Product standards Simple Pressure Vessels Guidance notes on UK Regulations February 1996

Transcription

1 Product stadards Simpe Pressure Vesses Guidace otes o UK Reguatios February 1996

2 URN 95/779

3 Cotets Page Simpe Pressure Vesses - the ew aw i brief Free movemet of goods The Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) Reguatios 1991 (as ameded) - Appicatio - Exceptios - Categories of vesses - Safety reuiremets - How to compy Further iformatio Aex A: Defiitios of simpe pressure vesses. Excusios from the appicatio of the Reguatios Aex B: Defiitio of suppy Aex C: Essetia safety reuiremets Aex D: EC certificate of adeuacy, EC type-examiatio certificate, desig ad maufacturig schedue Aex E: EC verificatio procedure Aex F: EC certificate of coformity procedure Aex G: Diagram of steps ecessary to obtai safety cearace This guide is iteded to assist suppiers of simpe pressure vesses to uderstad the effect of the Reguatios. It is ot a authoritive iterpretatio of the Reguatios, which is a matter for the Courts. The guide seeks to expai the reuiremets of the Reguatios i geera terms ad does ot attempt to address detaied issues. You shoud refer to the Reguatios themseves for a fu statemet of the reuiremets. 1

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5 Simpe Pressure Vesses - the ew aw i brief The Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) Reguatios 1991 etered ito force o 31 December 1991 athough there was a trasitioa period to 30 Jue 1992 durig which the Reguatios did ot appy to the suppy ad takig ito service i the Uited Kigdom of vesses that compied with pre-existig Uited Kigdom safety egisatio. The Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) (Amedmet) Reguatios 1994 made a umber of chages to the 1991 Reguatios, i particuar, to brig the coformity procedures ad markig arragemets ito ie with those for a umber of other products. The amedig Reguatios etered ito force o 1 Jauary Therefore from 1 Jauary 1995: most simpe pressure vesses with a stored eergy of over 50 bar.itres, icudig imports, whe suppied i the Uited Kigdom must: meet the essetia safety reuiremets; have safety cearace (which ivoves checkig by a approved body); bear CE markig ad other specified iscriptios; be accompaied by maufacturer's istructios; be safe. most simpe pressure vesses with a stored eergy of up to 50 bar. itres, icudig imports, whe suppied i the Uited Kigdom must: be maufactured i accordace with egieerig practice recogised as soud i a coutry withi the Europea Ecoomic Area (EEA); bear specified iscriptios (but ot CE markig); be safe. simiar reuiremets appy to such vesses whe take ito service i the Uited Kigdom by the maufacturer or importer. There are other provisios affectig maufacturers, importers, suppiers ad users. The Reguatios do ot appy to exports to coutries outside the EEA. 3

6 Faiure to compy with these reuiremets: meas that those vesses caot egay be suppied i the Uited Kigdom; coud resut i prosecutio ad peaties o covictio of a fie of up to 5,000 or, i some cases, of imprisomet for up to three moths, or of both. The same rues appy everywhere i the EEA, so compyig vesses may be suppied aywhere i the EEA. 4

7 Free movemet of goods Achievig the free movemet of goods ies at the heart of achievig a ope market for busiess i Europe. I May 1985, Europea Commuity Miisters agreed o a 'New Approach To Techica Harmoisatio ad Stadards' i order to fufi this objective. 'New Approach' Directives (that is Commuity aws) set out 'essetia reuiremets' (for safety, for exampe), writte i geera terms, which must be met before products may be paced o the market i the Uited Kigdom or aywhere ese i the Commuity. Europea stadards fi i the detai ad are the mai way for busiesses to meet the 'essetia reuiremets'. The Directives aso say how maufacturers are to show that products meet the 'essetia reuiremets'. Products meetig the reuiremets are to carry CE markig, which shoud mea that they ca be suppied aywhere i the Commuity, provided they are safe. The Simpe Pressure Vesses Directive 87/404/EEC, as ameded by Directives 90/488/EEC ad 93/68/EEC, is oe such Directive. It has bee impemeted i Uited Kigdom aw by the Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) Reguatios 1991 ad the Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) (Amedmet) Reguatios This booket describes those Reguatios. The Simpe Pressure Vesses Directive has aso bee exteded by the Europea Ecoomic Area Agreemet which came ito force o 1 Jauary Uder the Agreemet the provisios of the Directive ow appy across the fiftee Member States of the Europea Commuity ad three states of the Europea Free Trade Associatio: Norway, Icead ad, from 1 May 1995, Liechtestei. 5

8 The Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) Reguatios 1991 (SI 1991/2749) as ameded (SI 1994/3098) APPLICATION Etry ito force: 31 December Primary egisatio: the Europea Commuities Act Coverage: the Reguatios appy to: simpe pressure vesses ('vesses'), are vesses which are iteded to cotai air or itroge at a gauge pressure greater tha 0.5 bar but ess tha or eua to 30 bar ad ot iteded to be exposed to fame. They are maufactured i series ad are of weded stee or aumiium costructio; reevat assembies, that is ay assemby icorporatig a vesse. The fu defiitio of a 'simpe pressure vesse' is reproduced at Aex A. Prohibitio o suppy ad takig ito service: the Reguatios make it a offece: for ay perso beig: the maufacturer of a vesse; the maufacturer of a reevat assemby who imported the vesse icorporated therei from a coutry or territory outside the EEA; or the perso who imported a vesse or reevat assemby from such a coutry or territory. to suppy i the Uited Kigdom: a vesse, uess it compies with the safety reuiremets (see beow); or a reevat assemby, uess the vesse icorporated i that assemby compies with the safety reuiremets. for the maufacturer of a vesse himsef to take ito service i the Uited Kigdom: that vesse, uess it compies with the safety reuiremets; or 6

