THE EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF E-BUS. ASRTU Electric Bus Dialogue 22 December 2017 Bengaluru

Transcription

1 THE EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF E-BUS ASRTU Electric Bus Dialogue 22 December 2017 Bengaluru

2 Lancet Commission on Pollution and Health:

3 WHAT TECHNOLOGIES DELIVER CLEAN MOBILITY? ANY Euro VI OR Filter-equipped diesel + Gas Engine Zero Emission Electric Drive Source: Clean Urban Bus Fleets Industry Partnership and City Action, ICCT USA

4 YEARLY OWNERSHIP COSTS FOR A SINGLE BUS IN SAO PAULO 4 Source: Clean Urban Bus Fleets Industry Partnership and City Action, ICCT USA

5 TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP CHANGES THE FINANCING PERSPECTIVE Source: Clean Urban Bus Fleets Industry Partnership and City Action, ICCT USA

6 THE MARKET 98% of the electric buses sold worldwide (2016) was in China European cities decides for electric buses: - Eindhoven - Amsterdam - Paris - Copenhagen - London - Oslo - Gothenburg - Hamburg - And many more 6 China: Year of delivery Europe: Year of delivery F UITP

7 BYD DELIVERING THE LARGEST ORDER OF ELECTRIC BUSES 7 By the end of 2017, all of Shenzhen City s 16,500 buses have been electrified

8 STRONG INTEREST IN EUROPE FOR ELECTRIC BUSES European Current fleet composition Future fleet Bus fleet breakdown per fuel or energy used (2013) + 41,5% 8 Respondents distribution according to future plans to change propulsion system ratio

9 ELECTRIC BUS ORDERS IN EUROPE ARE GROWING FAST! 1000 Number of ebuses Orders in Europe / year Jan- Sep 9 Source: ADL UITP

10 MARKET SHARE EVOLUTION EU URBAN BUS 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% EU Urban Bus Market Share Evolution 15% 16% 15% 2% 5% 9% 18% 9% 32% 50% 11% 52% 29% 13% 9% Clean Diesel Diesel-Hybrids Electric Electric (Fuel Cells) CNG/Bio-gas In Europe today 45% of buses are Euro III or older! 10 UITP

11 5 MAIN CHALLENGES FOR E-BUS DEPLOYMENT IN EUROPE High upfront cost More challenging operation New ways to procure - Vehicles & infrastructure - Operation services 11 Standardisation & Interoperability Reinforcing cooperation energy/bus

12 OPERATIONS General operation organization Environmental factors (weather, traffic, power conditions) Constraints Power Supply Capacity State of Health of the batteries Service planning, working timetable, scheduling, consolidation of the driving staff Writing safety regulations and operation documents Drivers training Participation in testing and commissioning phase Management of all the interventions over the running way (protocol for the technical services of the city, the winter maintenance ) 12 UITP

13 PREPARE PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS Operations Plans Maintenance Plans Recruitment Plans Training Plans Safety Plans 13 UITP

14 TRAINING OF DRIVERS Electric bus properties Specific driving training for Electric Buses Precision docking : rely on the driver e-bus driving : how to maximize the braking energy recuperation (Similarities with Eco-Driving) Acceleration and torque specificities Safety Reliability 14 UITP

15 TRAINING OF DRIVERS Eco driving Identifying errors and possible improvements Definition of optimal driving strategies Training Driving Recording and performance analysis Checking Results Real time Driver information 15 UITP

16 MAINTENANCE General maintenance organization Resources coordination and around-the-clock staffing through rotating on road-call duties Assure the availability of the fleet Specific safety measures regarding maintenance of electric vehicles (manipulating high tension power) Procedures for 24 V and V power handling Dealing with specific electrical subcomponents (manipulation) Implementation of a computer-aided maintenance management tool, coordination with operations to following system failures 16 UITP

17 TRAINING FOR MAINTENANCE Training in working on electric components Procedures for 24 V and V power handling, inclusive safety measures/driving off Responsibility for the installation, training Fire prevention and fire fighting instructions Dealing with specific electrical subcomponents manipulation) Preparation for legal Technical control (demands on electric components) 17 UITP

18 AT THE DEPOT (Re-)organizing workplaces for maintenance expanding, enlarging (length, number) Platform for maintenance roof mounted equipment, Safety Lines Preparation of vehicle inspections 18 UITP

19 AT THE DEPOT Specific workplaces for working on batteries Scaffolds to replace batteries Dedicated diagnostic and calibration equipment and specific tooling for electric components Application of Failure Management Effects Analyses Specific safety measures regarding maintenance of electric vehicles high voltage 19 UITP

