INSTRUCTION MANUAL. Model F10BCI 6x500y High Speed Rotor

Transcription

1 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE, Inc. Piramoon Technologies INSTRUCTION MANUAL Moel F10BCI 6x500y High Spee Rotor For use only in Beckman Coulter Avanti J or HP centrifuges except the Avanti J-HC. Not for use in any other Beckman Coulter centrifuge, or any other centrifuge. Type: Volumetric Capacity: Maximum Spee: Maximum RCF: Weight: Material of Construction: Rotor Coes: Fixe Angle 6 x 500 ml rpm 17,696 x g 13.2 kg / 29 lb. Carbon Fiber Composite F500* in Avanti J an HP series centrifuges 500 in Avanti J-E centrifuges *Rotor Coe F500 was previously F10. Rotor Coe 500 was previously Alo Avenue, Santa Clara, CA USA 800.PTI.FUGE

2 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE Rotor Proucts User Reference Manual 04/05B

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4 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL Contents Page A. GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Safety Marks an Notices 2 2. Rotor Moel Designations 5 3. Characteristics of Composite Materials 6 4. Rotor Preparation 6 5. Tube an Bottle Preparation 6 6. Rotor Care, Cleaning an Disinfecting 9 7. In Case of Trouble - What To Do Prouct Return Proceure Fiel Rotor Inspection Program (FRIP) Warranty Statement 12 Glossary (incluing essential centrifugation formulas) 14 Patents an Traemarks Notice 15 B. RELATIVE CENTRIFUGAL FORCE (RCF) Table 16 04/05B 1

5 1. Safety Marks an Notices CAUTION- SAFETY MARK! This mark points to an important safety instruction in connection with the operation an hanling of the rotor. Failure to o so may voi warranty or result in amage to the rotor, centrifuge, an in the loss of samples. The operator is instructe to follow the accompanying instructions before use or maintenance of FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE rotors an accessories. WARNING - SAFETY MARK! This mark signifies a critical safety consieration that must be ahere to. Failure to o so creates the potential of harm to the rotor, centrifuge an even personal injury. The operator is strongly urge to strictly follow all instructions that accompany this symbol. IMPORTANT SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS! - Please rea before using your rotor - Chemical an Biological Safety Use solutions, samples or material that are chemically or biologically active or potentially angerous mixtures, only after you rea, unerstan: all safety ocuments, ata sheets or other information provie by the solutions, samples, materials, or bio-active material, parts, components, instruments an tools involve in the experiment, all relevant feeral an local safety regulations, an institute all necessary precautionary an safety steps. If a supplier provies any of the biologic proucts involve in the experiment, you must familiarize yourself with all cautionary information available from the supplier s literature with respect to the origin an properties of these proucts. If such information is inaequate or unavailable, contact your institution s safety officer. 2 04/05B

6 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL In aition, you must keep the following uner consieration at all times before, uring an after centrifugation. Spills may generate aerosols. Be familiar with an ahere to safety precautions for aerosol containment. Implement aerosol containment particularly when working with virulent organisms such as Hepatitis (B an C), HIV (all forms), mycobacteria, etc. Infectious sample mixtures must be hanle accoring to appropriate laboratory proceures an methos to prevent potentially lethal consequences. Hanle all boy fluis, whether human or animal, as if they are capable of transmitting lifethreatening infectious isease. Available laboratory tests o not eliminate the hazar. Follow local an feeral guielines relate to health, safety an environment to ispose waste solutions. If, at the en of a centrifuge run, there is evience of leakage of biologically active or raioactive samples, you shoul assume that some flui escape the rotor. In that case, you shoul immeiately start appropriate econtamination proceures for the rotor (see section 2.3.3), centrifuge an all relate accessories, such as vacuum pump(s) an connecting vacuum tubes that might have been expose to the sample. If not certain, call the manufacturer of your centrifuge for instructions. Mechanical Limitations an Worker Safety The failure moe of FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE rotors is much ifferent than rotors mae from metals. In case of a total failure an isruption, FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE rotors will cause less amage to the centrifuge than their metallic equivalents. However, total isruption of a large or high-energy rotor may still result in some amage to the centrifuge an loss of samples. Make sure you follow instructions in this manual an in other ocuments provie by manufacturers of the centrifuge, bottles, an tubes an by suppliers of sample mixtures or reagents. Follow all operational proceures correctly for each run. Never use a rotor without a li. Super-spee or General Purpose rotors not tie own securely on the spinle may jump off an cause amage to the rive shaft an the centrifuge chamber. Never attempt to touch or stop a rotor by han. Failure to o so may amage the surface finish of the rotor an, over time, expose some pointe ens of carbon filaments, which may break through the skin like a wooen splinter. 04/05B 3

