4-6 October 2016 The NEC, Birmingham, UK. cleanenergylive.co.uk

Transcription

1 4-6 October 2016 The NEC, Birmingham, UK cleanenergylive.co.uk #celive

2 cleanenergylive.co.uk #celive

3 Event EVs in Fleets 6 th October 2016 Robert Evans, CEO, Cenex Cenex Centre of excellence for low carbon and fuel cell technologies

4 Contents Introduction to Cenex EVs in Fleets what difference are they making? How are organisations dealing with range? Improvements in EV Infrastructure? Solar, EVs, Storage virtuous circle? Conclusions Page 4

5 Cenex Overview Not-for-profit independent research and consultancy organisation established in Specialists in low emission vehicles, associated infrastructure, energy systems and community/supply chain development. Conducting research and developing business support tools for fleet and V2G applications Help clients to assess, validate and apply low emissions automotive strategies and technologies. Visit Cenex at Stand H40 Page 5

6 What do we mean by Fleets? Public sector\service vehicles Delivery\distribution Public transport (city buses) Fleet vehicles are groups of motor vehicles owned or leased by a business, government agency or other organization rather than by an individual or family Private hire Taxis, car clubs, private hire cars Company car fleets Grey fleet* Page 6

7 Fleet Vehicles are diverse in nature In the 2000s have seen a transition among fleets from an interest in alternative fuels to diesel dominance Many UK fleets operate a diesel-only policy Electric vehicles in light duty and gas in heavy duty are considered the only viable alternatives Homage to Tomica Source: m.aliexpress.com Page 7

8 What do we mean by Electric Vehicles? HEV BEV PHEV REEV FCEV Page 8

9 EVs in Fleets What difference are they making? Low Carbon Sustainability (climate change, economic competitiveness) Energy (security, diversity) Air Pollution Impact Health Environment Economy Economically Helping businesses win new business Helping reduce operating costs and Total Cost of Ownership Page 9

10 West Midlands Police Service Cenex ran a consultancy project with West Midlands Police (WMP) to test the possibility of using the Nissan LEAF as diary cars in their fleet operations After a successful trial with Cenex, in June 2013 the force ordered 30 LEAFs to be split evenly across all 10 local policing units (LPUs) as diary cars to attend pre-arranged meetings with victims of crimes who have contacted the police The cars typically travel 40 to 45 miles a day, but this varies depending on the LPU. They are currently exploring other opportunities for further LCVs in their fleet operations. Results after 8 months Total EV miles: 256,200 Total fuel cost saving: 24,472 Reduced tailpipe emissions: 68 tonnes CO 2 Page 10

11 EV in Fleets: Wego Nottingham Couriers Driving duty statistics Average speed (km/h) 26.4 Average acceleration (m/s2) 0.50 Average running speed (km/h) 32.9 Average deceleration (m/s2) Maximum speed (km/h) 92.6 Average positive gradient (%) 6.1 Number of stops/microtrips 183 Average negative gradient (%) h Distance travelled (km) Driving time 35m No. of Parking Events 27 Time Parked 5h 08m Avg. Park Duration 0h 11m % Charge Gained (Parked + Driving) 97% Driving duty break-down Motorwa y 9% Road 33% Urban 58% Deceleratio n 23% Driving time summary Creep 0% Cruise 34% Idle 20% Acceleratio n 23% 11 Page 11

12 Electric Vehicle Analysis Example - The C610 Crossrail project fleet and equipment has been assessed and divided into relevant technology groups. Low carbon alternative options have been identified and evaluated for each of these groups according to several factors such as availability, cost, emissions, infrastructure. Day Type 1: Paddington route x2 = 80 miles Diesel van list price: Electric van price incl. Plug-in Car Grant: Daily mileage: 80 miles, charge top-up needed at some point through the day. Typical mileages for Nissan e-nv200 ca. 70 miles on average across the year. Days used per year: 250 days Annual mileage: miles Technology Savings over 4 years ( ) WTW CO2 savings (tonnes) Electric Electric battery lease Page 12

