INNOVATIVE APPROACH IN ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ROAD SAFETY IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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1 INNOVATIVE APPROACH IN ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ROAD SAFETY IMPACT ASSESSMENT Timo Hoffmann, PTV Group TSTS Road Safety Seminar, Bangkok,
2 CRASH PREDICTION Tomorrow at 11:34 a crash will happen here. Page 2
3 CRASH PREDICTION In 2014 about 10 million cars will use this road. About three crashes will occur on this segment. Page 3
4 ROAD SAFETY IMPACT ASSESSMENT Current status Layouts Safest Layout A B C Page 4
5 ROAD SAFETY IMPACT ASSESSMENT Current status New Bus Route Safety Impact Per year e.g. Δ -25 crashes Δ -6 injuries Δ -1 fatality Δ -2 million $ crash costs Page 5
6 Road Infrastructure Data Land Use Information Historical Crash Data Crash Prediction Model (CPM) Road Safety Experts Transportation Planning Public Transport Operators Traffic Police City Logistics Traffic Management Multimodal Transportation Model Network-wide Speed Data Environment Office Page 6
7 RE SHAPE THINKING ON TRANSPORATION AND ROAD SAFATY Breaking out of the institutional silos of transportation! Michael Replogle (ITDP) Page 7
8 IMPROVING ROAD SAFETY WITH NEW APPROACHES A Transportation planning A D B C B Road network with traffic volumes and crash data C Safety analysis D Evaluation of Safety measures Page 8
9 ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT EU Directive 2008/EC/96 Black Spot Management Road Safety Inspection (BSM) (RSI) Page 9
10 ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT Crash Data Black Spot Management Road Safety Inspection (BSM) (RSI) Necessity for and benefits of using software Page 10
11 INTEGRATED ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT Road administrations need to take action on the operational level. Black Spot Management (BSM) Identify black spots (sites with high crash frequency) based on historical crash data Analyze similarities and contributing factors Find countermeasures Page 11
12 Page 12
13 Page 13
14 INTEGRATED ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT Transportation authorities identify need for action on strategic level Network Safety Management (NSM) Road traffic planning based on the macroscopic safety situation Safety assessment considers historical crash data, traffic volumes and road infrastructure data Ranking of road segments in terms of high risk sections and severity Describing safety potential = road segments with high crash saving potential Page 14
15 CRASH COUNT ON LINKS Page 15
16 CRASH DENSITY ON LINKS Page 16
17 CRASH RATES ON LINKS Page 17
18 CRASH RATES & DENSITY ON LINKS Page 18
19 COMBINATION OF TRANSPORTATION NETWORK/MODEL WITH CRASH DATA Network Crashes Traffic Volumes (from model) Page 19
20 ALLOCATION OF CRASHES TO ROAD NETWORK Page 20
21 GOAL OF NETWORK SAFETY MANAGEMENT Safety potential Real crash cost Theoreti cal crash cost for best practice design Network Safety Management Page 21
22 THE ROAD SAFETY LORENZ CURVE BASIC PRINCIPLE FOR NSM Percentage of avoidable crash costs 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1% 8% 11% 16% 20% 26% 31% 40% 45% 51% 53% 54% 57% 61% 64% 67% 70% 72% 73% 74% 75% 77% 80% 84% 91% Percentage of total network length No safety potential Little safety potential Medium safety potential High safety potential Page 22
23 SAFETY POTENTIAL AND AVOIDABLE CRASH COSTS Real Situation Safe Situation Links Links Length Crashes Crash costs ADT Base crash rate Length Crash cost density Base crash cost density Safety potential Aviodable crash costs Page 23
24 Page 24
25 Page 25
26 IMPROVING ROAD SAFETY WITH AN INTEGRATED APPROACH Road Safety Impact Assesment Network Safety Management Black Spot Management Road Safety Inspection New scheme and / or modified infrastructure Road Safety Audit Page 26