7 Trying to stop a rotor also presents a serious personal hazar: loose items like scarves or sleeves of a lab-coat can be caught by the spinning rotor an cause injury. Excessive vibration of a high-spee centrifuge will inicate a grossly unbalance rotor. Stop the run immeiately, remove all bottles from the rotor an check counterbalancing of the bottles in accorance with the manufacturer of your centrifuge. Most high/super centrifuges require counterbalancing within ±1.0 gram. Do not excee maximum rotor spee uner any circumstance. Spee reuction may be necessary because of weight consierations of tubes, aapters, conition of the rotor, or the ensity of the solution being centrifuge. Be sure to follow appropriate instructions containe in this rotor manual. Do not put a rotor covere with moisture on the pre-coole rive spinle, or it can freeze into place. Never leave the rotor on the hub for long perios. Keep mating surfaces of the rotor an spinle clean. If any unusual vibrations, souns or oors occur, turn off power to the centrifuge immeiately an o not operate the centrifuge until the cause of the improper behavior is etermine. Do not try to lift a rotor by force or by swaying it. If not remove immeiately, rotors may stick to the spinles of some high-spee centrifuges ue to conensation that can quickly freeze over the spinle. Leave the rotor in the centrifuge an wait until the centrifuge comes own to room temperature. Then, try lifting the rotor again. If you still cannot remove the rotor, contact Beckman Coulter Fiel Service for avice. Lifting, carrying an reaching in-an-out of the centrifuge poses the potential of lower back-injuries. Lift, carry an hanle the rotor with care, with your boy in complete balance at all times. Ask your institution s safety officer or write to Occupational Safety an Health Aministration (OSHA) for avice. Dropping the rotor on the floor from a bench-top 4 04/05B

8 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL istance may rener it unusable. If a rotor is roppe on the floor, you must contact Beckman Coulter Fiel Service to arrange for a free inspection. Never use any abrasive tools to clean the rotor. If neee, uses soft brushes an wash only with mil soap or etergent solutions. High or super spee rotors nee to be screwe onto the spinle using the tie-own knob on the rotor li. IMPORTANT: It is the customer s responsibility to econtaminate, isinfect or sterilize the rotor an ensure complete safety before contacting Beckman Coulter, Inc. for service or inspection. 2. Rotor Moel Designations FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE high an super spee rotors are name to provie information about them following some conventional esignations. For example, the moel name F10BCI- 6x500y inicates that the rotor is a Fixe angle high spee rotor, capable of achieving a maximum spee of rpm, equippe with a Beckman Coulter, Inc. hub, an that the rotor has 6 cell cavities with 500 ml capacity each. The y esignates Enhance Liqui Containment. 04/05B 5