13 EV in Fleets: Range Extenders offer geo-fencing opportunity Delivery routes increasingly involve low emission zones Drop off B LOW EMISSION ZONE Drop off C Smart range extender technologies charge battery in areas of low emissions sensitivity and use pure battery power wherever sensitivity is high Drop off D Drop off A GRADIENT Depot Source: J Murlis (2016) Depot DAILY ROUTE PLAN A B C D BENEFITS: Zero emission transport where it matters More emission free miles for same battery size Lower emissions than diesel even when range extender running Page 13

14 Range becoming less of an issue Nissan Leaf 24kWh Battery Pack Renault Zoe 41 kwh Battery Pack The official NEDC range for 24kWh battery is up to 124 miles (84 miles on EPA) The 2016 Leaf with the 30 kwh battery is 155 miles (107 miles) 60 kwh battery under development Z.E. 40 s 41 kwh battery pack delivers 400-kilometer (nearly 250-mile) range on the NEDC (300 km, 187 miles on EPA) Page 14

15 EV Charging: Progress to higher speeds (Hardware) Slow or standard charging is typically: 0-100% in hours Amps AC single phase UK household or caravan hook-up style plug and socket (BS1363) or Blue Commando (EN60309) Fast charging is typically: 0-100% in 4-6 hours Amps AC single phase Type 2 plug and socket Semi-rapid charging is typically: 0-100% in 1-2 hours 32 Amps AC three phase Type 2 plug and socket Rapid charging is typically: 0-80% in minutes 63 Amps AC three phase or 100 Amps DC Type 2 (AC), JEVS/G105 (DC) or CCS Combo 2 (DC) Page 15

16 Improvements in EV Infrastructure (Software) Information for hosts Membership Models Instant Access Sources: Schneider Electric, Chargemaster, Rolec Page 16

17 Solar Power, EVs and Storage a virtuous circle? Domestic Solar Localised Energy Systems Solar Parking Source: solarchargeddriving.com/2016/04/12/quebec-gets-new-solar-evcharging-station/ Solar Farms Sources: Cleantechnica, Pluginsights Source: c1cleantechnicacom-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/files/2016/08/solar-electricvehicles.jpg Source: Page 17

18 Electrification of City Transport in Amsterdam Trams Traffic emission free by 2025 Solar PV to 80,000 buildings by 2020 From 1000 to 4000 Charge Points by 2018 Car Clubs Taxis Private Motorists City Buses Delivery Vans Canal Boats Utility Vehicles Page 18

19 Charging Patterns in Amsterdam Network user diversity examples drawn from; >380,000 charging sessions >10,000 card holders Sources issuu.com/amsterdamsmartcity/docs/smart_stories CSF: Potential for demand management via smart charging aided by diversity Source: Helmus J, van den Hoed R, (2015), EVS28 Page 19

20 Smart Grid Vehicle-to-Grid (V2X) Energy & Mobility, Amsterdam An Amsterdam Smart City V2X Local energy grid becomes better balanced by the local loading and unloading of EVs. Features New Open Mobility Services Platform, open protocols, decision engines Innovative new hardware and operating software for bi-directional fast loading for V2X Business model Investigation Pool2G Carsharing2G AllEVs2G + others Technology Demonstration V2H (2014) Nieuw-West Living Lab V2B (2015) Lochem V2C (2016) Amersterdam Source: Page 20

21 Cenex - V2X Projects For more information visit; Cenex at Stand H40 Page 21

22 Conclusions EVs in Fleets what difference are they making? Helping businesses win business and deliver it with energy cost savings Helping cut vehicle emissions How are organisations dealing with range? Not adopting EVs EVs in selected operations; tactical charging Next generation EVs have longer range Improvements in EV Infrastructure? More reliable, sustainable (economically) and better information provision for fleets Solar, EVs, Storage virtuous circle? Yes, but only if system approach to demand side management, storage and localised energy systems. V2G can help. Page 22

23 Thank you for listening Robert Evans CEO 9