GETTING STARTED. newmotion.com

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1 GETTING STARTED newmotion.com

2 PAGE OF CONTENTS Getting started with your EV infrastructure The new world of electric vehicles Three types of plug-in electric vehicles EV industry support Electric vehicle infrastructure Buying an EV, charging at home The need for EV charging stations Reasons for installing EV charging stations What to consider before installing Sample of advanced features to be considered What you need to know The cost benefits of a full EV fleet Increasing optimisation of business charge points How to reduce your fleet operating costs 3 EV etiquette 8 rules 2

3 1 GETTING STARTED WITH YOUR EV INFRASTRUCTURE The new generation of Electric Vehicles EV is literally bringing the transportation industry to the front doorstep of property owners and managers everywhere. Until recently, the personal fueling habits of visiting drivers were not on the list of property owners top concerns. The new era of attractive, mass-market, consumer-friendly EVs is completely changing the way drivers fuel up their cars. Rather than going out of their way for a traditional fuel station stop, today s EV drivers usually charge up at home while they sleep and top off while at the places they already spend their time at work, or while dining, shopping, or enjoying recreation or entertainment. This EV movement brings opportunity and burden to property owners of all types government, commercial, retail, industrial and multi-tenant residential. Like it or not, property owners are getting into the business of offering fuel for the EV vehicles of their employees, tenants and visitors. This new trend can raise questions, opportunities, risk, rewards and expense. today s EV drivers usually charge up at home while they sleep As EV sales increase, facilities of all types will need to accommodate vehicle charging on their property. This handbook provides an introduction to some of the basics of this new and changing industry, the cost savings it can bring your business and some tips on how to get started on your own EV infrastructure. 3

4 1.1 THE NEW WORLD OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES The new age of mass-market Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs, or simply, EV ) is here as the Nissan Leaf and Chevrolet Volt kick-started the industry in 2010 and are on their third model years with faster charging options and enhanced features. As anticipated, new models from Ford, BMW, Toyota, Tesla and more have arrived in showrooms and on the roads. Plug-In Vehicle sales for Europe in 2016 set an all-time high by surpassing 66.4K vehicles sold, in The Netherlands, France, UK and Germany. EV sales growth is highlighted in the chart below. 60k 45k Netherlands United Kingdom France Germany 30k 15k

5 1.2 THREE TYPES OF PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES Plug-In Hybrid Vehicle (PHEV) Wheels powered by ICE and/or electric Motor Blended with gasoline engine to achieve higher speeds and torque Average Range: 42km (top PHEV models are the Mitsubishi Outlander, the Mercedes Benz C350e and the Volkswagen Golf GTE) Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) Wheels powered only by electric motor Gasoline generator powers the vehicle for extended driving Average Range Extension: 120km - 180km (models available with range extenders are the BMW i3 & Chevrolet Volt) Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) Wheels powered only by electric motor Depending on driving conditions, battery size Average Range: 291km (top BEV models are the Nissan Leaf, the Tesla Model S 90D and the Renault Zoe ) 5

6 1.3 EV INDUSTRY SUPPORT The push for Electric Vehicles is being accelerated through governments as well as the private sector. Public corporations are phasing low or zero-emission vehicles into their fleets to reduce toxic emissions and improve air quality. European and government investments for public charging infrastructure are becoming more commonplace. For example, in October 2016, the UK government announced a 10 million investment in workplace and residential charge points - as part of a 35 million investment in the ultra-low emission vehicle sector. The 7.5 million funding for workplace charge points, coupled with the 2.5 million for residential on-street infrastructure is clearly set to accelerate electric car uptake by enhancing motorists confidence and expanding charging options. While more than 90% of electric car charging takes place at home, this announcement gives drivers extra options and addresses a perceived lack of accessible chargepoints. Power utilities across Europe are offering incentives and special pricing packages that encourage the purchase of low and no-emission vehicles. Most utility programs offer cheaper electric rates at night to encourage off-peak charging when the power grid is not stressed. Government initiatives are designed to strengthen growth in clean tech job creation, improvements in air quality, and to reduce our dependence on oil. Governments are increasingly offering incentives to promote electric vehicles 6

