Analysis of Overloading Prevention System in Trucks

Transcription

1 e t International Journal on Emerging Technologie (Special Iue on NCRIET-2015) 6(2): (2015) ISSN No (Print) : ISSN No (Online) : Analyi of Overloading Prevention Sytem in Truck Raj Reddy At Prof Department of Mechanical Engineering, BKIT Bhalki, Karnataka, INDIA (Correponding author: Raj Reddy) (Publihed by Reearch Trend, Webite: wwwreearchtrendnet) ABSTRACT: Truck exceeding the legal ma limit increae the rik of traffic accident and damage to the infratructure They alo reult in unfair competition between tranport mode and companie It i therefore important to enure truck compliance to weight regulation New technologie are being developed for more efficient overload creening and enforcement Weigh-in-Motion i the new technologie which allow truck to be weighed in the traffic flow, without any diruption to operation Much progre ha been made recently to improve and implement intelligent overloading detection ytem which can contribute to afer and more efficient operation of truck Keyword: Weight, Tranitor, electric motor Relay, enor, reitor etc I INTRODUCTION Thi project i prepared purely for the purpoe of prevention of damage of road and prevent unauthorized, unlicened driving Road now-a-day play a very important role in every part of world We have many more advantage with thee road like it direct the way for communicating other place, time i conumed for reaching from one place to another place etc[1] Road and treet are the mot important tranport communication medium in the country and are ued by almot everyone on a daily bai Beide the fact that road are provided for the benefit of the road uer, they alo play a ignificant role in promoting economic growth and the living tandard of the population By mean of road, people have acce to market, place of work, clinic and hopital, educational intitution, place for port and leiure activitie and vacation [2] It ha been found that legally loaded heavy vehicle caue a relatively mall amount of damage to road pavement tructure, a oppoed to overloaded heavy vehicle which are reponible for approximately 60% of the damage to the road network [3]The fine currently impoed by the court on thoe convicted of heavy vehicle overloading are in mot cae negligible in comparion with the damage caued to the road and are quite clearly in effective in dicouraging overloading Furthermore, overloaded vehicle become a traffic hazard, epecially regarding the heavy vehicle braking ytem and additional braking ditance involved Thi ituation i aggravated by teep down hill lope and harp curve On teep uphill gradient where no climbing lane i provided, the low moving heavy vehicle caue traffic diruption [4] Traffic accident caued directly or indirectly by overloaded heavy vehicle are normally not included when the total cot to the country, caued by overloading, i calculated A Overloading and Road Safety Overloading and road afety ha been recognized to be both a afety concern a well a a cot concern, and the National department of tranport ha incorporated a campaign againt overloading in it Road to Safety trategy Economic growth demand an adequate tranport infratructure Overloaded vehicle, epecially freight vehicle, are detroying our road, impacting negatively on economic growth the damage caued grow exponentially a the load increae Damage to road a a reult of overloading lead to higher maintenance and repair cot and horten the life of a road which in turn place an additional burden on the tate a well a law abiding road uer who ultimately carry the cot of carele and inconiderate overloading If the problem of overloading i not controlled, thi cot ha to be carried by the road uer, which will require ignificant increae in road uer charge uch a the fuel levy, vehicle licene fee, and overloading fee to mention jut a few [5] Overloading i a afety hazard that lead to unneceary lo of life, and alo the rapid deterioration of our road, reulting in increaed maintenance and tranportation cot

