Next Gen Electric Vehicle Charging: How utilities are using open standard platforms to manage load

Transcription

1 EVS28 KINTEX, Korea, May 3-6, 2015 Next Gen Electric Vehicle Charging: How utilities are using open standard platforms to manage load Lin-Zhuang Khoo Greenlots

2 About Greenlots Greenlots is a developer of the leading open stand ards-based enterprise software platform for electri c vehicle (EV) charging and grid management. Greenlots helps solve the payment and network m anagement problems created by proprietary EV ch arging networks while enhancing grid stability. We are the first charging network to be certified by OpenADR - enabling electric vehicles to be active grid participants.

3 What We Do Open Standards with OCPP and OpenADR OCPP communication betwe en charger and network OpenADR between utility and vehicles Guards against stranded ass ets by allowing owners to swa p networks without replacing hardware Network Management View your network in real-time Pull usage reports Set charging fees with utmost fl exiblity (/kwh, /hr, /session) Get alerted of any faults and st eps taken to rectify support number 24/7 Smart charging & DRLC Easy Driver Access Easy driver roaming Single access card Mobile app for search and acces s Pay for charging with credit cards RFID cards also supported support number 24/7 HARDWARE AGNOSTIC We work with leading charging hardware m anufacturers. Our solution has been tested extensively with hundreds of units already deployed. TURNKEY SOLUTIONS We help from start to finish (choosing a site > charger selection > commissioning > driv er engagement > ongoing support) to ensur e a seamless setup.

4 Our Work with Utilities United States Canada International

5 Next Generation EV Charging Yesterday Centralized Power Tomorrow Clean Distributed Resources Baseload Ge neration Peaker Gene ration Plug-in EV Plug-in EV Transmission Network Storage Distribution Network Flow Control Power Quality De vice Solar PV Wind Power Plant Factory Commercial Buildi ng Plug-in EV A successful Smart Charging / VGI platform needs: Advanced monitoring for predictability Stakeholder and consumer engagement Real-time data and coordination Robust pricing and billing to support variety Open and standardized systems of biz models in public, workplace, home ch arging

6 The Duck Curve 9pm Winter - January 31st 9am Summer - August 10t h California ISO forecasted grid load thru 2020 based on 33% renewables portfolio

7 EV Charging Workplace Charging 9am 9pm Public and workplace charging shadow duck curves perfectly Have to be demand-respondable for seasonality

8 Demand Response Work Project DRLC (demand response load control) enabled workplace charging pilot using OpenA DR 2.0b with dynamic pricing.70 Level 2 EVSE that can be curtailed to L1 with dynami c pricing at the point-of-sale across 8 SCE properties in So. Cal. Objective 1. Study real-world usage behavior in response to DR events 2. Determine price elasticity of workplace charging users 3. Observe minimum sized of EV fleet for impact on DR program Timing Now live thru 2016 Greenlots with Control Module Industries provided the turn-key Level 2 charging syste m with ADR capabilities. Upon plug-in, users choose between 3 prices: High for maximum charge, Medium for maximum charge but curtailed to L1 when called, Low for maximum charge and curtail ed to zero when called. This pricing is pushed day-ahead to all payment kiosks and we b software across locations. Users may also use the mobile app our check Greenlots portal for latest pricing and information about the DR event. When a DR event is called, users have the option to pay a fee to opt-out, unless it is a n emergency event. Users are notified via SMS and during events about the sev erity and duration.

9 Mirroring the Duck Curve 8pm Winter - January 31st 9am Summer - August 10th California ISO forecasted grid load thru 2020 based on 33% renewables portfolio

10 Residential Charging not just Time of Use Residential SF Bay Area Time of Day no ToU rates Time of Day off-peak at midnight Behavior heavily influenced by time-of-use rates, but ToU alone is insufficient Need to manage residential charging to avoid secondary peaks Key is to involve consumer to minimize user impact How to incentivize consumer to pay for smart L2 charging at home?