7 1.4 ELECTRIC VEHICLE INFRASTRUCTURE The EV charging station industry is growing fast and changing rapidly. The industry refers to EV charging stations as Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment, or simply EVSE. The 3 types of charging stations Level 1 Level 2 Domestic Wall Socket Dedicated Charging Stations uses a standard 110/120-volt receptacle. A simple cord with an adapter uses a standard wall plug on one end and the EV s standard charging port on the other. This offers a slow and unsafe charge that takes most of the night or more to fill a BEV from empty to full. uses the SAE J1772 for faster charging. 208/240-volt. Level-2 is about twice the speed of a Level-1 (4-6 hours to fully charge a Nissan Leaf) and the global industry standard. With their relatively low cost and moderate electrical infrastructure demands, Level-2 stations have become the practical standard for the majority of sites. Keen eyes will notice a growing number of charging stations popping up in key public areas at retailers, public parking sites, workplace locations, parking structures and at residences. Early adopter host sites are still making headlines and are proud of their investments to encourage eco-friendly and emission-free vehicles. 7

8 Level 3 Fast Chargers (DC Current) uses DC Fast Charge: 480 volt, very fast charging for automobiles equipped with the Fast Charge option. DC Fast Charging can charge a Nissan Leaf to 80% of its capacity in less than 30 minutes. As the EV market develops, a larger amount of vehicle models are offering the fast charge port capability. Unlike Level-2 where there is one global standard, Level-3 chargers have at least two competing standards. These standards have regional roots yet both are battling for global dominance. It will take some time to see if the industry moves to a single option or if we live with two for the foreseeable future. CHAdeMO Cha-de-mo : The Nissan Leaf and the Mitsubishi i-miev offer a CHAdeMO Fast Charging port as an option in the US. SAE Combo Leverages the original J-1772 plug format and claims to help save auto makers money by having a single combo port. New car models from USA and Europe are said to be adopting this option Two short years ago, Level 3 charging seemed to be a long way off from practical deployment. However, recent developments are bringing DC Fast Charging to selected markets in Europe and abroad. The good news is that prices are dropping and more options are coming to market. As in most industries, there are a variety of options and features to consider that affect price and payback. 1.5 BUYING AN EV, CHARGING AT HOME EV dealers want to ensure their clients have an excellent ownership experience. This means the client needs to have access to proper charging infrastructure at home. There are a variety of programs available and EV dealers have become well versed in the home charging options for their buyers. Solutions vary and include dealer-recommended programs, local utility rebates, basic retail equipment purchase, and subscriptionstyle contracts that cover the cost of home charging and even some public charging. 8

9 1.6 THE NEED FOR EV CHARGING STATIONS 1.5 BUYING AN EV, CHARGING AT HOME 1.5 BUYING AN EV, CHARGING AT HOME Retailers are rewarded for their EVSE investments through shoppers that pick their EV-friendly locations over the competition. Workplaces see the rewards of happy employees who can top off their EV while at work. Local governments draw drivers to their cities though convenient EV charging infrastructure. Residential locations, apartments and parking structures offer EVSE as a competitive amenity to attract the EV driver population. EV charging stations are required across a variety of venues and can also help facilities meet their green initiatives: Parking complexes Commercial complexes, airports, shopping centers Government Cities, municipalities and governments - Public access to charging at downtown parking and shopping, and as an employer and for EV fleets Commercial and industrial Employer workplace locations and EV fleets Large Entertainment Venues Stadiums, Theme Parks, and Concert Venues Residential Single Family Safe, adequate charging is needed at every EV home Residential Multi-Family Multi-tenant building owners will need to accommodate EV drivers In 2011, NewMotion assisted Van der Valk, a leading hotel chain in the Netherlands, in becoming the first location where visitors can fully charge their EV during their stay, enabling them to meet yet another sustainability milestone. 9

10 1.7 MAIN REASONS TEAM FOR INSTALLING EV CHARGING STATIONS As Electric Vehicle adoption continues to grow, consumers will gravitate to places where they can charge up while doing other things like working, shopping or dining. Locations with EVSE can let customers charge up while they visit their location. Consider: A facility might reward employees who made early stage investments in non-petroleum transportation by offering free or subsidized charging Companies, universities and local governments want to show they are doing their part in helping their local government achieve energy independence while fostering environmental stewardship A large entertainment venue (stadium, theater, etc.) might offer close-up or covered EV charging and parking near the VIP section If the pursuit is a commercial endeavor, a facility can add a surcharge on top of a standard parking fee. even-though EVs can be more expensive, long-term savings can be made by going electric 10

