A data-based report of usage and predicted trends of EV infrastructure. Dr Colin Herron, Managing Director, Zero Carbon Futures

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1 A data-based report of usage and predicted trends of EV infrastructure Dr Colin Herron, Managing Director, Zero Carbon Futures

2 Being a part of the low carbon vehicle revolution. Background Set up in 2011 as a not-for-profit following demise of UK Regional Development Agencies. A low carbon vehicle technology company with a vision to embrace the opportunities offered by the new developments surrounding low carbon transport and smart home technology. Our experience began with EV infrastructure setting up one of the first regional UK networks. Set up the UK s first network operator back office Charge Your Car which has now developed as a commercial venture to extend the network to other parts of the UK. Zero Carbon Futures is a part owner of that business. The company is also extending its expertise across new propulsion techniques, battery technology and smart homes.

3 The background The development of an EV charging infrastructure in North East England.

4 Plugged in Places Office for Low Emission Vehicles N.E was one of Eight trial regions N.Ireland Scotland Midlands East of England Milton Keynes London Manchester

5 Being a part of the low carbon vehicle revolution Why in North East England? Carbon hot spots Population density Population = 2.5 million Ideal for EV

6 Being a part of the low carbon vehicle revolution. The ownership model Project launched in 2010 and ran until All charge posts were part-funded by the project. Organisations made a contribution and ownership was passed over to them. By June 2013, in North East England, there were: 740 public charge points 12 rapid charge points were installed through the project 411 domestic charge points 95 partners who now owned the public posts (all with their own objectives for their posts).

7 Being a part of the low carbon vehicle revolution. Usage data April 2010 December 2013: Total charge point transactions = 43,341 Total Energy Delivered = 308,985 kwh In the last six months, since June 2013, there has been a significant increase: 64% increase in total transactions 73% increase in energy delivered Copyright Zero Carbon Futures

8 Copyright Zero Carbon Futures Growth in Transactions delivered per CP to end 2013

9 North East Estate NE PIP CYC Estate Final composition by CP Location Type Copyright Zero Carbon Futures

10 Usage data CYC Estate Usage characteristics Transactions by day of the week Standard Charging stats >90% of charging 06:00 19:00 >90% of users on post for <4hrs Only 10% of charging at weekends Average energy del d per trans = 6 kwh Copyright Zero Carbon Futures Quick Charging stats: > 90% of usage between 09:00 21:00 No drop in usage at weekends Average energy del d per trans = 8 kwh

11 Real world trial 200 people 40 cars 3 years 600,000 km Office for Low Emission Vehicles

12 Base data Switch EV findings Average journey length: Longest journey: Average journey duration: Total journey distance: 8.9 km 132 km 14:30 min 591,000 km Total number of journeys: 65,000 Total number of charges: 17,000 Total energy transferred: 105 MWh Total CO 2 Saved: 65,000 kg CO 2 Data from Dec 2010 to Jan 2013 Office for Low Emission Vehicles

13 Availability of charging infrastructure For over 90% of the time driving in the North East, the EV is within 5km of a charging point. The EV is within 15 km of a charge point for more than 99% of the time spent driving. Office for Low Emission Vehicles

14 Challenges

15 Being a part of the low carbon vehicle revolution. Making the network pay Network operation needs to be sustained and this comes at a cost. Drivers want to continue to use the posts for free. But expect customer service, maintenance of posts and technology development. Owners still wish to offer use of the posts for free. Still not enough vehicles on the road to develop a sustainable business model for network operators or post owners. What will PAYG do to usage figures?

16 Plug-In Grants Progress So Far

17 Reference point 8 Years to reach 500,000

18 Market (passenger cars) Vehicle mix In 2011 about 11,000 EVs sold in Europe (0.1% market penetration) In 2012 about 20,000 units (0.2% market penetration) Estimate for 2013 over 40,000 units sold in Europe Renault Kangoo Z.E. / Kangoo Maxi Z.E Renault Twizy Renault ZOE Nissan env200 Mitsubishi emiev Peugeot ion Citroen C Zero Renault Fluence Z.E. Smart ED BMW i3 Preview BMW i8 Preview VW e-up VW Golf Blue e-motion

19 Vehicle to Quick Charger CHAdeMO AC Combo2 Nissan LEAF Mitsubishi emiev Peugeot ion Citroen C Zero Renault ZOE BMW i3 Preview BMW i8 Preview Smart ED Nissan env200 VW e-up VW Golf Blue e-motion

20 Quick Charge options CHAdeMO (50kW) AC (43 kw) DC Chademo AC/ DC Type 2 Chademo AC/ DC Type 2 Chademo/ Combo2 Combo2 (50kW) Multi-standard charger Type2/ Chademo/ Combo2 is supported by the 7 OEMs with EVs in the market by 2013.

21 TEN-T What s Next? National Rapid Charging corridors

22 Being a part of the low carbon vehicle revolution.

23 TEN-T Rapid Charge Network project Recently launched: Rapid Charge Network project is the development of an electric vehicle multi-standard rapid charge point network. 74 rapid charge points will be created along 2 priority road axes through the UK and Ireland, covering over 1,100 km of major road network routes with links to major seaports and international airports. It will meet the needs of EV drivers by providing a large scale, open, interoperable and easily-accessible network of multi-standard rapid charging stations along key motoring routes, linking the UK and Ireland. The Rapid Charge Network project is co-financed by the European Union s TEN-T programme.

24 TEN-T Rapid Charge Network project EV first bringing together a consortium of four major manufacturers: Nissan, leading the project, Renault, BMW and VW as well as network experts ESB. UK and Ireland first creating one of the first national connected networks of rapid charge stations for ALL standardised 100% electric vehicles. European first developing the first European study of multi-standard, rapid charge points which will monitor usage, document learnings and a business model and strategy for the future which will be disseminated across Europe.

25 Being a part of the low carbon vehicle revolution What s Next? New Technologies

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