Design Check Items. Mounting SFF SFM MODEL

Transcription

1 SFF SFM MODEL Design Check Items Mounting SFF/SFM models are finished-assembly products. The concentricity of the right and left inner diameters of the coupling is set by assembling the parts with high precision using a specialized jig. Be careful when handling the product in the case of a strong shock to the coupling because it might be damaged during use due to assembly accuracy unable to be maintained. (1) Make sure that the pressure bolts of the coupling are loosened, and remove dust, dirt, and oil, etc. from the shaft and the inner diameter part of the coupling. (Grease should be wiped away with a cloth, etc., or by degreasing as required.) SFF model SFM model SERVO FLEX SFF SFM (2) When inserting the coupling into the motor shaft, make sure that no excessive force such as compression, tension, etc. is applied to the element. (3) Make sure that the insertion length of the coupling into the motor shaft is kept in the position where the target shaft is in contact with the entire length of the flange hub of the coupling (LF dimension) as illustrated below. SFF model LF SFM model LF LF LF Coupling size (SFF-SS/DS) Pressure bolt M6 M6 M6 M6 Tightening torque [N m] Coupling size (SFM-SS/DS) Pressure bolt M6 M6 M6 M8 Tightening torque [N m] (7) Confirm if the pressure bolts of the motor shaft side are tightened to the specified torque and the value of parallel offset is small enough. Size (SFF-SS/DS) LF [mm] (8) Fix the motor mounted coupling in the machine. At this time, adjust the motor mounting position (inlay) while inserting the coupling into the spindle or feed screw. Check if there is no deformation of the plate spring. Also check if the insertion length of the mating shaft is the dimension LF of the dimension table. (9) The space between flange hubs (S) must be within the permissible error of the axial displacement in the basic value table. However, the value is allowable when the parallel offset and angular misalignment are assumed to be (zero). Adjust to achieve them to be as small as possible. Size (SFM-SS/DS) LF [mm] SFF model SFM model (4) Tighten the pressure bolts lightly diagonally by using a bore for rotation prevention. S S (5) Apply a dial gauge to the flange edge or outer diameter of the motor side. While rotating the motor shaft lightly by hand, perform hammer adjustment on the flange periphery and edge so that the parallel offset will be reduced to as close as zero. Size (SFF-SS/DS) S dimensions [mm] Size (SFM-SS/DS) S dimensions [mm] (6) While performing hammer adjustment, tighten the pressure bolts in sequence. Finally, use a calibrated torque wrench and tighten all the pressure bolts at the appropriate tightening torque as shown in the table below. Also, refer to the following drawing for the sequence to tighten the pressure bolts, and make sure that the bolts are tightened equally. (1) As in the sequence for the pressure bolts on the motor shaft side, sequentially tighten the pressure bolts on either the spindle side or the feed screw side. Finally, tighten the bolts at the appropriate tightening torque. (11) As a countermeasure against initial loosening of the pressure bolts, it is recommended to additionally tighten the bolts with the appropriate tightening torque after a certain period of operation. 54 COUPLING_E_42_55new.indd /15/1 4:26 PM

2 Dismounting (1) Confi rm if any torque or axial direction load does not act on the coupling. Torque may be applied to the coupling when a safety break control system is activated. Make sure no torque is applied to the coupling. (2) Loosen all the bolts pressurizing the sleeve. For the SFM model, loosen the bolts about 2mm from the sleeve edge. For the SFF model, loosen the bolts about 2mm from the bearing surface. SFF model About 2mm SFM model About 2mm (3) Remove three pressure bolts loosened in (2) (two bolts for the sizes 7 and 8 of SFF model) and insert them into the screw bores for dismounting located on the sleeve. Tighten them alternately little by little. Locking of the fl ange hub and shaft will be released For the SFM model, hexagon socket head cap screws are used as its pressure bolt. Therefore, a space for L wrench must be considered in the design phase. If there is not a space in the axial direction, insert a flat-head screwdriver into the A part and tap in a direction perpendicular to the shaft, or use the principle of leverage to release locking. At this time, take extra care not to damage the coupling or pressure bolt. SFF model Part A SFM model Part A SERVO FLEX SFF SFM In the tapered shaft fastening method that tightens the pressure bolts from the axial direction, the sleeve has a selflocking mechanism so that loosening the bolts does not release locking of the fl ange hub and shaft. (In some cases, locking force could be released by just loosening the pressure bolts.) Therefore, a space for inserting a dismounting screw must be considered in the coupling design phase. SFF model X SFM model X X 28 X-X X *39 *34 X-X Note) In the case of SFM-14, apply dimension with *. The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. COUPLING_E_42_55new.indd 55 CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 55 9/15/1 4:26 PM

3 SFH MODEL The Largest Model Among SERVO FLEX: Metal Plate Spring Couplings The maximum flange outer diameter is ø 262 mm and the permissible torque is 8 N m. The most rigid S type has a torsional stiffness of 1,78, N m/rad at maximum. This series is available with the high-flexibility G type, where a high-rigidity single-element S type and two elements are positioned respectively and are jointed with a fl oating shaft at the middle part. This is also available for length setting according to customers requests. PLATE SPRING OF IDEAL FORM SERVO FLEX SFH High Rigidity, High Flexibility A high transmission torque has been realized by thorough analysis using the advanced finite element method (FEM) and torque transmission using six bolts. This is available with a choice between the high-rigidity type with one element and the other type with a configurable spacer length. TORQUE THRUST BENDING RADIAL 56 COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd /15/1 4:28 PM

4 Specially Designed for Realizing High Transmission Torque High transmission torque has been realized by thorough analysis using the advanced fi nite element method and torque transmission using six bolts. The floating shaft type is also available with fl exible length setting according to customers requests. SFH-G type SERVO FLEX SFH SFH MODEL COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd 57 Atención al Cliente /15/1 4:29 PM

5 SFH MODEL High-transmission-torque SFH Pilot bore item +Key/set screw processing High-rigidity single element High-flexibility double element Floating shaft length indication High-rigidity single element High-flexibility double element Floating shaft length indication SFH- S SFH- G SFH- G LS= SFH- S- H- H SFH- G- H- H SFH- G- H- H LS= Structure and Material SERVO FLEX SFH SFH-S Element material: Plate spring SUS34 Collar Equivalent of S45C SFH-G Element material: Plate spring SUS34 Collar Equivalent of S45C Spacer material: Equivalent of S45C Surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish Reamer bolt material: SCM435 Surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish Flange hub material: Equivalent of S45C Surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish Reamer bolt material: SCM435 Surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish Flange hub material: Equivalent of S45C Surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish 58 COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd /15/1 4:29 PM

6 Specially Designed for Realizing High Transmission Torque A high transmission torque has been realized by thorough analysis using the advanced finite element method (FEM) and torque transmission using six bolts. Available to Assemble in Parts The product can be delivered in parts, so that this can be used even for designs where parts cannot be mounted on the finished item. Freely Chosen Mounting Method This can also be provided with pilot bore items. The mounting method can be selected freely from other than the key/set screw method such as the embedding friction lock element or shaft fixing using shrink fi tting. SERVO FLEX SFH SFH MODEL COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd 59 Atención al Cliente /15/1 4:29 PM

7 SFH MODEL SFH-S Specification Model Permissible torque [N m] Max. permissible misalignment Parallel offset [mm] Angular misalignment [ ] Axial displacement [mm] Max. rotation speed [min 1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia SFH-15S 7 1 ± SFH-17S 13 1 ± SFH-19S 2 1 ± SFH-21S 4 1 ± SFH-22S 5 1 ± SFH-26S 8 1 ± * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. [kg m 2 ] Mass [kg] Price Dimensions F L SERVO FLEX SFH LF S LF K D N d1 Reamer bolt M d2 Model d1 d2 Pilot bore Min. Max. D N L LF S F K M SFH-15S M8 x 36 SFH-17S M1 x 45 SFH-19S M12 x 55 SFH-21S M16 x 6 SFH-22S M16 x 6 SFH-26S M2 x 8 * Pilot bores are drilled bores. For additional processing, refer to the Standard bore processing specifi cation on page 62. Unit [mm] CAD file No. Ordering Information SFH - 15 S - 38 H - 38 H Size Type: S Single element Bore diameter: d1- d2 with standard bore processing Blank: Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance H: New JIS compliance N: New standard motor compliance * Blank if bore processing is not required 6 COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd 6 9/15/1 4:29 PM

8 SFH MODEL SFH-G Specification Model Permissible torque [N m] Max. permissible misalignment Parallel offset [mm] Angular misalignment [ ] Axial displacement [mm] Max. rotation speed [min -1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia SFH-15G (one side) ± SFH-17G (one side) ± SFH-19G (one side) ± SFH-21G (one side) ± SFH-22G (one side) ± SFH-26G (one side) ± * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. [kg m 2 ] Mass [kg] Price Dimensions F L LF S LS S LF K D N SERVO FLEX SFH d1 Reamer bolt M d2 Model d1 d2 Pilot bore Min. Max. D N L LF LS S F K M SFH-15G M8 x 36 SFH-17G M1 x 45 SFH-19G M12 x 55 SFH-21G M16 x 6 SFH-22G M16 x 6 SFH-26G M2 x 8 * Specify the required LS dimensions when requiring products other than the above LS dimensions. Contact us if the LS is equal or greater than 1. * Pilot bores are drilled bores. For additional processing, refer to the Standard bore processing specifi cation on page 62. Unit [mm] CAD file No. Ordering Information SFH - 15 G - 38 H - 38 H LS=5 Size Length of spacer * Blank if standard spacer Type: G Double element Floating shaft Bore diameter: d1- d2 with standard bore processing Blank: Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance H: New JIS compliance N: New standard motor compliance * Blank if bore processing is not required The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd 61 CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 61 9/15/1 4:29 PM

9 SFH MODEL Standard Bore Processing Specification Dimensions Bore processing is available upon request. Products are stored with pilot bores. Bores are machined based on the following specification. Assign as described below when ordering. E.g.) SFH-15S-32H-35H The positions of set screws will not be on the same plane. For the standardized sizes other than described below, refer to the technical data at the end of the catalog. SFH-S SFH-G W1 T2 W2 W1 W2 T1 T1 T2 d2 M d1 M M d1 M d2 Unit [mm] Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance New JIS compliance New standard motor compliance SERVO FLEX SFH Nominal bore dia. Bore diameter (d1-d2) Keyway width (W1 W2) Keyway height (T1 T2) Set screw bore (M) Nominal bore dia. Bore diameter (d1-d2) Keyway width (W1 W2) Keyway height (T1 T2) Set screw bore (M) Nominal bore dia. Bore diameter (d1-d2) Keyway width (W1 W2) Tolerance H7 E9 Tolerance H7 H9 Tolerance G7, F7 H M6 22H M M6 24H M6 24N M M6 25H M M6 28H M6 28N M M6 3H M M8 32H M M8 35H M M8 38H M8 38N M M8 4H M M8 42H M8 42N M M8 45H M1 Keyway height (T1 T2) Set screw bore (M) M8 48H M1 48N M M1 5H M M1 55H M1 55N M M1 56H M M1 6H M1 6N M M1 65H M1 65N M M1 7H M M1 75H M1 75N M M1 8H M M12 85H M12 85N M M12 9H M M12 95H M12 95N M M12 1H M M12 115H M12 Distance from the edge surface of set screw Size Distance [mm] Centering and finishing in flange bore drilling SFH model is a parts-delivered product. According to the fi gure right, check the center run-out of each size by the fl ange hub outer diameter. Adjust the chuck to achieve the following accuracy and finish the inner diameter. COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd 62 Chuck d Flange hub 9/15/1 4:29 PM

