Prepared for: SEAT BELT USE SURVEY OTS Grant Number 23-CP-4 UNLV Account Number DK. Final Report UNLV/TRC/PR/03-09.

Transcription

1 Prepared for: Office of Traffic Safety Division of Traffic Safety Department of Motor Vehicles and Public Safety 55 Wright Way Carson City, NV SEAT BELT USE SURVEY OTS Grant Number 23-CP-4 UNLV Account Number DK Final Report UNLV/TRC/PR/03-09 October 30, 2003 Walter C. Vodrazka, Jr Transportation System Analyst Natachai Wongchavalidkul Graduate Student Shashi Nambisan, Ph.D., P.E. Director and Professor of Civil Engineering Transportation Research Center Howard R. Hughes College of Engineering University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 Maryland Parkway, Box Las Vegas, NV

2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Statewide average for seat belt use in the State of Nevada is 78.7 percent. This was determined by conducting a seat belt usage survey throughout the State of Nevada at 50 locations. These locations were identical to the ones used in previous seat belt surveys conducted by NDOT. These sites were originally selected using National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) guidelines based upon annual vehicle miles of travel. There are at least three locations on each of six functional classifications. Each site was monitored during the peak traffic period (June through August) with 400 observations recorded at one time. A total of 20,000 vehicles were observed during the survey process. A summary of the usage rates by functional classification is given in Table Ion the following page. Only front seat occupants were used for this survey. In addition to the use of a seat belt, the state registration, type of vehicle, and ethnicity of each occupant were recorded. Of the 20,000 vehicles observed, 16,239 (81.2 percent) had Nevada plates. The seat belt usage rate for front seat occupants in the Nevada vehicles was 76.8 percent. Usage rates by gender were also determined. The usage rate for Nevada females (82.3 percent) was higher than Nevada males (72.9 percent). Usage rates were determined by vehicle type with no consideration to the State of registration. Usage rates were determined for sedans (81.6 percent), pick-up trucks (70.5 percent), station wagons (82.3 percent), vans (78.9 percent), and sports utility vehicles (83.1 percent). Usage rates were determined by ethnicity with no consideration to State of registration. Usage rates were determined for Blacks (74.6 percent), Hispanics (69.4 percent), Whites (80.3 percent), and others (71.5 percent) Some observations from the study are: 1. Usage Rates for all categories shown in Table I were higher for those locations classified as Rural then those classified as Urban. 2. For the All Occupants category, the highest usage rate was observed at the Rural Interstate locations (86.63 percent) and the lowest was observed at the Urban Collector locations (69.92 percent). 3. When comparing the 2003 statewide usage rate with the 2002 statewide usage rate, each category had an increase in observed usage rate. 4. When comparing the 2003 usage rate with the 2002 usage rate by functional classification, there were increases in usage rates for each category for the Urban Arterials, Urban Collectors, Rural Interstates, and Rural Arterials. For the Urban Interstates the only decrease in usage rate was observed for front seat passengers (78.1 percent to 77.2 percent). For the Rural Collectors the only decreases in usage rates were observed with the front seat passengers (73.8 percent to 73.1 percent) and the non- Nevadan vehicle occupants (81.6 percent to 80.2 percent).

3 Table I Seat Belt Usage by Functional Classification Functional Classification Passengers All Nevada s s Occupants Occupants Foreign Occupants Urban Interstate Urban Arterial Urban Collector Rural Interstate Rural Arterial Rural Collector Total

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements Introduction Site Selection Sample Size Determination Survey Instrument Survey Methodology Observations Analysis of Data LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Urban Interstates Figure 2 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Northern Urban Arterials Figure 3 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Southern Urban Arterials Figure 4 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Urban Collectors Figure 5 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Rural Locations Figure 6 Sample Survey Form Figure 7 Seat Belt Usage Rates for Observed Figure 8 Seat Belt Usage Rates for Vehicle Occupants Figure 9 Usage Rate Comparison for Urban Interstate Figure 10 Usage Rate Comparison for Urban Arterials Figure 11 Usage Rate Comparison for Urban Collectors Figure 12 Usage Rate Comparison for Rural Interstates Figure 13 Usage Rate Comparison for Rural Arterials Figure 14 Usage Rate Comparison for Rural Collectors Figure 15 Usage Rate Comparison Statewide

