Installing a VFD and 3 Phase Motor on a 10x22 Lathe

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Cecil Jordan
6 years ago
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Installing a VFD and 3 Phase Motor on a 10x22 Lathe I really like my 10x22 Lathe. It is a very capable machine but can be made even better by adding a 3 phase motor and Variable Frequency Drive (VFD).

1 Installing a VFD and 3 Phase Motor on a 10x22 Lathe I really like my 10x22 Lathe. It is a very capable machine but can be made even better by adding a 3 phase motor and Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). The new motor and VFD give the lathe variable speed operation with great low speed. In addition, the 3 phase motor runs smother giving a better finish and is more reliable than the old single phase motor which came with the lathe. I have documented my 3 Phase Motor up-grade in pictures in the Photo section here: /list The photo section from the 10x22 Group showed the installation of a NEMA 56 type motor. I have since found out that most of the 10x22 lathes come equipped with an IEC D80 motor which is also known as a metric motor. This motor is a drop in replacement which will allow you to skip making a bushing, modifying the shaft, and mounting issues. A Leeson 1 HP D80 3 Phase motor is available for $170 from Thanks to Robert Goslin of the10x22 Yahoo group for posting this information.

This document outlines the installation of the motor, the Teco 1 HP VFD (110V input- 220V 3 Phase output), a digital MachTach tachometer/sfm module, and an external cabinet to mount the VFD.

2 This document outlines the installation of the motor, the Teco 1 HP VFD (110V input- 220V 3 Phase output), a digital MachTach tachometer/sfm module, and an external cabinet to mount the VFD. This is the Leeson motor which I used: 1hp 1700RPM D80 Frame 230 V Leeson Electric Metric Motor # Note: As of the price is now $170 and shipping is no longer free. This motor IS A DROP IN REPLACEMENT. No modifications were needed. The mounting holes are correct, the size is correct, and the shaft/keyway and end hole are all correct. I messed around for a week adapting a 56C frame motor to work. If you have the money, this is the way to go. It is a beautiful motor which has excellent ball bearing construction and is smooth running.

I bought a Teco 115V in/220 3Phase out VFD. What a great VFD! It is a sensorless vector drive which provides awesome torque right down to very low RPMs. It only costs $131. http://www.dealerselectric.

3 I bought a Teco 115V in/220 3Phase out VFD. What a great VFD! It is a sensorless vector drive which provides awesome torque right down to very low RPMs. It only costs $ Note: The $131 price is still correct as of I highly recommend the Leeson Motor and Teco VFD. Buying a 56C motor will take more work to install than purchasing the new Leeson Motor. I added a Tachometer/SFM module of my own design and I moved all electronics except the tachometer to an external plastic box mounted on the side of my bench. My MachTach tachometer design is now being sold at for about $55 The following page contains the schematic for connecting the TECO VFD to the 3 Phase motor for the 10x22. Although the pictures show a fan for the VFD enclosure, it is not necessary so I left it off of the schematic. If you want to add an auxiliary fan to your lathe, the TECO VFD has the ability to control an external fan turning it on and off with the run mode. Refer to the TECO documentation on how to do this.

This design includes the original magnetic contactor except that I moved it to the external box with the VFD. It uses all original switches except that the direction switch is now low voltage.

5 This design includes the original magnetic contactor except that I moved it to the external box with the VFD. It uses all original switches except that the direction switch is now low voltage. The MachTach tachometer is optional. The schematic shows the cable breaks between the lathe and the control box. I used connectors for these breaks but this is also optional. The control box is an off the shelf item from the Home Depot electrical isle. I added connectors for my low voltage and 110V cables so I can disconnect the new control box from the lathe.

This picture shows the wiring to the lathe front panel. All original switches were used. The potentiometer and tachometer were added to the panel.

6 This picture shows the wiring to the lathe front panel. All original switches were used. The potentiometer and tachometer were added to the panel. Quite a few people have used a similar mounting except that they mounted the MachTach as a half size module at the very top of the lathe front panel. I did not document the actual connections used on the original switches or contactor. If I had, someone could potentially find that their lathe had a different switch or contactor. I suggest that you buy an inexpensive ohm meter to check out continuity through the various contacts to find the two pairs you need for the VFD forward and reverse and to check out the contactor.

7 During the rebuild, I removed all electrical components inside the original 10x22 control box. One of my single phase start capacitors had an end cap which was ready to blow out and had bubbles all over the exterior. I would have had to replace this cap if I hadn't done the upgrade. The box contains the VFD, the original contactor, fuse block, a terminal strip, a wall wart for the tachometer, and the optional fan. The fan blows air up through the VFD and out a passive vent on the top of the box.

The total 3 Phase motor/vfd upgrade cost was about $315. Prices have risen since I first published this document. Below are the current costs: VFD $130 Motor $170 Box $ 30 Potentiomenter $5 Misc.

8 The total 3 Phase motor/vfd upgrade cost was about $315. Prices have risen since I first published this document. Below are the current costs: VFD $130 Motor $170 Box $ 30 Potentiomenter $5 Misc. Cables, fuse block $10 MachTach $55 TOTAL $345 without MachTach $400 with MachTach Lathe shown running at 485RPM. The left knob controls the speed. The right knob allows me to switch between RPM and SFM and enter work diameter. After you get everything hooked up, test it by operating the motor using the TECO VFD front panel. Push the green button on your lathe which will apply power to the VFD. Press the Run button on the VFD and the motor should start up. Try turning the VFD knob to control the speed. The new controls will not work yet. To make the VFD respond to your new speed potentiometer and forward reverse switch you need to program the VFD with a few values.

9 Programming the VFD The VFD defaults all control to its front panel. To program it to use your new front panel, use the following procedure: Press the DISP FUNC button. The screen should display F00. Press the up arrow 4 times until F04 is displayed. Press the DATA ENT button. The screen should display 00. Press the up arrow once so the display reads 01. This selects the external terminal strip which you connected your switches to. Press the DATA ENT button again and wait until F04 appears again. Press the up arrow 1 times until F05 is displayed. Press the DATA ENT button. The screen should display 00. Press the up arrow twice so the display reads 02. This selects the external potentiometer. Press the DATA ENT button again and wait until F05 appears again. Press the DISP FUNC button. This should put you back to normal operating mode. These are the settings you just selected: F04 01 F05 02 Try selecting forward or reverse to see how you lathe runs. You should be able to adjust the speed using the potentiometer. If the lathe runs in the wrong direction for forward and reverse, switch two of the 3 connections to the 3 phase motor or use the VFD parameter F03 to reverse the direction. F03 01 to reverse motor or just swap two legs of the 3 phase motor. Enjoy a great lathe that is now even better!

Installing a VFD and 3 Phase Motor on a 10x22 Lathe

Installing a VFD and 3 Phase Motor on a 10x22 Lathe I love my 10x22 Lathe. It is a very capable machine but can be made even better by adding a 3 phase motor and Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). The new