EU smart mobility and green vehicles orientations

Transcription

1 G-Drive: Green Development, Research and Innovation in Vehicle Engineering EU smart mobility and green vehicles orientations Final Conférence September 2016 Dominique BREUIL EIGSI La Rochelle

2 Smart Mobility A definition among others The wayto satisfya trip'sdemand, efficientlyand environmentally friendly Relies on 4 main components Adequate transport resources in all modes Energy: alternative/low emission fuels from(bio)lng to renewable Travel management (ITS in general) Human beings(from policy makers to travellers and logistic operators) : digitalisation, collaboration,

3 The discussion State of the art General objectives trends The current orientations based mainly on State of the Art on Alternative Fuels Transport Systems in the European Union, Final report, DG MOVE -Expert group on future transport fuels, July 2015 Communication "Decarbonisation" july 2016, DGMOVE Analysis of the White paper implementation, Commission staff working doc, july 2016 Keepingin mindgreen Drive master objectives and employabilityof ourfuture students

4 State of the art Road transport Electrification Cars (BEVs) : >300km availablein 2017 Vans /LDVs/ : 200km, Buses 100kms HDV : 19t exists, 35t prototypes Specialised professional vehicles: prototypes in some activity sectors (ex agriculture) LNG : HDV on the market Waterborne(marine, rivers, ) Development of LNG maritime and river (TEN T corridors) Around 2,500 ships in the world are powered by electric propulsion (tankers, ferries, cruise liners ) 90% gas turbine, 10% batteries (existing in sub marines, with Hydrogen) Shoreside electricity to be improved

5 State of the art Rail 60% of EU rail network already electrified = 80% traffic Difficulty of interoperability Aeronautic More Electric Aircraft : electrification of auxiliaries Fixedwings : hybrid (e-star) full electric (E Fan) Light aviation : several existing(pipistrel, Cessna,.) Limited use of bio fuels (intermediate solution)

6 State of the art Technical components of smart Mobility(all modes) Batteries, regularimprovements, researchon new chemistriesand charging optimisation R&I on all types of motorsand transmission systems: Power electronic: increasedutilisation of semiconductors, High temperature super conducting(hts) at research level infrastructure Fast charging with battery buffers exist although expensive CCS Combined Charging System has been agreed at EU level for High Power DC Charging while Type 2 as common normal power AC Induction is operating for buses LNG and biorfuels distribution

7 State of the art Social Good acceptance of the principles Lack of information (public, vehicle sellers,.) Difficultyto change modal behaviorfor almostall stakeholders(from citizens to logistic operators )

8 State of the art Frameworks and Regulations EU Level Several directives on Alternative Fuels (AF), low emission Clean transport package Stakeholders consultation (ex Sustainable Transport Forum) STRIA (Strategic Transport Research& Innovation Agenda). National level Inhomogeneous situations in EU National Policy Frameworkson AF to beproducedin Nov2016 incentives Local level Electro mobility measures rather than policies Access for EVs

9 Trends Demography and urbanisation

10 Trends Collaborative and sharing economy

11 Trends Digitalisation and mobility as a service

12 trends Vehicles automation and autonomy

13 Trends Increaseof societaldemandfor environment's consideration

14 Trends Growth of insecurity threats

15 Policy, targetsand objectives Generic: White paper2011 and outcomes(directives, studies, packages, forums.) Road transport : IEA world wide

16 Policy, targetsand objectives Waterborne International Maritime Organisation : reductions accordingthe size of ships, 2050 zeroemissionfor <100 miles or small ships and in entering EU, shoreside electrification Aeronautics EU Flight Path 2050 :reduction75% Co 2, 90% Nox, 65% perceived noise, airport zero emissions, electerification according the size of the planes Rail Carbonfree trains in EU by 2050 and Zeroemission

17 EU Orientations for low emissionsmobility Optimizing the transport system and improving its efficiency digital mobilitysolutions >>> cooperative ITS Fair and efficient pricing in transport Distance based road charging CO 2 differentiation Promoting muli modality Multimodal core networks Domestic buses and coaches

18 Scaling up the use of Low emission Alternative Energy Effective framework fo low emission alternative energy Advanced biofuels(no food based) LNG Infrastructure National policy frameworks for Charging and Natural Gas stations (Nov 2016) Stakeholder platforms(ex STF) Interoperability and standardisation for E Mobility

19 Moving towards ZEV Improvements on vehicles testing to improve trust of customers New procedure, worlwide Post 2020 strategyfor cars and vans Post 2020 standards on CO 2 Specific targets for ZEVs(2030 tbd) Domestic production for new generation of electric batteries Improvement of consumers awarenes and motivation (tax instrument) Post 2020 strategy for lorries, buses and coaches Certification and monitoring of certifieddata for CO 2 and fuel consumption Acceleration for standardisation Adaptation to the vehicles categories

20 Enabling environment for low emission mobility Links between transport and energy(energy Union) Optimisation of electricity distribution Connections Evs >> grid Research Innovation and competitivenes Immediate focus on ZEV (cf battery production, bio fuels ) Support to industrial investment in R&I All stakeholders of the automotive value chain Digital technologies Frameworks and standards to ensure interoperabiltiy Enlarging data access

21 Enabling environment for low emission mobility Skills Initiative "Blueprint for sectoral corporation on Skills" Investment Adaptation/ focus of EU instruments, Funding(ex 39 billion /70 in Eu Structural and Investment Funds are for lowemissionmobility, 6,4 in H2020 and CEF 24 Actions by Cities Smart Cities and Communities CIVITAS.. Global action on international transport : aeronautics, waterborne.

22 Conclusions Electro mobility and (Bio) gas show several advantages regarding the achievment of the targeted objective Pollution (emissions, noise, ) Energy consumption: use of renewable energies, disseminated storage. Energy independence Increased comfort and security(up to autonomous vehicles) But there are several barriers Electric storage: costs, density Availability/ affordability of the energy(bio methaneproduction, Renewable, ) Accessibility to energy(interoperability, distribution network ) Restricted choices of vehicles, procurement Behaviour changes Lack of competences

23 Conclusions And threats: China, US competitorsin all modes Production of storage components But drivers and strenghts are present like Social pressure Involvment of industries (all modes) in R&I and market Sectorial leaderchips in each mode

24 Conclusion of the Conclusion New Business models to be found Modal behavioural changes required Plentyof jobs in the comingyears, in all industrial sectors from Research to maintenance Necessity to develop skills and competences At all level(technicians to PhD) From now

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26 The improvement of the range of EV s to km will be a key success factor the coming years. short range, up to 150 km, low cost electric vehicles effective in city environments(light vehicles)