11 Charging with Automated Load Management Project In-depth demonstration and testing of charging stations with Sm art Energy 2.0 (SE2), OpenADR for local load management Objective To pilot multiple DCFCs or Level 2 stations with load managem ent operating on a feeder with limited capacity. The use of auto mated load management will ensure the total demand stays bel ow the capacity limit of the feeder, whilst minimizing user inconv enience Timing Q2 Q A subsidiary of BC Hydro, Powertech Labs has been working wi th Greenlots to demonstrate one of the most comprehensive op en standards smart charging systems. Greenlots is developing a platform for Powertech which takes m ultiple energy management standards and protocols (SEP2, Op enadr, OCPP) to create a network with the EV as a central loa d. The other major utility interest that the project will satisfy is th e concept of assets on the grid that can manage themselves ac cording to local constraints without the need for the utility to get involved ( set and forget ). This project will demonstrate the loa d management functionality using an EMS in the cloud instead of a physical device making smart charging decisions on-site.

12 Fast Charging Coincides with Peak Demand Slow Charging The most common type of charging provides alt ernating current to the vehicle s battery from an e xternal charger. Charging times can range from 4 to 12 hours for a full charge. Time of Day that Vehicle Trips Start Fast Charging Also known as DC quick charging, fast chargin g stations provide a direct current of electricity to the vehicle s battery from an external charger. Ch arging times can range from 0.5 to 2 hours for a f ull charge. Time of Day when Fast Charges Occur Leaf Fast Charge Profile

13 DCFC with Battery Storage DCFC without internal battery Peak Demand 15 min. DCFC with internal buffer battery Peak Demand Reduction Peak Demand Stored Energy AC Input from the Grid = Demand Charges DC output to the EV (10% AC/DC conv. Loss)

14 Piloting Using EVs for Wind Energy Storage Project German Ministry of Energy funded Project for Smart Charging Objective Managed (scheduled) charging to absorb excess wind energy at night Status Successfully completed: August 2011 until March 2012 Greenlots was selected in 2011 to work with Vattenfall, BMW and Daimler on a landmark smart grid project for the German Government in Berlin a nd Hamburg. The project was a commercial demonstration of using EV battery capacit y to absorb excess wind power at night, a growing issue in Germany. 65 Daimler Vito E-Cell and 25 BMW ActiveE vehicles were connected to the Vattenfall back-end and would charge according to the forecast wind ener gy generation for that night. Greenlots provided the HomePlug AV-enabled EVSE and played an integ ral part in system integration and testing, while Vattenfall provided control and grid software. When an EV plugs-in, a real-time association between the EVSE to EV is performed over power line communications (PLC) an d a charging instruction profile is downloaded to the EV. In 0.5A incremen ts, the charging could be adjusted up or down. This project help contribut ed to the formation of the HP-GP (Homeplug GreenPHY) standard now u sed for the CCS connector standard and ISO/IEC 15118

15 Two Pathways to Manage Charging Pilot of Two Use Cases for Smart Charging 1. Direct load control of EVSE by adjusting the PWM of the pilot signal compliant with EN Use Case 1:Adjust duty cycle via OCPP (XML-RPC) 2. Vehicle-led charging control - a grid load profile is sent to the vehicle upon plugging-in via PLC (Homeplug AV). The vehicle considers this information with user requirements to decide on a charging profile. Use Case 2:Grid forecast profile sent to EV via HomePlug AV

16 A Complete Smart Charging System Charging complete. User notified 11am complete 1pm complete Charging curtailed to L1 Charging scheduled to begin 11am Charging Stations Charging Stations Charging Stations Charging Stations Charging Stations Solar Greenlots SKY Solar Following User Payments/ Billing Open standards (OCPP, OpenADR) Charge Optimizati on Demand Charge reduction & offpeak charging Building Energy Management Energy Storage Customer Support and Engagement Consumer (Mobile Apps, Dashboard, Opt-in /-out, Real-time pricing ) Site Host (Earning reports, Utility notifications,, dynamic pricing)

17 Key Questions for VGI How can VGI or DR support commercial workplace charging? How should commercial customers deploy charging? (conside ring management, costs, type of EVSE, pricing) How can ADR be used to minimize local and system impacts of day-time charging? How will users respond to dynamic prices and load manageme nt? What is sweet spot pricing for L2, L1, curtailed charging? How can several DC fast chargers work simultaneously without overloading local capacity?

18 Contact Lin Khoo +1 (415) Greenlots North America nd Street San Francisco, CA (415) Greenlots Asia Pacific 52A Amoy Street Singapore