5 LIST OF TABLES Table I Seat Belt Usage by Functional Classification Table 1 Observation Locations for Seat Belt Usage Study Table 2 Seat Belt Usage by Functional Classification Table 3 Percentage of Seat Belt Use by Observation Location Table 4 Raw Numbers of Seat Belt Use by Observation Location Table 5 Front Seat Passenger Seat Belt Usage by Gender and Age Estimation by Observation Location Table 6 Seat Belt Use by Gender for Nevada Vehicle Registration by Observation Location Table 7 Seat Belt Use for Nevada Registered Vehicles by Functional Classification (16,239 Vehicles) Table 8 Seat Belt Use for California Registered Vehicles by Functional Classification (1,935 Vehicles) Table 9 Seat Belt Use for Vehicles Registered in Other States by Functional Classification (1,826 Vehicles) Table 10 Seat Belt Use by Vehicle Type by Observation Location Table 11 Seat Belt Use for Sedans by Functional Classification (8,321 Vehicles) Table 12 Seat Belt Use for Pick-up Trucks by Functional Classification (5,534 Vehicles) Table 13 Seat Belt Use for Station Wagons by Functional Classification (679 Vehicles) Table 14 Seat Belt Use for Vans by Functional Classification (1,687 Vehicles) Table 15 Seat Belt Use for Sports Utility Vehicles by Functional Classification (3,779 Vehicles) Table 16 Seat Beat Use for White by Observation Location Table 17 Seat Belt Use for Non-White by Observation Location Table 18 Seat Belt Use for Black and White by Functional Classification Table 19 Seat Belt Use for Hispanic and Other by Functional Classification Table 20 Seat Belt Use for Black and White Passengers by Functional Classification Table 21 Seat Belt Use for Hispanic and Other Passengers by Functional Classification Table 22 Seat Belt Use for Black and White Front Seat Occupants by Functional Classification Table 23 Seat Belt Use for Hispanic and Other Front Seat Occupants by Functional Classification

6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors are grateful to a number of individuals and organizations who provided invaluable support during the course of the project. Several students and staff from UNLV TRC were instrumental in the data collection efforts. The guidance and support provided by Charles Abbott, Traci Filippi, and Bruce Mackey of the Office of Traffic Safety was appreciated. Cooperation offered by various business made the data collection possible. We appreciate this cooperation.

7 SEAT BELT USE STUDY INTRODUCTION The Nevada Office of Traffic Safety (OTS) has contracted the Transportation Research Center (TRC) at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) to refine the existing procedures and perform a seat belt usage survey for the State of Nevada. The TRC developed the survey techniques using federal guidelines, the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) Seat Belt Use Survey Plan, and comments received from OTS staff. The TRC conducted surveys throughout the State at 50 sites for the Statewide Usage Rate. SITE SELECTION The TRC conducted the seat belt usage survey at 50 locations throughout the State of Nevada. The locations of these sites were identical to the sites used in the previous Seat Belt Use Studies conducted by NDOT. The 50 sites were originally selected by NDOT using National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) guidelines for State Observational Surveys of Seat Belt Use and distributed by functional classification proportionate to the statewide Annual Vehicle Miles of Travel (AVMT), with a minimum of two monitoring sites per functional classification. 1 The decision to use the existing observation locations was made to keep continuity with the previous seat belt use studies, thus allowing for comparisons to be made between the studies. The observation locations have remained the same since at least the 1997 survey. The 50 sites are at locations where stopped or slow moving traffic can be observed. The observation locations are shown in Table 1 at the end of this document. Figures 1 through 5 show the observation locations. SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION The TRC collected 400 observations or samples at each location. This number was based on the previous studies conducted by NDOT and reviewed using statistical methods. The previous studies cite a 95 percent confidence level and 5 percent tolerable error. These numbers indicate that there is a 95 percent probability (confidence level) that the observed usage rate will be within the actual usage rate plus or minus the 5 percent tolerable error. In order to properly estimate the needed number of observations, either a usage rate from an earlier study or an estimate of the usage rate is needed. For this calculation the TRC elected to use a 50 percent usage rate for this calculation instead of generating estimates based on the results of the previous studies. This usage rate was considered a starting point for the calculations since it generated the highest number of needed observations. Using the 50 percent usage rate as a starting point also yields a conservative estimate of the sample size required. 1 Nevada Department of Transportation, Seat Belt Use Study 2000, NDOT in cooperation with the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles Office of Traffic Safety, 2000.