9 3. Characteristics of Composite Materials A composite structure is a non-chemically combine material create by the synthetic assembly of two or more components. These components inclue selecte filler or reinforcing agent an a compatible matrix biner, i.e., a resin, in orer to yiel specific characteristics an properties. The components of a composite material o not issolve or otherwise merge completely into each other, but they act in concert. The components an interface between them can be physically ientifie an characterize. In aition, it is the behavior an properties of the interface that generally control the properties of a composite structure. The key avantage the composite technology is that it provies wie esign flexibility an manufacturing latitue to meet the technical, performance an cost emans impose by ifferent applications. The goal in creating a composite structure is to combine similar or issimilar materials in orer to evelop specific properties that meet esire requirements. From the centrifugation point of view, what make composite materials, specifically carbon fiber an epoxy combinations, highly esirable are that they o not corroe an that they provie significantly better strength to ensity an stiffness to ensity ratios than both aluminum an titanium. These properties, when applie properly, result in better, safer, higher performance centrifugation proucts. 4. Rotor Preparation It is avisable to keep your FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE carbon fiber rotor in a col-room, so that the run can start immeiately after bottles are place in the rotor, eliminating the nee to wait for temperature equilibration in the centrifuge. If kept at room temperature, FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE rotors will take approximately 1-3 hours to cool own to uner 10 o C after it is place in a refrigerator. However, because carbon fiber rotors provie effective temperature insulation, you only nee to chill your sample. Once place in the rotor, the rotor will maintain up to 95% of the sample temperature throughout the spin cycle. It is always important to visually inspect the rotor an its components before an after each run for any unusual nicks, checking, or other abnormalities. See Rotor Care, Cleaning an Disinfecting. 5. Tube an Bottle Preparation Commonly use rotor bottles have a flat bottom with roune eges an may be covere with either a screw closure or a sealing cap. Other types of bottles with conical or roune bottoms may be use with inserts. Typically these bottles are supplie with a non-contaminating screw closure without a liner. The following Beckman Coulter tubes, bottles, an accessories can be use in this rotor. 6 04/05B

10 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL Part Number Tube Description Dimensions an Volume Max. Fill Volume (ml) Require Accessory Description Part Number Max. Spee a (rpm) (pkg/6) polycarbonate bottle w/cap assembly 69 x 160 mm 500 ml 465 none (pkg/6) bottle w/cap assembly 69 x 160 mm 500 ml 445 none 8, (pkg/6) wie mouth bottle w/screw cap 62 x 120 mm aapter, PET b (pkg/2) (pkg/6) polycarbonate wie mouth bottle w/screw cap 62 x 120 mm aapter, PET (pkg/2) (pkg/25) polycarbonate opentop tube 29 x 104 mm 40 aapter, (pkg/25) polycarbonate tube w/snap-on cap 29 x 104 mm 40 aapter, (pkg/6) polycarbonate bottle assy w/liqui-tight cap assy 29 x 104 mm 42 aapter, (pkg/6) polyallomer bottle assy w/liqui-tight cap assy 29 x 104 mm 34 aapter, (pkg/25) polycarbonate bottle w/screw cap 29 x 104 mm 34 aapter, (pkg/25) polyallomer bottle w/screw cap 29 x 104 mm 42 aapter, (pkg/25) thickwall tube w/snap-on cap 29 x 104 mm 31 aapter, natural 29-mm cap re 29-mm cap green 29-mm cap yellow 29-mm cap blue 29-mm cap c c c c c (pkg/25) thickwall open-top tube 29 x 104 mm 50 aapter, (pkg/25) polycarbonate tube w/snap-on cap 29 x 104 mm 40 aapter, conical tube 29 x 115 mm aapter, conical tube 17 x 120 mm 15 ml aapter, /05B 7

11 Part Number Tube Description Dimensions an Volume Max. Fill Volume (ml) Require Accessory Description Part Number Max. Spee a (rpm) roun-bottom tube 17 x 120 mm 15 ml aapter, roun-bottom tube 13 x 100 mm 7 ml aapter, Delrin e roun-bottom tube 12 x 75 mm 4 ml aapter, Delrin e a Maximum spees liste are guielines only. b Polyethylene teraphthalate. c Polypropylene; package of 25. Commercially available. Observe manufacturer s spee an fill volume guielines. e Delrin is a registere traemark of E.I. Du Pont e Nemours & Company. To ensure leak-proof performance, especially at forces greater than xg or when spinning hazarous materials, sealing cap assemblies (cap an gasket) shoul be use. Other special purpose caps, mae for low temperature storage or to resist aggressive chemicals are specifie as such by their respective manufacturers. For certain applications, roun-bottom or conical-bottom tubes may also be use with appropriate aapters for support uring centrifugation. These types of bottles are typically specifie with reuce g-force rating. Check with the manufacturer for the maximum g-force rating of your bottle. There are several ifferent polymeric materials use in the construction of centrifuge bottles. Each material offer ifferent kins of resistance to solvents, ph, temperatures, environments, autoclaving an stress crack. Eventually, however, all of these materials will evelop stresscracks from continue use. Consult with the bottle manufacturer to select the correct type that will suit your application, an eliver esire performance an cost. Glass tubes or bottles are rarely use in a high-spee rotor. However, if glass tubes are to be use, follow manufacturer s instructions to sure that the material can withstan the require g-forces. 8 04/05B