20 PERFORM SECURITY AND SAFETY TESTS Test different scenarios with the Fire Department and the Police Department Analyze the results of the tests, measure the reactivity of the participants Clarifying gaps with applicable codes and standards, and related activities Improving dialogue among affected professional constituent groups 20 UITP

21 MARKETING AND COMMUNICATION Preparation of the communication campaign and the Inaugural Day Emissions Noise Vibrations Branding of city TCO Urban development In Copenhagen, the E-buses has been the most liked post on the city s Facebook profile Start of operation 21 UITP

22 2 E-BUSES RESEARCH PROJECTS ZEEUS, ELIPTIC, EBSF_2, ASSURED : European funded projects UITP

23 ZEEUS: TO SUPPORT ELECTRIC BUS DEPLOYMENT 40 Consortium Partners 20 User Group Members 50 Observatory Members Coordinator: UITP 22,5 million EU funding: 13,5 million 10 demo cities ~70 electric buses 90 observed cities 800 ebuses A set of tools and guidelines to accompany bus stakeholders in ebus deployment 1 evaluation methodology 23 UITP

24 Demo Cities LONDON 3 plug-in hybrid (induction) Double deck Alexander Dennis PARIS 10+ full electric BOLLORE 12m EINDHOVEN 43 full electric VDL 18m STOCKHOLM 8 plug-in hybrid VOLVO 12m BONN 6 full electric BOZANKAYA 12m BARCELONA 2 full electric IRIZAR 12 m full electric 2 full electric Solaris 18m Solaris 18m CAGLIARI 12 m Battery Trolleys 4 VOSSLOH /VAN HOOL 2 SOLARIS WARSAW 10 full electric SOLARIS 12m PLZEN 2 full electric SKODA 12m MÜNSTER 5 full electric VDL 12m 24

25 4 steps to get ready IF Know & Decide Develop clean-buses deployment strategy Exchange of experiences Market monitor & understanding WHEN Plan & Regulate Standardised / interoperable solutions Funding & Financing Urban policies WHAT Select & Procure Procurement process principles Indicators for procurement evaluation Relationship with energy providers HOW Operate & Maintain Training (new competencies, new processes) Operations (including charging operations) Maintenance (new garage settings) Decommissioning (battery after-life) 25

26 ZeEUS ebus Performances 26

27 Example: Bonn vision all diesel buses replaced by e-buses by 2030 Market exploration Feasibility study Fields tests Technical specifications Charging concept Operational concept Gradual conversion of all conventional diesel buses to full electric propulsion by

28 Updated overview of electric buses in Europe BEV, PHEV and battery trolleybuses 90 cities, over 800 vehicles and over 20 million km in pure electric mode 32 manufacturers 8 electric system suppliers Available on:

29 Chapter 1: global perspective, ebus development per region Chapter 2: Cities Chapter 3: Manufacturers Chapter 4: Electric System Suppliers 29

30 Electrification of public transport Strategies and business models to boost the introduction of electric public transport Electric PT as a

31 Example: Opportunity (re)charging & overnight charging of e-buses based on metro infrastructure Barcelona

32 Advanced solutions for improved efficiency and attractiveness of bus systems 42 partners 11 PTO & PTA 6 Research topics 7 BM 70% market >30 TIs 12 EU networks > 150 buses 32

33 Indoor bus stop in Gothenburg, Sweden How to improve passenger satisfaction? 33

34 Development of next generation modular high-power charging solutions (up to 600kW) Interoperable and scalable high power charging solutions Innovative charging management strategies to improve TCO Development and demonstration of efficient wireless charging solutions up to 100kW Evaluation of the cost, energy efficiency, impact of grid 34 UITP

35 High charging power -> reduced charging time at terminals, enhanced fleet operation Interoperability between vehicles and charging systems of different brands -> deployment of e-fleets in different steps and through regular tenders Smart charging at the depot -> efficient charging of large (+100 vehicles) fleets Use cases (6 HD urban buses) Jaworzno, PL Helmond, NL Castellón, ES Turin/Lyon, IT/FR Gothenborg, SE Bayonne, FR 35 UITP

36 3 UITP OTHER ACTIVITIES ON E-BUSES Training, Events, Statistics, Standardisation UITP

37 UITP E-SORT: Standardised On Road Test Cycles for electric buses measure the traction energy consumption to obtain information on the zero emissions range of a bus cost effective new addendum to the initial UITP SORT brochure Contribution from ZeEUS with real electric bus tests 37 UITP

38 TRAININGS UITP

39 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!! 39 UITP