10 SFH MODEL Design Check Items Selection procedure (1) Calculate torque Ta applied to the coupling based on the motor output P and coupling operating rotation speed n. Ta [N m] = 955 (2) Calculate corrected torque Td applied to the coupling after deciding the service factor K based on load conditions. Td = Ta K (see below) P [kw] n [min 1 ] Load character Constant Fluctuations: Slight Fluctuations: Medium Fluctuations: Large How to evaluate the eigenfrequency of feed-screw system (1) Select the coupling according to the normal operating torque and maximum torque of the servo motor/stepping motor. (See the selection procedure on the left.) (2) In the following feed-screw system, evaluate the entire eigenfrequency: Nf from the torsional stiffness: K of the coupling and feed screw, the moment of inertia: J1 of the driving side and the moment of inertia: J2 of the driven side. Motor Coupling Feed screw Table Bearing In servo motor drive, multiply the service factor K=1.2 to 1.5 by the maximum torque of servo motor Ts. Td = Ts (1.2 to 1.5) (3) Select the size in order that the coupling permissible torque Tn becomes equal or greater than the corrected torque Td. Tn Td (4) Depending on the bore diameters, the coupling permissible torque may be limited. Refer to the Specification and Standard bore diameter. (5) Confirm if the required shaft diameter does not exceed the maximum bore diameter of the coupling. For machines whose load torques periodically fluctuate drastically, contact us. Nf: Eigenfrequency of the entire feed-screw system [Hz] k : Torsional stiffness of the coupling and feed screw [N m/rad] J1: Moment of inertia of the driving side [kg m 2 ] J2: Moment of inertia of the driven side [kg m 2 ] J1 J2 SERVO FLEX SFH Feed-screw systems Oscillation phenomena of servo motors If the eigenfrequency of the entire feed-screw system is under 4 to 5Hz, oscillation may occur depending on the gain adjustment of the servo motor. An oscillation phenomenon of a servo motor occurs mainly by the problem of the eigenfrequency of the entire feed-screw system and the electric control system. These problems can be avoided by raising the eigenfrequency of the mechanical system from the design phase or adjusting the tuning function (filter function) of the servo motor. Resonance caused by stepping motors It is a phenomenon that occurs within a certain rotation speed range by the pulsation frequency of the stepping motor and the eigenfrequency of the entire system. Resonance can be avoided by not applying the resonant rotation speed, or by reviewing the eigenfrequency in the design phase. Contact us for unclear points concerning ocsillation phenomena of servo motors and resonance of stepping motors. The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd 63 CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 63 9/15/1 4:29 PM

11 SFH MODEL Design Check Items Operating limit rotation speed For the SFH-G long spacer type, the rotation speed at which it can be operated differs according to the spacer length selected. Check the table below and make sure that the operating rotation speed is equal or lower than the operating limit rotation speed. (2) Insert a flange hub into the target shaft. Make sure that the insertion length of the coupling is maintained so that the target shaft is in contact with the entire length of the flange hub (LF dimension) as illustrated below SFH-S type SFH-G type LF LF LF LF 6 SFH-15G SFH-17G 5 SFH-19G 4 SFH-21G SFH-22G SFH-26G 3 SERVO FLEX SFH Operating limit rotation speed [min 1 ] Mounting Floating length [mm] Coupling size (SFH-S/G) LF dimension [mm] (3) Install the other flange hub on the target shaft as in (1) and (2). (4) Center the shaft (parallel offset and angular misalignment) with the flange hub inserted and adjust the shaft intervals. (5) For the SFH-S type, move the flange hub parallel to the shaft, insert an element between the two flange hubs, and temporarily assemble it using reamer bolts, a collar, and hexagon nuts. For the SFH-G type, insert reamer bolts into both flanges from the flange side and temporarily assemble it using hexagon nuts through the element and collar. After doing this, move the flange hub parallel to the shaft, insert a spacer between the two flange hubs, and temporarily assemble it using reamer bolts, a collar, and hexagon nuts. (6) Make sure that the dimension between flange hub parts (S dimension) is kept within the axial displacement tolerance set for the basic value. However, this value is a permissible value assuming that both parallel offset and angular misalignment values are zero. Adjust the value to be as small as possible. The SFH model is a parts-delivered product. Shafts are linked after installing the flange hub on each shaft, centering the flange hub, and fi nally installing the element (spacer). The SFH-S type can even insert shafts after assembling couplings by installing elements on the flange hub and centering them. SFH-S type S SFH-G type S S Flange hub Reamer bolt Element Spacer Hexagon nut Collar (1) Remove dust, dirt, and oil, etc. from the shaft and the innerdiameter part of the flange hub. (Grease should be wiped away with a waste cloth, etc. or by degreasing as required.) Coupling size (SFH-S/G) S dimension [mm] (7) Check that the element is not deformed. If any deformation is found, the following can be considered: unnecessary force has been applied in the axial direction or there is a lack of lubrication among the collar, bolts, and plate spring. Adjust the deformation so that it is corrected to normal. On the reamer bolt-bearing surface, this might be improved by coating a small amount of machine oil. However, do not use oils such as those containing molybdic extreme-pressure agents. 64 COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd /15/1 4:29 PM

12 Example of mounting (8) To tighten reamer bolts, use a calibrated torque wrench at the appropriate tightening torque for all the bolts. Coupling size (SFH-S/G) Reamer bolt M8 M1 M12 M16 M16 M2 Tightening torque [N m] SFH-G This is a combination of standard bore processed items. Although processing can be performed by Miki Pulley, customers can also drill the pilot bore items freely. (9) If key/set screw method is selected for mounting the flange hub to the shaft, fix the flange hub to the shaft with set screws. Centering method Parallel Offset (ε) Fix the dial gauge on one side of the shaft and read the runout of the outer periphery of the other fl ange while rotating the shaft. The models (SFH-S type) with one pair of elements (plate springs) do not allow parallel offset and should be moved close to. For Models whose full length can be set freely (SFH-G type), use the following formula to calculate the permissible parallel offset values. ε = tan θ LG ε : Permissible parallel offset θ : 1 SFH-S This is an example where a pilot bore-type flange hub is processed for POSI LOCK PSL-K, one of Miki Pulley s shaft locks, and combined with the standard pilot drilled bore fl ange hub. POSI LOCK PSL-K SERVO FLEX SFH LS = LS+S LS: Full length of space S : Dimension between flange on one side and spacer LG Anglular Misalignment (θ) Fix the dial gauge on one side of the shaft and read the run-out of the edge surface near the outer periphery of the other fl ange while rotating the shaft. Adjust run-out B so that (θ 1 ) can be accomplished. SFH-S Special This is a combination of a flange hub processed for the servo motor taper shaft and a fl ange hub processed for Miki Pulley s shaft lock PSL-G. S D B = D tan θ B: Run-out D: Flange outer diameter θ : 1 POSI LOCK PSL-G Radial Displacement (S) The face-to-face dimension between flange hubs (S) must be within the permissible error of the axial displacement in the basic value. However, the value is allowable when the parallel offset and angular misalignment are assumed to be (zero). Adjust to achieve them to be as small as possible. * The S dimension of SFH-S is a dimension between two flange hubs. The S dimension of SFH-G is a dimension between a flange hub and a spacer. The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. COUPLING_E_56_65new.indd 65 CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 65 9/15/1 4:29 PM

13 Customize At Miki Pulley, customized products according to customer needs are also developed using a thorough system. Useful products will surely be delivered to customers even if they are not satisfied with the catalog specifications. SFC model Specification without anodic coating film SFC model Specification for SERVO FLEX with a slit plate SERVO FLEX Customize The standard-specification SFC model applies anodic coating on its main body. Without coating the surface, generation of gas under a vacuum environment is prevented. It is also suitable for use of equipment such as semiconductor-manufacturing machines, etc. under a vacuum environment. SFC model Specification for SERVO FLEX with edge-part tap bores This specification supports position detection sensors such as encoders, photo sensors, etc. by installing a slit plate between hubs. SFC model Specification for SERVO FLEX with a long spacer By drilling tap bores on the hub edge, a position detection sensor such as slit plate, etc., can be installed. This is a specification for long intervals between installation shafts. It is also available for synchronization of the gantry mechanism, etc. 66 COUPLING_E_66_69new.indd /15/1 4:3 PM

14 SFC model Assembly specification SFS-G type This is a special-order specification-assembled SERVO FLEX SFC model with POSI LOCK (shaft lock) PSL-K, a timing pulley, and shaft. SFS model Electroless nickel plating specification This is a long spacer specifi cation extending the standard SFS- G-type spacer. This specification is for long intervals between installation shafts. It is especially used for printing machines with a line shaft specification. SFF model W clamp specification SERVO FLEX Customize This is a specification with electroless nickel plating for the standard-specification SFS model. It is often requested under a clean environment. It is especially used for liquid crystal equipment, printing machines (film coaters), etc. The SFF model for machine tools normally uses friction locking by tightening from the axial direction. If the clamp method is used, work such as installation and position adjustment will be easier. Also, the SFF model has high rigidity because iron is used as its material. It is suitable for the feed shaft of machine tools. CUSTOMIZE COUPLING_E_66_69new.indd 67 Atención al Cliente /15/1 4:3 PM

15 Application SERVO FLEX SFC model for the 6-axis stage system SERVO FLEX SFC model for the θ -axis rotation stage SERVO FLEX SFC model for the θ -axis swivel stage SERVO FLEX SFC model for the gantry mechanism SERVO FLEX Application SERVO FLEX SFC model for the semiconductor wafer-lifting shaft SERVO FLEX SFC model wafer stage X-axis with a semiconductormanufacturing machine stepper for the Y-axis Wafer holder Wafer Ball screw Servo motor Ball screw Servo motor 68 COUPLING_E_66_69new.indd /15/1 4:3 PM

16 SERVO FLEX SFM model for machine tools for the machining center main shaft SERVO FLEX SFF model for machine tools for the feed shaft of the X- and Z-axes on the numeric value control disk SERVO FLEX Application SERVO FLEX SFS-G type and SFH-G type for printing machines with line shaft specifications COUPLING_E_66_69new.indd 69 Atención al Cliente /15/1 4:3 PM

17 Jaw Couplings With A Simplified Structure Tucking A Buffer Material Between Two Hubs Features of Buffer Material STAR FLEX, the flexible couplings, are derived as the result of mikipulley s technology developed by long years of experiences and support by the advance CAE system. For the element as a buffer material, three types of couplings are provided with two different hardness and two different fitting designs. High transmission torque compared to our conventional couplings has been achieved. An optimal shaft linkage is thus provided by selecting the couplings according to the responsiveness and the amount of misalignment. SOFT TIGHT HARD TIGHT HARD LOOSE STARFLEX 7

18 Atención al Cliente

19 STARFLEX Jaw Couplings with a Simplified Structure Power is transferred by the polyurethane elastomer with the elastic force of rubber, which has superior vibration and shock absorbability. High torque transmission that is more than double that of conventional mikipulley s jaw couplings is achieved by pursuing the optimal shape. Although it is a high transmission torque, misalignment reaction force has been signifi cantly reduced by undercuts of the inner diameter side. While use with no backlash is available by a design allowing preliminary compression (ALS-R ALS-Y), the couplings can be used for the target shaft or bearing with damage-free. Also, the couplings are compliant with the EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive, RoHS Direcctive, that prohibits six hazardous materials such as mercury, lead, and others. Optimal design by 3D-CAD and FEM analysis The advanced CAE system is utilized in the starting stage of design. Models are designed by using 3D-CAD. Shapes and strength design are optimized by using the advanced fi nite element method (FEM) analysis software. THRUST TORQUE THRUST TORQUE With optimally designed element shapes, higher torque transmission and reduced misalignment reaction force are realized. High torque transmission that is more than double that of mikipulley s conventional jaw couplings with respect to the outside diameter is achieved by modifying the shape of the torque transmitting part and rigorously selecting materials. Moreover, ALS-B type with uncompressed loose fi t shape can increase the permissible misalignment by modifying the torque transmission part to crowning shape. In addition, no backlash couplings that are easy on the target shafts are realized by placing undercuts to the inner diameter side to reduce the misalignment reduction force. Torque transmitting part Straight shape Torque transmitting part Circular shape Convex shape (Crowning shape) Undercut Conventional element STAR FLEX element with a circular shape torque transmission part The torque transmission part of ALS-B type element has a crowning shape Undercut common to all models 72

20 FULL LINEUP RED (HARD TIGHT) Element hardness: 97 JIS A Preliminary compressed tight fi t shape No hazardous substances used, RoHS Directive compliant High torque Simplifi ed servo For stepping motor For general purpose motor YELLOW (SOFT TIGHT) Element hardness: 9 JIS A Preliminary compressed tight fi t shape No hazardous substances used, RoHS Directive compliant Simplifi ed servo For stepping motor For general purpose motor BLUE (HARD LOOSE) Element hardness: 97 JIS A Uncompressed loose fi t shape No hazardous substances used, RoHS Directive compliant High torque, high fl exibility For general purpose motor Atención al Cliente

21 ALS MODEL STAR FLEX ALS Element RED (HARD/TIGHT) Element YELLOW (SOFT/TIGHT) Element BLUE (HARD/LOOSE) Pilot bore item Key/set screw type Clamp type Pilot bore item Key/set screw type Clamp type Pilot bore item Key/set screw type Clamp type ALS- -R ALS- -R- H- H ALS- -R- B- B ALS- -Y ALS- -Y- H- H ALS- -Y- B- B ALS- -B ALS- -B- H- H ALS- -B- B- B Structure and Material Pilot bore item Key/set screw type Clamp type Hub Material: Aluminum alloy Element Material: Polyurethane elastomer Key/set screw type Hexagon socket set screw Material: SCM435 Surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish Clamp bolt Material: SCM435 Surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish STAR FLEX ALS Hub Material: Aluminum alloy Hub Material: Aluminum alloy Element Material: Polyurethane elastomer Hub Material: Aluminum alloy Clamp hub Material: Aluminum alloy Element Material: Polyurethane elastomer Clamp hub Material: Aluminum alloy 74