8 A binomial distribution was assumed for the data. Thus, the corresponding equation used to determine the number of observations is shown in Equation 1. Equation (1) where, n is the number of needed observations, z is the standard normal deviate appropriate for the desired confidence level, P is initial or anticipated estimated usage rate, and e is the tolerable error. The minimum number of needed observations for each study group was calculated to be rounded up to 385 for a 95 percent confidence level and a five percent tolerable error. After determining that the minimum number of observations was below the number used in the previous studies, the TRC decided to use the same number of observations for this study. This was done to keep continuity with the previous seat belt use studies. In keeping with the guidelines established by NDOT in the previous studies, the observations were made during daylight hours and on every day of the week. Each functional classification had observations made at locations on both weekdays and weekends. Each site was monitored during the peak traffic period (June through August) with 400 observations recorded at one time. SURVEY INSTRUMENT (FORM) After reviewing the information collected during the previous studies, the TRC developed a draft survey form to be used to collect field observations. The form was developed with two primary considerations; 1) ease of use in the field, and 2) ease of use during data entry. A sample of the survey form is shown in Figure 6 at the end of this document. Each survey form will have 25 rows for data entry (25 observations per page). The information collected in the field will consist of the following: 1) Driver seat belt use or non-use 2) Front seat passenger seat belt use or non-use 3) Driver and passenger gender 4) Driver and passenger race 5) State of vehicle registration 6) Approximate age range of passenger 7) Vehicle type

9 The rows are divided into eight boxes. The first three boxes are for the vehicle driver, the second three boxes are for the front seat passenger, the seventh box is for the vehicle registration information, and the eighth box is for vehicle type. The driver and front seat passenger gender and age range will be recorded using one of the following letters; M (Man), W (Woman), B (Boy), or G (Girl). If there is more than one front seat passenger, additional letters will be used to record those observations. The approximate age range of the front seat passenger will be recorded using M or W for passengers appearing to be 17 or older and B or G for passengers appearing to be under 17. The race of the driver and passengers will be recorded using W for white, B for black, H for Hispanic, and O for other. The vehicle registration information will be recorded using the letter N for Nevadan vehicles, C for Californian vehicles, and the letter O for vehicles from other states or countries. The vehicle type information will be recorded on the form using the following codes: sedan (1), pick-up (2), station wagon (3), van (4) and sports utility vehicle (5). SURVEY METHODOLOGY The observations were conducted during the daylight hours every day of the week in good weather. Each functional classification had observations made at locations on both weekdays and weekends. Each site was monitored during the peak traffic period (June through August) with 400 observations recorded at one time. The surveys were conducted by two-person teams at the locations listed in Table 1. Each team recorded information on at least every third vehicle that passed their location. For locations where observations were made in only one direction the team members switched off after recording one page of data (25 observations). At locations where observations were made in both directions, each team member recorded observations at the same time on opposite sides of the roadway. OBSERVATIONS Seat belt usage surveys have been completed at the 50 sites. The data have been entered for the 50 sites. This data amounts to 20,000 observations. Table 1 shows the dates that the surveys were conducted and when the data was entered in the database. ANALYSIS OF DATA The Statewide seatbelt usage rate for front seat vehicle occupants in the state of Nevada was observed to be 78.7 percent. The usage rate for drivers was observed at 78.6 percent and the usage rate for front seat passengers was observed to be 79.1 percent. The seat belt use observed during the surveys are shown in Tables 2, 3, and 4. Table 2 shows the information by functional classification, Table 3 shows the information by observation location as percentages and Table 4 shows the information as numbers. The tables show the information for the following categories: 1) All occupants 2) 3) 4)