9 a reevat assemby icorporatig that vesse, uess the vesse compies with the safety reuiremets. for the importer ito the Uited Kigdom of a vesse or a reevat assemby to take ito service i the Uited Kigdom: that vesse, uess it compies with the safety reuiremets; a reevat assemby icorporatig that vesse, uess the vesse compies with the safety reuiremets; or the imported reevat assemby, uess the vesse icorporated i that assemby compies with the safety reuiremets. The Reguatios aso make it a offece for ay suppier to suppy a vesse or reevat assemby uess it is safe. The Reguatios prohibit the suppy or takig ito service of vesses ad reevat assembies i the circumstaces described above; but it is aways the vesse that must compy with the safety reuiremets. The Reguatios adopt the defiitio of 'suppy' i sectio 46 of the Cosumer Protectio Act 1987 which is reproduced, ess certai words ot reevat for preset purposes, at Aex B, but exted its meaig to icude offerig or agreeig to suppy, ad exposig or possessig for suppy. The Reguatios do ot defie 'take ito service'. EXCEPTIONS The Reguatios, ad hece the prohibitios o suppy ad takig ito service, do ot appy to: a vesse first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity before 1 Juy 1992 which coforms with the safety provisios, other tha the Reguatios, havig effect i the Uited Kigdom. a reevat assemby first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity before 1 Juy 1992 (or a reevat assemby first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity (*) o or after 1 Juy 1992 where the vesse icorporated i that assemby was first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity before 1 Juy 1992) where the vesse icorporated i that assemby coforms with the safety provisios, other tha the Reguatios, havig effect i the Uited Kigdom. (*) The EEA o or after 1 Jauary

10 These exceptios appied for a trasitioa period. They aow vesses ad reevat assembies to cotiue to be suppied or take ito service i the Uited Kigdom if the vesses (or the vesses icorporated i the assemby) coform with a the reevat Uited Kigdom safety egisatio other tha the Reguatios, such as the Heath ad Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 ad the Pressure Systems ad Trasportabe Gas Cotaiers Reguatios 1989 ad i Norther Iread, the Heath ad Safety at Work (Norther Iread) Order 1978 ad the Pressure Systems ad Trasportabe Gas Cotaiers Reguatios (Norther Iread (1991)). a vesse or a reevat assemby suppied i the Uited Kigdom if the suppier beieves (with reasoabe cause) that it wi ot be take ito service either i the Uited Kigdom or esewhere i the EEA. a vesse or reevat assemby which has previousy bee take ito service i the Europea Commuity or, sice 1 Jauary 1994, i the EEA. These are permaet exceptios. They aow o-compyig vesses, ad reevat assembies icorporatig o-compyig vesses, to be suppied i the Uited Kigdom if the suppier beieves (with reasoabe cause) that they wi be exported outside the EEA or, for exampe, they are secod-had vesses. a vesse first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity before 1 Juy 1992 where: the suppier beieves (with reasoabe cause) that the vesse wi ot be take ito service i the Uited Kigdom; ad the vesse coforms with the safety provisios havig effect i a Member State of the EEA other tha the Uited Kigdom i which the suppier beieves (with reasoabe cause) it wi be take ito service. a reevat assemby first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity before 1 Juy 1992 (or a reevat assemby first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity (*) o or after 1 Juy 1992 where the vesse icorporated i that assemby was first suppied or take ito service withi the Europea Commuity before 1 Juy 1992) where: the suppier beieves (with reasoabe cause) that the reevat assemby wi ot be take ito service i the Uited Kigdom, ad (*) The EEA o or after 1 Jauary

11 the vesse icorporated i that assemby coforms with safety provisios havig effect i a Member State other tha the Uited Kigdom i which the suppier beieves (with reasoabe cause) the reevat assemby wi be take ito service. These exceptios aso appied for a trasitioa period. They aow o-compyig vesses, ad reevat assembies icorporatig o-compyig vesses, to cotiue to be suppied i the Uited Kigdom if the suppier beieves (with reasoabe cause) that they wi be exported to a Member State other tha the Uited Kigdom ad that the vesses coform with the atioa safety provisios i force i that Member State. Noe of these exceptios appy where the vesse (whether or ot icorporated i a reevat assemby) bears the CE markig or ay other iscriptio which is ikey to be cofused with the CE markig CATEGORIES OF VESSELS The Reguatios make differet provisios for differet categories of vesses, depedig o their stored eergy, expressed i terms of the product of maximum workig pressure i bar ad its capacity i itres (PS.V). Category A cosists of vesses whose PS.V is more tha 50 bar.itres, ad is divided ito: Category A.1, cosistig of vesses whose PS.V is more tha 3,000 but ot more tha 10,000 bar.itres; Category A.2, cosistig of vesses whose PS.V is more tha 200 but ot more tha 3,000 bar.itres; ad Category A.3, cosistig of vesses whose PS.V is more tha 50 but ot more tha 200 bar.itres. Category B cosists of vesses whose PS.V is 50 bar.itres or ess. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS The safety reuiremets for a vesse i Category A are that: 1. It meets the essetia safety reuiremets; 2. It has safety cearace; 3. The CE markig ad the other specified iscriptios have bee affixed; 4. I the case of the suppy of a vesse or a reevat assemby, it must be accompaied by the maufacturer's istructios; 9

12 I the case of the takig ito service of a vesse or a reevat assemby, the maufacturer or importer must esure that, at the time of the takig ito service, the maufacturer's istructios are made avaiabe to a those cocered with the vesse's istaatio ad operatio. 5. It is i fact safe. The safety reuiremets for a vesse i Category B are that: it is maufactured i accordace with egieerig practice recogised as soud i a EEA State; it bears the specified iscriptios (but ot the CE markig); it is i fact safe. HOW TO COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CATEGORY 'A' VESSELS 1. The essetia safety reuiremets The essetia safety reuiremets are reproduced i Aex C. The provisios cover the desig, maufacturig processes ad materia reuiremets. However, if the vesses are made i coformity with a specified pubished Europea stadard, which has aso bee pubished as a ideticay worded atioa stadard ('reevat atioa stadard'), they wi be presumed to compy with the essetia reuiremets. The reevat atioa stadard. The Europea Committee for Stadardisatio (CEN) has deveoped a Europea stadard which has bee pubished i four parts as: BS EN Simpe ufired pressure vesses desiged to cotai air or itroge - Part 1: Desig, maufacture ad testig. BS EN Simpe ufired pressure vesses desiged to cotai air or itroge - Part 2: Pressure vesses desiged to cotai compressed air for air brakig ad auxiiary systems for motor vehices ad their traiers. BS EN Simpe ufired pressure vesses desiged to cotai air or itroge - Part 3: Stee pressure vesses desiged for airbrakig euipmet ad auxiiary peumatic euipmet for raiway roig stock. 10