22 STAR FLEX ALS ALS MODEL Atención al Cliente

23 ALS-R TYPE Key/Set Screw Type Specification Model Torque Max. permissible misalignment Max. rotation Angular Normal Max. Parallel offset Axial displacement misalignment speed [N m] [N m] [mm] [ ] [mm] [min -1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia [kg m 2 ] ALS-14-R to x ALS-2-R to x ALS-3-R to x ALS-4-R to x ALS-55-R to x ALS-65-R to x ALS-8-R to x ALS-95-R to x ALS-15-R to x * The spring constant values are measured at 2 C. * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. * Dynamic balance is not considered for the maximum rotation speed. * Negative axial displacements of ALS-14 to 8-R are not allowed. Dimensions Mass [kg] Standard bore processed item price Pilot bore item price ALS-14 to 3 L L1 E L2 C C ALS-4 L L1 E C L2 C ALS-55 to 15 L L1 E L2 C C CAD d1 d2 ød d1 d2 ød d1 d2 ød S S S S S S Unit [mm] STAR FLEX ALS Model d1 d2 CAD D L L1 L2 E S C Pilot bore Min. Max. file No. ALS-14-R ALS-HH1 ALS-2-R ALS-HH2 ALS-3-R ALS-HH3 ALS-4-R ALS-HH4 ALS-55-R ALS-HH5 ALS-65-R ALS-HH6 ALS-8-R ALS-HH7 ALS-95-R ALS-15-R * Pilot bore indicates center processing. Standard bore diameter Standard bore diameter d1 d2 [mm] Model ALS-14-R ALS-2-R ALS-3-R ALS-4-R ALS-55-R ALS-65-R ALS-8-R ALS-95-R ALS-15-R * The bore diameters with are supported as standard bore diameters. * Processing with the no keyway is available for ø11 or smaller, and processing for the former JIS, new JIS, and new standard motor is available for ø12 or larger. * New JIS and processing compatible to new standard motor are set as the only standards for the bore diameters of ALS-95 and 15. Ordering Information ALS R - 24N - 28H Size Element type R: Hardness 97 JIS A tight fit Bore dia.: d1-d2 Blank: Pilot bore item Bore specification Blank: Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance H: New JIS compliance N: New standard motor compliance 76

24 ALS-R TYPE Clamp Type Specification Model Torque Max. permissible misalignment Max. rotation Angular Normal Max. Parallel offset Axial displacement misalignment speed [N m] [N m] [mm] [ ] [mm] [min -1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia [kg m 2 ] ALS-14-R to x ALS-2-R to x ALS-3-R to x ALS-4-R to x ALS-55-R to x ALS-65-R to x ALS-8-R to x * The torsional stiffness values are measured at 2 C. * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. * Dynamic balance is not considered for the maximum rotation speed. Mass [kg] Price Dimensions ALS-14 to 3 L ALS-4 L ALS-55 to 8 L CAD L1 E L2 L1 E L2 L1 E L2 B B M B B B B ød1 ød2 ød ød1 ød2 ød ød1 ød2 ød G G G ødb S S M S S S S ødb M ødb Unit [mm] Model Min. d1 d2 Max. D DB L L1 L2 E S B G M Tightening Torque [N m] CAD file No. ALS-14-R M2.4 ALS-BB1 ALS-2-R M2.5 1 ALS-BB2 ALS-3-R M3 1.5 ALS-BB3 ALS-4-R M5 7 ALS-BB4 ALS-55-R M6 14 ALS-BB5 ALS-65-R M8 3 ALS-BB6 ALS-8-R M8 3 ALS-BB7 Standard bore diameter and permissible transmission torque STAR FLEX ALS Standard bore diameter d1 d2 [mm] and permissible transmission torque [N m] Model ALS-14-R ALS-2-R ALS-3-R ALS-4-R ALS-55-R ALS-65-R ALS-8-R * The bore diameters with a value are supported as standard bore diameters. * The permissible transmission torque of the shaft diameter with a value is limited by the holding power at the shaft locking mechanism. The value indicates the permissible transmission torque [N m]. +.1 * The dimensional tolerance of the target shaft is h7. However, for a shaft diameter of 35, the tolerance is * The range of bore diameters that can be supported is from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter in the table. For bore diameters other than above, contact us for separate arrangement. Ordering Information ALS R - 24B - 28B Size Element type R: Hardness 97 JIS A tight fit Bore diameter: d1-d2 Bore specification B: Clamp type The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 77

25 ALS-Y TYPE Key/Set Screw Type Specification Model Dimensions Torque Max. permissible misalignment Max. rotation Angular Normal Max. Parallel offset Axial displacement misalignment speed [N m] [N m] [mm] [ ] [mm] [min -1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia [kg m 2 ] ALS-14-Y to x ALS-2-Y to x ALS-3-Y to x ALS-4-Y to x ALS-55-Y to x ALS-65-Y to x ALS-8-Y to x ALS-95-Y to x ALS-15-Y to x * The spring constant values are measured at 2 C. * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. * Dynamic balance is not considered for the maximum rotation speed. * Negative axial displacements of ALS-14 to 8-Y are not allowed. Mass [kg] Standard bore processed item price Pilot bore item price ALS-14 to 3 L L1 E L2 C C ALS-4 L L1 E C L2 C ALS-55 to 15 L L1 E L2 C C CAD d1 d2 ød d1 d2 ød d1 d2 ød S S S S S S Unit [mm] STAR FLEX ALS Model d1 d2 CAD D L L1 L2 E S C Pilot bore Min. Max. file No. ALS-14-Y ALS-HH1 ALS-2-Y ALS-HH2 ALS-3-Y ALS-HH3 ALS-4-Y ALS-HH4 ALS-55-Y ALS-HH5 ALS-65-Y ALS-HH6 ALS-8-Y ALS-HH7 ALS-95-Y ALS-15-Y * Pilot bore indicates center processing. Standard bore diameter Standard bore diameter d1 d2 [mm] Model ALS-14-Y ALS-2-Y ALS-3-Y ALS-4-Y ALS-55-Y ALS-65-Y ALS-8-Y ALS-95-Y ALS-15-Y * The bore diameters with are supported as standard bore diameters. * Processing with no keyway is available for ø11 or smaller, and processing for the former JIS, new JIS, and new standard motor is available for ø12 or larger. * New JIS and processing compatible to new standard motor are set as the only standards for the bore diameters of ALS-95 and 15. Ordering Information ALS Y - 24N - 28H Size Element type Y: Hardness 97 JIS A tight fit Bore dia.: d1-d2 Blank: Pilot bore item Bore specification Blank: Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance H: New JIS compliance N: New standard motor compliance 78

26 ALS-Y TYPE Clamp Type Specification Model Torque Max. permissible misalignment Max. rotation Angular Normal Max. Parallel offset Axial displacement misalignment speed [N m] [N m] [mm] [ ] [mm] [min -1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] * The torsional stiffness values are measured at 2 C. * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. * Dynamic balance is not considered for the maximum rotation speed. Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia [kg m 2 ] ALS-14-Y to x ALS-2-Y to x ALS-3-Y to x ALS-4-Y to x ALS-55-Y to x ALS-65-Y to x ALS-8-Y to x Mass [kg] Price Dimensions ALS-14 to 3 L ALS-4 L ALS-55 to 8 L CAD L1 E L2 L1 E L2 L1 E L2 B B M B B B B ød1 ød2 ød ød1 ød2 ød ød1 ød2 ød G G G ødb S S M S S S S ødb M ødb Unit [mm] Model Min. d1 d2 Max. D DB L L1 L2 E S B G M Standard bore diameter and permissible transmission torque Tightening Torque [N m] CAD file No. ALS-14-Y M2.4 ALS-BB1 ALS-2-Y M2.5 1 ALS-BB2 ALS-3-Y M3 1.5 ALS-BB3 ALS-4-Y M5 7 ALS-BB4 ALS-55-Y M6 14 ALS-BB5 ALS-65-Y M8 3 ALS-BB6 ALS-8-Y M8 3 ALS-BB7 STAR FLEX ALS Standard bore diameter d1 d2 [mm] and permissible transmission torque [N m] Model ALS-14-Y ALS-2-Y ALS-3-Y ALS-4-Y ALS-55-Y ALS-65-Y ALS-8-Y * The bore diameters with a value are supported as standard bore diameters. * The permissible transmission torque of the shaft diameter with a value is limited by the holding power at the shaft locking mechanism. The value indicates the permissible transmission torque [N m]. * The dimensional tolerance of the target shaft is h7. However, for a shaft diameter of 35, the tolerance is * The range of bore diameters that can be supported is from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter in the table. For bore diameters other than above, contact us for separate arrangement. Ordering Information ALS Y - 24B - 28B Size Element type Y: Hardness 97 JIS A tight fit Bore diameter: d1-d2 Bore specification B: Clamp type The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 79

27 ALS-B TYPE Key/Set Screw Type Specification Model Torque Max. permissible misalignment Max. rotation Angular Normal Max. Parallel offset Axial displacement misalignment speed [N m] [N m] [mm] [ ] [mm] [min -1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia [kg m 2 ] ALS-3-B to x ALS-4-B to x ALS-55-B to x ALS-65-B to x ALS-8-B to x ALS-95-B to x ALS-15-B to x * The spring constant values are measured at 2 C. * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. * Dynamic balance is not considered for the maximum rotation speed. Mass [kg] Standard bore processed item price Pilot bore item price Dimensions ALS-14 to 3 L L1 E L2 C C ALS-4 L L1 E C L2 C ALS-55 to 15 L L1 E L2 C C CAD d1 d2 ød d1 d2 ød d1 d2 ød S S S S S S Unit [mm] Model d1 d2 CAD D L L1 L2 E S C Pilot bore Min. Max. file No. ALS-3-B ALS-HH3 ALS-4-B ALS-HH4 ALS-55-B ALS-HH5 ALS-65-B ALS-HH6 ALS-8-B ALS-HH7 ALS-95-B ALS-15-B * Pilot bore indicates center processing. STAR FLEX ALS Standard bore diameter Model Standard bore diameter d1 d2 [mm] ALS-3-B ALS-4-B ALS-55-B ALS-65-B ALS-8-B ALS-95-B ALS-15-B * The bore diameters with are supported as standard bore diameters. * Processing with no keyway is available for ø11 or smaller, and processing for the former JIS, new JIS, and new standard motor is available for ø12 or larger. * New JIS and processing compatible to new standard motor are set as the only standards for the bore diameters of ALS-95 and 15. Ordering Information ALS B - 24N - 28H Size Element type B: Hardness 9 JIS A loose fit Bore dia.: d1-d2 Blank: Pilot bore item Bore specification Blank: Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance H: New JIS compliance N: New standard motor compliance 8

28 ALS-B TYPE Clamp Type Specification Model Torque Max. permissible misalignment Max. rotation Angular Normal Max. Parallel offset Axial displacement misalignment speed [N m] [N m] [mm] [ ] [mm] [min -1 ] Torsional stiffness [N m/rad] Radial displacement [N/mm] Moment of inertia [kg m 2 ] ALS-3-B to x ALS-4-B to x ALS-55-B to x ALS-65-B to x ALS-8-B to x * The torsional stiffness values are measured at 2 C. * The indicated values in the moment of inertia and mass are measured with the maximum bore diameter. * Dynamic balance is not considered for the maximum rotation speed. Mass [kg] Price Dimensions ALS-14 to 3 L ALS-4 L ALS-55 to 8 L CAD L1 E L2 L1 E L2 L1 E L2 B B M B B B B ød1 ød2 ød ød1 ød2 ød ød1 ød2 ød G G G ødb S S M S S S S ødb M ødb Unit [mm] Model Min. d1 d2 Max. D DB L L1 L2 E S B G M Tightening Torque [N m] CAD file No. ALS-3-B M3 1.5 ALS-BB3 ALS-4-B M5 7 ALS-BB4 ALS-55-B M6 14 ALS-BB5 ALS-65-B M8 3 ALS-BB6 ALS-8-B M8 3 ALS-BB7 Standard bore diameter and permissible transmission torque Model Standard bore diameter d1 d2 [mm] and permissible transmission torque [N m] ALS-3-B ALS-4-B ALS-55-B ALS-65-B ALS-8-B * The bore diameters with a value are supported as standard bore diameters. * The permissible transmission torque of the shaft diameter with a value is limited by the holding power at the shaft locking mechanism. The value indicates the permissible transmission torque [N m]. * The dimensional tolerance of the target shaft is h7. However, for a shaft diameter of 35, the tolerance is * The range of bore diameters that can be supported is from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter in the table. For bore diameters other than above, contact us for separate arrangement. Ordering Information ALS B - 24B - 28B Size Element type B: Hardness 97 JIS A loose fit Bore diameter: d1-d2 Bore specification B: Clamp type STAR FLEX ALS The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 81