10 5) Passengers 6) Nevadans 7) Californians 8) Other Table 5 shows a breakdown of the seat belt usage by front seat passengers by gender and age estimation by observation location. Table 6 shows a breakdown of the seat belt usage by males and females for Nevada vehicles by observation location. Tables 7 through 9 show seat belt use by functional classification for vehicles registered in Nevada, California, and other states. Table 10 shows a breakdown of the seat belt usage by vehicle type for each observation location. Tables 11 through 15 show seat belt use by functional classification for sedans, pick-up trucks, station wagons, vans, and sport utility vehicles. Table 16 shows a breakdown of seat belt usage for white drivers and Table 17 shows a breakdown for non-white drivers. Tables 16 and 17 show the information by observation location. Tables 18 through 23 show seat belt use for ethnicity by functional classification. Tables 18 and 19 show seat belt use for drivers, Tables 20 and 21 show seat belt use for passengers, and Table 22 and 23 show seat belt use for all front seat occupants. A total of 20,000 vehicles were observed during the survey period, 400 observations at each location. Vehicle with Nevada plates accounted for 81.2 percent (16,239) of the vehicles. The seat belt usage rate for front seat occupants in the Nevada vehicles was 76.8 percent. Usage rates were determined for sedans (81.6 percent), pick-up trucks (70.5 percent), station wagons (82.3 percent), vans (78.9 percent), and sport utility vehicles (83.1 percent). Usage rates by gender were also determined. The usage rate for Nevada females (82.3 percent) was higher than Nevada males (72.9 percent). Figure 7 shows the usage rates for observed drivers and Figure 8 shows the usage rates for observed front seat occupants, both of these figures are shown by gender. COMPARISON TO PREVIOUS SURVEY The data collected during the 2003 survey was compared to data reported by the Nevada Department of Transportation in the 2000 Seat Belt Use Study and the TRC in the 2001 and 2002 Seat Belt Usage Surveys. Figures 9 through 14 show the comparisons of previous survey results for the six facility types used during this survey. Figure 15 shows the statewide comparison. These seven figures show the usage rates for drivers, passengers, all occupants, male occupants, female occupants, Nevada Occupants, and foreign (Non-Nevadan) occupants. These figures show that the seat belt usage rate went up for almost every category for the six roadway classifications and did go up for every category for the Statewide comparison.

11 Figure 1 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Urban Interstates

12 Figure 2 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Northern Urban Arterials

13 Figure 3 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Southern Urban Arterials

14 Figure 4 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Urban Collectors

15 Figure 5 Seat Belt Usage Survey Locations - Rural Locations

16 Seat Belt Usage Survey Date: Locations Number: City: Start Time (for sheet): End Time (for sheet): Weather: Vehicle Driver Passenger State Vehicle Type SB No SB Race SB No SB Race SB: Seat Belt Used No SB: No Seat Belt Used Mark as M (man), W (woman), B (boy), or G (girl) Mark additional marks for multiple front seat passengers Mark as W (white), B (black), H (hispanic), or O (other) Mark as N (Nevada), C (California), or O (other) Mark as Sedan (1), Pick-up (2), Station Wagon (3), Van (4), or SUV (5)

