IMPROVEMENT OF THE REGENERATING ENERGY ACCOUNTING SYSTEM ON THE

Transcription

1 THE ARCHIVES OF TRANSPORT ISSN (prit): Volume 36, Issue 4, 2015 e-issn (olie): DOI: / IMPROVEMENT OF THE REGENERATING ENERGY ACCOUNTING SYSTEM ON THE DIRECT CURRENT RAILWAYS Valeriy G. Kuzetsov 1, Oleg I. Sabli 2, Aleka V. Choraya 3 1,2,3 Depropetrovsk Natioal Uiversity of Railway Trasport amed after Academicia V. Lazaria, Depropetrovsk, Ukraie 1 vkuz@i.ua Abstract: Purpose. Moitorig of curret state of quatitative idices of regeerative eergy i the suburba movemet, the aalysis of the factors ifluecig its volumes ad improvemet the priciples of the trai regeerative eergy accoutig o the basis of it. Relevace. Developmet of effective measures of icrease the regeeratio efficiecy of the electric power i system of electric tractio demads comprehesive completeess of iformatio o quatitative idices of regeeratio eergy volumes at all possible levels of its aalysis, i particular o the correspodig sectios of RS movemet that will allow to establish the ifluece o the level of regeeratio of various factors, such as parameters of tractio power supply ad the orgaizatio of trai service. As the existig system of the regeerative eergy accoutig does ot allow to cosider the specified factors, developmet of the priciples for icreasig the efficiecy of the aalysis of volumes of retur eergy to a cotact lie durig regeerative brakig o DC rollig stock is the actual directio of researches. Collective moitorig of regeeratio eergy volumes by specialists of locomotive service, power supply ad traffic operatig departmets will be essetially ew approach to defiitio of real factors ad takig effective decisios for icreasig of usig of regeerative eergy. Scietific ovelty. It s offered to cosider the ifluece o quatitative idices of regeerative eergy the parameters of tractio power supply ad the orgaizatio (sizes) of traffic service o sectios. Practical importace. Icreasig the efficiecy of the regeeratio eergy accoutig is a importat elemet i drawig up the balace of eergy for electric tractio system, developmet of the effective methods for improvemet of the coditios of regeeratio i it ad i estimatio of its power idicators i geeral. Key words: regeeratio, eergy accoutig system, power cosumptio, power supply, traffic size 1. Itroductio Oe of the mai reserves of decreasig power cosumptio o the electrified railway trasport is usig of the regeerative modes of eergy o trai's electric brakig. Usig of these modes i the suburba traffic ad i the fright movemet o sectios with cosiderable biases is especially importat. Efficiecy of this mode is iflueced by a followig techical, operatioal ad orgaizatioal factors - techical coditio of regeeratio system of the rollig stock (RS), the traffic volume ad trai schedules, voltage level o feeder of tractio substatios, qualificatio of locomotive drivers, weather coditios, etc. Without favorable trai schedules (from the poit of view of regeerative eergy cosumptio), devices of brakig excess eergy receptio ad the high voltage level at the feeders of tractio substatios the efficiecy of eergy regeeratio sigificatly decreases. Icreasig of the regeeratio eergy accoutig is a importat elemet i drawig up the eergy balace for the tractio power supply system, developmet of effective methods for improvemet the coditios for regeeratio i it ad estimates of its power idicators i geeral. 2. Relevace ad purpose of the work Developmet of effective measures for icreasig the regeeratio efficiecy i the tractio power supply systems demads comprehesive completeess of iformatio o quatitative idices of regeeratio eergy volumes at all possible levels of its aalysis, i particular o the correspodig sectio of the movemet of Rollig Stock that will allow to establish the idicators of ifluece o the regeeratio level various factors, such as parameters of tractio power supply ad the orgaizatio of trai traffic. As the existig system of the regeeratio eergy accoutig does ot allow to cosider the specified factors, developmet of the priciples of icreasig the regeeratio 35

