Zero Emission Urban Bus System: bringing electrification to the heart of the urban bus network

Transcription

1 11/12/2015 Zero Emission Urban Bus System: bringing electrification to the heart of the urban bus network Pauline Bruge, UITP

2 31,7 billion bus journeys in 2012 Breakdown by mode of local public transport in 2012 in the EU 7,8 billion journeys 9,2 billion journeys 56,8 billion journeys 31,7 billion journeys 8,1 billion journeys Bus+Trolley Tram Metro Suburban Rail Source: UITP Statistics Brief, June 2014, 2

3 EU legislations about emissions Hundredfold improvement since 1993 from EURO I to EURO VI PM (g/kwh) EU I (1993) Next step legislation: Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions Old vehicles are the main issue Source: VOLVO On road Plug-in emissions EU VI EU VI (2013) EU III (2001) EU II (1996) EU V EU IV (2009) (2006) No x (g/kwh) 3

4 Evolution of fleets What is the priority? 50,3% Today Only>Euro III Only Euro VI Today Only>Euro III Only Euro VI local buses France, Italy, Germany, The Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, Madrid Region 45% - Euro III or older 50,3% 24,5% 24,5% 34,2% 24,6% 11,6% 13,2% 34,2% 24,6% Bus contribution to urban pollution is really small 11,6% Anyway, 13,2% renewal of old-bus Estimated emissions reduction by fleets towards low emission renewing the fleet has important effects NMHC NOx PM NMHC NOx PM Source: 4

5 Evolution of Propulsion Which technology / solution? Current fleet Future fleet Bus fleet breakdown per fuel or energy used + 41,5% Source: 5

6 What challenges for electric buses? High capacity electric buses Joining forces between 2 strong city domains: public transport and energy Lack of experiences vs. Strong political will Rapid technological evolution vs. Long-term investment Charging infrastructure vs. Flexibility of operation Large set of solutions: Cost? Technical and operational aspects? Feasibility? Environmental benefits? A chosen technology performs well if put in its best operational conditions Source: EBSF Project (DG-R&I) Study by VDV and Prof. Dr. Ralph Pütz (Landshut University) 6

7 Axle Electric motor Drive axle Complexity of solutions Infrastructure Vehicle Battery Only Pantograph Energy storage Energy supply Power train Cable & plug Conductive Inductive Fast charging Overhead line Wheel Engine Articulated Arm Inductive Charging Battery Electric Traction Super Caps Generator Diesel engine Gas engine Fuel Cell Wheel Engine Energy generation 7

8 Zero Emission Urban Bus Systems EU FP7 Demonstration Project 13.5m EU funding ( 22.5m total budget) Coordinated by UITP 40 consortium partners 42 Months November 2013 April 2017 DG Mobility & Transport 8

9 ZeEUS Zero Emission Urban Bus Systems Evaluate the economic, environmental, operational and societal feasibility of high capacity e-bus system through demonstrations Provide Guidelines and Tools to support decision makers on if how and when to introduce electric buses in the core bus network Facilitate the market uptake of high capacity urban electric buses 9

10 ZeEUS Objectives Test E-Buses solutions in different operational and climate conditions Observe, compile and facilitate the share of experiences Network with main electromobility activities & stakeholders Guidelines and Tools for Pre- Commercial Support

11 ZeEUS 10 Core Demonstrations STOCKHOLM 8 plug-in hybrid VOLVO 12m LONDON 3 plug-in hybrid Double deck Alexander Dennis RANDSTAD Procurement on-going BONN 6 full electric BOZANKAYA 12m PARIS 10 full electric BOLLORE 12m BARCELONA 2 full electric IRIZAR 12 m 2 full electric Solaris 18m WARSAW 10 full electric SOLARIS 12m PLZEN 2 full electric SKODA 12m CAGLIARI 12 m Battery Trolleys 4 VOSSLOH /VAN HOOL 2 SOLARIS 11 MÜNSTER 5 full electric VDL 12m

12 Demo Calendar RUNNING Barcelona (IRIZAR) Stockholm (VOLVO) Münster (VDL) Pilsen (SKODA) London (ADL) Randstad ? PROCUREMENT Cagliari (VAN HOOL / SOLARIS) Warsaw (SOLARIS) Barcelona (SOLARIS) Bonn (SILEO) Paris (BLUEBUS) 12 UITP BUS / INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

13 Core Demos - Standard Battery Full Electric (BEV) 2 IRIZAR 12m 2 SOLARIS 18m DC slow charging overnight at the bus depot Barcelona 6 BOZANKAYA 12m DC slow charging overnight at the bus depot Bonn 20 BLUEBUS 12m (BOLLORE Group) DC slow charging overnight at the bus depot Paris 10 SOLARIS 12m DC slow charging overnight at the bus depot Fast charging options under assessment Warsaw 5 VDL 12m Fast opportunity charging at end stations and bus depot via bus shelter to roof connection & stationary battery Münster 2 SKODA 12m DC slow charging overnight at the bus depot AC fast charging at end stations Plzen 13

