Progress on FCEV development and conditions for FCEV market introduction

Transcription

1 F-Cell Symposium 2013, Stuttgart Progress on FCEV development and conditions for FCEV market introduction Dr. Jörg Wind, 01 st of October 2013 Daimler AG 1

2 Drive portfolio for the mobility of tomorrow Long Distance Interurban City Traffic ML 250 BlueTEC 4MATIC Efficient Combustion Engine S 400 HYBRID Hybrid Drive S500 Plug-in HYBRID Plug-in Hybrid smart fortwo electric drive Electric Vehicle with Battery B-Class F-CELL Electric Vehicle wit Fuel Cell Combustion drive Emission free mobility 2

3 CO2- and Energy comparison Fuel Cell: Battery: High range (>400 km), short refueling time (3 min), Applicable for different vehicle concepts Optimal operation in compact cars for the city traffic ( km), Recharging over night 200 GHG* Emissions [g CO2eq/km] PHFCV (Wind-Electricity, Grid, Centr. Electrolysis, FCV CH2, PlugIn Hybrid-FCV) (NG 4000km, OS-Comp, CH2, Hybrid-FCV) BEV (Wind-/PV-/Water-Electricity, Grid, Battery EV Li-Ion) Battery-EV Adv. Hybrid (Diesel) Hybrid FC-EV Hybrid ICE Adv. Hybrid (Gasoline) Diesel ICE Gasoline CNG BEV (EU-Electricity-Mix, Grid, Battery EV Li-Ion) FCV (Wind-Electricity, Grid, Centr. Electrolysis, CH2, Hybrid-FCV) Energy Consumption Well-to-Wheel [MJ/100km] Electric drive trains are a real step to reduce energy consumption and green-house emissions. Using EVs means a significant step forward. *GHG: Green House Gas 3

4 Hydrogen has the potential as a future energy carrier Weight and volume of energy storage options for 500 km range Diesel Hydrogen CGH2 700bar Lithium-ion battery 6 kg H2 = 200 kwh chemical energy 100 kwh electrical energy System Fuel System Fuel System Cells 43 kg 33 kg 125 kg 6 kg 830 kg 540 kg 46 L 37 L 260 L 170 L 670 L 360 L The hydrogen fuel cell storage system has a mass of about 125 kg and can be refueled within three-to-five minutes. Source: GM - N. Brinkman, U. Eberle, V. Formanski, U. D. Grebe, R. Matthé Vehicle Electrification Quo Vadis? Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 12 (Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik) Nr. 749, vol. 1, p , ISBN

5 Activities of DAIMLER AG within Fuel Cell Vehicles History of Fuel Cell Vehicles - almost 20 years of Experience Concepts- and feasibility studies Fit for daily use / Fleet test Small series demonstration Series Methanol Necar 3 Necar 5 Passenger cars Necar 2 Necar 4 A-Class F-CELL F600 A-Class F-CELL Advanced B-Class F-CELL Next Generation Necar 1 Nebus Fuel Cell Sprinter Fuel Cell Citaro Fuel Cell Sprinter Citaro FuelCELL-Hybrid Fuel Cell Sprinter Light- + heavy-duty vehicles 5

6 Technical data Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL Fuel Cell System Air module Screw w/o expander Humidifier Gas-to-gas humidifier Power 80 kw # Cell rows 2 # Cells 396 Cold start ability - 25 C Technology Power (18 s./ 5 s.) Nominal voltage Nominal capacity Energy content Volume Battery System Li-Ion-Battery, 60 Cells 30/34 kw 212 V (3,54 V/cell) 6.8 Ah 1.4 kwh 44 l Technology Transmission Power (c/p*) Torque Electric Drive Train PM (permanent magnet motor) compound-planetary + bevel gear differential 70/100 kw 290 Nm Efficiency > 88 % Pressure Volume Weight Capacity Refuelling time H2-Tank System 700 bar 106 l kg 3.7 kg H2 ~ 3min (H2 precooled) 6

7 Packaging of Fuel Cell System Today (B-Class F-CELL) Fuel cell Future Technology Target Reduction of ~ 30% Through a further modularization of the fuel cell specific components, the packaging of future generations of FC vehicles will be simplified. The significantly more compact dimensions would allow a accommodation in the engine compartment of a conventional vehicle. 7

8 Market Preparation Worldwide Fleet Operation Fleet demonstration with the current generation of Fuel Cell vehicles Fleet demonstration of the current generation of electric vehicles with fuel cell (B-Class F-CELL, Citaro FuelCELL-Hybrid) since the end of 2010 in Germany, Europe and the USA. North America 70 B-Class F-CELL vehicles Europe 130 B-Class F-CELL vehicles Fleet Demonstration Oslo Fleet Demonstration Hamburg Fleet Demonstration California Berlin Frankfurt Fleet Demonstration in diverse Europ. Cities 1) Stuttgart Small Series B-Class F-CELL (ca. 200 units) Small Series Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid (ca. 30 units) 1) Projected 8

9 Successful daily operations in customer hands Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL Customer voices My 13year old kid forced me to demonstrate the car at school to his class mates. The FCEV was clearly the most special car around. I never experienced any restrictions because it is a gas vehicle. I frequently take the F-CELL on the ferry. I am driving the future. Literally. 9