2 Valeriy G. Kuzetsov, Oleg I. Sabli, Aleka V. Choraya Improvemet of the regeeratig eergy accoutig system o the direct curret railways eergy efficiecy aalysis durig brakig mode o DC lie is a actual directio of researches. Moitorig of curret state of quatitative regeeratio eergy idices i the suburba trasportatio, the aalysis of the ifluecig factors o its value ad improvemet o the basis of it the priciples of the regeeratio eergy accoutig. 3. Review of literature I work (Hryakov, 2011) it s discussed the priciples of improvemet the calculatio methods for calculatio of tractio power cosumptio o DC curret lies i accoutig zoes o the basis of the devices istalled o feeders of a cotact lie of tractio substatios ad rollig stock (RS). It s offered the method of power cosumptio calculatio for tractio of RS with usig the avigatio system ad a database cotaied the borders of locomotive crews work sectio. As a result i work it is received the simplified method for calculatio the power cosumptio o accoutig zoes, determiatio of ubalace level o tractio of trais i borders of sectios ad i borders of tariff zoes, however the proposed method igores techiques errors of measurig devices ad belogig of RS to other railway compaies. I works it s formulated (Davydov, 2011; Zheleziak, 2010) the recommedatios about icreasig the effectiveess of routes processig system for locomotive drivers (LD) regardig the accoutig of power cosumptio o tractio, icludig the method for calculatio of power cosumptio o tractio of trais for a trip takig ito accout the actual expese of the electric power o cars heatig durig movemet that allows to icrease the accuracy ad objectivity of ratioig of eergy cosumptio. The offered forms of tables i this work differ from existig by the idicators of eergy cosumptio dyamics ad results of a eergy expeses ad regeeratio coutig o locomotive crew. I Sabli ad Kiyko (2011) researchers explaied the dyamic errors of measuremet of power cosumptio o tractio of RS by methods of the stochastic fuctios theory. At the sharply variable modes of RS power cosumptio the dyamic error of measuremet of the electric power expeses by direct curret meters could icrease, therefore their idicatios ca exceed the error regulated for the static mode of a power cosumptio. I Nerubatsky (2013) it s discussed o the basis of the developed imitatig model the algorithm of calculatio of tractio DC power supply system allowig to carry out the aalysis of a curret distributio of the regeeratio eergy ad eergy comig to tractio power supply system from exteral power supply system. Such approach allows to coduct research of ifluece of eergy regeeratio of trais o the mai idicators of tractio power supply system. I works (Sabli, 2014; William ad Nezevak, 2013) it s show the ifluece of the tractio power supply modes o regeeratio eergy efficiecy uder the coditios of restrictio or lack of a tractio power cosumptio o zoes betwee substatios. 4. The mai material Curretly there is a umber of the objective ad subjective factors costraiig use of the modes of regeerative brakig i tractio of trais. Usig of eergy regeeratio depeds o iterests of may railway departmets like Traffic Operatig, Power Supply, Locomotive, Tracks, Cars ad car facilities, Departmet of the telemechaic, commuicatio ad iterlockig. Various railway divisios have both positive ad egative cosequeces from usig of this type of electric brakig o their operatioal idicators. Tab. 1 shows the mai cosequeces from usig the regeerative brakig mode o trais for the relevat railway divisios. However, despite all existig egative factors of this mode the system effect from usig of regeeratio o RS is idisputable; developmet ad improvemet of coditios of regeeratio brakig o trais will be carried out o all further period of the electric tratio operatio. The aalysis of regeeratio efficiecy accordig to the driver route sheets (RSh) is based o a comparative assessmet of productivity idicators show the retur of the electric power at various levels of data itegratio at the correspodig level of the railway (fig. 1, a) ad at the level of egie shed (fig. 1, b). The primary data source about operatioal work, power cosumptio o tractio ad regeeratio of the electric power is the RSh. Iitial processig of these data is carried out i egie sheds i the specialized automated system ЛОКБРИГ the the data come to computer ceters of the railway. Data fom ЛОКБРИГ form a basis for drawig up forms for accoutig TХO-1, TХO-2, TХO-9 which ca be used for the aalysis of regeeratio efficiecy i the directios of give railway lie or etwork of lies. 36