29 ALS MODEL Element Dimensions ALS-R Y ALS-14 to 3-R Y ALS-4-R Y ALS-55 to 65-R Y ALS-8 to 15-R Y F F F F A K A K A K A K Unit [mm] Model F R1 R2 K A Price CAD file No. ALS-14- -EL ALS-2- -EL ALS-3- -EL ALS-4- -EL ALS-55- -EL ALS-65- -EL ALS-8- -EL ALS-95- -EL ALS-15- -EL Ordering Information ALS R - EL Size Element only Element type R: Hardness 97 JIS A tight fit Y: Hardness 9 JIS A tight fit ALS-B ALS-3-B F ALS-4-B F ALS-55 to 15-B F R3 R3 R3 R1 R1 R1 R1 R2 STAR FLEX ALS Unit [mm] Model F R3 Price CAD file No. ALS-3-B-EL ALS-4-B-EL ALS-55-B-EL ALS-65-B-EL ALS-8-B-EL ALS-95-B-EL 2 47 ALS-15-B-EL 21 5 Ordering Information ALS B - EL Size Element only Element type B: Hardness 97 JIS A loose fit 82

30 ALS MODEL Bore Drilling Standard Dimensions For any bore diameter other than the standard bore diameter, processing is available according to the standard shown in the table below. For any standard other than the table below, contact our distributor. W1 M ALS-14 to 3 C C M ALS-4 C C ød2 ALS-55 to 15 C C T2 W2 M W2 T1 ød2 T2 ød1 T2 M W2 ød2 Unit [mm] Nominal bore dia. Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance New JIS compliance New standard motor compliance Bore diameter (d1-d2) Keyway width (W1 W2) Tolerance H7,H8 E9 Keyway height (T1 T2) Set screw bore (M) Nominal bore dia. Bore diameter (d1-d2) * The bore diameters 1 or smaller have H8 class tolerance. * For ALS-14, the size of the set screw is M3. * The right and left positions of the set screw and keyway are not on the same plane. Keyway width (W1 W2) +.3 Tolerance H7 H9 Keyway height (T1 T2) Set screw bore (M) Nominal bore dia. Bore diameter (d1-d2) Keyway width (W1 W2) +.3 Tolerance G7,F7 H9 Keyway height (T1 T2) Set screw bore (M) M M M M M M M M M M M M4 12H M M4 14H M4 14N M M4 15H M M4 16H M M4 17H M M4 18H M M4 19H M5 19N M M4 2H M M6 22H M M6 24H M6 24N M M6 25H M M6 28H M6 28N M M6 3H M M8 32H M M8 35H M M8 38H M8 38N M M8 4H M M8 42H M8 42N M M8 45H M M8 48H M1 48N M M8 5H M M1 55H M1 55N M M1 56H M M1 6H M1 6N M1 STAR FLEX ALS The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 83

31 ALS MODEL Design Check Items Mounting (general) Before mounting, make sure the main power of the device is turned off so as to avoid operating the motor by mistake and to ensure safety. Remove the dust, dirt, and oil accumulated on the target shaft and coupling inner diameter part. To achieve maximum performance of the coupling, perform mounting within the range of the maximum permissible misalignment shown in the tables below. The misalignments in the tables below are the maximum values when they occur independently. Therefore, the permissible values in the case of combined errors are half or less. Check the centering at two points about 9 degrees away by applying a straight edge to the circumference of the main body. The life of the element is signifi cantly affected by the centering accuracy. For centering of the left and right mounting shafts, centering location alignment is recommended. After mounting of this product, affi x a safety cover. Touching this product during operation may cause injury. Max. permissible misalignment Parallel offset Angular misalignment Table of max. permissible misalignments Model Parallel offset ε [mm] Axial displacement Angular misalignment θ [ ] Axial displacement δ [mm] ALS-14-R.1 1 to +.6 ALS-2-R.1 1 to +.8 ALS-3-R.1 1 to +1. ALS-4-R.1 1 to +1.2 ALS-55-R.1 1 to +1.4 ALS-65-R.1 1 to +1.5 ALS-8-R.1 1 to +1.8 ALS-95-R to +2. ALS-15-R to +2. Mounting (clamp type) The recommended dimensional tolerance of the target shaft is +.1 h7. (However, for a shaft diameter of 35, the tolerance is (.25 ).) Do not tighten the clamp bolt before inserting the target shaft. Remove the dust, dirt, and oil accumulated on the target shaft and coupling inner diameter part. Especially, if molybdenum disulfide grease or extreme-pressure grease that greatly affect the friction coefficient are accumulated, completely remove them by degreasing, etc. To fix the hub to the shaft, mount it so that the entire length of the clamp hub is in contact with each of the target shafts. Tighten the clamp bolt using a calibrated torque wrench at the clamp bolt tightening torque value in the table below. User the clamp bolt specified by Miki Pulley. Do not apply any liquid such as oil, grease, or screw fi xing agent. Tightening torque for set screws and clamp bolts Size Set screw [N m] Clamp bolt [N m] M2.4 M M M4 1.7 M M M M1 28. Mounting location and usage environment Use under direct sunlight may result in a shorter element life. Use an appropriate cover. It is water-resistant and oil-resistant. However, excessive water or oil should be avoided because they may cause deterioration. Avoid corrosive gases and chemicals. Avoid high temperature and high humidity. The recommended operating atmospheric temperature is -3 C to +8 C. STAR FLEX ALS Model Parallel offset ε [mm] Angular misalignment θ [ ] Axial displacement δ [mm] ALS-14-Y.1 1 to +.6 ALS-2-Y.15 1 to +.8 ALS-3-Y.15 1 to +1. ALS-4-Y.1 1 to +1.2 ALS-55-Y.15 1 to +1.4 ALS-65-Y.15 1 to +1.5 ALS-8-Y.15 1 to +1.8 ALS-95-Y to +2. ALS-15-Y to +2. Model Parallel offset ε [mm] Angular misalignment θ [ ] Axial displacement δ [mm] ALS-3-B to +1. ALS-4-B to +1. ALS-55-B to +1.4 ALS-65-B to +1.5 ALS-8-B to +1.8 ALS-95-B to +2. ALS-15-B to

32 Selection Selection Procedure 1: General use (1) Calculate torque Ta applied to the coupling based on the motor output P and coupling operating rotation speed n. Ta [N m] = 955 Td [N m] = Ta K1 K2 K3 K4 P [kw] n [min 1 ] (2) Calculate corrected torque Td applied to the coupling after deciding the service factor K (1, 2, 3, 4). K1: Operating coeffi cient by load character K2: Corrected coeffi cient by operating hours K3: Corrected coeffi cient by starting/braking frequency K4: Corrected coefficient by ambient temperature (3) Select the size in order that the coupling permissible torque Tn becomes equal or greater or equal to the corrected torque Td. Tn Td (4) Select the size in order that the maximum torque of the coupling Tm becomes equal or greater or equal to the peak torque Ts generated by the motor or driven machine, or both. Maximum torque is defined as torque which can be temporarily applied. For 8-hour operating time per day, it is about 1 times. Tm Ts K4 (5) If the required shaft diameter is over the maximum bore diameter of the selected size, select a coupling suiting it. (2) Calculate corrected torque Td applied to the coupling after deciding the service factor K (1, 2, 3, 4) defined according to the use and operation conditions. Td [N m] = Ta K1 K2 K3 K4 K1: Operating coeffi cient by load character K2: Corrected coeffi cient by operating hours K3: Corrected coeffi cient by starting/braking frequency K4: Corrected coefficient by ambient temperature * For use with no backlash, K1 4. (3) Perform selection so that the peak torque Ts generated by the motor, driven machine, or both is less or equal to the normal torque of the coupling Tn. Tn Ts K4 (4) If the required shaft diameter exceeds the maximum bore diameter of the selected size, select the size of coupling respectively. When a clamp hub is used, torque transmission may be limited depending on the bore diameter. Therefore, make sure that the clamp hub holding power for the selected coupling size is equal or greater than peak torque Ts applied to the coupling. Because of the structure of the coupling, no backlash occurs while preliminary compression is applied to the element. However, backlash may occur as it is used over time. When use with no backlash for a long period is considered, it is recommended that the service factor K1 be greater. If high precision control and positioning are required for a long period, our metal plate spring couplings SERVO FLEX Series are recommended. (6) When using with machines whose load torque fluctuates drastically on periodic basis, a study of torsional vibration is necessary in addition to the procedure mentioned above. Make sure that the frequency of torque fl uctuation does not coincide with the eigenfrequency fe of the shaft system. Generally, eigenfrequency fe is calculated by approximating the shaft system as shown below. K: Dynamic torsional spring constant of coupling [N m/rad] IA: Inertial moment of driving side[kg m 2 ] IB: Inertial moment of driven side [kg m 2 ] Service Factor Operating coefficient by load character: K1 Load character Constant Fluctuations: Slight Fluctuations: Medium Fluctuations: Large STAR FLEX ALS Selection Procedure 2: Use with no backlash To use ALS-Y R type with no backlash, a torque that is sufficiently low with respect to the normal torque of the coupling must be used. For this reason, selection must be made to satisfy the following conditions. (ALS-B type cannot be used with no backlash.) (1) Calculate torque Ta applied to the coupling based on the motor output P and coupling operating rotation speed n. P [kw] Ta [N m] = 955 n [min 1 ] Operating coefficient by operating hours: K2 Hours/per day to 8 to 16 to 24 K Corrected coefficient by starting/braking frequency: K3 Times/per hour to 1 to 3 to 6 to 12 to 24 Over 24 K Corrected coefficient by ambient temperature: K4 Temp. [ C] 3 to +3 to +4 to +6 to +8 K The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 85

33 ALS MODEL Design Check Items Table of general purpose motor specification and simplified selection Motor 5Hz: 3min -1 /6Hz: 36min -1 5Hz: 15min -1 /6Hz: 18min -1 5Hz: 1min -1 /6Hz: 12min -1 2-pole motor STAR FLEX 4-pole motor STAR FLEX 6-pole motor STAR FLEX Output [kw] Frequency [Hz] Shaft dia. [mm] Torque [N m] Model Nominal bore dia. Shaft dia. [mm] Torque [N m] Model Nominal bore dia. Shaft dia. [mm] Torque [N m] Model Nominal bore dia ALS ALS ALS ALS ALS ALS ALS-3 14N ALS-3 14N ALS-4 19N ALS-3 14N ALS-3 14N ALS-4 19N ALS-4 19N ALS-4 19N ALS-55 24N ALS-4 19N ALS-4 19N ALS-55 24N ALS-55 24N ALS-55 24N ALS-55 28N ALS-55 24N ALS-55 24N ALS-55 28N ALS-55 24N ALS-55 28N ALS-65 28N ALS-55 24N ALS-55 28N ALS-65 28N ALS-55 28N ALS-65 28N ALS-65 38N ALS-55 28N 28 2 ALS-65 28N 38 3 ALS-65 38N ALS-65 38N ALS-65 38N ALS-8 38N ALS-65 38N 38 3 ALS-65 38N ALS-65 38N ALS-65 38N ALS-65 38N ALS-8 42N ALS-65 38N ALS-65 38N 42 6 ALS-8 42N ALS-8 42N ALS-8 42N ALS-8-R 42N ALS-8 42N ALS-8 42N 42 9 ALS-8 42N ALS-8 42N ALS-8 42N ALS-95-R 48N ALS-8 42N ALS-8 42N ALS-95 48N ALS-8 42N ALS-95 48N ALS-95-R 55N ALS-8 42N 48 1 ALS-95 48N ALS-95-R 55N ALS-95 48N ALS-95-R 48N ALS-95-R 55N ALS-95 48N ALS-95 48N ALS-95-R 55N ALS-95 55N ALS-95-R 55N N ALS-95 55N ALS-95-R 55N ALS-15-R 6N ALS-95 55N 6 24 ALS-15-R 6N ALS-95 55N 6 2 ALS-15-R 6N ALS-15 55N N ALS-95 55N ALS-15-R 6N * The table above shows the applicable sizes for the key/set screw type when typically used for a general purpose motor driving unit. It is not a selection for the no backlash specifi cation. * The motor revolution and output torque are calculated values (reference values). STAR FLEX ALS 86