12 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL 6. Rotor Care, Cleaning an Disinfecting The rotor boy oes not nee washing an cleaning after every run. However, perioic washing uner warm water, using a mil etergent solution will help reuce the amount of salt eposits from spills an permit easy placement of sample bottles in the rotor cavities. FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE s specially formulate LabCARE, also known as FIBERClene is esigne to exten the life of your carbon fiber rotor, as well as to provie an effective, ecologically safe cleaner for general cleaning purposes. Please observe the following: Do not use any sharp objects or tools on the rotor an any of its components. Use only soft bristle brush to remove ry salts that might be eposite in the cavities or other locations unreachable by han. The rotor contains some anoize metallic components, such as the hub, li-knob an tieown screw. Do not allow any salts or corrosive chemicals to accumulate over these components. Wash them perioically or, as require after each run. Regularly check the conition of o-rings. Replace worn, cracke or amage o-rings. This rotor utilizes o-rings for proper sealing of the cavities to maintain atmospheric pressure in the rotor uring the run. All rotor o-rings an the surfaces of the o-ring slots (they are place in) must be kept clean, an always lightly grease, using a silicon vacuum grease. O-ring refresher kit inclues two li O-rings, two tie-own screw O-rings, an 1 oz. of silicone vacuum grease. Air-ry all rotor components; o not wash any rotor components in a ishwasher. Do not soak in etergent solutions for long perios, i.e. overnight. After some usage, the painte an unpainte surfaces of the rotor may evelop hairline checking. This checking is not structural an will not aversely affect the life an performance of your rotor. Disinfecting, sterilization, econtamination Col isinfection methos such as ethanol (70%) or bleach (10%) are recommene for this rotor. However, ethanol isinfecting shoul be one away from the centrifuge at a location, i.e., a vent hoo, safe for hanling flammable liquis. Wash all rotor components thoroughly with water to remove resiual ethanol, bleach or other solutions. Autoclaving is not recommene for this rotor. 04/05B 9

13 Note: FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE offers no guarantee, implie or expresse, effectiveness of sterility or isinfecting with respect to proceures an materials mentione in this ocument. Sterility, isinfecting or econtamination methos shoul be selecte in consultation with the laboratory safety officer of your institution. A rotor contaminate with raioactive material must be econtaminate with a solution that will not amage the anoize surfaces of the metallic components or painte surfaces of the rotor boy. Solutions such as Racon Surface Spray or IsoClean Solution (for soaking) an Raiacwash are suitable. Most of these solutions are available from most supply catalogues, such as those publishe by VWR, Fisher, Cole Parmer, etc. For regular cleaning an maintenance purposes, FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE s LabCARE /FIBERClene will suffice. 7. In Case of Trouble - What To Do The most common problem is spillage of sample uring the run from loosely cappe bottles an the resulting imbalance, bent shafts an/or rotor freezing over the spinle. If a bottle evelops a significant leak in the mile of the run, there coul be some amage to the rive assembly an the centrifuge chamber cause by the grossly unbalance rotor. It is strongly recommene, therefore, that bottles are re-use only for the number of times (or less if subjecte to aggressive chemicals) recommene by the manufacturer. Do not try to lift a frozen rotor by excessive force or by swaying it. If not remove immeiately, rotors may stick to the spinles of some high-spee centrifuges ue to conensation that quickly freeze over the spinle. In such a case, leave the rotor in the centrifuge an let the centrifuge chamber come own to room temperature. Then, try lifting the rotor again. If you still cannot remove the rotor, call Beckman Coulter Fiel Service for assistance. 8. Prouct Return Proceure RETURNING A ROTOR Before returning a rotor or accessory for any reason, prior permission (a Returne Goos Authorization form) must be obtaine from Beckman Coulter, Inc. This RGA form may be obtaine from your local Beckman Coulter sales office, an shoul contain the following information: 10 04/05B