3 AoT Vol. 36/Issue Table 1. The factors defiig the efficiecy of the eergy regeeratio Railway Divisios Positive factors Negative factors Locomotive service 1. Decreasig the costs o tractio; 2. Icreasig of the techical speed, average kilometric performace ad productivity of RS; 3. Wear decreasig of the equipmet o RS. mode o lie voltage Power supply 1. Decreasig of the eergy i the lies; 2. Icreasig of the voltage level i lie Cars ad car Decreasig of the mechaical brakes equipmet facilities wearig of cars 1. Icreasig of traffic safety of trais ad capacity of lies; Traffic Operatig 2. Decreasig i time of trai processig after exhaust Reductio of superstructure pollutio by metal Track maiteace dust Sigallig ad iterlockig Big (tha i the tractio mode) probability of emergece of circular fires o collectors of egies caused by depedece of the brakig 1. Voltage jump i a lie; 2. Icreasig of voltage i a lie up to 4 kv uder the absece of cosumers Deterioratio of dyamics of the movemet of cotiuous fright trais Creepig of the rails o sectio with cosiderable descets Icreased level of hidrace Fig. 1. Levels of the aalysis of regeeratio efficiecy:a) railway; b) egie shed Moder systems of the accoutig of the electric power i the modes of tractio ad regeeratio do ot differ ad iclude the followig mai stages, that are preseted at fig. 2. O the basis of reports of TXO-1 the report of TXO- 2 are calculated the electric power expeses at a level of railway, separated by series ad types of the movemet. I these forms is defied the idicators of expeses o movemet o work uit (gross kilometre toage), o a uit of weight of the trai ad percet of ecoomy o separate series of electric locomotives ad types of the movemet. This accoutig system has the followig shortcomigs: 1. Mixig of the calculated idicators passig multistage structure of data processig ad the measured by meters; 2. Absece of the divisio o balace zoes. Durig the work of RS o the log tractio shoulders relatig to various railwas, electric power cosumptio rates for locomotive crews are culculated o the basis of the trai shoulders ot takig ito accout whether this shoulder ed withi the railway or beyod its limits. 37

4 Valeriy G. Kuzetsov, Oleg I. Sabli, Aleka V. Choraya Improvemet of the regeeratig eergy accoutig system o the direct curret railways Fig. 2. Structure of the regeeratio eergy accoutig system I this work moitorig of regeeratio eergy volumes was executed for local services of the electric trais ЭПЛ2T which are operated i Depropetrovsk egie shed (РПЧ-1) of the Pridieprovskaya railway ad equipped with system of recuperative ad rheostatic brakig. All mai directios of movemet of electric trais were observed - amely Pyatikhatki, Chaplio, Lozovaya, Krivoy Rog, Doetsk. I the aalysis were processed 2150 driver s sheets durig Doubtful data of tractio ad regeeratio (the faulty meter i the tractio or regeeratio mode or its absece, casual or iteded distortio of idicatios) i statistical material accordig to DSh i the aalysis were ot cosidered. Istallatio of meters allows to keep accout ad cotrol of the electric power o RS, but i the aalysis of their idicatios there are some errors which are coected with the fact that the meter of tractio measures i tractio mode mesures ot oly power cosumptio o tractio, but also power cosumptio for ow eeds ad heatig of salos of trais. As a idicator of usig the regeeratio mode could be so-called coefficiet of regeeratio the relatio of regeerative eergy o i-m level to the eergy spet for tractio: e i Rm Am m 1 m 1 k W W (1) where: W the volume of the electric power retured Rm accordig to DSh, kw h; W a full expese of the electric power Am accordig to DSh, kw h; umber of the studied MM. Fig.3 shows the statistical distributios ad the mai probabilistic characteristics of power cosumptio o tractio, regeerated eergy ad coefficiet of regeeratio of electric trais of ЭПЛ2T averaged o all sectio of egie shed РПЧ-1 durig Accordig to umbers of electric trais of ЭПЛ2T related to the egie shed РПЧ-1 there is the essetial dispersio of regegeratio eergy values (fig. 4). This fact could be explaied by work of these electric trais o the ufavorable sectios with adverse coditios for regeeratio. 38