11 1.8 WHAT TO CONSIDER BEFORE INSTALLING EV CHARGING STATIONS We at NewMotion believe facilities should consider EV infrastructure as part of a larger Sustainability or Energy-Efficiency strategy, not just an independent green project. The new EVSE load can alter the energy profile and pricing impact of a building. Fortunately, a balanced approach can help facilities offset the new load through other energy-reduction programs. Other considerations: 1. Government, commercial, retail, and public parking sites a. Requires engineering, electrical permits, and city planning approvals b. Additional electrical load requirements. Additional circuits, panels, meters, transformers might be needed, so it is wise to get an expert c. Wireless networking, software and billing system processes may be required d. Must select the best hardware/software manufacturer for the desired application e. Underground work to bring power from buildings to parking area f. Protect/preserve landscaping g. Training of building personnel to ensure proper operations and safety h. Bollards, signage, rules and parking enforcement need to be considered i. Commercial and public use Forward-looking discussions on the use of the chargers, equipment upgrade-ability, after-hour access, security, and flexibility in billing. 2. The right decisions will set up a bright future and ensure the EVSE is a great investment a. The electrical load created by the EVSE could significantly raise the cost of electricity. Higher electrical price tiers, especially during peak daytime hours, can negatively impact operating costs. b. NewMotion offers a holistic approach with customers to ensure in-building sustainable systems and processes are discussed and in place set to help offset the additional load of EV charging equipment. 11

12 1.9 SAMPLE OF ADVANCED FEATURES TO BE CONSIDERED The use of technology in charging stations brings features that provide additional value from a management and usability perspective. Manufacturers offer product options ranging from simple no-frills devices to technologically advanced networked systems with cloud-based software to track activity and create usage reports, such as our NewMotion charge points. For example: Facility Managers can limit access to their chargers through a number of identification options such as RFID and proximity card readers, key fobs, and PIN numbers - limiting unauthorised access. Smart charging stations feature a central control center that allows the connected units to be remotely monitored, accessed and serviced, 24/7. New payment models such as subscriptions similar to today s mobile service providing more cost-efficient and flexible solutions. Experience matters NewMotion has been involved with EV charging stations long before the new electric vehicles were even shipping. At this early stage, we have already installed hundreds of Level-2 charging stations in multiple regions. Our experience shows that beyond electrician excellence and certifications, the qualified service partner for installing EVSE requires exceptional customer skills, willingness, and ability to work with cities and utilities. Trusted Provider NewMotion exceeds the standards listed above and would like to become your provider of choice in this exciting yet complex new green market. As a solution provider, we can offer clients: Single source provider for consultation, selection, configuration and pricing, installation, permitting, testing and maintenance Close partnership to ensure you get the best information, the right fit, and the right solution for your site 12

13 2 WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW 2.1 THE COST BENEFITS OF A FULL EV FLEET High-quality charging hardware is critical. The costs of implementing an EV fleet are very different to those associated with non-electric vehicles. Upfront capital costs (purchase price) tend to be significantly higher than for petrol and diesel models, whereas running costs (fuel, maintenance, car tax) are much lower. If you are looking to electrifying most or all of your fleet, read on to discover the cost benefits you re unlocking. The costs of implementing an EV fleet are very different to those associated with non-electric vehicles. Upfront capital costs (purchase price) tend to be significantly higher than for petrol and diesel models, whereas running costs (fuel, maintenance, car tax) are much lower. If you are looking to electrifying most or all of on to discover the cost benefits you re unlocking. Outright Purchase Make sure you check any incentives or grants in place with your local government For outright purchases, it is generally thought that electric vehicles are more expensive to buy than their petrol or diesel equivalents. This picture is changing with increasing competition among manufacturers as more models come to market. Prices have been high due to battery costs and the R&D investment. To help make the car purchase offer look more attractive, some manufacturers sell the vehicle excluding the battery, which is then leased on an additional monthly contract. Make sure you include this cost in any forecasts you prepare. Cost of Ownership Whole life costs are already equal to or lower than petrol or diesel cars in many applications. Testing suggests that high quality traction batteries will probably have at least 80% of their initial capacity after 7 10 years. It is too early to say how an aging electric car and van fleet used on real roads will perform in a decade from now. 13

14 Vehicle Leasing As electric cars and vans tend to have a high purchase price but low running costs, leasing is often a better proposition indeed, some models (or battery packs) are only available on lease for this very reason. In addition, leasing removes the uncertainty about resale value. Grants A number of government incentives are now in place for electric cars and vans aimed at reducing whole life costs. Make sure you check any incentives or grants in place with your local government. Charging & Running Costs of a Full EV Fleet Charging costs are also very low due to the competitive price of electricity (fuel duty is zero-rated) and to the high efficiency of the vehicles themselves. Charging costs can be as low as 2p per mile (depending on tariff). For an annual mileage of around 10,000 miles per year, switching from a conventional to an electric car or van could save you around 800 in fuel costs alone. In the UK for example, drivers in and around London, have another major running cost to consider, which is the Congestion Charge. All electric cars currently receive the full Greener Vehicle Discount on the London Congestion Charge (although vehicles need to be registered and pay an annual 10 fee). With a 10 payable daily charge, this could provide a potential annual saving of over 2,