14 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL serial number of rotor, history of use (approximate frequency of use), reason for the return, original purchase orer number, billing number, an shipping number, if possible, name an phone number of the person to be notifie upon receipt of the rotor or accessory at the factory, an name an phone number of the person to be notifie about repair costs, etc. To protect our personnel, it is the customer s responsibility to ensure that the parts are free from pathogens an/or raioactivity. Sterilization an econtamination must be one before returning the parts. Smaller items (such as tubes, bottles, etc.) shoul be enclose in a seale plastic bag. All parts must be accompanie by a note, plainly visible on the outsie of the box or bag, stating that they are safe to hanle an that they are not contaminate with pathogens or raioactivity. Failure to attach this notification will result in return or isposal of the items without review of the reporte problem. Use the aress label printe on the RGA form when mailing the rotor an/or accessories to: Beckman Coulter, Inc Page Mill Roa Palo Alto, CA Attention: Returne Goos Customers locate in the Unite States shoul call for assistance. Customers locate outsie the Unite States shoul contact their local Beckman Coulter office. 9. Fiel Rotor Inspection Program (FRIP) Beckman Coulter, Inc. offers a free Rotor Inspection Program that is available to our customers at no charge. If you have rotors that have been in use for many years, you may wish to have an evaluation conucte at your premises to ensure their continue viability without potential anger of failure. For more information on requesting this service from your local representative, please call /05B 11

15 10. Warranty Statement FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE, INC./Piramoon Technologies, Inc. esigns, manufactures an sells centrifugation proucts incorporating avance composites technology. FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE is the exclusive an sole provier of this limite warranty (the warranty ) for its Proucts offere at the time of purchase. FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE s composite rotors are manufacture to be irect replacements of conventional rotors an to run in certain existing moels of centrifuges sol by other manufacturers. The F10BCI-6x500y rotor has been esigne an teste for safety an compatibility when run in the Beckman Coulter, Inc. Avanti J an HP series centrifuges (except Avanti J-HC). Rotors manufacture of avance composite materials have performance characteristics an maintenance requirements that are ifferent from rotors of metallic construction. The owners are strongly urge to rea the instruction manual to familiarize themselves with these requirements. Failure to follow the instructions may voi the limite warranty provie below. LIMITED WARRANTY Effective April 2005, an subject to the conitions specifie below, the FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE F10BCI-6x500y rotor is warrante against efects of material an workmanship which evelop within 7 years after elivery by an authorize FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE istributor, provie that investigation an factory inspection by FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE iscloses that such efect evelope uner normal an proper use, such use incluing, but not limite to spees not in excess of the maximum spee of the rotor (properly reuce for certain flui ensities, flui graients, tube assemblies, an aapters) as specifie in the instruction manual. FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE will correct either by repair or, at its iscretion, by replacement any efects of material or workmanship which evelop within the warranty perio. Furthermore, shoul a centrifuge be amage ue to the failure of a FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE rotor covere by this limite warranty, FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE will, at its iscretion, repair or replace the rotor an will assume the cost of repairing the amage centrifuge. CONDITIONS: 1. This warranty may not be assigne, extene or otherwise transferre to a thir party without the prior written consent of FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE. 2. This warranty covers rotors only an FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE shall not be liable for amage to accessories or ancillary supplies incluing but not limite to seals, o-rings, bottles an tubes, bottle an tube caps, bottle an tube aapters, or bottle an tube contents. 3. This warranty is voi if the rotor is operate or maintaine in a manner contrary to the instructions in the User s manual for either the rotor or the centrifuge, or if the rotor is moifie without the written permission of FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE /05B

16 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL Rotor Replacement Any rotor claime to be efective must, if requeste by FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE, be returne to the factory, transportation charges prepai, an will be returne to the owner transportation charges collect unless the prouct is foun to be efective, in which case FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE will pay all transportation charges. DISCLAIMER IT IS EXPRESSLY AGREED THAT THE ABOVE LIMITED WARRANTY STATES FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE S ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY AND BUYER S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY CLAIM OR DAMAGES OF GOODS OR PARTS, THEIR DESIGN, SUITABILITY FOR USE, INSTALLATION OR OPERATION. THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL BE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTY OF FITNESS AND THE WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, WHICH ARE HEREIN EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. FURTHERMORE, FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE MANUFACTURE, USE, SALE, HANDLING, REPAIR, MAINTENANCE, OR REPLACEMENT OF THE PRODUCT; AND, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS LIMITED WARRANTY, FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE S LIABILITY SHALL NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEED THE CONTRACT PRICE FOR THE PRODUCTS FOR WHICH LIABILITY IS CLAIMED. 04/05B 13