34 Table of servo motor specification and simplified selection Rated output [kw] Rated rotation speed [min -1 ] Servo motor specifi cation Rated torque [N m] Max. Torque [N m] Shaft dia. [mm] Compatible coupling specifi cation Model ALS- -R Max. bore dia. [mm] ALS-2-R ALS-2-R ALS-3-R ALS-3-R ALS-55-R ALS-55-R ALS-55-R ALS-4-R ALS-55-R ALS-55-R ALS-55-R ALS-65-R ALS-55-R ALS-55-R ALS-65-R ALS-55-R ALS-65-R ALS-65-R ALS-55-R ALS-65-R ALS-55-R ALS-65-R 35 * The table above shows simplifi ed settings depending on the clamp type based on the supported servo motor shaft diameter and permissible torque transmission of the coupling. Use with no backlash is not guaranteed. STAR FLEX ALS The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 87

35 PSL Hub-shaft Connection The PSL-G type is a mechanical-type shaft lock joint. By locking the clamp bolt, the outer sleeve moves in an axial direction. At this time, a force that pushes the inner surface of hub and shaft is generated by the wedge effect of the inner sleeve and taper surface to perfectly lock a shaft and hub. POSI LOCK 88

36 FULL LINEUP POSI LOCK PSL-G TYPE l Homogeneous transmission ability can be obtained by the simple structure and strong component. l The PSL-G also corresponds to heavy loading. l It is shorter to the axial direction that space can be saved. POSI LOCK PSL-G-C TYPE l A basic antirust specifi cation with electroless nickel plating coated on the body. Atención al Cliente

37 POSI-LOCK PSL-G Structure and Material Inner ring material: S45C heat treated or equivalent PSL-G-C surface treatment: Electroless nickel plating Outer ring material: S45C heat treated or equivalent PSL-G-C surface treatment: Electroless nickel plating Rear taper ring material: S45C heat treated or equivalent PSL-G-C surface treatment: Electroless nickel plating Front taper ring material: S45C heat treated or equivalent PSL-G-C surface treatment: Electroless nickel plating Operating Principle Driving the clamp bolts will move the two taper rings axially when the outer ring and inner ring generate a force to push the shaft and inner part of the hub through the wedge action on their tapered surfaces. This force perfectly locks the shaft and hub. Front taper ring Clamp bolt Outer ring Rear taper ring Clamp bolt material: SCM435 G surface treatment: Black oxide fi nish G-C treatment: GEOMET treatment Specification PSL-G Screw bore for dismounting Inner ring Model Maximum Maximum Shaft-side surface Hub-side surface Screw Moment of inertia Mass permissible torque permissible thrust pressure pressure tighening torque [kg m [N m] [N] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N m] ] [kg] Price PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G PSL-G * The maximum permissible torque is the value when the thrust force is zero. The maximum permissible thrust is the value when the torque is zero. POSI LOCK PSL-G Specification PSL-G-C Model Maximum Maximum Shaft-side surface Hub-side surface Screw Moment of inertia Mass permissible torque permissible thrust pressure pressure tighening torque [kg m [N m] [N] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N m] ] [kg] Price PSL-G-19-C PSL-G-2-C PSL-G-22-C PSL-G-24-C PSL-G-25-C PSL-G-28-C PSL-G-3-C PSL-G-32-C PSL-G-35-C PSL-G-38-C PSL-G-4-C PSL-G-42-C PSL-G-45-C PSL-G-48-C PSL-G-5-C PSL-G-55-C PSL-G-6-C * The maximum permissible torque is the value when the thrust force is zero. The maximum permissible thrust is the value when the torque is zero. 9

38 Ordering Information M1 L1 L ( I ) PSL - G - - C CAD M2 d D Size Blank: Without surface treatment -C: Electroless nickel plating Dimensions PSL-G Unit [mm] Model d D L l L1 M1 M2 CAD file No. PSL-G M M8 PSL-G1 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G2 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G3 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G4 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G5 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G6 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G7 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G8 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G9 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G1 PSL-G M M8 PSL-G11 PSL-G M M1 PSL-G12 PSL-G M M1 PSL-G13 PSL-G M M1 PSL-G14 PSL-G M M1 PSL-G15 PSL-G M M1 PSL-G16 PSL-G M M1 PSL-G17 PSL-G M M1 PSL-G M M12 PSL-G M M12 PSL-G M M12 PSL-G M M12 PSL-G M M12 PSL-G M M12 PSL-G M M14 PSL-G M M14 PSL-G M M14 * L and L1 are the dimensions before mounting <POSI LOCK>. * M2 is the screw bore for dismounting. The screw bore for dismounting for size 19 to 6 is shown by a tool mark and that for size 65 and larger, by paint on the screw head. Dimensions PSL-G-C Unit [mm] Model d D L l L1 M1 M2 CAD file No. PSL-G-19-C M M8 PSL-G1 PSL-G-2-C M M8 PSL-G2 PSL-G-22-C M M8 PSL-G3 PSL-G-24-C M M8 PSL-G4 PSL-G-25-C M M8 PSL-G5 PSL-G-28-C M M8 PSL-G6 PSL-G-3-C M M8 PSL-G7 PSL-G-32-C M M8 PSL-G8 PSL-G-35-C M M8 PSL-G9 PSL-G-38-C M M8 PSL-G1 PSL-G-4-C M M8 PSL-G11 PSL-G-42-C M M1 PSL-G12 PSL-G-45-C M M1 PSL-G13 PSL-G-48-C M M1 PSL-G14 PSL-G-5-C M M1 PSL-G15 PSL-G-55-C M M1 PSL-G16 PSL-G-6-C M M1 PSL-G17 * L and L1 are the dimensions before mounting <POSI LOCK>. POSI LOCK PSL-G The latest CAD data can be downloaded from our website. CAD Atención al Cliente The CAD mark indicates that CAD data is available by CD-ROM. The CAD fi le No. represents the fi le name in the CD-ROM. 91

39 POSI-LOCK Design Check Items Selection procedure (1) In general, torque Ta is calculated based on the output P of a driver and operating rotation speed n of the locking element even though Ta is decided by the shaft diameter to be used in operation. Ta [N m] = 955 P [kw] n [min 1 ] Ta : Torque applied to locking element [N m] P : Output of driver [kw] n : Rotation speed of locking element [min-1] Fa : Thrust force applied to locking element [N] Also calculate the thrust force Fa. (2) Calculate corrected torque Td and corrected thrust force Fd applied to the locking element after deciding the service factor K1 determined by the characteristics of the load. Td = Ta K1 Fd = Fa K1 Td : Corrected torque applied to the locking element [N m] Fd : Corrected thrust force applied to the locking element [N] K1 : Service factor determined by the characteristics of the load 2. Calculate the maximum inner diameter of the hollow shaft based on the strength of the hollow shaft material used. di d δ.2n 2P 1 C δ.2n C =.6 When only one is used. C =.8 When more than one are used. Di : Maximum inner diameter of hollow shaft [mm] δ.2n : Stress to hollow shaft at yield point [N/mm 2 ] d : Shaft diameter [mm] C : Coefficient P 1 : Shaft side pressure [N/mm 2 ] Service factor by the characteristics of the load: K1 Characteristics of the load Constant Fluctuation: Slight Fluctuation: Medium Fluctuation: Large POSI LOCK PSL-G (3) Correct in accordance with the characteristics of the load. 1. Torque only Compare maximum permissible torque T and calculated corrected torque Td of the locking element based on the shaft diameter to be used in operation. Tn Td T: Maximum permissible torque of the locking element [N m] 2. Thrust force only Compare maximum permissible thrust force F and calculated corrected thrust force Fd of the locking element based on the operating shaft diameter. F Fd F: Maximum permissible thrust force of the locking element [N] 3. Torque and thrust force applied simultaneously. Calculate combined radial and thrust loads Mr and compare them with maximum permissible torque T. Mr = T Mr Td 2 + Fd Mr: Combined radial and thrust loads applied to the locking element [N m] d: Shaft diameter [m] (4) Calculate the minimum outer diameter of the hub and maximum inner diameter of the hollow shaft. 1. Calculate the minimum outer diameter of the hub based on the strength of the hub material to be used. DO D δ.2n + CP 2 δ.2n CP 2 d 2 2 C = 1 B = L C =.8 L < B < 2L C =.6 B 2L Specifications Tolerance of target shaft Tolerance of target hub Surface roughness of fi tting part Operating ambient temperature Number of fi tting and unfi tting operations Shaft with keyway If a shaft has a keyway such as a motor and reducer, the shaft can be used if the keyway width roughly satisfies the JIS specification. In this case, however, the permissible torque and permissible thrust force will decrease by 1 to 15%. Bending moment h9 H8 12.5S (average roughness of center line 3.2a) or less -4 to +15 C 1 cycles As a rule, <POSI LOCK> does not tolerate a bending moment. DO : Minimum outer diameter of hub [mm] B : Hub length [mm] D : Hub inner diameter [mm] L : Effective length of contact [mm] P 2 : Hub side pressure [N/mm 2 ] C : Coeffi cient δ.2n : Yield point stress of hub material [N/mm 2 ] If the stress of the hub material at a yield point is large, adjust the ratio between the minimum outer diameter of the hub and inner diameter of the hub to be about 1.3 times or larger taking deformation of the hub into consideration. 92

40 r POSI-LOCK Design Check Items Centering mechanism <POSI LOCK> does not have a centering mechanism. Provide a centering mechanism to a <POSI LOCK> if a high precision is required for concentricity and run out. As illustrated by Dimension Symbol J in the following diagram, the centering mechanism regulates concentricity and run out by having the shaft and part of the hub directly contact each other. The accuracy by centering is decided by the centering length (length of contact part between shaft and hub) and fit tolerance. Generally, the centering length (length of contact part between shaft and hub) is acceptable if it is longer than the shaft diameter. The accuracies of concentricity and run out by the centering mechanism are decided by the processing dimensions of the shaft and hub. In other words, the hub may incline by the clearance between the shaft outer diameter and hub inner diameter of the centering part. For this reason, the concentricities and run outs of a shaft and hub must be machined so that tolerances for accuracies of concentricities and run outs meet the desired values. Accuracies of concentricities and run outs obtained by a centering mechanism can be calculated by the following formulas. Maximum Run Out Accuracy: Ea (Measure Run Out at Position of Radius r) Ea 2 r S/J S = [(Processed dimensions of hub) - (Processed dimensions of shaft)] /2 (3) Mounting onto shaft and hub Mount <POSI LOCK> onto the shaft and hub, lightly tighten the clamp bolts to have the parts contact lightly and perform positioning. Caution Never clamp the clamp bolts before assembling <POSI LOCK> onto the shaft and hub. (4) Tightening clamp bolts Clamp the clamp bolts uniformly in about four clamping operations to the specified tightening torque by holding the bolts diagonally. (In four clamping operations, for example, clamp about 25% in each clamping.) Finally, clamp all the clamp bolts once again at the specified tightening torque. Check the tightening torque again after operating for a certain period of time to prevent initial loosening of the bolts. Mounting precautions <POSI LOCK> demonstrates its performance when the shaft and hub function properly along their entire lengths as against the reference lengths l on the shaft and hub sides. The shaft and hub therefore need to be designed so that they will function along their entire reference length. Maximum Run Out of Concentricity: Eb Eb H S/J Run out of Centering Mechanism H J S Dismounting (1) Safety check Start work after checking safety such as any torque, thrust force, etc. that are applied to <POSI LOCK> and danger of <POSI LOCK> dropping due to the self-weights of the shaft and hub being applied to it. A self-locking mechanism is not provided with <POSI LOCK>. Loosening the clamp bolts will momentarily cancel the locking force. J : Centering length (length of contact part between shaft and hub) r : Measuring position of run out accuracy H : Full length of hub Mounting (1) Cleaning of shaft and hub Thoroughly remove rust, dirt and other foreign matter attached to inner surfaces of the shaft and hub. Thinly coat them with oil or grease. (2) <POSI LOCK> cleaning Remove the clamp bolts on <POSI LOCK>, wipe the contact surfaces of the parts cleanly and thinly coat with oil or grease. Make sure to also coat oil or grease on the threaded surfaces, bearing surfaces of heads on the clamp bolts. Then temporarily assemble <POSI LOCK>. Tighten the clamp bolts lightly by hand avoiding any change in the inner and outer diameters of the inner ring and outer ring. Caution Never use oil that contains molybdic antifriction agent or other substance. Otherwise a basic change in the friction coefficient will result. (2) Dismounting Loosening the clamp bolts after confirming safety will automatically separate the various parts. Under some conditions, the parts cannot be dismounted even if the clamp bolts are loosened. Forcible dismounting of the parts may damage the shaft, hub and <POSI LOCK>. Never attempt to dismount the parts forcibly. If the rear taper ring does not loosen automatically even though the clamp bolts are loosened, lightly hit the heads of the clamp bolts, to move and release the rear taper ring backward by the spring action of each part. Similarly, if the front taper ring does not come off, put the bolt into a screw bore for dismounting (one size larger than the screw bore for clamp bolt) and lightly hit the bolt head with a hammer or other tool, to release it. POSI LOCK PSL-G Atención al Cliente