17 Figure 6 Sample Survey Form

18 Figure 7 Seat Belt Usage Rates for Observed

19 Figure 8 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Vehicle Occupants

20 Figure 9 Usage Rate Comparison for Urban Interstates:

21 Figu 10 Usage Rate Comparison for Urban Arterials: re

22 Figure 11 Usage Rate Comparison for Urban Collectors:

23 Figure 12 Usage Rate Comparison for Rural Interstates:

24 Figure 13 Usage Rate Comparison for Rural Arterials:

25 Figu 14 Usage Rate Comparison for Rural Collectors: re

26 Figure 15 Usage Rate Comparison Statewide:

27 Table 1 Observation Locations for Seat Belt Usage Study Urban Interstates Site Location Survey Data Entry 1 I-15 IN Las Vegas, at the Tropicana Ave Interchange (NB Off-ramp) 6/3/03 6/9/03 2 I-15 in Las Vegas, at the Dunes-Flamingo Rd. Interchange 6/3/03 6/9/03 (SB On-ramp) 3 I-15 in Las Vegas, at the Spring Mountain Rd. Interchange 6/5/03 6/9/03 (SB Off-ramp) 4 I-80 in Reno, at the Virginia St. Interchange (EB On-ramp) 6/4/03 6/10/03 5 I-80 in Sparks, at the East McCarran Blvd Interchange (WB On-ramp) 6/4/03 6/9/03 Urban Arterials Site Location Survey Data Entry 6 US 95 in Las Vegas, at the Jones Blvd Interchange (NB Offramp) 6/6/03 6/14/03 7 US 395 in Reno, at the Patriot Interchange (NB On-ramp) 6/4/03 6/14/03 8 SR 582 (Boulder Highway) in Las Vegas, at Tropicana Ave 6/3/03 6/14/03 (NB) 9 SR 599 (Rancho Rd.) in Las Vegas, at Vegas Dr (SB) 6/5/03 6/14/03 10 SR 593 (Tropicana Ave) in Las Vegas, at Maryland Parkway 6/5/03 6/14/03 (WB) 11 SR 587 (Charleston Blvd) in Las Vegas, at Rancho Rd (EB) 6/5/03 6/14/03 12 SR 612 (Nellis Blvd) in Las Vegas, at Sahara Ave (SB) 6/6/03 6/16/03 13 SR 605 (Paradise Rd) in Las Vegas, at Flamingo Rd (NB) 6/6/03 6/16/03 14 SR 661 (Virginia St) in Reno, at South McCarron (SB) 6/4/03 6/14/03 15 SR 650 (McCarron Blvd) in Sparks, at Pyramid Way (EB) 6/4/03 6/16/03 16 US 50 in Carson City, at N. Edmonds Dr (EB) 6/3/03 6/16/03 17 SR 600 (Martin Luther King Blvd) in Las Vegas, at 6/5/03 6/17/03 Charleston Blvd (SB) 18 SR 595 (Rainbow Blvd) in Las Vegas, at Spring Mountain Rd 6/5/03 6/17/03 (NB) 19 SR 567 (Pueblo Blvd) in Henderson, at Lake Mead Dr 6/7/03 6/15/03 (BOTH) 20 SR 566 (Pacific Ave) in Henderson, at Van Wagenen St (SB) 6/7/03 6/16/03 21 SR 648 (Glendale Ave) in Sparks, at Rock Blvd (WB) 6/4/03 6/16/03 22 SR 663 (Oddie Blvd) in Sparks, at El Rancho Dr (EB) 6/4/03 6/16/03 23 SR 513 (Fifth St) in Carson City, at Saliman Rd (WB) 6/3/03 6/16/03 24 SR 511 (Washington St) in Carson City, at Division St (WB) 6/3/03 6/16/03 25 SR 28 in Incline Village, at Country Club Dr (WB) 6/2/03 6/16/03