17 Glossary Angular velocity, ω: rate of rotation, measure in raians per secon (ω = 2π rpm/60 or ω = x rpm) Anoization: an electrochemical coating on aluminum surfaces for corrosion resistance buoyant ensity: the ensity of a particle in a specific meium centrifugal effect: accumulate value of: t 2 t 1 ω 2 t where t is time an ω is angular velocity Centrifugal Force: in a centrifugal fiel, the force which causes a particle to move away from the center of rotation clearing factor, k: calculate for FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE rotors as a measure of the rotor s relative pelleting efficiency: ln (r max /r min ) k = x ω OR x ln (r max /r min ) k = (RPM/1000) 2 clearing time, t : in this simple formula, t = k/s, where t is time in hours, k is the clearing factor of the rotor, an s is the seimentation coefficient in Sveberg units (S) ensity: mass per unit of volume (g/ml) ensity separation: a centrifugal separation process base on ifferences in particle ensities ifferential separation: a centrifugal separation process base on ifferences in size between particles fixe angle rotor: a rotor in which the tubes are hel at an angle (usually 20 to 45 egrees) from the axis of rotation isopycnic: a metho of particle separation or isolation base on particle buoyant ensity; seimentation equilibrium (often one with CsCl graients); particles are centrifuge until they reach a point in the graient where the ensity of the particle is the same as the ensity of the graient at that point maximum volume: the maximum volume to which a tube shoul be fille for centrifugation (sometimes referre to as maximum fill volume or nominal fill volume) near vertical tube rotor: a rotor in which the tubes are hel at a slight angle (usually 7 to 10 egrees) from the axis of rotation pelleting: a centrifugal separation where particles in a sample seiment to the bottom of the tube (ifferential centrifugation); ifferential centrifugation separates particles of ifferent sizes by successive centrifugation steps of progressively higher g-force an/or longer run uration polyallomer: ranom block copolymer of ethylene an propylene use for some thin-wall, thickwall ultra centrifuge tubes 14 04/05B

18 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE ROTOR USER MANUAL rate zonal: a metho of particle separation, base on ifferential rate of seimentation, using a pre-forme graient with the sample layere as a zone on top of the graient relative centrifugal fiel (RCF): the ratio of the centrifugal acceleration at a specifie raius an spee (rω 2 ) to the stanar acceleration of gravity (g) accoring to the following formula: rω 2 RCF = g where r is the raius in millimeters, ω is the angular velocity in raians per secon (2πRPM/60), an g is the stanar acceleration of gravity (9807 mm/s 2 ). Thus the relationship between RCF an RPM is: ( ) RPM RCF = 1.12r 1000 r max the position of the liqui in the tube at the maximum istance from the axis of rotation when the rotor is at spee (maximum raius, in mm) r min the position of the liqui in the tube at the minimum istance from the axis of rotation when the rotor is at spee (minimum raius, in mm) seimentation: the settling out of particles from a suspension in the earth s fiel of gravity; in the centrifuge this process is accelerate an the particles move away from the axis of rotation seimentation coefficient, s : seimentation velocity per unit of centrifugal force: r 1 s = x t ω 2 r supernatant: the liqui above the seimente material following centrifugation Sveberg units, S: a unit of seimentation velocity is: 1S = secons swinging bucket rotor: a rotor in which the tubes or bottles are carrie in buckets or racks that swing up to the horizontal position uring centrifugation (sometimes referre to as a horizontal or swing-out rotor) vertical tube rotor: a rotor in which the tubes or bottles are hel parallel to the axis of rotation wettable tubes: tubes mae of a material that is impervious to aherence of solutes Patents an Traemarks Notice 2 FIBERLite CENTRIFUGE proucts are covere by a series of U.S. an International invention patents, which protect the proprietary nature of the company s carbon fiber composite rotors, as well as to istinguish them from conventional metallic rotors. For etaile escription of sai patents, please see the company s web site: 04/05B 15