Rural ITS Safety Solution Systems (RITSS)!
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1 Rural ITS Safety Solution Systems (RITSS)! University of Minnesota Center for Transportation Studies! 22 nd Annual Transportation Research Conference! May 24-25, 2011! Thomas A. Sohrweide, PE, PTOE! SEH Inc.!
2 Problem! Minnesota Motor Vehicle Crash Facts, 2008! 455 fatalities down from 510 in 2007! 33,379 injuries down from 35,318 in 2007! Rural areas account for 2 out of 3 fatalities! 1/3 involve single vehicle! 2/3 involve 2 or more vehicles! 2008 crashes cost Minnesota $1.5 billion!
3 Underlying Causes" In Single Vehicle Crashes! Illegal or unsafe speed contributing factor most often cited for all drivers! In Multiple Vehicle Crashes! For drivers through age 64 driver inattention or distraction most often cited! Failure to yield second most common! Over Age 65 Pattern Reverses! Failure to yield most common! Driver inattention or distraction second most common!
4 Driving Conditions! Most Crashes Occur in Good Driving Conditions! 54% of fatal and 2/3 of nonfatal occur during daylight hours! Good Weather Conditions! 61% of fatal and 56% of nonfatal clear weather! Road Surface Condition for Fatal Crashes! Usually good! 10% on wet roads! 15% on snowy or icy roads! Road Surface Condition for Nonfatal Crashes! 60% of nonfatal on dry roads! 13% on wet roads! 25% on snowy or icy roads!
5 Goal! To develop low-cost, readily deployable, low maintenance systems that can be used to improve safety on rural roadways.!
6 RITSS! Driver Behavior Evaluation System (DBES)! Stop Sign Warning System (SSWS)! Curve Warning System (CWS)!
7 Project Inception! Mn/DOT Innovative Ideas Program! SEH! Network Transportation Technologies, LLC (NTT)!
8 Mn/DOT OTST! Mn/DOT Metro District! US DOT - FHWA! Minnesota Counties! Freeborn County! Hennepin County! McLeod County! Olmsted County! Otter Tail County! Washington County! Wright County! SEH / NTT! Independent Evaluation Consultant (Iteris)! Project Team!
9 Project Deliverables! Concept of Operations! System Requirements! System Design! Laboratory Test! Field Operational Test!
10 Rural ITS Toolbox!
11 Innovation! Merits of dynamic warning systems! Moving from research to reality! Leveraged work on Intersection Warning System (2007 Mn/DOT Innovative Ideas Program Project)! Off-the-shelf components! Solar-powered with battery backup! Modular design! Ease of installation and maintenance! Relative low-cost!
12 System Configurations!!"#$%& '$($%!"#$%& ;$3#+& /*(41$+"% )"*+%"##,%& -.,%&/*+,%0$1,& )"223*41$5"*.&6'$(4"7& )"*+%"##,%&!"#$% )"223*41$5"*.&6'$(4"7 8$9,%: 8$9,%: Detection Node! Warning Node!
13 Driver Behavior Evaluation System Concept! Need to know exactly what the problem is:! System to provide reliable data! Driver behavior underlying the problem! At rural intersection stop signs! Behavior of driver approaching stop sign! Behavior of driver on through road! Speed profiles! At horizontal curve! Behavior of driver approaching curve! Speed profile!
14 Driver Behavior Evaluation System! Hardware! Doppler radar! GPS receiver! Data logger! Battery powered with life of 3 weeks! Up to 4 devices to cover 4-way intersection! Single device to cover each approach to a curve! Software! Analysis and reporting strategies!
15 Driver Behavior Evaluation System Olmsted County, MN! TH 42/CSAH 9"
16
17 <8=!&<$+$&',>"%+&!&'(%)*+'%+,%!,*-%!&./% HMAFF&NO& HAFF&NO& B"+$#&C&"0& D,E41#,.& F&G&HF&2>E& C&"0&D,E41#,.& I&HF&2>E& <,1#,%$5"*&I& HJKL&0>. M & HHAFF&PO& BQBN@& 0*&/,%!-(('%12+&/%)*+'%*3%+,%4536(7% HF&2>E&>$1,&S& T&4*&>$1,&S& LU+E&P,%1,*5#,&!>,,(&S&& HMAFF&NO& HAFF&NO& B"+$#&C&"0& D,E41#,.&!>,,(& O,$*& O4*K& O$RK& HHAFF&PO& BQBN@&
18 Stop Sign Warning System " Concept! Radar-based detection to monitor speed profile of vehicle approaching a stop sign! Provide a flashing warning of the stop based on speed! Within normal stop profile No warning! Excessive speed detected flashing lights to alert driver!