14 Core Demos: double deckers, battery trolleybuses & plug-in hybrids (PHEV) 4 VOSSLOH KIEPE battery trolleybuses 2 SOLARIS battery trolleybuses DC slow charging at the bus depot Overhead contact line recharging Cagliari 3 ALEXANDER DENNIS double decker buses Wireless opportunity charging at the bus depot and en route London 8 VOLVO plug-in hybrids 12m DC slow charging at the bus depot Fast opportunity charging via pantograph system on the roof of the bus Stockholm Procurement on-going DC slow charging at the bus depot Fast charging at terminals could be envisaged Ranstad? 14

15 ZeEUS methodology for a thorough & meaningful evaluation Global CO 2 SO 2 Other GHG s KPIs KPIs KPIs People Profit Planet Emissions Local Energy Resources Noise (nuisance) NOx PM 10 EM Radiation Zero-emission EV mode Hazardous waste Renewable Non Renewable KPIs KPIs KPIs KPIs KPIs Resources Building Resources Renewable Non Renewable KPIs KPIs Bottom Line Roots Materials Branches Renewable Non Renewable Sub-Branches KPIs KPIs 15

16 Evaluation implementation: example 16

17 Global evaluation of results for Identification of the most relevant KPIs for e-buses Supporting procurement for future investments in electric bus systems Analyse transferability of site- specific results Compiling a single handbook covering sustainability performance assessment Support to feasibility and decision making, modelling and standardisation NO DEMO-to-DEMO BENCHMARKING! NO TECHNOLOGY-to-TECHNOLOGY BENCHMARKING! Procurement Manual for ebuses Including KPI details & instructions 17

18 ZeEUS National Observatory Getting a clear picture of national trends List of ongoing initiatives: run in operation, procurements, pilots, demonstrations, tests Legislations impacting ebus Remarkable local urban policies Funding and financial initiatives National standards Energy and climate legislations impacting ebus 18

19 ZeEUS Observatory Contact: Phone:

20 ZeEUS Observatory of Local Experiences (1) Objective: knowledge-sharing, discussions on best practices & on key issues (i.e.: technologies, infra, energy, funding ) and in-depth discussions on the progress and deployment strategies If you are experiencing high capacity e-buses in your city, you can join the Observatory! Sign the MoU & Fill in the 20 minutes Online Survey Contact: pauline.bruge@uitp.org Phone:

21 ZeEUS Observatory of Local Experiences (2) Contribute to the only European yearly publication dedicated to electric urban bus system Have experience published on the ZeEUS web-site Participate in the ZeEUS e-bus Forum Event enabling knowledge-sharing between EU and worldwide experts, discussions on best practices & on key issues (i.e. technologies, infra, energy, funding ) and in-depth discussions on the progress and deployment strategies Optional: be selected to become a Monitored Demo and apply same KPIs and methodologies as the Core Demos And more! Contact: pauline.bruge@uitp.org Phone:

22 ZeEUS User Group 22

23 ZeEUS - Guidelines & Tools for Pre-Commercial Support Standardisation ZeEUS Standardisation Steering Group EC directive Deployment of Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Mandate for standard: Target 2019 In collaboration with UITP VEI and BUS Committees gathering all actors, VDV, LUTB Harmonise EU activities on ebus standards & support in close cooperation with CEN/CENELEC Contribute to E-SORT development and validation UITP Standard On Road Test (SORT) cycle Referential developed by the UITP Bus Committee in collaboration with bus manufacturers Test on track under accurate and explicit measuring conditions to design reproducible test cycles for on-road tests to compare fuel consumption of buses at the tender stage (diesel, hybrid) E-SORT cycle for electric buses 23

24 24 ZeEUS National / Cities Observatory Contribution to European Regulatory Frame on alternative fuels vehicles National Policy Frameworks Stakeholders Vision on ebuses Roadmap to introduce electrified urban buses in Europe Analysis of ebuses Demand / Offer Evolution Identification of most relevant KPIs for ebuses Procurement General Tender Structure for electric bus systems Standardization of ebuses charging CEN/CENELEC, VDV Development & Validation esort cycle for ebuses Tools & guidelines to Facilitate funding of ebus Systems EIB, Structural / Regional Funds Recommendations & guidelines for operational introduction of ebus Systems in cities policies, spatial/urban planning, migration scenarios Modules for personnel training Modules for Universities

25 ZeEUS Want to know more?

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