10 Challenges of the Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Technology Technology Power density Cooling system Hydrogen storage Durability Supplier Industry Development of a competitive component supplier network Joint funding projects to address demands Establishing and maintaining network Infrastructure Mass Market Cost Reliable refueling technology Build-up of an area-wide infrastructure H2 production at competitive prices Availability of renewable produced hydrogen Fuel cell system & stack Power electronics H2 tank system Infrastructure Hydrogen cost 10

11 Technical Advancements of Daimler s Fuel Cell Vehicles Range H2 Consumption Durability Size Power Top Speed [miles] [l/100km] [hours] [cu. Ft.] [kw] [mph] GEN 1 A-Class F-CELL +135% -16% +100% -40% +30% +21% GEN 2 B-Class F-CELL Next Generation target From generation to generation great technical improvements in numerous technical areas. 11

12 Technology: Demonstration of technical maturity Mercedes-Benz F-CELL World Drive 2011! 125 days 14 countries 3 B-Class F-CELL Appr. 30,000 km per vehicle 29 Legs 2 refuellings per day Up to 1,000 km per day DAIMLER AG demonstrated the reliability and technical maturity of their B-Classes F-CELL and their leadership in this technology. 12

13 Infrastructure: The way to an area-wide H2-Infrastructure (Example Germany) Chicken-Egg Dilemma No vehicles without the infrastructure, no infrastructure without vehicles I Clean Energy Partnership ( ) H 2 and FC Demonstration project in following federal states: Berlin, Hamburg, Hessen, Nordrhein-Westfalen and Baden-Württemberg II III IV H 2 Mobility (since 2009) Initiative for build-up of nationwide H 2 -Infrastructure. Development of a business plan and joint venture negotiations were the first steps Daimler/Linde Cooperation (until 2016) 20 new H 2 fuelling stations are planned in Germany in a cooperation with The Linde Group and Daimler AG. The first station will be built in 2013 H 2 Mobility Joint Venture (from 2013) Transformation of H 2 Mobility to a Joint Venture 13

14 Daimler Commitment: 20 H 2 -refuelling stations as a catalyst for the market introduction of fuel cell technology Key Facts 20 new H 2 refuelling stations (FS) will be built from 2013 jointly by Daimler and Linde with support of federal government Refuelling stations primarily in high-density regions (e.g. Baden-Württemberg), metropolis and corridors Germany as first country, which will get an area-wide H 2 - infrastructure Approximate allocation of 20 FS Excisting FS Add new FS Discussions with retail partners and location agreements 20 H2-refuelling stations until H 2 Mobility Joint Venture 14

15 H2 Infrastructure world-wide in 2013 (700 bar + public accessible) Time to start the roll-out of H2-refuelling infrastructure Great Britain 2 FS in operation Active H2 and FC-Initiatives (UK Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association) Interest in H 2 e.g. Politics UK H2-Mobility: Developing a rollout strategy for H2 transport in the UK USA 7 FS in operation, 2 FS planned (until the end of 2013)* Demonstration projects within CaFCP Further initiatives e.g. Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I), SunHydro Scandinavia 5 FS in operation H2movesSkandinavia : (vehicles from Daimler, Hyundai and TH!NK), Rollout of 10 B-Class F-CELL Active H 2 and FC-Initiatives in those countries (Hydrogen Link, HyNor, Hydrogen Sweden) Germany 15 FS in operation, 2 FS under construction, 20 planned (until the end of 2015) CEP Activities : Demonstration projects Cooperation Daimler AG & Linde Group until 2015: Build up of 20 FS H2-Mobility: Project to facilitate an areawide infrastructure in Germany Japan 5 FS in operation Demonstration projects within JHFC and follower projects Build up of H 2 FS in 4 Metropolis with highway connection until 2015 (MoU between OEMs and Infrastructure operators) South-Korea 3 FS in operation According to Green Car Roadmap there should be 43 FS build until 2015 and 168 until 2020 in South- Korea Incentives for build up of FS will amount 70% until 2014 and 50% until FCEVs should be sold until 2020 Incentives for FCEVs will be implemented in 2015 China 350 bar FS were built and FCEVs operated for Olympic Games and Expo 2010 Currently there are limited activities for further development of H2 Infrastructure FS = Fuelling Station * In Los Angeles Area build up of FS within California Fuel Cell Partnership 15

16 Cost Potentials of the Fuel Cell Technology Costs Power Train per Vehicle Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Cost reduction through technical advances I Cost reduction through technical advances II Cost reduction through establishment of a competitive supply industry Cost reduction through scale effects Hybrid Technology Generation I A-Class F-CELL Technology Generation II B-Class F-CELL Technology Mass Market Hybrid The cost for the fuel cell power train are currently much higher than those from conventional drive systems. They can be reduced considerably through scale effects and technology advances. A reduction of the costs on the level of conventional drive trains is possible. Regarding the TCO 1 comparable values to conventional drive systems are reachable. 1) Total Cost of Ownership 16

17 Thanks for your attention! 17