19 Stop Sign Warning System! Hardware!! Doppler radar! Wireless link! Controller! Flasher stop sign! Fault notification! Software! Speed/distance data algorithm to set parameters! Determine spatial position of the vehicle! Activate flashers! On-Site Fault Notification Device!
20 Stop Sign Warning System" Design! Deceleration Rate = 14.8 ft/s 2! Maximum Approach Speed Design = 80 mph! Duration of Flash = Detection Speed / 14.8 ft/s 2! Enhance Border of Near Right Stop Sign!
21 Stop Sign Warning System Washington County, MN! CR 64 (McKusik Rd)/ CSAH 15 (Manning Ave)"
22 Stop Sign Warning System Washington County, MN! CR 64 (McKusik Rd)/ CSAH 15 (Manning Ave)!
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24 A6(3+.(%D(9&<E(%!-(('%A--3*+<9&/.%!,*-%!&./% UF& XUVKFFY?&JLKVW&2>E& JLLKFFY?&JUKWJ&2>E& VFLKMXY?&JUKXV&2>E& JU& JF&!,*."%&H&!,*."%&M& NZ,%$[,&<4.+$*1,& 0%"2&!+">&!4[*& N15Z$5"*& VU& VF& MU&!-(('%18-97% MF& HU& HF& U& F& LFF& XFF& WFF& UFF& JFF& VFF& MFF& HFF& F& :&;,+/<(%=3*8%;,*-%;&./%1>7%
25 !+">&!4[*&\$%*4*[&!:.+,2& P,%0"%2$*1,& $58F(3%*=%A<B6+B*/;% :53&/.%G&(E'%H-(3+B*/+E% I(;,%!5<<(;;=5E% A<B6+B*/;% 1J/+8F&.5*5;7% $58F(3%*=%A<B6+B*/;% )(K5&3&/.%:(<(E(3+B*/% H5,;&'(%I+3.(,%1LMNO%=-;7% WMH& JLW& HVU& XLKVT& MHKXT&
26 Curve Warning System" Concept! Radar-based detection to monitor speed profile of vehicle approaching a horizontal curve! Provide a flashing warning of the curve ahead based on speed! Within normal stop profile No warning! Excessive speed detected flashing lights to alert driver!
27 Part of the Problem!
28 Curve Warning System Line of Sight!
29 Curve Warning System! Wright County, MN! CSAH 37!
30 Curve Warning System! Wright County, MN! CSAH 37!
31 Curve Warning System " Design! Deceleration Rate = 14.8 ft/s 2! Design for Curve Entry Speed = 47 mph! Maximum Approach Speed Design = 75 mph! Enhance Chevron Signs 3, 4, and 5! Duration of Flash = 4 seconds from curve entry (50 mph to Sign 5 from Curve Entry)!
32 Drivers View at Night!
33 System at Night!
34 XU& XF& WU& WF& UU&!-(('%18-97% UF& JU& JF& LFF& XFF& WFF& UFF& JFF& VFF& MFF& HFF& F& :&;,+/<(%=3*8%<536(%1>7%
35 A6(3+.(%D(9&<E(%!-((';%A--3*+<9&/.%4536(% WF& XUFKF]&U^KW& _)GMFF&$+&!,*."%& NZ,%$[,&<4.+$*1,&0%"2& )3%Z,&+"&!4[*&N15Z$5"*& _)GMFF&$+& )3%Z,& U^& UL& UX& UW&!-(('%18-97% UU& MVVKM]&UJKW& UJ& UV& LFF& XFF& WFF& UFF& JFF& VFF& MFF& HFF& FKF]&UMKJ& F& UM& :&;,+/<(%=3*8%<536(%1>7%
36 )3%Z,&\$%*4*[&!:.+,2&P,%0"%2$*1,& $58F(3%*=% A<B6+B*/;% :53&/.%G&(E'% H-(3+B*/+E%I(;,% G+E;(%A<B6+B*/;% 16(9&<E(;%+--3*+<9&/.% <536(%F(E*Q%,+3.(,% ;-(('%*=%MR%8-97% A<B6+B*/;%+,% :&;,+/<(%)(K5&3&/.% :(<(E(3+B*/%)+,(% #3(+,(3%,9+/%I+3.(,% 1LMNO%=-;7%!5<<(;;=5E%A<B6+B*/;% 1J/+8F&.5*5;7% MXUJ& MHXV& JUM& HM^& XLK^T& HWKJT& JKXT&
37 Current Status! DBES Testing May 2011! Final Evaluation and Report July 2011!
38 Questions?! Tom Sohrweide" SEH Inc." "
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