13 BS EN Simpe ufired pressure vesses desiged to cotai air or itroge - Part 4: Aumiium aoy pressure vesses desiged for air-brakig euipmet ad auxiiary peumatic euipmet for raiway roig. British stadards are avaiabe from BSI Stadards saes ad euiries shoud be addressed to BSI Iformatio Cetre (see page 18). 2. Safety cearace A vesse i category A has safety cearace oce the approved body has issued a certificate of coformity uder the EC verificatio procedure, or a EC certificate of coformity as part of the EC certificate of coformity procedure. The steps ecessary to obtai safety cearace are show i diagrammatic form i Aex G. The first step is for the maufacturer, or his authorised represetative estabished i the EEA, to appy for ad obtai from a approved body, before series maufacture commeces, a EC certificate of adeuacy or a EC type examiatio certificate (see Aex D for detais). Where the vesses are to be maufactured so as to coform with a 'reevat atioa stadard', the appicat may choose for which certificate to appy; where that is ot the case, the appicatio must be for a type examiatio certificate. The secod step depeds o the category of vesse. I the case of vesses i Category A.1, after commecig series maufacture, the raufacturer, or his authorised represetative estabished i the EEA, must have the vesses checked by a approved body ad obtai a certificate of coformity as part of the EC verificatio procedure (see Aex E for detais). However, i the case of vesses i Category A.2 ad A.3 there is a choice: either the maufacturer, or his authorised represetative estabished i the EEA must compy with the EC verificatio procedure; or with the EC certificate of coformity procedure (see Aex F for detais). I this case the maufacturer (ot a authorised represetative) must, before series maufacture commeces, have the desig ad maufacturig schedue checked by the approved body which issued the certificate of adeuacy, or the type-examiatio certificate. The approved body wi issue a EC certificate of coformity as part of the procedure. 11

14 Approved bodies are desigated by the Member States, i the case of the Uited Kigdom by the Secretary of State for Trade ad Idustry. A ist of UK approved bodies is avaiabe from the DTI, Stadards Poicy Uit at the address o page 18. Appicatios for certificates of adeuacy ad type examiatio certificates may however be made to ay approved body, ot oy to a body desigated by the Secretary of State. The Europea Commissio pubishes EEA-wide ists of approved bodies (Officia Joura of the Europea Commuities No C203 of avaiabe from HMSO - see page 18.) 3. The CE markig ad other specified iscriptios The steps ecessary before the CE markig may be appied to vesses i Category A are aso show i diagrammatic form i Aex G. Whe a certificate of coformity has bee issued by the approved body as part of the EC verificatio procedure the maufacturer (or his authorised represetative) may appy the CE markig to the vesses which he decares to be i coformity with the type described i the EC type-examiatio certificate or with the desig ad maufacturig schedue. If the maufacturer has made a decaratio as part of the EC certificate of coformity procedure however the oy the maufacturer ca appy CE markig. The CE markig cosists of the symbo iustrated beow ad (where appicabe) the distiguishig umber assiged by the Europea Commissio to the approved body resposibe for checkig that the vesses coform or for EC surveiace (see beow). The CE markig is as iustrated i diagram 1, beow. It may ot be smaer tha 5mm i its vertica height, ad the proportios i diagram 2, beow must be maitaied whatever its size. The grid does ot form part of the markig ad is for iformatio oy. Diagram 1 Diagram 2 The other specified iscriptios to be appied to vesses i Category A ad B are: maximum workig pressure i bar; 12

15 maximum workig temperature i C; miimum workig temperature i C; capacity of the vesse i itres; ame or mark of the maufacturer; type ad seria or batch idetificatio of the vesse; the ast two digits of the year i which the CE markig was affixed. The CE markig ad the other specified iscriptios must be affixed i a visibe, easiy egibe ad ideibe form either to the vesse itsef or to a data pate attached to the vesse i such a way that it caot be removed. If a data pate is used, it must be so desiged that it caot be reused, ad must icude a vacat space to eabe other iformatio to be provided. Vesses compyig with the Reguatios may be subject to other Commuity Directives. I this case, the CE markig idicates that the vesse compies with a reevat Directives. Where oe or more of the reevat Directives are subject to trasitioa arragemets, it shoud be specified, i the accompayig documetatio, with which Directives the vesse compies. Vesses bearig CE markig ca be presumed to compy with the Simpe Pressure Vesses Directive uess there are reasoabe grouds for suspectig otherwise. Other markigs may be affixed to the vesses provided that the visibiity ad egibiity of the CE markig is ot thereby reduced. At the optio of the maufacturer or his authorised represetative estabished i the EEA, vesses first suppied before 1 Jauary 1997 may carry the CE markig as set out i the Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) Reguatios 1991 (i.e. icudig the ast two digits of the year of affixatio). The Reguatios make it a offece to affix to a vesse ay markigs which are ikey to deceive ay perso as regards the meaig ad form of CE markig. Ayoe suppyig or takig ito service a vesse that does ot bear CE markig must, o reuest, give a eforcemet authority ay iformatio he has, or which is avaiabe to him, about whe the vesse was first suppied or take ito service i the EEA ad why the vesse does ot bear that markig. 13