15 2.2 INCREASING OPTIMISATION OF BUSINESS CHARGE POINTS Charging your electric vehicle at work is a convenient way to load up whilst your car is parked during the day. But how will installation and optimisation of charge points change from a business point of view? It is becoming more important for businesses to offer charge points as a facility for any car that parks on the premises. Plus, for businesses with an EV fleet it becomes an essential operating factor. Increasing the optimisation of business charge points is equally important as offering them for any electric vehicle driver. Optimisation is comprised of two important factors: Ensuring each charge point is charging at its full capacity and ensuring each charge point is not left idle for a long period of time, so that the next charge session can be started as soon as one is concluded. By providing businesses control and communication with charge points on the premises, optimisation can be managed through the following functionalities: remote charge point control and disconnecting sessions once charging has been concluded, access to a charge point management dashboard, automated notifications, as well as optimal power balancing. With these functionalities, businesses will directly benefit from cost savings, as well as installing an efficient amount of charge points required at a workplace. 15

16 Three Best Ways to Optimise Charge Points Charge point management allows a business to optimise the usage via a dashboard showing them a detailed overview of all charging sessions on a respective charge point information such as who is, and has been charging, for how long, and when will their car be fully charged. This then allows a business owner to ensure that no charge point is left idle. Did you know? With remote charge point control, a business owner can easily start and stop charge sessions on their charge points. Through this, the charge sessions of electric cars that are fully charged can be stopped remotely. The charge cables are automatically unlocked. Charge points will no longer be occupied and other employees or visitors can charge their car right away. Receiving notifications regarding the status of charge points, such as changes from charging to occupied, allows EV drives in an organisation to know once an electric car is fully charged, and immediately start another session at that charge point. According to our charging data, EV s are plugged-in for 11 hours at a time on average. The average amount of kwh they charge is 7.5 kwh. PHEV s mostly charge on 3.7 kwh charge points and therefore take around 2 hours to charge 7.5 kwh. So, even though the EV s are connected for a long period of time on average, they do not charge large amounts of kwh s. From those 11 hours they are connected, they actually charge around 2 hours or less on average. This is where remote charge point control comes in allowing you to start and stop charge sessions anywhere and anytime remotely. charge points usage 11 hours parking time -2 hours charging time 16

17 2.3 HOW TO REDUCE YOUR FLEET OPERATING COSTS As fleet operators look to reduce operating costs, and maintain an efficient fleet, the case for electrifying a fleet becomes more and more appealing. With tax incentives in certain countries, better management overviews for electric vehicles and transparency in the total cost for operating an EV fleet, electric solutions are increasingly becoming an option that fleet operators are considering. The cost of ownership for an EV is significantly lower than their fossil fuel-hungry counterparts, as long as the EV is not underutilized. Looking at fuel savings alone, it is very easy to see how an EV can make financial sense compared to petrol equivalents. The cost of charging, training for drivers and capabilities in range, must all be taken into account in analysing monetary value, however there are several ways EVs can deliver upfront tangible benefits. Fuel Savings The cost of fueling a fleet will vary by region, but the economics for EVs make sense across the board. Comparing a Nissan Leaf to a Honda Civic, cost savings across an entire year of driving just over 6,200 miles, would amount to roughly 1,000* on fuel alone. This large amount of savings comes without using any specific form of a smart charging infrastructure, if a fleet participates in a smart charging program, the cost of charging is further reduced, opening the opportunity for increased savings. Smart charging programs can assist in increasing savings by maximising the utilisation of individual charge points via remote charge point control or by allowing fleet managers to view an overview of all charge points via an advanced status dashboard. 17

18 Reduced Maintenance & Repairs There are fewer moving parts in a full EV, making maintenance less expensive for fleet operators in the long run. An electric motor contains less moving parts, as compared to the hundreds of working parts in an internal combustion engine. There are not that many parts in an electric car motor that can wear out and, when they do, they are relatively simple to replace. Fleet operating costs OIL CHANGES are the most common form of maintenance necessary with internal combustion engine (ICE) cars. Full EV fleets do not need to take into account oil changes as a maintenance cost. BRAKE SYSTEM maintenance can be costly in any car, but the regenerative braking found in electric cars makes these repairs far fewer than what they are in gas cars since brake systems on these EV s typically last longer than those on conventional vehicles**. ENGINE AND TRANSMISSION REPAIRS are the most costly when operating ICE vehicles, especiallywhen not covered by a service contract. When the diagnosis is bad, fleet operators could be forced to give up on a vehicle. SPARK PLUGS AND ASSOCIATED WIRING are not found in electric vehicles, so this element of maintenance starts at zero for any EVs in operation. In ICE models, owners have to replace these parts at least once every 3,100 miles. 18