28 Table 1 (Continued) Observation Locations for Seat Belt Usage Study Urban Collectors Site Location Survey Data Entry 26 SR 539 (Cedar St) in Elko, at Fifth St (WB) 6/3/03 6/9/03 27 SR 502 (Buchanan Blvd) in Boulder City, at Adams Blvd 6/3/03 6/15/03 (NB) 28 SR 901 (Lake Shore Blvd) in Incline Village, at Village Blvd (EB) 6/2/03 6/12/03 Rural Interstates Site Location Survey Data Entry 29 I-15 S. of Las Vegas, between the Henderson & Arden Interchanges (NB) 6/2/03 6/10/03 30 I-15 N. of Las Vegas, between the Craig Rd. & Lamb Blvd 6/6/03 6/10/03 Interchanges (SB) 31 I-80 W. of Reno, between the Verdi & Garson Rd 6/5/03 6/10/03 Interchanges (WB) 32 I-80 E. of Fernley, between the E. Fernley & Nightingale 6/4/03 6/11/03 Interchanges (EB) 33 I-80 W. of Winnemucca, between the Imlay & Mill City 6/2/03 6/11/03 Interchanges (WB) 34 I-80 E. of Winnemucca, between the Winn Blvd E. & 6/2/03 6/11/03 Button Pt. Interchanges (EB) 35 I-80 W. of Battle Mountain, between the Mote & W. Battle 6/2/03 6/12/03 Mtn Interchanges (WB) 36 I-80 E. of Elko, between the E. Elko & Osino Interchanges (EB) 6/3/03 6/12/03

29 Table 1 (Continued) Observation Locations for Seat Belt Usage Study Rural Arterials Site Location Survey Data entry 37 US 95 N of Las Vegas, between FAS 157 & Indian Springs (NB) 6/6/03 6/12/03 38 US 95 at the RR Pass Interchange (SB Off-ramp) 6/3/03 6/13/03 39 US 95 N of Winnemucca at MP HU 3.0, in the pull-out 6/3/03 6/12/03 (NB) 40 US 395 N of Reno, between the Cold springs & 6/5/03 6/12/03 Bordertown Interchanges (SB) 41 US 395 S of Gardnerville at the CA/NV Stateline (Bug 6/2/03 6/12/03 Station) (SB) 42 US 50 in Silver Springs at the Junction of US 95-A 6/4/03 6/12/03 (BOTH) 43 US 93 N of Las Vegas, just N of I-15 (BOTH) 6/4/03 6/12/03 44 US 93 E of Wells at the Junction of SR 223 (4-Way Stop) (BOTH) 6/3/03 6/13/03 Rural Collectors Site Location Survey Data Entry 45 SR 341 E of Carson City at the Junction of US 50 (SB) 6/3/03 6/13/03 46 SR 429 at the East Lake Blvd Interchange (BOTH) 6/3/03 6/13/03 47 SR 161 W of the Jean Interchange (BOTH) 6/2/03 6/14/03 48 SR 169 S of the Logandale/Overton Interchange (NB) 6/4/03 6/14/03 49 SR 447 N of Wadsworth (BOTH) 6/4/03 6/14/03 50 SR 756 S of Minden at the Junction of SR 88 (WB) 6/2/03 6/14/03

30 Table 2 Seat Belt Usage By Functional Classification (Percentage and Raw Numbers) Functional Classification Passengers All Occupants Urban Interstate (1,626) (321) (1947) s s Nevada (1,092) (855) Foreign Occupants Occupants (1,745) (202) Urban Arterial (6,103) (1,574) (7,677) (4,099) (3,578) (7,075) (602) Urban Collector (831) (244) (1,075) (577) (498) (902) (173) Rural Interstate (2,758) (1,305) (4,063) (2,268) (1,795) (2,183) (1,880) Rural Arterial (2,615) (1,127) (3,742) (2,168) (1,574) (2,165) (1,577) Rural Collector (1,784) (638) (2,422) (1,378) (1,044) (1,838) (584) Total (15,717) (5,209) (20,926) (11,582) (9,344) (15,908) (5,018)