5 AoT Vol. 36/Issue a) b) c) Fig. 3. Statistical distributios of power o tractio (a), regeeratio eergy ad regeeratio coefficiet for electric trais ЭПЛ2T o egie shed РПЧ-1 39

6 Valeriy G. Kuzetsov, Oleg I. Sabli, Aleka V. Choraya Improvemet of the regeeratig eergy accoutig system o the direct curret railways Fig. 4. Chart of the eergy expese ad eergy regeeratio of electric trais ad their rated values Efficiecy aalisys of the accoutig of regeeratio eergy i a suburba movemet is complicated because very ofte oe locomotive crew could be related to may routes. Thus, readigs of meters are carried out i geeral for all trips. Defiitio of the ifluece of the directio o quatitative idices of eergy regeeratio is i that case complicated. Existece of cases of these doubtful results o DSh (the faulty meter or its absece, casual or deliberate distortio of its idicatios) ca lead to obtaiig icorrect values of this idicator ad to icorrect results of the aalysis. Therefore more ratioal idicator of regeeratio efficiecy durig regeerative brakig is (Davydov, 2011) so-called specific regeeratio the relatio of the retur volume of the electric power to the gross kilometre toage: QL i Rm ( ) m m 1 m 1 k W QL (2) where: ( QL ) m gross kilometre toage, 10 4 tkm gross. Also i Davydov (2011) it is offered to estimate a volume idicator of applicatio of regeerative brakig i geeral o structural divisio (railway) accordig to the gross kilometre toage work from DSh with regeeratio classified by the tractio mode as the relatio p p γ ( QL) ( QL) m m 1 m 1 (3) where: umber of DSh i geeral classified by the tractio mode; umber of DSh with regeeratio. p m Accordig to the TXO-1 forms could be made the retrospective statistical aalysis of eergy cosumptio o rated levels i the decreasig order: type of the movemet locomotive series traisectio category of trais. The aalysis of efficiecy of the accoutig of regeerative eergy icludes the followig mai stages: at a preparatory stage orgaizatioal issues are resolved, acquaitace with sites of work of locomotive crews ad structure of eergy cosumptio o tractio is carried out; direct power ispectio durig which it is carried out collectio of iformatio about work of locomotives ad cosumptio of eergy o tractio i egie shed, ad also drawig up cards of eergy cosumptio o tractio classified o series of locomotives ad types of the movemet, o uproductive expeses of eergy resources ad the mai operatioal idicators which ifluece tractio eergy cosumptio (Nerubatsky, 2013). 40