41 POSI-LOCK Design Check Items List of minimum outer diameters of hub B The hub may deform if a large stress is applied to it. Design the hub by selecting a suitable outer diameter from the following list of minimum hub outer diameters. b Dmin L L1 B 2L b L1 ødmin Unit [mm] PSL-G PSL-G-C Size Hub side Surface pressure [N/mm 2 ] Stress of material at yield point δ.2 [N/mm 2 ] FC25 FC3 FC35 FCD4 FCD45 FCD5 FCD6 FCD7 SS33 SS4 SS49 SC36 SC41 SC45 SC48 FCMB31 FCMB36 S15C S2C S3C S35C S45C S55C SF44 SF49 SF54 SF59 SUS34 SUS21 SUS41 SUS43 SUS * The minimum outer diameter of hub is the diameter calculated based on C =.6 in the selection procedure. * The foregoing SUS values are bearing forces [N/mm 2 ] in a quenched and tempered condition. POSI LOCK PSL-G 94

42 Please Consult Our Website. More information on new products and on events such as tradeshows 1Multilingual website (4 languages) Japanese, English, Chinese (simplified characters) and Korean. * Some product information is available in Japanese only. 1 Top page 2 Downloading Latest information including a catalog, instruction manual and CAD data can be downloaded. 5 Instruction manual PDF page 4 Catalog PDF page 3 Product information page 2 Page for introduction of products 3 Enriched content Abundant information other than product information is also provided. 8 International network information page 7 Tradeshow information page 6 Advertisement and selfintroduction page Atención al Cliente

43 Safety Precautions (Please read prior to use) Please read carefully through the instruction manual and the technical information for proper use and safety. In this manual, safety precautions are classifi ed by "DANGER" and "CAUTION". DANGER When death or serious injury may result by mishandling 2. Mounting precautions DANGER Tighten bolts or screws completely. Depending on the tightening adjustment of bolt or screw, exceptionally dangerous situations such as product damage or performance degradation could occur. Always use a calibrated torque wrench and clamp at the tightening torque specifi ed by Miki Pulley. CAUTION When disability or only physical damage may result by mishandling DANGER Do not turn on the power of the equipment. Equipment use (atomic energy, aerospace, medical treatment,transportation, or various safety devices) that may result in serious bodily injury or loss of life directly by mechanical failure or mishandling, careful examination is necessary. Contact us for further information. The company has taken all possible measures to produce a quality product; however, continuous rotational states when the clutch can not be disengaged or coasting of the machine when the brakes went off is envisioned as emergency. Please pay attention to safety measures in case anything goes wrong. 1. Structural precautions DANGER Use a safety cover. Touching the product during operation could cause injury. Place a safety cover to avoid any accident. Additionally, set up a safety mechanism for quick stop of the product when opening the cover. CAUTION It is very dangerous if the driving part starts by accident while mounting the product. Be sure that the main power of the equipment is turned off. Use the product within the specified maximum permissible misalignment. The installation of the product must be performed within the specifi ed maximum permissible error. Using the product with more than the maximum permissible error could cause damage or adverse effect on the equipment. CAUTION Do not use any unspecified bolt or screw. DANGER Do not use the product in the presence of fire and explosive hazards. Using a bolt or screw that is not specifi ed by our company could damage the product. Do not use any bolt or screw unspecifi ed. Do not use the product near fl ammable liquids or in the presence of gas and other explosive air particles. CAUTION Wear protective equipment. DANGER Set up a safety mechanism To avoid any injury by stripping, spring pin or keyway, make sure to wear protective equipment such as safety glasses or gloves. Safety Precautions The driven and driving sides could be completely detached when the product is damaged. Set up a safety mechanism such as a safety brake to avoid any danger. CAUTION Carry and mount the product by using a hoist. Lifting of a heavy weight could cause back injury. Use a hoist when carrying or mounting the product. 96

44 3. Cautions during operation DANGER Do not exceed the permissible rated speed If the product is used in excess of more than its maximum rated permissible speed, very dangerous product damage could occur by a large vibration. CAUTION Make sure to operate the product within the specified maximum permissible misalignment. Using the product with more than the "maximum permissible misalignment" could cause damage or adverse effect on the equipment. Always operate the product within the specified "maximum permissible misalignment." DANGER Do not touch the product during operation. Due to the exposed rotor, touching the product during operation may cause injury. Make sure not to touch the product during operation. 4. Cautions for maintenance and inspection DANGER Do not turn on the power of the equipment. It is extremely dangerous if the driving part starts operating by accident while dismounting the product. Make sure that the main power of the equipment is off. CAUTION CAUTION CAUTION Do not use the product with more than the specified permissible transmission torque. Using the product with more than the specified permissible transmissing torque could cause damage or adverse effect on the equipment. When abnormal noises or vibrations occur, stop operation immediately. If abnormal noises or vibrations occur during operation, improper mounting should be considered. Do not leave the situation as it is. It may cause damage to the equipment itself. Also, for reasons other than above, the belts and other screws may loosen or become defective even if the product is mounted correctly. Do not use the product in an environment that could cause harmful effects. Do not use the product in an environment where chemicals may spill, humidity is high, or in hot or cold temperature. DANGER Do not dismantle the product. 5. Cautions for disposal DANGER CAUTION We will refuse to take responsibility as to the damaged product that is dismantled, remodeled or repaired by a third party except our company and the designated company. Therefore, for the product that the assembly process or procedure of dismantlement is described in the manual, we will not be responsible as well. Please use our service network for repair and dismantlement. Do not leave the product around where young children may play. Call for a waste-control-collection company for disposal. Please note that this safety precautions and specifi cation described in each manual may be changed without prior notice. Contact Miki Pulley for additional information or questions on these precautions. CAUTION Do not use the product when the locing part is in a slip condition. Safety Precautions Using the product when the locking part is in a slip condition could over heat the product, which could cause damage to the equipment. Atención al Cliente

45 Technical Data Miki Pulley Couplings Standard Bore Processing Specification This standard bore processing specifi cation is applicable to bore processing for SERVO FLEX (except SFC model), SPR FLEX, BAUMANN FLEX (except ZG and LM models), and CENTA FLEX of bore diameter 6mm to 65mm. However, other standard bore processing specifi cations set to each model respectively will have precedence if they exist, and may differ from this specification. Bore Processing Tolerances for Mating Shaft Tolerances Unless there is a special order, it is processed by H7. For bore processing below 1mm, it will be H8. Tolerances other than H7 require consultation. When pilot bores are additionally processed, the surface treatment of the processed portion is shaved. If an additional surface treatment after bore processing is required, contact us. Shaft tolerance Recommended bore tolerance h6 to h9 H7 j6 G7 k6 F7 m6 F7 * The j6, k6 and m6 are adopted as new standard motor shafts. Nominal Set Screw Diameters for Keyway Keyway Basic dimension b2 Set screw nominal diameter 4 M4 5 M4 6 M5 7 M6 8 M6 1 M8 12 M8 14 M1 15 M1 16 M1 18 M1 * If this is not a special order, the positions of set screws will be 2 points, 9 apart from each other. * The positions for set screws may vary for some products. For more information, see the standard bore processing specifi cation for each product. 9 2-M Keyway Dimensions for Bore Diameters (following table) Unless there is a special order, it is processed by the former JIS (second class). For bore diameters under 12mm, keyways are not processed. Nominal Set Screw Diameters for Bore Diameters (without keyway) Previous edition JIS (Class 2) compliance Bore dia. Basic dimension b2 Tolerance (E9) t2 Basic Tolerance dimension Unit [mm] Keyway dimension b h 12 or more, 13 or less Over 13, 2 or less Over 2, 3 or less Over 3, 4 or less Over 4, 5 or less Over 5, 6 or less Over 6, 65 or less Bore dia. Set screw nominal diameter 6 or more, less than 12 M4 * If this is not a special order, the positions of set screws will be 2 points, 9 apart from each other. * The positions for set screws may vary for some products. For more information, see the standard bore processing specifi cation for each product. 9 2-M New JIS compliance Unit [mm] Technical data Bore dia. Basic dimension 12 4 b2 Tolerance (H9) Basic dimension t2 Tolerance Keyway dimension b h Over 12, 17 or less Over 17, 22 or less Over 22, 3 or less Over 3, 38 or less Over 38, 44 or less Over 44, 5 or less Over 5, 58 or less Over 58, 65 or less

46 Technical Data Dimensions and Tolerances of Parallel Keys and Keyways b1 b2 t1 r1 t2 r2 b d h c or r d JIS (Excerpts from JIS B ) Cross section of shaft Cross section of bore Cross section of key Unit [mm] Nominal key dimension b h Applicable shaft diameter d b Basic Tolerance dimension (h9) Key dimension Basic dimension h Tolerance c or r Keyway dimension Basic Locking type Normal type r1 dimension of b1 Tolerance of b1 Tolerance b1 Tolerance and and b2 b1 and b2 (P9) (N9) (Js9) r ± to ± to ± to ± t1 t2 Basic dimension Tolerance Basic dimension Tolerance to to to h to to to to to to to to to to to h to to ± to to to to to ± Previous JIS First Class (Excerpts from JIS B ) Unit [mm] Nominal Applicable Key dimension Keyway dimension key shaft b h Basic b1 b2 r1 t1 t2 dimension diameter dimension of b1 Basic Tolerance Basic Tolerance c or r b h d Tolerance Tolerance and Basic Basic dimension (p7) dimension (h9) and b2 (H8) (F7) r2 Tolerance Tolerance dimension dimension or more, 13 or less Over 13, 2 or less Over 2, 3 or less Over 3, 4 or less Over 4, 5 or less Over 5, 6 or less Over 6, 7 or less Over 7, 8 or less Over 8, 95 or less Over 95, 11 or less Over 11, 125 or less Previous JIS Second Class (Excerpts from JIS B ) Unit [mm] Nominal Applicable Key dimension Keyway dimension key shaft b h c Basic b1 b2 r1 t1 t2 dimension diameter dimension of b1 Basic Tolerance Basic Tolerance or b h d Tolerance Tolerance and Basic Basic dimension (h8) dimension (h1) r and b2 (H9) (E) r2 Tolerance Tolerance dimension dimension or more, 13 or less Over 13, 2 or less Over 2, 3 or less Over 3, 4 or less Over 4, 5 or less Over 5, 6 or less Over 6, 7 or less Over 7, 8 or less Over 8, 95 or less Over 95, 11 or less Over 11, 125 or less Technical data Atención al Cliente

47 Technical Data Permissible Dimensional Deviation of Shafts (Excerpts from JIS B 41) Measurement Classifi cation [mm] d e f g h js j k m n p r Beyond Below d8 d9 e7 e8 e9 f6 f7 f8 g5 g6 h5 h6 h7 h8 h9 js5 js6 js7 j5 j6 k5 k6 m5 m6 n6 p6 r * The upper value in each column indicates the upper deviation, and the lower value in each column indicates the lower deviation ± 2.5 ± 4 ± 6 ± 3 ± 4.5 ± 7.5 ± 4 ± 5.5 ± 9 ± 4.5 ± 6.5 ± 1.5 ± 5.5 ± 8 ± 12.5 ± 6.5 ± 9.5 ± 15 ± 7.5 ± 11.5 ± 17.5 ± 9 ± 12.5 ± 2 ± 1 ± 14.5 ± 23 ± 11.5 ± 16 ± 26 ± 12.5 ± 18 ± 28.5 ± 13.5 ± 2 ± ± 16 ± 18 ± Unit [µm] Technical data 1

48 Technical Data Permissible Dimensional Deviation of Bores (Excerpts from JIS B 41) Measurement Classifi cation [mm] E F G H Js J K M N P R Beyond Below E7 E8 E9 F6 F7 F8 G6 G7 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H1 Js6 Js7 J6 J7 K6 K7 M6 M7 N6 N7 P7 R ± 4 ± 6 * The upper value in each column indicates the upper deviation, and the lower value in each column indicates the lower deviation ± 4.5 ± ± 5.5 ± ± 6.5 ± ± 8 ± ± 9.5 ± 15 ± 11 ± 17.5 ± 12.5 ± 2 ± 14.5 ± 23 ± 16 ± 26 ± 18 ± 28.5 ± 2 ± ± Unit [µm] Technical data Atención al Cliente

49 Technical Data Configuration and Dimension of Hexagon Bolts (Parts grade A) (Excerpts from JIS B ) e 15 to 3 X d Chamfer the edge. It is not necessary for M4 and below. X portion closeup k k f The shaded area indicates the maximum and minimum range of fillet under head. r r s c s g (b) Incomplete thread 2P and below k da dw ds Nominal designation of screw (d) M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M1 M12 (M14) M16 M2 M24 Pitch of screw (P) b l (Reference) 125<l c Minimum Maximum da Maximum ds Max. (Basic dimension) Minimum dw Minimum e Minimum f Maximum Nominal disig. (Basic dimension) k Minimum Maximum k' Minimum r Minimum s Max. (Basic dimension) Minimum * The nominal diameter in parentheses is preferably not to be used. Nominal designation of screw M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M1 M12 (M14) M16 M2 M24 Nominal length (basic dimension) l Min. Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s and l g * The gray portion indicates the recommended nominal length ( l ). l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. Unit [mm] Unit [mm] l g Max. Technical data 12