31 Site Number All Occupants Table 3 Percentage of Seat Belt Use Passengers Nevadans Californians Other

32 Site Number All Occupants Table 3 (Continued) Percentage of Seat Belt Use Passengers Nevadans Californians Other State Table 4

33 Site Number All Occupants Raw Numbers of Seat Belt Use Passengers Nevadans Californians Other Table 4 (Continued)

34 Site Number All Occupants Raw Numbers of Seat Belt Use Passengers Nevadans Californians Other State 20,926 15,717 9,830 5,887 5,209 15,908 2,582 2,436 Table 5

35 Front Seat Passenger Seat Belt Usage by Gender and Age Estimation Site Pass. % Pass. % Boy Pass. % Girl Pass Table 5 (Continued) %

36 Front Seat Passenger Seat Belt Usage by Gender and Age Estimation Site Pass. % Pass. % Boy Pass. % Girl Pass State 1, , %

37 Table 6 Seat Belt Use by Gender for Nevada Vehicle Registration Site NV % NV %

38 Table 6 (Continued) Seat Belt Use by Gender for Nevada Vehicle Registration Site NV % NV % State 8, ,

39 Table 7 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Nevada Registered Vehicles (16,239 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total Table 8 Seat Belt Usage Rate for California Registered Vehicles (1,935 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total

40 Table 9 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Vehicles Registered in Other States (1,826 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total

41 Table 10 Seat Belt Use by Vehicle Type Site Sedan % Pickup % Station Wagon % Van % SUV %

42 Table 10 (Continued) Seat Belt Use by Vehicle Type Site Sedan % Pickup % Station Wagon % Van % SUV % State 9, , , ,

43 Table 11 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Sedans (8,321 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total Table 12 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Pick Up Trucks (5,534 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total

44 Table 13 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Station Wagons (679 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total Table 14 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Vans (1,687 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total

45 Table 15 Seat Belt Usage Rate for Sports Utility Vehicles (3,779 Vehicles) Functional Classification Passengers Occupants Occupants Occupants UI UA UC RI RA RI Total

46 Table 16 Seat Belt Usage for White Site Percentage Percentage Percentage

47 Table 16 (Continue) Seat Belt Usage for White Site Percentage Percentage Percentage State

48 Table 17 Seat Belt Usage for Non-White Site Percentage Percentage Percentage

49 Table 17 (Continue) Seat Belt Usage for Non-White Site Percentage Percentage Percentage State

50 Table 18 Seat Belt Usage for Black and White Functional Classification All Black (614) White (16,864) (358) (256) All (10,935) (5,929) UI UA UC RI RA RC Total Table 19 Seat Belt Usage for Hispanic and Other Functional Classification Hispanic (1,540) Other (982) All (1,148) (392) All (492) (490) UI UA UC RI RA RC Total

51 Table 20 Seat Belt Usage for Black and White Passengers Functional Classification All Black Passengers (193) White Passengers (5,434) (70) (123) Boy (6) Girl (5) All (1,980) (3,454) Boy (222) Girl (149) UI UA UC RI RA RC Total Table 21 Seat Belt Usage for Hispanic and Other Passengers Functional Classification All Hispanic Passengers (584) Other Passengers (305) (309) (275) Boy (48) Girl (28) All (84) (221) Boy (10) UI Girl (11) UA UC RI RA RC Total

52 Table 22 Seat Belt Usage for Black and White Front Seat Occupants Functional Classification Black Occupants (807) White Occupants (22,298) All (428) (379) All (12,915) (9,383) UI UA UC RI RA RC Total Table 23 Seat Belt Usage for Hispanic and Other Front Seat Occupants Functional Classification Hispanic Occupants (2,124) Other Occupants (1,287) All (1,457) (667) All (576) (711) UI UA UC RI RA RC Total