19 Insurance Savings The cost of insurance has many variables involved, but EVs have several positive factors to consider. Insurers take note of the fewer maintenance requirements (i.e. a longer brake-life decreases the odds of an accident due to faulty brakes). Advanced safety technology that often comes standard in electric cars also assists drivers in reducing the chance of a collision. According to Cover Hound, which ran a study on EVs compared to gasoline counterparts, they discovered that insurers consider plug-in drivers more responsible lowering their rates by as much as 39%***. The benefits in electrifying a fleet are clear for most fleet operators after the upfront cost in going electric, they can reap long term cost-savings during operation. With a smart charging solution in place, these savings can be further reduced, and increased utilisation of each charge point can be take effect. In addition to the fuel savings, reduced maintenance and advantages with insurers, it is understandable to see how electric vehicles are becoming the go-to option for fleets across the continent. *Consumption Data Used: 8.5L per 100km for Honda Civic and 15kW per 100km for Nissan Leaf & Fuel Price Data Used: euro/kwh 0.12 euro/ liter 1.52 **According to the Alternative Fuels Data Center *** Data from Cover Hound: Chevy Volt costs an average of $1,452 to insure for one year, while its non-electric counterpart, the Cadillac CTS, is $2,

20 3 EV ETIQUETTE - 8 RULES 1. EV Spots for EVs It s absolutely never acceptable for an internal combustion car to park in a spot designated for a plug-in car. That s a firm rule, no matter how crowded a parking lot is, and no matter how infrequently the charging location is used. 2. No Nasty Notes Electric car drivers should never leave nasty notes. If the charging spot you counted on using is ICEd a term referring to a charging spot occupied by an internal combustion engine car by all means, the plug-in driver should leave a note on the windshield explaining the predicament. The note can be firm, but should be expressed in polite language in a good-will gesture that will hopefullyconvince the offender not to make the mistake again. Don t charge if you don t need a charge 3. Charge Only When Necessary Don t charge if you don t need a charge. Leave the spot free for another EV driver that might need the charge to safely complete his or her daily travels. 4. Charge Up and Move On Only occupy a charging spot while your car is being charged. As soon as the charging session is completed either when your battery is full or when you have adequate range to comfortably reach your destination be prepared to unplug and move your car as soon as possible, making way for a fellow plug-in driver. (Many charging networks and car apps can be set to notify you by or text when your charging session is completed.) 20

21 5. It s Okay to Ask for a Charge If a charging spot you needed is being used, and you are able to park next to a car that is currently charging, it s perfectly fine to leave a note asking the owner to plug your car in after his or her session is complete. If you have receive such a note, honor the request. If the charging session requires a fee, you are obviously not obligated to activate the charging session (and incur a fee) although that kind gesture will likely be returned some day. As with any note left on a windshield, it s advisable to include your name and cell phone number so you can be contacted. 6. Don t Unplug Plug-in Hybrids... An owner of a pure electric car owner, like a Nissan LEAF, does NOT have the right to unplug a plug-in hybrid, such as a Chevy Volt just because that car has a back-up gas engine. 7. Except When Plug-in Hybrid Is Done Charging The exception to Rule #6 and applicable in fact to any other plug-in car says that it s okay for one plug-in car owner to unplug another car, if the first car has clearly finished charging. In this event, the driver who makes the switch should leave a note explaining why it was unplugged. The note should be full of gratitude and include your cell number. (Our Group Charge App has a notification function so drivers can contact each other prior to unplugging. Drivers should try to make contact prior to unplugging.) 8. Safety First Practice safe charging. The means properly managing the cord. Neatly wind the cord on its holder, and tuck it in so people will not trip on any excess length, or drive over it. 21

22 About NewMotion Headquartered in Amsterdam, NewMotion is a pioneering electric vehicle charging company offering over 30,000 cloud-connected smart charge points and has over 80,000 registered charge cards throughout Europe. NewMotion allows businesses and private users to charge their electric vehicles, using smart technology that monitors usage, helps plan your journey, manages costs and load balances power requirements from the national grid. With over seven years experience of designing, installing and managing smart charge points and services as well as charge networks, NewMotion is also a Red Dot Design award winning company, recognized for product design excellence. CONTACT US Keizersgracht DR Amsterdam customerservice@newmotion.com newmotion.com 22