16 4. The maufacturer's istructios They are defied i the Reguatios as istructios: issued by or o behaf of the maufacturer; providig the foowig iformatio: the maufacturer's ame or mark; vesse type, batch idetificatio or other particuars idetifyig the vesse to which the istructios reate; particuars of maximum workig pressure i bar, maximum ad miimum workig temperatures i C ad capacity i itres; the iteded use of the vesse; maiteace ad istaatio reuiremets for vesse safety. i the officia aguage of the EEA State where the maufacturer beieves the vesse is to be take ito service. If the destiatio, or the EEA State i which the vesse is to be take ito service is ot kow, the istructios sha be i ay officia aguage of the EEA. 5. It is i fact safe The Reguatios defie 'safe' as meaig that, whe a vesse is propery istaed ad maitaied ad used for the purposes for which it is iteded, there is o risk (apart from oe reduced to a miimum) of its beig the cause or occasio of death or ijury to persos or domestic aimas, or damage to property. EC surveiace: a maufacturer of vesses i category A.2 who has eected to compy with the EC certificate of coformity procedure, becomes subject to EC surveiace by the approved body which issued the EC certificate of adeuacy or the EC desig ad examiatio certificate for the vesses. A Uited Kigdom maufacturer subject to EC surveiace must: authorise access at ay reasoabe time by or o behaf of the approved body to ay pace where vesses covered by the EC certificate of coformity (or reevat assembies icorporatig such vesses) are maufactured or are stored by him or o his behaf for the purpose of ispectig the maufacturig processes ad the vesses so covered; aow ispectors actig o the approved body's behaf to seect radom sampes of vesses covered by the certificate (or reevat assembies icorporatig such vesses) for ispectio; 14

17 if reuested by the ispectors, provide: copies of the reports regardig tests that the maufacturer udertook woud be made whe he appied for the EC certificate of coformity; ay iformatio formig part of the desig ad maufacturig schedue that has become avaiabe oy subseuet to that appicatio. compy with ay reasoabe reuest made by or o behaf of the approved body for additioa iformatio about maufacture or the safety of vesses covered by the certificate. The approved body: ascertais whether tests have actuay bee carried out i course of maufacture i accordace with the udertakigs give by the maufacturer whe appyig for the EC certificate of coformity; takes radom sampes of vesses for the purposes of ispectio. A Uited Kigdom approved body must from time to time compie writte reports o its EC surveiace of each maufacturer, ad, if reuested, suppy a copy to the Secretary of State, the Europea Commissio, ay other Member State ad ay other approved body. Retetio of documetatio: a Uited Kigdom maufacturer of vesses must retai for at east 10 years from the date o which the ast vesse i the series is maufactured: copies of a documets submitted by him, or his authorised represetative estabished i the EEA, to a approved body for the purpose of obtaiig ay EC certificate; ay certificate issued by a approved body to him, or his authorised represetative, ad ay documets accompayig such a certificate; ay EC decaratio of coformity he executes; ay iformatio formig part of the desig ad maufacturig schedue that becomes avaiabe oy subseuet to the appicatio for a EC certificate of coformity. ay reports made by uaified persoe as part of the EC certificate of coformity procedure reuiremets for hydrauic or peumatic pressure testig. A eforcemet authority may reuire the productio of this documetatio. 15

18 Eforcemet: i Great Britai the Heath ad Safety Executive, ad i Norther Iread the Departmet of Ecoomic Deveopmet, are resposibe for eforcig the Reguatios i reatio to vesses ad reevat assembies for use at work. I Great Britai tradig stadards authorities, ad i Norther Iread district coucis, are resposibe for eforcig the Reguatios i reatio to cosumer goods. The Secretary of State for Trade ad Idustry aso has a roe i reatio to cosumer goods. For this purpose those eforcemet authorities have avaiabe to them various powers avaiabe uder the Heath ad Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, the Heath ad Safety at Work (Norther Iread) Order 1978, ad the Cosumer Protectio Act Where a vesse bearig the CE markig is safe but there are breaches of other obigatios, the maufacturer or his authorised represetative estabished i the EEA wi be give the opportuity to correct the breach before further eforcemet actio is take. Peaties: the maximum peaty for cotraveig the prohibitio o suppy ad takig ito service is imprisomet for up to three moths, or a fie of up to 5,000, or both. The peaty for other cotravetios of the Reguatios is a fie of up to 5,000. It is for the Courts to decide the peaty i ay case takig ito accout the severity of the offece. Where ayoe is covicted of a offece ad it appears to the court that it is i his power to take remedia actio, the Reguatios empower the court to order him to take specified remedia actio. The Reguatios provide a defece of due diigece, ad for proceedigs to be take agaist a perso other tha the pricipa offeder or, broady, officers of a compay or other body corporate. Free circuatio: uder Europea Commuity rues ad the Simpe Pressure Vesses Directive (as ameded), which has bee adopted by a the EEA States, those states are reuired ot to impede the suppy or takig ito service of vesses that satisfy the reuiremets of that Directive, ad are reuired to presume that vesses bearig CE markig meet a the provisios of the Directive. Safeguard procedure: EEA States are reuired to take a appropriate measures to withdraw from the market ay vesses with CE markig which are cosidered to be usafe or to prohibit ad restrict their suppy. They must the immediatey iform the Europea Commissio what they have doe ad why. The Commissio wi cosut the parties cocered as soo as possibe, ad, if it fids the actio justified, immediatey so iform a EEA States. 16

19 Other egisatio: the Heath ad Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 ad the Pressure Systems ad Trasportabe Gas Cotaiers Reguatios 1989 i Norther Iread, the Heath ad Safety at work (Norther Iread) Order 1978 ad the Pressure Systems ad Trasportabe Gas Cotaiers Reguatios (Norther Iread) 1991, cotiue to appy to users ad owers of vesses for use at work. Provisio ad Use of Work Euipmet Reguatios 1992 (1) : these Reguatios, impemetig a compemetary Directive o the use of work euipmet etered ito force o 1 Jauary They pace geera duties o empoyers ad ist miimum reuiremets for work euipmet to dea with seected hazards. Correspodig egisatio i Norther Iread (the Provisio ad Use of Work Euipmet Reguatios (Norther Iread) 1993 (2) ) etered ito force o 22 February Copies of the Reguatios are avaiabe from HMSO. Euiries shoud be addressed to the HSE Pubic Euiry Poit o or, i Norther Iread, the Departmet of Ecoomic Deveopmet o Pressure Euipmet Directive (PED): this proposed directive wi cover pressure vesses, pipig, boiers ad safety accessories for a fuids uder a pressure greater tha 0.5 bar. Simpe Pressure Vesses, as covered by 87/404/EEC wi however be specificay excuded from the PED so the two directives wi ru i parae. The PED is expected to be adopted i 1996 ad to come ito force i Further iformatio o the PED ca be obtaied from the Departmet of Trade ad Idustry, Stadards ad Techica Reguatios Directorate* 5, Third Foor, 151 Buckigham Paace Road, Lodo SW1W 9SS. (1) SI 1992/2932. (2) SR 1993/19. * formery Stadards Poicy Uit 17