7 AoT Vol. 36/Issue Based o this it is possible to tell that system of the accoutig of regeerative eergy is a compariso tables i the Excel program, where the coefficiets for calculatios are received directly from head departmet of Ukrzalizytsa. Durig research of this problem the followig data o DSh of the egie shed РПЧ-1 were obtaied: directio (sectio); date of a trip; series, umber of the electric trai; Driver's full ame; amout of the cosumed ad regeerated eergy for a trip; cosumptio ad regeeratio of eergy o a sectio. Electric power expeses o tractio o Pridieprovskaya railway for 12 moths i 2014 o a sectio of multiple-uit egie shed accordig to the TXO-2 form are preseted i tab. 2. Accordig to the tab. 2 the work i relatio to last year decreased by 15,47%, but the expeses of the electric power were reduced by 19,04%. The plaed specific orm is reduced upo last year by 3,95%. The actual specific decreased till last year by 3,75% ad to the pla for 0,7%. Regeeratio accordig to pla for 2014 was 4264, kw h (РПЧ , kw h; РПЧ-3 121, kw h) actually value was 4256, kw h (РПЧ , kw h; , kw h; РПЧ-4 1, kw h). Uderfulfilmet of the pla made 7,1 thousad kw h. I РПЧ-1 specific regeeratio icreased i compariso of the past (2013) years by 2,38 kw h / 10 3.tkm.br. I РПЧ-3 specific regeeratio compared to last year decreased o 0,11 kw h / 10 3.tkm.br. (from 1,94 kw h / 10 3.tkm.br. i 2013 to 1,83 kw h / 10 3.tkm.br. i 2014). The cause of the decreased level of regeeratio was high level of voltage i a cotact lie (up to 3,8... 3,9 kv) o a sectio Akimovka-Sivash at which the scheme of regeeratio did t ot gather. This sectio is oe of the mai for implemetatio of regeerative brakig due to existece of a cosiderable bias. 5. Coclusios The aalysis of documetatio showed that the system of the accoutig of regeerative eergy o railway trasport is imperfect regardig estimatio of regeerative eergy efficiecy o sectio of operatio of RS as quatitative idices of regeerative eergy are iflueced sigificatly by a umber of operatioal ad techical factors such as the traffic volume ad the orgaizatio of trai service, voltage level o substatios etc. Usig of proposed additioal idicators will give the chace to solve this problem, to improve the system of estimatio of the quality of regeerative eergy, ad, above all to icrease the eergetic ad ecoomic efficiecy of regeerative brakig. Table 2Electric power expese o draft of trais o Pridieprovskaya railway Egie shed Work, millio tkm br Rated regeerative eergy, kw of h / 10 4 tkm. br Electric power expese, 10 3 kw h with without Actual expese, 10 3 kw h with without Specific expese, kw h / 10 4 tkm br tkm. br Ecoomy (-) a surcharge (+) with kw h without % kw h % RPCH ,07 209, , , , ,03-83,58-0, ,7 RPCH-2 293,85 173, , , , ,85-262,4-5, ,5 RPCH-3 644,71 207, , , , ,04-184,6-1, ,8 RPCH-4 91,29 238, , , , ,61-58,39-2,7-20,1-1,1 NRP ,92 205, , , , ,01-407,5-0, ,1 NRP ,21 213, , , , ,

8 Valeriy G. Kuzetsov, Oleg I. Sabli, Aleka V. Choraya Improvemet of the regeeratig eergy accoutig system o the direct curret railways Referece [1] DAVYDOV, A.I., The aalysis of efficiecy of the electric power retur to a cotact lie at recuperative brakig of the rollig stock (rus). News of the Tras-Siberia Railway, OmGUPS, 1(5), pp [2] HRYAKOV, A.A., Calculatio of a expese of electric eergy i zoes of the accoutig of DC electric tractio by usig of the ew techical meas (rus). News of the Tras-Siberia Railway, OmGUPS, 2(6), pp [3] NERUBATSKY, V.P., Improvig of the process of the eergy regeeratio i the DC tractio power supply system (ukr). October, 2011(2012), pp [4] SABLIN, O.I. ad KIYKO, A.І., Impact of dyamic modes of electric power cosumptio o the accuracy of measuremet of electricity (ukr). Miig Electromechaics ad automatio, scietific-techical. Coll, 86, pp [5] SABLIN, O.I., Icreasig of the efficiecy of eergy regeeratio i system of electrotrasport at a limited tractio power cosumptio (rus). Techological audit ad reserves of productio, 6(1), pp [6] WILLIAM, A.S. ad NEZEVAK, V.L., Promisig ways of icreasig the efficiecy of the eergy regeeratio (rus), Russia Youth Scietific Coferece dedicated to the 55th aiversary of the Ufa Istitute of Commuicatios / OmGUP, , pp [7] ZHELEZNIAK, S.P., Method of accoutig of eergy results from the trip the driver (rus), Sciece ad Moderity 2010: Proceedigs of the Iter. scietific ad practical. Cof. Novosibirsk, Part , pp