2 B Overloading A Vehicle Will Poe The Following Rik -The vehicle will be le table, difficult to teer and take longer to top Vehicle react differently when the maximum weight which they are deigned to carry are exceeded -Overloaded vehicle can caue the tyre to overheat and wear rapidly which increae the chance of premature, dangerou and expenive failure or blow-out -The driver control and operating pace in the overloaded vehicle i diminihed, ecalating the chance for an accident -The overloaded vehicle cannot accelerate a normal making it difficult to overtake -At night, the headlight of an overloaded vehicle will tilt up, blinding oncoming driver to poible debri or obtruction on the roadway -Brake have to work harder due to the riding of brake and becaue the vehicle i heavier due to overloading Brake overheat and loe their effectivene to top the car -With overloading, eat belt are often not ued a the aim i to pack in a many peron a poible into the vehicle -The whole upenion ytem come under tre and, over time, the weaket point can give way -By overloading your vehicle you will incur higher maintenance cot to the vehicle tyre, brake, hock aborber and higher fuel conumption -Inurance cover on overloaded vehicle may be void a overloading i illegal Overloading i an International problem and companie like Central Weighing provide an invaluable ervice to many countrie introducing thi new technology and offering extenive technical upport to enure it effective ue whether for proecution or defene[6] A ignificant goal of Artificial Intelligence reearch i to reduce human lo of life and injury In principle, intelligent ytem can warn human and protect them from potentially dangerou ituation Evolutionary algorithm have the potential to identify danger where it might otherwie not be apparent by learning about dangerou ituation through experience In thi paper, artificial neural network are evolved to warn driver in principle; learning may eventually help ave live Objective of the Project The main aim of thi project i to make the ytem on the vehicle by which it will top the overloading on vehicle automatically o that overloaded vehicle damaging the road i reduced or avoided, and accident avoided Salient Feature -Four wheel vehicle with drive mechanim being powered by DC motor without teering mechanim Reddy 225 -Overloading on the trolley of the vehicle will trigger the micro-witch to indicate the overloading on the dah board and alo trigger the buzzer o that he driver can control the overloading during loading itelf -The enforcing authority vehicle or the check pot or the police tation i having the radio frequency tranmitter which i received by the overloaded vehicle when it pae near by the enforcing authority which trigger the control circuit to put on the iren within the vehicle II WORKING PRINCIPLE In thi we are making a four wheel vehicle being moved by the DC motor drive through chain procket with trolley and cabin, load carrying trolley which i having coil pring cuhioning and the cuhioning i for the particular load and if overloaded, will activate the micro-witch to trigger the control circuit to indicate the mall light on the dah board and ound a buzzer o that the driver come to know the overloading, o that the overloading i controlled If the driver tend to move the vehicle with overload, the buzzer ound continuouly which i heard by the driver only When the vehicle i moving on road and when it come acro the police tation or outpot, it i ened by the vehicle through radio remote frequency receiver circuit within the vehicle (radio remote frequency are continuouly tranmitted by the check pot or police tation or police vehicle of the ame frequencie) which i received and the control circuit will trigger the iren on, drawing the attention of the police enforcer or authoritie to top the vehicle and penalize and force to unload the extra load The vehicle i moved by DC motor to how the demontration A Main Part of Vehicle Component Specification No Price 1Chai Mild teel R frame 2Front axle C30 teel 2No 800R 3Rear axle C30 teel 1 800R 4 15mm Mild teel R diameter ball No bearing houe 5 15mm diameter Ballbearing Mild teel 4 No 600R 6 Wheel Mild teel 4 500R holding plate No 7 Wheel Platic 4 No 500R 8 Motor Mild teel 1 9 Drive motor 1 600R 12V,DC,3amp, 32rmp 10 Sprocket C30 teel 2 200R

3 Component 11Sprocket buh for motor 12 Sprocket buh for axle 13 Vertical tray upport 14 Tray fixing bae No Price Specification Mild teel 1 500R Mild teel 1 Mild teel 4 Mild bae 4 No Mild teel 2 Mild teel 2 Mild teel 2 Mild teel 1 15 Rear extenion 16 Cabin front 17 Cabin rear 18 Rear aembly 19Tranforme r 20Tranforme r with main cord & diode 21 Battery 22 Batterie 6V DC,45 AH Mild teel 1 Electrical 1 item Mild teel 1 2 No 23 Circuit & witch Mild teel 1 24 Limit Mild teel 1 witch 25 Cabin Zinc teel 1 heet 26 Tray Zinc teel 1 heet 27 Spring Spring teel 4 No 28 Control circuit for activation 29 Radio frequency tranmitter and receiver 30 Labour charge Electronic part Electronic part R 200R 400R 600R 200R 700R 700R 1500R 1000R 1000R B Manufacturing Proce Of Variou Part Chai frame: Thi i made out of mild teel angel being cut from the ize of 2m x 25mm x 5mm of length 350mm- 1no, 280mm-1no, 495mm-2no Reddy 226 All are hammered for flattening and then ground to remove the cutting burr and then joined by arc welding to make the chai frame a per the ketch on which other aemblie are welded Front axle:-thi i made out of C30 teel round bar being cut from the diameter of 20mm of length 70mm and then turned on lathe machine to make the diameter a 15mm to uit the ball bearing inner diameter for the entire length and then tep turned at one end to make the diameter a 12mm for 4mm length to uit the wheel holding plate hole diameter and faced from the other ide to make the total length a 69mm uch two number of axle are made for thi project Battery :-Thi i made out of mild teel flat being cut from the ize of 12mm x 3mm of length 340mm---1no, 200mm---1no and then flattened by hammering and then 340mm i bent to make the rectangle of outide ize 100mm x 70mm and joined by arc welding and econd flat i bent to U hape with 50mm leg and i joined to thi rectangle frame to make the box to hold the battery a per the requirement Circuit and witch :-Thi i made out of mild teel flat being cut from the ize of 12mm x 3mm of length 150mm and then flattened by hammering and marked for the hole at the different ditance a required to drill 4mm diameter hole and then ground to remove the cutting and drilling burr and thi i welded on the chai frame Limit witch :-Thi i made out of mild teel flat being cut from the ize 20mm x 3mm of length 190mm---1no, 90mm---1no both are hammered for traightening and then 90mm flat i marked for the limit witch fixing hole at the ditance of 10mm from one ide and 25mm from firt hole to drill 4mm diameter hole and then thi i welded in right angle to the 190mm length flat a per the ketch and then welded on the chai frame Spring: Thee are the tandard compreion pring ued of required length Such four number of compreion pring which are made out of pring teel are ued in thi project Etc, like thi we have to manufacture different component required for u C Manufacturing detail of variou electrical part MOTORS: There are variety of type of motor ued in robot, they include dc ervomotor, tepper motor and ac ervomotor among thee motor we have ued dc ervomotor The main component of dc ervomotor are rotor and the tator

