fuels Mineral fuels, etc Animal, vegetable oil and fats Chemicals Basic manufactures Machines, transport equipment Misc. manufactured goods Unclassified goods m Direction of Trade Mn US dollars; calendar year 178 Exports, Total United States Japan Singapore Hong Kong, China Germany Netherlands United Kingdom Malaysia China, People s Republic of France Imports, Total Japan United States Singapore Germany Malaysia Korea, Republic of China, People s Republic of United Kingdom Australia France

5 340 Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries 341 Trade Indexes 1995 = 100; period averages Quantum index 200 Exports Imports Unit value index 202 Exports Imports Terms of Trade BALANCE OF PAYMENTS Mn US dollars; calendar year 205 Merchandise exports, fob Merchandise imports, fob Trade balance Other goods, services and income Credit Debit Unrequited transfers Private Official Current balance Direct investment Portfolio investment Other long-term capital Other short-term capital Deposit Money Banks Net errors and omissions Overall balance Allocation of SDRs Monetary movements INTERNATIONAL RESERVES Mn US dollars; as of end of period 224 Total Gold, national valuation Foreign exchange Reserve position in the Fund SDRs EXCHANGE RATES Baht per US dollar 229 End of period Average of period EXTERNAL INDEBTEDNESS Mn US dollars; as of end of year 231 Total outstanding and disbursed Long-term Public and publicly guaranteed Private non-guaranteed Short-term Use of IMF credit Debt service transactions during the year 237 Principal repayments on LT debt Interest on long-term debt Interest on short-term debt Average terms of new commitments 240 Interest (%) Maturity (years) Grace period (years) Grant element (%)

6 342 Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries 343 Footnotes: a Prior to 1986, the labor force refers to the population aged 11 years and over; thereafter, it refers to the population aged 13 years and over; For 1983 onward, item includes seasonally inactive labor force. For 1998, data for unemployed and unempoyment rate include seasonally inactive labor force. b Includes ownership of dwellings. c Prior to 1988, item includes metallurgical and low-grade ores. d Refers to claims on non-financial public enterprises and claims on business and household sectors. e Refers to loans and overdrafts. f Actual ranges of rates are: For 1988, 6.25% to 7.25%, 1990, 10.00% to 12.00% and 1992, 6.00% to 6.50%. g Actual ranges of rates are: For 1988, 7.00% to 9.50%, 1990, 13.00% to 15.50%, 1992, 8.00% to 9.00%, 1994, 8.25% to 10.00%, 1995, 10.25% to 11.00%, 1996, 8.50% to 9.25%, and 1997, 10.00% to 11.50%. h Actual ranges of rates are: For 1988, 7.75% to 9.50%, 1989, 9.50% to 10.25%, 1990, 12.00% to 15.50%, 1994, 8.25% to 10.25%, 1995, 10.25% to 11.00%, 1996, 8.50% to 9.25%, and 1997, 10.00% to 13.00%. i Actual ranges of rates are: For 1992, 16.00% to 16.50%, 1994, 14.00% to 14.75%, 1995, 16.00% to 16.50% and 1996, 15.00% to 15.50%. j Refers to discount rates for bills on raw materials for industrial use and bills on sales on credit of industrial products. k The use of foreign funds is excluded from expenditure items, therefore, foreign disbursements are not shown under financing items. l For , item includes expenditure for government pension fund. m Includes gold.