27 ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE LIFE CYCLE AND THE SAFETY TOOLS IN SWITZERLAND Planning (reconstruction and upgrading) Planning (new construction) Operation Specific single event Project design Implementation Single Crash Location Management Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Reference: ASTRA (2013a) Page 27
28 THE CAUSAL DIAGRAM OF THE RIA METHOD Crash prediction models (CPM) Transportation model / Traffic data Expected cost of crashes per CPM type Expected number of crashes per CPM type Links and nodes per CPM type Average daily traffic per link and node Expected number of crashes Expected costs of crashes Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 28
29 SWISS RIA METHOD: ROAD SEGMENTS Road type Other conditions Crash rate Major motorway 2 lanes 0.46 > 2 lanes 0.55 Minor motorway 1 lane 0.48 > 1 lanes 0.57 Tunnel 0.53 Major rural road 0.78 Crashes per million vehicles per kilometer Major urban road physical separation 1.85 no physical separation 3.49 Major urban road with high commercial use Minor urban road physical separation 2.69 no physical separation 5.10 with traffic calming 1.50 without traffic calming Page 29
30 SWISS RIA METHOD: INTERSECTIONS Road type Control Type Legs Crash rate Rural Urban uncontrolled signalized roundabout uncontrolled signalized roundabout > > > > > > Crashes per million vehicles Page 30
31 SWISS RIA METHOD: COST RATES Crash rate Ratio of severe injury crashes 2% Ratio of light injury crashes 12% Cost per severe injury crash 1,012,000 CHF Cost per light injury crash 91,500 CHF Ratio of property damage only crashes 86% Cost per PDO crach 45,000 CHF Crash cost rate Page 31
32 SWISS RIA METHOD: CRASH PREDICTION MODEL Road types & volumes Crash rate Crash density & counts Use a traffic model to calculate expected traffic volume Use traffic volume and road types as input parameter for CPM Calculate crash rates based on network attributes Calculate crash densities and counts Page 32
33 IS THIS STATE-OF-THE-ART? No, there are more advanced CPM approaches US Highway Safety Manual proposes Safety Performance Functions and Crash Modification Factors Page 33
34 PILOT PROJECT FOR ZÜRICH NEW MOTORWAY SEGMENT (1) Length: 10.6 km Costs: 2.85 Mrd. CHF Length: 15.7 km Costs: 1.14 Mrd. CHF Reference: Office of Transport (2009), swissinfo.ch (2009) Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 34
35 THE MEASURE NEW MOTORWAY SEGMENT (2) Reference: Canton of Zurich (2012), PTV Group (2014) Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 35
36 THE MEASURE NEW MOTORWAY SEGMENT (3) Reference: Canton of Zurich (2012), PTV Group (2014) Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 36
37 THE IMPACT OF THE MEASURE (1) Reference: Canton of Zurich (2012), PTV Group (2014) Page 37 Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr
38 THE IMPACT OF THE MEASURE (2) Traffic volume differences: +/ vehicles or +/- 5% Reference: Canton of Zurich (2012), PTV Group (2014) Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 38
39 THE IMPACT OF THE MEASURE (3) Reference: Canton of Zurich (2012), PTV Group (2014) Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 39
40 HISTORICAL CRASH DATA Reference: Canton of Zurich (2012), PTV Group (2014) Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 40
41 MAIN RESULTS RIA crash counts historical crash counts Before After in [%] -16,4% -10,4% Reference: Canton of Zurich (2012), PTV Group (2014) Stadt Zürich Dienstabteilung Verkehr Page 41
42 CLOSING REMARKS PTV Visum Safety offers functionalities for different road infrastructure safety management methods Need for an integrative approach Data availability is an issue Easy to use, pragmatic solutions are beneficial Complexity can be added at a later stage Don t wait act now! Page 42
43 Timo Hoffmann Business Development Safety PTV Group
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