20 Further iformatio Avaiabiity of reevat atioa stadards: the British Stadards, ad other stadards that are reevat atioa stadards, ca be obtaied from BSI Stadards Saes at 389 Chiswick High Road, Chiswick, Lodo W4 4AT. Te: Fax: Avaiabiity of text of the Reguatios: the Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) Reguatios 1991 (SI 1991/2749) ad the Simpe Pressure Vesses (Safety) (Amedmet) Reguatios 1994 (SI 1994/3098) are avaiabe from HMSO ad its agets (see beow). Avaiabiity of text of Directives: the compete texts of the Simpe Pressure Vesses Directive (Directive 87/404/EEC), the amedig Directive (Directive 90/ 488/EEC) ad the CE Markig Directive (93/68/EEC) have bee pubished i the Officia Joura of The Europea Commuities (No L220 of , No L270 of ad No L220 of respectivey). Copies of these texts are avaiabe from HMSO ad its agets (see beow), Europea Iformatio Cetres ad Europea Documetatio Cetres ocated throughout the Uited Kigdom. To ocate your earest Cetre, cosut the DTI's sige market booket Cotacts, avaiabe through the DTI's Busiess i Europe Hotie o Copies of the Directives or the Reguatios are avaiabe from HMSO Pubicatios Cetre, PO Box 276, Lodo SW8 5DT. Te: Fax: BSI's Iformatio Cetre ca provide iformatio about the stadards which may be used to demostrate coformity with the essetia safety reuiremets. Euiries shoud be addressed to: BSI Iformatio Cetre, Mechaica Group, 389 Chiswick High Road, Chiswick, Lodo W4 4AL. (Te: Fax: ). Where compiat vesses are deied proper access to the market i other EEA coutries, cotact: The Sige Market Compiace Uit, Departmet of Trade ad Idustry, Bay 210, Kigsgate House, Victoria Street, Lodo SW1E 6SW. (Fax: ). Euiries reatig to poicy issues, particuary those which eed to be take up at the Europea eve shoud be addressed to: Departmet of Trade ad Idustry, Stadards ad Techica Reguatios Directorate*, Third Foor Red Zoe, 151 Buckigham Paace Road, Lodo SW1W 9SS. Further copies of this booket are avaiabe from the DTI's Busiess i Europe Hotie o * formery Stadards Poicy Uit 18

21 ANNEX A Defiitio of 'simpe pressure vesse'. Excusios from the appicatio of the Reguatios SIMPLE PRESSURE VESSELS "2 (1) I these Reguatios, 'vesse' meas a simpe pressure vesse beig a weded vesse iteded to cotai air or itroge at a gauge pressure greater tha 0.5 bar, ot iteded for exposure to fame, ad havig the foowig characteristics: (a) (b) the compoets ad assembies cotributig to the stregth of the vesse uder pressure are made either of o-aoy uaity stee, or of o-aoy aumiium, or of o-age hardeig aumiium aoy; the vesse cosists either: (i) (ii) of a cyidrica compoet with circuar cross-sectio, cosed at each ed, each ed beig either outwardy dished or fat ad beig aso co-axia with the cyidrica compoet; or of two co-axia outwardy dished eds; (c) the maximum workig pressure (PS) is ot more tha 30 bar, ad PS.V (beig the product of PS ad the vesse's capacity expressed i itres) is ot more tha 10,000 bar.itres; (d) the miimum workig temperature is ot ower tha mius 50 C, ad the maximum workig temperature is ot higher tha: 300 C i the case of stee vesses; ad 100 C i the case of aumiium or aumiium aoy vesses, ad i this paragraph: (i) (ii) (iii) 'maximum workig pressure' meas the maximum gauge pressure which may be exerted uder orma coditios of use; 'miimum workig temperature' meas the owest stabiised temperature i the wa of the vesse uder orma coditios of use; ad 'maximum workig temperature' meas the highest stabiised temperature i the wa of the vesse uder orma coditios of use." 19

22 EXCLUSIONS FROM THE APPLICATION OF THE REGULATIONS "3 (1)...these Reguatios appy, ad sha appy oy, to vesses maufactured i series. (2) These Reguatios do ot appy to: (a) (b) (c) vesses desiged specificay for ucear use, where vesse faiure might or woud resut i a emissio of radioactivity; vesses iteded specificay for istaatio i, or for use as part of the propusive system of, a ship or aircraft; or fire-extiguishers; ad i this paragraph, 'ship' has the meaig give by sectio 742 of the Merchat Shippig Act 1894." Series Maufacture "2 (1)... (4) There is series maufacture withi the meaig of these Reguatios if more tha oe vesse of the same type is maufactured durig a give period by the same cotiuous maufacturig processes, i accordace with a commo desig. (5)..." 20