50 Technical Data Configuration and Dimension of Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws (Excerpts from JIS B ) s e 12 (Min.) Internal chamfering can be performed on the hexagon socket. dk t K w Chamfer the edge. It is not necessary for M4 and below. Cone base d r da ds s g Incomplete thread (2P and below) b (Reference) Roundness Nominal designation of screw (d) M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M1 M12 (M14) M16 (M18) M2 Pitch of screw (P) b Reference Max. (Basic dimension)* dk Maximum * Minimum da Maximum ds Max. (Basic dimension) Minimum e Minimum f Maximum k Max. (Basic dimension) Minimum r Minimum Nominal disig. (Basic dimension) Minimum s Column Maximum Column t Minimum v Maximum dw Minimum w Minimum * Knurl the side surface of the head. In this case, the dk (Maximum) shall be the values marked *2. For side surfaces with no knurling, the dk shall be the values marked *1. * The column 1 of S (Maximum) is used for the strength class 8.8 and 1.9, and for the property class A2-5 and A2-7. The column 2 is applied to the strength class The column 1 can be applied to the strength class 12.9 by agreement of the parties concerned. * The nominal diameters in parentheses are preferably not to be used. dk V V Rounded or chamfered head 45 (Max.) r dw Chamfering The maximum state of the rad. under the head f r r da f (Max.) = 1.7r (Max.) r (Max.) = r (Min.) = ds da (Max.) ds (Max.) 2 Depending on the value of the appendix table Rounding or chamfering can be performed on the top or bearing surface of the head. Any burr should be removed. Unit [mm] Unit [mm] Nominal designation of screw M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M1 M12 (M14) M16 (M18) M2 l l s and l g Nominal length Min. Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max * The gray portion indicates the recommended nominal length ( l ). The nominal length ( l ) that is shorter than the dashed line position indicates a complete thread. The incomplete thread length under head is about 3P. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. l s Min. l g Max. Technical data Atención al Cliente

51 Technical Data Mechanical Properties of Fasteners Made of Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel (Excerpts from JIS B 151-2) Mechanical Properties of Strength Category Hardness Mechanical properties Tensile strength Rm* 3 * 4 [N/mm 2 ] Vickers hardness HV Brinell hardness HB Rockwell hardness HRB HRC Strength category d 16 *1 d>16 *1 9.8 * Nominal , 1,2 Min ,4 1,22 Min Max. 22* Min Max. 29* Min Max. 95.* Min Max Surface hardness HV.3 Max. * 6 Lower yield point ReL* 7 Nominal [N/mm 2 ] Min % bearing force Rp.2* 8 Nominal ,8 [N/mm 2 ] Min ,1 Proof load stress Stress ratio [N/mm 2 ] Total elongation % Min Wedge tensile strength Must not be smaller than the minimum tensile strength Impact strength [J] Min Head percussion strength Must not be fractured Height of non-carburized part of screw thread E Min. 1/2H1 2/3H1 3/4H1 Depth of completely carburized part G [mm] Max..15 * *1: Bolts for steel structures of strength category 8.8 are categorized by nominal screw diameter of 12mm. * *2: Strength category 9.8 is applicable only to screws whose nominal diameter is 16mm or less. * *3: Minimum tensile strength is applicable to a nominal length of 2.5d or more. Minimum hardness is applied where the nominal length is smaller than 2.5d or where a tensile test cannot be conducted such as the head has a special profi le. * *4: Tensile loads in tests conducted in a product state shall be the values calculated based on minimum tensile strength Rm min. * *5: The hardness of the tip of threaded parts of bolts, screws and studs shall be 25HV, 238HB or 99.5HRB or less. * *6: The surface hardness of products of 8.8 to 12.9 in strength category must not produce a difference of more than 3 points at Vickers hardness HV.3 compared with inner hardness. The surface hardness of products of 1.9 in strength category must not exceed 39HV. * *7: Where the lower yield point ReL cannot be measured,.2% bearing force Rp.2 shall be used. ReL values for strength categories 4.8, 5.8 and 6.8 are for calculation purposes only and are not values for testing. * *8: The yield stress ratio and minimum.2% bearing force Rp.2 in accordance with the method for expressing strength categories shall be used in tests of cut test pieces. These values may vary when products themselves are tested to obtain these values, due to the manufacturing method of the products, nominal screw diameter, or other factor. Partially decarburized layer E Evaluation of Condition of Carbon on Surface Pitch line Perfectly decarburized G H1 H1: Height of screw thread in a maximum substantive condition Base metal (non-carburized part) Values of H1 and E (Minimum) Unit [mm] E (Min.) Pitch of screw (P) H Strength category 8.8, Technical data 14

52 Mechanical Properties and Maximum Tightening Torque of Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screw (For coarse pitch thread of strength categories of 1.9 and 12.9) Supplementary information Nominal d Effective sectional area [mm2] Minimum tensile load [N] Yield load [N] Proof load [N] Permissible maximum axial force F [N] (Tf max.) Maximum tightening torque [N m] When K=.17 When K= M ,32 1,55 1,19 1,39 1,5 1, M ,15 2,53 1,94 2,27 1,72 2,1 1,36 1, M ,53 4,14 3,17 3,72 2,81 3,29 2,22 2, M ,23 6,14 4,71 5,52 4,18 4,88 3,3 3, M ,13 1,7 8,22 9,64 7,29 8,52 5,75 6, M ,8 17,3 13,3 15,6 11,8 13,8 9,3 1, M ,9 24,5 18,8 22,1 16,7 19,5 13,2 15, M ,1 44,6 34,3 4,2 3,4 35,5 24, 28, M ,3 7,8 54,3 63,7 48,1 56,3 38, 44, M ,7 13, 78,9 92,6 7, 81,8 55,2 64, M , 14, 18, 126, 95,5 112, 75,3 88, M , 192, 147, 172, 13, 152, 13, 121, M , 234, 18, 211, 159, 186, 126, 148, M , 299, 229, 269, 23, 238, 161, 188, M , 37, 284, 333, 252, 294, 199, 233, ,9 1,28 M , 431, 33, 388, 293, 342, 231, 271, 944 1,11 1,39 1,63 M , 56, 43, 54, 381, 445, 31, 353, 1,38 1,62 2,3 2,38 M , 684, 525, 616, 466, 544, 368, 431, 1,87 2,2 2,76 3,23 Remarks K: Torque coeffi cient 1. The minimum tensile load and proof load given in the above table are derived from JIS B Yield load = Bearing force (lower yield point) Effective sectional area 3. Value calculated by permissible maximum axial force.7 Yield stress, maximum tightening torque (Tfmax) = Torque coeffi cient (K) Permissible maximum axial force (F) Nominal diameter (d) 4. Value of torque coeffi cient Value of K =.17 For oil lubrication, clamped material SS4, fi nish of clamped surface about 25S, internal thread material SS4, internal thread accuracy 6g or class 2 Value of K =.25 For electrogalvanizing, clamped material SS4, fi nish of clamped surface about 25S, internal thread material SCM, internal thread accuracy 6g or class 2 Supplementary information Value of K =.35 will result in the table shown above if the internal thread material is SS4. Recommended tightening torque (Tf) Recommended tightening torque (Tf) varies due to dispersion of the initial tightening force depending on the tool used. Recommended tightening torque (Tf) = Value for each tool Maximum tightening torque (Tfmax) Value for each tool 1) When clamped by hand :.65 Tfmax. 3) By a torque wrench or by a wrench with limit on torque :.85 Tfmax. 2) By an impact driver or an electric driver :.75 Tfmax. 4) By a torque wrench :.9 Tfmax. Note: The foregoing values are for reference purposes only. When in use, calculate an appropriate tightening torque in accordance with JIS B 183, JIS B 184 or other standard. Technical data Atención al Cliente

53 Technical Data Configuration and Dimension of Hexagon Socket Set Screw (Excerpts from JIS B ) e df s The inlet of hexagon socket can be rounded or chamfered. 9 or 12 *1 t d About 45 *2 Cone base l dp t Incomplete thread (2P and below) Borer base e s About 9 or 12 *1 45 *2 t d df The inlet of hexagon socket can be rounded or chamfered. Cone base l dp About 12 Incomplete thread (2P and below) t Borer base Nominal designation of screw (d) M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M1 M12 M16 M2 M24 Pitch (P) dp Maximum Minimum dz Maximum Minimum df Almost the diameter of screw groove e* 3 Minimum s* 4 Maximum Designation Minimum t Minimum* Minimum* l Nominal length Min. Max. (Reference) Outline mass per 1 units / kg (Density:7.85kg/dm 3 ) Flat point Concave point **1 For the nominal length ( l ) that is shorter than the stepped double line, perform a 12 of chamfering. **2 The angle of approx. 45 o corresponds to the slope portion below the core diameter. **3 e minimum= 1.14 x s minimum. Nominal diameter M1.6, M2 and M2.5 are excluded. **4 For s, use the specifi ed hexagon socket gauge to examine. * The upper value of *5 t minimum is applicable to the nominal length ( l ) shorter than the stepped double line. * The lower value of *6 t minimum is applicable to the nominal length ( l ) longer than the stepped double line. Remarks Technical data 1. The recommended nominal length ( l ) for nominal designation is indicated within the gray portion. 2. Dimensional symbols correspond to the JIS B The confi guration of hexagon socket base can be either cone or borer base. For a borer base, the bore depth must not be 1.2 times or more than the hexagon socket depth t. 16

54 s l Technical Data Configuration and Dimension of Hexagon Bar Wrench (Spanner) (Excerpts from JIS B ) R About 9 e L Confi guration/dimension [mm] Mechanical properties Nominal s e L I R Hardness (Min.)* designation Proof torque* 2 of spanner Rockwell Vickers Max. Min. Max. Min. About About About [N m] hardness hardness HRC 545HV HRC 513HV HRC 485HV HRC 446HV **1 The hardness corresponds to either Rockwell hardness or Vickers hardness. **2 A spanner will not be damaged by the torque or below. Avoid any abnormality such as unendurable torsion, deformation of hexagon shape or bending. Remarks Chamfering of spanner edge is not necessary if it can be inserted easily into the hexagon socket. If chamfering is required, leave the width across bolt (s) as shown in the right fi gure. Besides, the side surfaces of long and short shafts are at right angle to respective shafts. Therefore, it must not lean more than ±4. (Refer to the right fi gure.) Chamfering of spanner edge 9 ±4 Chamfering About 45 S Proof torque of strength class 45H (Reference) Nominal designation of screw (d) Proof torque [N m] Recommended tightening torque [N m] Spanner size M (2.6) (14) (18) Technical data Atención al Cliente

55 Technical Data Supplementary information How to Use Hexagon Socket Set Screws Shaft Diameter and Set Screw Size The impression of screw tip should clearly appear on the shaft cylinder surface. A correlation between non-tightening shaft diameter and set screw is shown as below. Screw tip impression Good example Bad example Correlation between set screw and shaft diameter shaft diameter [mm] (Example) Max. shaft diameter Min. shaft diameter set screw diameter [mm] If the Size of Set Screw Cannot be Enlarged Two set screws are sometimes used when a large shaft holding power is required. However, using two set screws does not necessarily mean that the shaft holding power becomes double. This is because shaft holding power is different depending on the open angle (alignment) between two set screws. The following diagram indicates the relationship between set screw open angle and shaft holding power. Set screw open angle and shaft holding power Magnification of shaft holding power per set screw Shaft Diameter and Shaft Holding Power The fixation limit (shaft holding power) of shaft and hub or fl ange is related to the friction factor between the tip of set screw and shaft. The fixation limit based on the data of examination results is described below. Non-tightening shaft diameter and shaft holding power (concave point) Shaft holding power [N cm] 1, 5, 1, 5 2 M5 T = 441N cm M3 T = 98N cm M4 T = 216N cm Shaft diameter [mm] * Shaft holding power of set screw is related to the size of non-tightening shaft diameter. Hardness and Shaft Holding Power Shaft holding power decreases as hardness of non-tightening shaft increases. The relationship between hardness and shaft holding power is described below. Set screw and shaft hardness and shaft holding power Decreasing rate of shaft holding power 1..5 Set screw HRC4 Set screw HRC Hardness of shaft [HRC] Set screw open angle [ ] In the case of one. Technical data 18