4 Reddy 227 Rated torque at output gear: 18 to 25 Nm at 12V Operating peed: 32 rpm BATTERIES: Voltage: 6 V Current: 38 Amp The motor i a geared dc motor with the main pindle working at 200rpm mounted with the worm gear driving a worm wheel reducing the peed to 32rpm and alo changing the direction The worm wheel i mounted with the axle which i rotating driving the main axle Fig 1 Final project after aembling all the manufactured part There are a variety of motor ued in the modern robot, they include DC motor, DC crew-motor tepper motor and AC crew-motor Thee motor find a variety of application in variou robot, field of application a per the deign and conideration of the peron who ue them In the model we have ued the DC motor The main component of the motor are the rotor and the tator Uually the rotor include the armature and the commutator aembly and the tator include the permanent magnet and the buhe aembly The current i made to flow through the winding of the armature; it up a magnetic field oppoing the field up by the magnet Thi produce a torque on the rotor Thi caue the rotor to rotate DC Motor principle: DC motor conit of rotor-mounted winding (armature) and tationary winding (field pole) In all DC motor, current mut be conducted to the armature winding by paing current through carbon bruhe that lide over a of copper urface called a commutator, which i mounted on the rotor The commutator bar are oldered to armature coil The bruh/commutator combination make a liding witch that energize particular portion of the armature, baed on the poition of the rotor Specification:- Rating: Sytem voltage: 12 V Operating temperature: 20 C to +90 C Characteritic: Typical light running current: 38 Amp Fig 2 Worm wheel connected to 12V DC motor SENSORS:-Senor are important component in work-cell control and in afety monitoring ytem Tactile enor:-thee are the enor, which repond to contact force with another object Some of thee device are capable of meauring the level of force involved Like thi different electrical component we ue RADIO FREQUENCY: Frequency i the rate at which the cycle of a periodic diturbance repeat The fundamental unit frequency i Hertz equivalent to one cycle per econd Wave diturbance in the EM pectrum can have frequencie ranging from le than 1 Hertz to trillion of Tera Hertz The audio frequency (AF) range, at which the human ear can detect acoutic energy, range from about 20 Hz to 20 KHz The radio pectrum, or radio frequency (RF) range, extend from a few KHz up to many GHz Since it i having following advantage, it i widely ued Grater gain, ie, better enitivity Improved image-frequency rejection Improved ignal-to-noie ratio Better electivity Better coupling of receiver to antenna

5 Reddy 228 III METHODOLOGY A Overloading intimation circuit In thi we are providing the micro-witch below the material holding tray or trolley which i held on pring on the chai The trolley hold the material properly for the particular weight material and if in exce will cloe the micro-witch which give the high tate input voltage to IC, UM-606 pin number 7 to give the inverted output at pin number 6 which trigger the tranitor BC547 to connect the relay to give the LED glowing and putting on the buzzer and alo putting on the radio remote receiver circuit B Circuit for putting on the iren when enforcing authoritie appear There i a tranmitter being provided at the enforcing authoritie, whether at vehicle or police tation, which will be tranmitting radio frequency ignal all around Fig 3 Circuit ued to detect overloading When the overloaded vehicle i moving in the vicinity, the overloading circuit which ha already put the receiver circuit on, will receive the ignal and automatically put on the iren within the vehicle If the driver trie to put off the iren witch, the drive will be blocked The received ignal being received by the receiver circuit which i brought from the market, which trigger the tranitor S-1904 two number one i NPN and another tranitor S-1904 i of PNP, to connect the relay to put on the iren and alo if iren i put off, will put off the drive motor We are uing 40Mhz frequency in thi project IV CONCLUSIONS Overloading prevention ytem i a ueful tool to contribute toward more compliance with ma regulation It could help to reduce the number of overloaded truck, and contributed to the more efficient and effective ue of police officer time A reduction in overloaded truck i alo conducive to a reduction in crahe There are till iue and challenge for thitechnology and application which require more reearch and development work New application of thee ytem are expected, both for traffic and heavy vehicle regulation enforcement REFERENCES [1] Robotic Technology and Flexible Automation by SR DEB [2] Indutrial Robotic by Mikell P Groover [3] Computer Aided Manufacturing by PN Rao, N K Tewari [4] Text Book of Machine Deign, by RSKhurmi [5] Truck overloading tudy in Developing countrie and Strategie to minimize it impact by Ying Chuen Chan [6] The damaging effect of overloaded heavy vehicle on road by CSIR, Road and Tranport Technology