23 ANNEX B Defiitio of 'suppy' "46 (1) Subject to the foowig provisios of this sectio, refereces i this Act to suppyig goods sha be costrued as refereces to doig ay of the foowig, whether as pricipa or aget, that is to say: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) seig, hirig out or edig the goods; eterig ito a hire-purchase agreemet to furish the goods; the performace of ay cotract for work ad materias to furish the goods; providig the goods i exchage for ay cosideratio (icudig tradig stamps) other tha moey; providig the goods i or i coectio with the performace of ay statutory fuctio; or givig the goods as a prize or otherwise makig a gift of the goods;... (2) For the purposes of ay referece i this Act to suppyig goods, where a perso ('the ostesibe suppier') suppies goods to aother perso ('the customer') uder a hire-purchase agreemet, coditioa sae agreemet or credit-sae agreemet or uder a agreemet for the hirig of goods (other tha a hire-purchase agreemet) ad the ostesibe suppier: (a) (b) carries o the busiess of fiacig the provisio of goods for others by meas of such agreemets; ad i the course of that busiess acuired his iterest i the goods suppied to the customer as a meas of fiacig the provisio of them for the customer by a further perso ('the effective suppier'), the effective suppier ad ot the ostesibe suppier sha be treated as suppyig the goods to the customer. (3)...the performace of ay cotract by the erectio of ay buidig or structure o ay ad or by the carryig out of ay other buidig works sha be treated for the purposes of this Act as a suppy of goods i so far as, but oy i so far as, it ivoves the provisio of ay goods to ay perso by meas of their icorporatio ito the buidig, structure or works. 21

24 (4)...refereces i this Act to suppyig goods sha ot icude refereces to suppyig goods comprised i ad where the suppy is effected by the creatio or disposa of a iterest i ad. (5)...refereces i this Act to a perso's suppyig goods sha be cofied to refereces to that perso's suppyig goods i the course of a busiess of his, but for the purposes of this subsectio it sha be immateria whether the busiess is a busiess of deaig i the goods. (6) For the purposes of subsectio (5) above goods sha ot be treated as suppied i the course of a busiess if they are suppied, i pursuace of a obigatio arisig uder or i coectio with the isurace of the goods, to the perso with whom they were isured. (7) Except for the purposes of, ad i reatio to,..suspesio otices, refereces..to suppyig goods sha ot icude: (a) (b) refereces to suppyig goods where the perso suppied carries o a busiess of buyig goods of the same descriptio as those goods ad repairig or recoditioig them: refereces to suppyig goods by a sae of artices as scrap (that is to say, for the vaue of materias icuded i the artices rather tha for the vaue of the artices themseves). (8) Where ay goods have at ay time bee suppied by beig hired out or et to ay perso, either a cotiuatio or reewa of the hire or oa (whether o the same or differet terms) or ay trasactio for the trasfer after that time of ay iterest i the goods to the perso to whom they were hired or et sha be treated for the purposes of this Act as a further suppy of the goods to that perso. (9) A ship, aircraft or motor vehice sha ot be treated for the purposes of this Act as suppied to ay perso by reaso oy that services cosistig i the carriage of goods or passegers i that ship, aircraft or vehice, or i its use for ay other purpose, are provided to that perso i pursuace of a agreemet reatig to the use of the ship, aircraft or vehice for a particuar period or for particuar voyages, fights or joureys." 22

25 ANNEX C Essetia safety reuiremets PART 1 - MATERIALS 1. Materias must be seected accordig to the iteded use of the vesses ad i accordace with the foowig provisios of this Part. Pressurised compoets 2. The o-aoy uaity stee, o-aoy aumiium or o-age hardeig aumiium aoy used to maufacture the pressurised compoets must: be capabe of beig weded; be ductie ad tough, so that a rupture at the miimum workig temperature does ot give rise to either fragmetatio or britte-type fracture; ad ot be adversey affected by ageig. For stee vesses, the materias must i additio meet the reuiremets set out i paragraph 3 beow ad, for aumiium or aumiium aoy vesses, those set out i paragraph 4 beow. They must be accompaied by a ispectio sip. Stee vesses 3. No-aoy uaity stees must meet the foowig reuiremets: (a) (b) (c) they must be o-effervescet ad be suppied after ormaisatio treatmet, or i a euivaet state; the cotet per product of carbo must be ess tha 0.25% ad that of suphur ad phosphorus must each be ess tha 0.05%; ad they must have the foowig mechaica properties per product: the maximum tesie stregth must be ess tha 580 Newtos per suare miimetre (N/mm 2 ); the eogatio after rupture must be: if the test piece is take parae to the directio of roig: thickess 3mm: A 22% thickess < 3mm: A 80mm 17% 23

26 if the test piece is take perpedicuar to the directio of roig: thickess 3mm: A 20% thickess < 3mm: A 80mm 15%; ad the average rupture eergy for three ogitudia test pieces at the miimum workig temperature must ot be ess tha 35 Joues per suare cetimetre (J/cm 2 ). Not more tha oe of the three figures may be ess tha 35 J/cm 2, with a miimum of 25 J/cm 2. I the case of stees used to maufacture vesses whose miimum workig temperature is ower tha mius 10 C ad whose wa thickess exceeds 5 miimetres, the average rupture eergy must be checked. Aumiium vesses 4. No-aoy aumiium must have a aumiium cotet of at east 99.5% ad o-age hardeig aumiium aoys must dispay adeuate resistace to itercrystaie corrosio at the maximum workig temperature. Moreover these materias must meet the foowig reuiremets: (a) (b) they must be suppied i a aeaed state; ad they must have the foowig mechaica properties per product: the maximum tesie stregth must be o more tha 350 N/mm 2 ; ad the eogatio after rupture must be: Wedig materias - A 16% if the test piece is take parae to the directio of roig; - A 14% if the test piece is take perpedicuar to the directio of roig. 5. The wedig materias used to make the weds o or of the vesse must be appropriate to ad compatibe with the materias to be weded. Accessories cotributig to the stregth of the vesse 6. These accessories (bots, uts etc) must be made either of a materia specified i paragraphs 2 to 4 above or of aother kid of stee, aumiium or aumiium aoy which: is appropriate to ad compatibe with the materias used to maufacture the pressurised compoets; ad 24