56 Set Screw and Length of Fit Because of the widespread use of zinc die casting or iron sintered alloy as internal thread material, the allowable load of internal thread decreases, and which can be a source of trouble. However, it can be solved by increasing the thickness of internal thread part. The relationship between length of fi t and material strength is described below. Strength of internal thread and set screw length of fit Lower limit of length of fit [mm] External thread outside diameter= JIS 2 Class max Pitch diameter of internal thread= MIN =Allowable shear stress of internal thread [N/mm 2 ] =98 =147 =196 =294 =392 Accuracy of Fit Between Shaft and Hub or Flange Bore As indicated below, shaft holding power does not decrease until shaft accuracy of h9. However, the effect of fi t accuracy is expected in the actual use environment. Fit accuracy with bush bore and shaft holding power Decreasing rate of shaft holding power 1..5 Reference: h7 h8 h9 h Fit gap between bore and shaft Socket screw group technology How to select and use hexagon socket set screw Shaft diameter 15 M5 Concave point M5 Flat point h11 M3-98 M4-216 M5-441 M6-735 Nominal designation-tightening torque [N cm] Off-center Amount of Internal Thread Bore If the internal thread bore is not centered from the shaft center, the shaft holding power may decrease. The following is the examination results using M4 set screw. Off-center amount of set screw bore and shaft holding power a Set screw=m4 Shaft diameter= 1 1. Decreasing rate of shaft holding power Off-center amount a [mm] Technical data Atención al Cliente

57 Technical Data Torque Wrench SFC- SA2/DA2 (Clamp bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque driver (preset type) Hexagon bit Coupling size M2.4 to.5 N6LTDK SB 1.5mm 5,1 M to 1.1 N12LTDK SB 2mm 1,2 M3 1.5 to 1.9 N2LTDK SB 2.5mm 3 M4 3.4 to 4.1 N5LTDK SB 3mm 35,4 M5 7. to 8.5 N1LTDK SB 4mm 5 Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (preset type) Hexagon head Coupling size M6 14 to 15 N23LCK 23HCK 5mm 6 M8 27 to 3 N45LCK 45HCK 6mm 8,9,1 SFS- S/W/G (Pressure bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (single function type) Spanner head Coupling size M5 8 N12SPCK 8N m 23SCK 8mm 5 M6 14 N23SPCK 14N m 23SCK 1mm 6,8,9,1 M8 34 N45SPCK 34N m 45SCK 13mm 12,14 SFS- S/W/G (Reamer bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (single function type) Spanner head Coupling size M5 8 N12SPCK 8N m 23SCK 8mm 5 M6 14 N23SPCK 14N m 23SCK 1mm 6,8 M8 34 N45SPCK 34N m 45SCK 13mm 9,1 M1 68 N9SPCK 68N m 9SCK 17mm 12 M N18SPCK 118N m 18SCK 19mm 14 SFS- SS/DS (Pressure bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (single function type) Spanner head Coupling size M6 14 N23SPCK 14N m 23SCK 1mm 8,9,1,12 M8 34 N45SPCK 34N m 45SCK 13mm 14 SFF- SS/DS (Pressure bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (single function type) Spanner head Coupling size M6 1 N12SPCK 1N m 23SCK 1mm 7,8,9,1 SFM SS/DS (Pressure bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (single function type) Hexagon head Coupling size M6 14 N23SPCK 14N m 23HCK 5mm 9,1,12 M8 34 N45SPCK 34N m 45HCK 6mm 14 SFH- S/G (Reamer bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (single function type) Spanner head Coupling size M8 34 N45SPCK 34N m 45SCK 13mm 15 M1 68 N9SPCK 68N m 9SCK 17mm 17 M N18SPCK 118N m 18SCK 19mm 19 M16 3 N44SPCK 3N m 44SCK 24mm 21,22 Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (preset type) Spanner head Coupling size M2 57 N7LCK 7SCK 3mm 26 Technical data 11

58 ALS- R/Y/B (Set screw) Nominal set screw size Tightening torque [N m] Torque driver (preset type) Hexagon bit Coupling size M3.7 N12LTDK SB 1.5mm M4 1.7 N2LTDK SB 2mm M5 3.6 N5LTDK SB 2.5mm M6 6. N1LTDK SB 3mm Nominal set screw size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (preset type) Hexagon head Coupling size M N23LCK 23HCK 4mm M1 28. N45LCK 45HCK 5mm ALS- R/Y/B (Clamp bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque driver (preset type) Hexagon bit Coupling size M2.4 N6LTDK SB 1.5mm 14 M N12LTDK SB 2mm 2 M3 1.5 N2LTDK SB 2.5mm 3 M5 7. N1LTDK SB 4mm 4 Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (preset type) Hexagon head Coupling size M6 14. N23LCK 23HCK 5mm 55 M8 3. N45LCK 45HCK 6mm 65,8 PSL-G G-C (Clamp bolt) Nominal bolt size Tightening torque [N m] Torque wrench (preset type) Hexagon head Applicable size M6 17. N23LCK 23HCK 5mm 19 to 4 M8 41. N45LCK 45HCK 5mm 42 to 65 M1 82. N9LCK 9HCK 5mm 7 to 95 M N18LCK 18HCK 5mm 1 to 12 Torque driver (preset type) N-LTDK Bit SB Torque wrench (single function type) N-SPCK Hexagon head HCK Torque wrench (preset type) N-LCK Spanner head SCK Technical data Atención al Cliente

59 Technical Data Physical and Mechanical Property of Metals Physical Property Metal material Ratio Longitudinal elastic modulus 1 3 [N/mm 2 ] Rigidity modulus 1 3 [N/mm 2 ] Thermal conductivity [W/(M k)] Thermal expansion 1 6 [1/k] Low-carbon steel (.8C to.12c) to to 11.6 Medium carbon steel (.4C to.5c) High-carbon steel (.8C to 1.6C) 7.81 to to 22 8 to to to 1.9 Chrome steel (SCr43) (3 to 47k) Chrome-molybdenum steel (SCM44) Martensitic stainless steel (SUS41) Austenitic stainless steel (SUS34) Tool steel (SKD6) (373k) 1.8 Gray iron (FC) 7.5 to to to to to 11.8 Nodular graphite cast iron (FCD) to Duralumin (A217-T4) Super duralumin (A224-T4) Extra super duralumin (A775-T6) Lautan (AC2A-T6) Silumin (AC3A-F) Aluminum casting alloy (AC4CH-T6) Aluminum die casting alloy (ADC12) Zinc die casting alloy (ZDC-2) Mechanical Property Metal material Yield point [N/mm 2 ] Tensile strength [N/mm 2 ] Hardness [HB] S2C-N to 174 S3C-N to 197 S3C-H to 212 S45C-N to 229 S45-H to 269 SS to 51 SCM to 352 SCM to 331 SUS or less SUS or less FC or less FC or less FC or less FC or less FCD or less FCD to 217 FCD to 241 A214-T A217-T A775-T Technical data 112

60 Approximate Converted Values of Steels to Rockwell Hardness of C Scale Rockwell C scale hardness (HRC) Vickers hardness (HV) Brinell hardness (HB) 1mm sphere Load 3kgf Standard sphere Tungsten carbide sphere A scale (HRA) Load 6kgf Diamond conical penetrator Rockwell hardness B scale (HRB) Load 1kgf Diameter 1.6mm (1/16in) sphere D scale (HRD) Load 1kgf Diamond conical penetrator Rockwell superfi cial hardness Diamond conical penetrator 15-N scale Load 15kgf 3-N scale Load 3kgf 45-N scale Load 45kgf Shore hardness (HS) Tensile strength [MPa] Approximate value) 1MPa= 1N/mm (739) (722) (75) (688) (67) (654) (634) (5) (487) (475) (464) (19.) (18.5) (18.) (17.5) (17.) (16.) (15.5) (14.5) (14.) (13.) (12.5) (11.5) (11.) Rockwell C scale hardness (HRC) (18) (18) (16) (16) (14) (14) (12) (12) (1) (1) (8) (8) (6) (6) (4) (4) (2) (2) () () * Boldface fi gures are derived from ASTM E 14. (Adjusted jointly by SAE, ASM and ASTM) * The fi gures in parentheses ( ) in the table are the ranges that are not frequently used and are shown for reference purposes only. Technical data Atención al Cliente

61 Technical Data Balance Quality of Rotation Equipment According to JIS B , balance quality is defined as a quantity that shows the balance of a rigid rotor and is a product between a specific unbalance and specified angular velocity. 1 G63 G16 Procedure for Deciding a Permissible Unbalance The following information (numerical values) on the rotor is required to determine a permissible unbalance. Maximum rotation speed at which the rotor will be used nmax Rotor mass m Rotor bearing position Position of balancing plane For more detailed calculations: Position of rotor mass center (center of gravity) is required. 1. A grade for balance quality is set based on the rotor type. The smaller the grade for balance quality, the higher the balancing accuracy. As explained in JIS, however, G1 and G.4 require particular caution. 2. The permissible specifi c residual unbalance eper is calculated based on the maximum rotation speed at which the rotor will actually be used. eper can be calculated from the following calculation formula or from the diagram on the right. Balance quality = e ω ω = 2πn/6 = n/9.55 n [min 1 ] ω [rad/s] Balance quality = e n The permissible specific residual unbalance is calculated based on the permissible specific residual unbalance and rotor mass. Permissible specific residual unbalance Uper = eperm [g mm] 4. Distribute actually the permissible specific residual unbalance to the unbalance of the balancing plane. (The distribution calculation method varies in accordance with the relationship among the bearing position, position and mass of balancing plane and position of the center of mass. For more information, refer to the explanation in JIS.) Permissible specific residual unbalance G25 G1 G4 G16 G G2.5 G1 G.4 Maximum rotation speed in practical operation Recommended Grade for Balance Quality for Various Rotating Machines (JIS B ) Balance quality grade Upper limit of balance quality mm/s (eper ω) Examples of rotor type G4 4 Rigidly-supported crank shafting* 2 of low-speed diesel engine for ship* 1 with odd number of cylinders G16 16 Rigidly-supported crank shafting* 2 of large two-cycle engine G63 63 Rigidly-supported crank shafting* 2 of large four-cycle engine Rigidly-supported crank shafting* 2 of diesel engine for ship* 1 G25 25 Rigidly-supported crank shafting* 2 of high-speed four-cylinder diesel engine* 1 G1 1 Crank shafting of high-speed diesel engine* 1 with 6 cylinders or more for completed products of engines for automobiles, trucks and rolling stock (gasoline or diesel). G4 4 Automotive wheels, rims, wheel sets and drive shafts Rigidly-supported high-speed four-cycle diesel engines* 1 with 6 cylinders or more Crank shafting* 2 of (gasoline or diesel) engines Crank shafting for automotive, truck and rolling stock engines* 2 G16 16 Drive shafts with special requirement (propeller shaft, Cardan shaft) Crusher parts Parts for agricultural machinery Parts for engines (gasoline and diesel) for automobiles, trucks and rolling stock and crank shafting* 2 with 6 cylinders or more with special requirement G Equipment for process plants Main-engine turbine wheels for ships (For merchant marine) Centrifugal separator drums Papermaking rolls, printing rolls Fans Aircraft gas turbine rollers after assembly Flywheels Pump impellers Parts for machine tools and general machinery Medium and large armatures of motors with a shaft center height of at least 8cm or more without special requirement Small armatures mainly for high-volume production for use in an environment less sensitive to vibration or with vibration isolation Parts for engines with special requirement Gas turbines, steam turbines and main turbines for ships (For merchant marine) Rigid turbo generator rotors Memory G drums for computers and disc turbo compressors Main shafts for machine tools Medium and large armatures with special requirement Small armatures (Except for G6.3 and G1 conditions) Turbine drive pumps G1 1 Rotating parts of tape recorders and acoustic equipment Abrasive wheel shafts of grinding machines Small armatures with special requirement G.4.4 Abrasive wheel shafts, abrasive wheels and armatures of precision grinding machines Gyroscopes * *1: Low-speed diesel engines are engines with a piston speed of 9m/s or less. High-speed diesel engines are engines with a piston speed of 1m/s or more. * *2: Crank shafting is an entire unit consisting of a crank shaft, fl ywheel, clutch, pulley, damper, rotating part of a connecting rod and other parts. *: The rotor mass of a completed engine product is the total mass of the entire crank shafting

62 Please Consult Our Website. More information on new products and on events such as tradeshows 1Multilingual Website (4 languages) Japanese, English, Chinese (simplified characters) and Korean. * Some product information is available in Japanese only. 1 Top page 2 Downloading Latest information including a catalog, instruction manual and CAD data can be downloaded. 5 Instruction manual PDF page 4 Catalog PDF page 3 Product information page 2 Page for introduction of products 3 Enriched content Abundant information other than product information also provided. 8 International network information page 7 Tradeshow information page 6 Advertisement and selfintroduction page Atención al Cliente