27 - at the miimum workig temperature has a appropriate eogatio after rupture ad toughess. No-pressurised compoets 7. A weded o-pressurised compoets must be of a materia which is compatibe with that of the parts to which they are weded. PART 2 - VESSEL DESIGN 8. The maufacturer must, whe desigig the vesse, defie the use to which it wi be put, ad seect: the miimum workig temperature; the maximum workig temperature; ad the maximum workig pressure. However, shoud a miimum workig temperature higher tha mius 10 C be seected, the properties reuired of the materias must be satisfied at mius 10 C. The maufacturer must aso take accout of the foowig reuiremets: it must be possibe to ispect the iside of the vesses; it must be possibe to drai the vesses; the mechaica uaities must be maitaied throughout the period of use of the vesse for its iteded purpose; the vesses must, bearig i mid their evisaged use, be adeuatey protected agaist corrosio, ad of the fact that uder the coditios of use evisaged: the vesses wi ot be subjected to stresses ikey to impair their safety i use; ad the itera pressure wi ot permaety exceed the maximum workig pressure; however, it may mometariy do so by up to 10%. Circuar ad ogitudia seams must be made usig fu peetratio weds or weds of euivaet effectiveess. Dished eds other tha hemispherica oes must have a cyidrica edge. 25

28 Wa thickess 9. I the case of vesses i Category A.2 or A.3 whose maximum workig temperature does ot exceed 100 C, the maufacturer must seect either the cacuatio method or the experimeta method, as defied beow, for determiig vesse wa thickess. I the case of vesses i Category A.1 or vesses i Category A.2 or A.3 whose maximum workig temperature exceeds 100 C, the cacuatio method must be used. However, the actua wa thickess of the cyidrica compoet ad eds must i ay case be ot ess tha 2 miimetres i the case of stee vesses, ad ot ess tha 3 miimetres i the case of aumiium or aumiium aoy vesses. Cacuatio method: The miimum thickess of the pressurised compoets must be cacuated havig regard to the itesity of the stresses ad to the foowig reuiremets: the cacuatio pressure to be take ito accout must ot be ess tha the maximum workig pressure; ad the permissibe geera membrae stress must ot exceed 0.6 times the yied stregth at the maximum workig temperature (RET) or 0.3 times the tesie stregth (Rm) whichever vaue is the ower. The maufacturer must use the miimum vaues of RET ad Rm guarateed by the producer of the materias i order to determie the permissibe stress. However, where the cyidrica compoet of the vesse has oe or more ogitudia weds made usig a o-automatic wedig techiue, the thickess cacuated as above must be mutipied by the coefficiet Experimeta method: Wa thickess must be so determied as to eabe the vesses to resist at ambiet temperature a pressure eua to at east 5 times the maximum workig pressure, with a maximum permaet circumferetia deformatio factor of 1%. 26

29 PART 3 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES 10. Vesses must be costructed ad checked i accordace with the desig ad maufacturig schedue referred to i Aex D. Preparatio of the compoet parts 11. The preparatio of the compoet parts (e.g. formig ad chamferig) must ot give rise to surface defects, cracks or chages i the mechaica properties of those parts ikey to be detrimeta to the safety of the vesses. Weds o pressurised compoets 12. The characteristics of weds ad adjacet zoes must be simiar to those of the weded materias ad must be free of ay surface or itera defects detrimeta to the safety of the vesses. Weds must be made by appropriatey uaified weders or operators i accordace with approved wedig techiues. 'Quaified' meas uaified by meas of tests carried out by a approved body; ad 'approved' meas approved by such a body. The maufacturer must aso, durig maufacture, esure cosistet wed uaity by coductig appropriate tests usig adeuate procedures. These tests must be the subject of a writte report. PART 4 DEFINITIONS AND SYMBOLS Defiitios 13. I this Aex: (a) (b) (c) 'miimum workig temperature' meas the owest stabiised temperature i the wa of the vesse uder orma coditios of use; 'ispectio sip' meas the documet by which the producer of the materias certifies that the materias deivered to the maufacturer meet the reuiremets set by the maufacturer, ad i which the producer sets out the resuts of the routie ispectio tests carried out durig the productio of those materias (or of materias produced by the same process but ot beig the materias deivered to the maufacturer) i particuar as to their chemica compositio ad mechaica properties; 'maximum workig temperature' meas the highest stabiised temperature i the wa of the vesse uder orma coditios of use: 27

30 (d) (e) 'maximum workig pressure' meas the maximum gauge pressure which may be exerted uder orma coditios of use; ad 'yied stregth at the maximum workig temperature' meas: the upper yied poit for a materia with both a ower ad a upperyied poit; or the proof stress at 0.2%; or the proof stress at 1.0% i the case of o-aoy aumiium. Symbos 14. I this Aex: (a) (b) 'A' meas the percetage eogatio after rupture (L o = 5.65 S o ) where L o is the gauge egth expressed i miimetres ad S o is the crosssectioa area of the test sectio expressed i suare miimetres: ad 'A 80mm ' meas the percetage eogatio after rupture (L o = 80mm). 28

31 ANNEX D EC Certificate of Adeuacy, EC Typeexamiatio Certificate, Desig ad maufacturig schedue 1. A appicatios must be i writig. 2. A appicatios, ad ay accompayig documets, must be i the officia aguage of the EEA State i which that body is estabished (i the Uited Kigdom, Egish) or i aother aguage acceptabe to it. 3. Approved bodies desigated by the Secretary of State for Trade ad Idustry (Uited Kigdom approved bodies) may charge a fee ad may reuire that fee, or a reasoabe estimate of it, to be paid with the appicatio. EC CERTIFICATE OF ADEQUACY 4. The appicatio must be accompaied by the desig ad maufacturig schedue (see paragraph beow). 5. A Uited Kigdom approved body must, if satisfied that the schedue cotais a the reuired iformatio ad that vesses maufactured i accordace with the schedue woud coform with a reevat atioa stadard, issue a certificate of adeuacy. EC TYPE-EXAMINATION CERTIFICATE 6. EC type-examiatio is the procedure by which a approved body ascertais that a prototype represetative of the productio evisaged satisfies the reuiremets of the Simpe Pressure Vesses Directive as ameded. 7. The appicatio must: specify the ame ad address of the appicat; specify the proposed pace of maufacture of the vesses to which it reates; be accompaied by the prototype (which may be represetative of a 'famiy' of vesses). be accompaied by the desig ad maufacturig schedue. 29

32 8. A Uited Kigdom approved body must: satisfy itsef that the schedue cotais a the reuired iformatio; examie, ad perform appropriate tests o, the prototype; if satisfied that the prototype is maufactured i coformity with the schedue, meets the essetia safety reuiremets ad is safe, issue a type-examiatio certificate recordig its cocusios. 9. The type-examiatio certificate may be issued subject to coditios, ad is to be accompaied by the descriptios ad drawigs ecessary to idetify the prototype. 10. The Uited Kigdom approved body is to suppy to the Secretary of State, the Europea Commissio, ay other EEA State or ay other approved body o reuest a copy of the type-examiatio certificate ad, o reasoed reuest, a copy of the desig ad maufacturig schedue ad of its reports o examiatios ad tests carried out. 11. Where a Uited Kigdom approved body withdraws a type-examiatio certificate, it sha so iform the Secretary of State, givig its reasos, with a view to this iformatio beig passed by him to the Commissio ad the other Member States. DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING SCHEDULE 12. The desig ad maufacturig schedue must cotai a descriptio of the techiues ad operatios empoyed i order to meet a reevat atioa stadard or the essetia safety reuiremets specified i Aex C. 13. I particuar it must comprise: (a) (b) (c) a detaied maufacturig drawig of the vesse type; the maufacturer's istructios; a documet describig: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) the materias seected; the wedig techiues seected; the checks seected; ay pertiet detais as to the vesse desig. 30

33 14. I the case of a schedue reatig to two or more vesses of the same famiy, variatios i egth of the cyidrica compoet resutig i modificatios of apertures or peetratios must be show i the drawig for each variat. 15. I the case of a schedue provided pursuat to a appicatio for a certificate uder the EC verificatio procedure or the EC certificate of coformity procedure, it must aso comprise: (a) (b) (c) evidece of approva by a approved body of the wedig techiues empoyed ad of the weders' ad operators uaificatios; the ispectio sip, as defied i paragraph 13(b) of Aex C, for the materias used i the maufacture of compoets ad assembies cotributig to the stregth of the vesse; a report o the examiatios ad tests performed, or a descriptio of the proposed checks. 31

34 ANNEX E EC Verificatio Procedure 1. The maufacturer must take a the ecessary measures for the maufacturig process to esure that the vesses coform to the type described i the EC type-examiatio certificate or to the desig ad maufacturig schedue for which a approved body has issued a EC certificate of adeuacy. 2. The maufacturer sha make his vesses avaiabe to a approved body i the form of uiform batches, accompaied by the EC type-examiatio certificate or the desig ad maufacturig schedue ad i the atter case the approved body sha, prior to EC verificatio, examie the schedue i order to certify its coformity. 3. Whe a batch is examied a Uited Kigdom approved body must: esure that the vesses have bee maufactured ad checked i accordace with the desig ad maufacturig schedue; carry out a specified hydrostatic or peumatic test o each vesse i the batch ad specified tests of wed uaity; for vesses desiged i accordace with the experimeta method described i Aex C, paragraph 9, these tests o test-pieces sha be repaced by a hydrostatic test o five vesses take at radom from each batch i order to check that they coform to the reuiremets of the said paragraph 9. Certificate of Coformity issued uder the verificatio procedure 4. I the case of accepted batches the approved body sha affix, or cause to be affixed, its idetificatio umber to each vesse ad draw up a certificate of coformity reatig to the tests carried out. Provided that the maufacturer may, uder the resposibiity of the approved body, affix the atter's idetificatio umber durig the maufacturig process. 5. I the case of accepted batches a vesses i the batch may be paced o the market except for those which have ot successfuy udergoe a hydrostatic test or a peumatic test. Decaratio of coformity 6. The maufacturer or his authorised represetative estabished withi the Commuity esures ad decares that the vesses which have bee checked by the approved body are i coformity to the type described i the EC typeexamiatio certificate or with the desig ad maufacturig schedue ad sha affix the CE Markig to each vesse ad draw up a decaratio of coformity. 32

35 Rejectio of a batch 7. If a batch is rejected by a approved body it sha take appropriate measures to prevet the puttig o the market of that batch, ad i the evet of freuet rejectio of batches, the approved body may susped the statistica verificatio. 33

36 ANNEX F EC Certificate of Coformity Procedure 1. I cases where the maufacturer of vesses i Category A.2 or A.3 eects ot to appy for a certificate of coformity uder the EC verificatio procedure, he may istead appy to foow the EC certificate of coformity procedure. Appicatio for a EC certificate of coformity uder this procedure must, before commecemet of series maufacture, be made to the approved body which issued the reevat EC certificate of adeuacy or EC type-examiatio certificate. The appicatio must be accompaied by the desig ad maufacturig schedue ad a documet which: describes the processes by which the vesses are to be maufactured; describes a the measures which are to be take to esure that the vesses whe maufactured coform with a reevat atioa stadard or with the reevat prototype; specifies the address of ay pace where the vesses (or reevat assembies icorporatig the vesses) are to be maufactured or stored by or o behaf of the maufacturer of the vesses, ad the proposed date of commecemet of maufacture; specifies the tests to be carried out i the course of maufacture, ad the procedures by which ad the freuecy with which they are to be performed; icudes udertakigs that: those tests wi be carried out as specified; a specified hydrostatic or peumatic test wi be carried out o each vesse; a the tests wi be carried out by or uder the resposibiity of appropriatey uaified persoe (who must be sufficiety idepedet from productio persoe) ad wi be subject to writte reports by those persoe. EC Certificate of Coformity 2. The Uited Kigdom approved body sha, if satisfied: that the documet ad schedue cotai a the reuired iformatio; ad that vesses maufactured i accordace with the documet ad schedue wi coform with the reevat atioa stadard or, if ot, the with the essetia safety reuiremets specified i Aex A; issue a EC certificate of coformity accordigy, coverig the vesses proposed to be maufactured 34