Chapter 8 Production of Power from Heat
|
|
- Leona Haynes
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 8 Production of Power from Heat Different sources of power, such as solar energy (from sun), kinetic energy from atmospheric winds and potential energy from tides. The most important source of power is the chemical (molecular) energy of fuels and nuclear energy. [Fuel consumption = Heat Engines] Despite improvements in equipments design, the efficiency of the conversion does not approach 100%. (as a consequence of 2-nd law). The efficiency of conventional fossil fuel steam power plants rarely exceeds 35%. Efficiency greater than 50% can be reached in combined cycle plants with dual power generation: From advanced technology gas turbines. From steam power cycles, operating on heat recovered from hot turbine exhaust gases. Two types of heat engines: A. The steam power plant: A large scale heat engine in which: 1. The working fluid H 2 O, 2. in steady state flow, 3. through a pump, a boiler, a turbine and a condenser in a cyclic process, 4. The working fluid is separated from the heat source, and heat is transferred a cross physical boundary (boiler tube walls). B. The internal combustion engine is another form of heat engine. High temperatures are attained by conversion of the chemical energy of a fuel directly into internal energy within the work production device (The combustion products serves as the working medium where heat transfer, like piston-cylinder arrangement). Example: Otto and diesel engines and gas turbines. SEVERAL COMMON HEAT ENGINES WILL BE ANALYSED IN THIS CHAPTER.
2 8.1 The steam Power Plant The Carnot engine cycle (sec. 5.2). It is the most efficient way to produce a work from the flow of heat from high temperature T H to low temperature T C. It operate reversibly. It consists of two isothermal steps connected by two adiabatic steps. At T H, heat is absorbed by the working fluid of the engine. At T C, heat is discarded by the fluid. The work produced is W = Q H Q C The thermal efficiency is η = 1 - Q C / Q H Then, η = 1 T C / T H (5.8)
3 Simple steam power plant: 1. Steam is generated in a boiler. 2. Expands in an adiabatic turbine to produce work. 3. The discharge stream from the turbine passes to a condenser. 4. From which is pumped adiabatically back to the boiler. The net power output = Rate of heat input in the boiler Q H Rate of heat rejection in the condenser Q C.
4 The most useful and easily understood way of comparing engine cycles with the Carnot cycle is the T-S diagram. Step1-2: Vaporization process in the boiler. Where sat d liquid water absorbs heat at constant temperature T H. Step2-3: Reversible and adiabatic expansion of sat d vapor into the two-phase region to produce a mixture of sat d liquid and vapor at T C. (Isentropic expansion represented by a vertical line). Step3-4: Partial condensation process, where heat is rejected at T C. Step4-1: Takes a cycle back to its origin, producing sat d liquid at point 1. (Isentropic compression represented by a vertical line).
5 The Rankine Cycle Carnot cycle as a reversible cycle could serves as a standard of comparison for actual steam power plants. Practical mechanical problems attend the operation of equipment to carry out steps 2-3 and Turbines that takes sat s steam produce an exhaust with high liquid content, which causes sever erosion. 4-1 Pump that takes in a mixture of liquid and vapor (point 4) and discharges a sat d liquid (point 1) is even more difficult. For these reasons, an alternative model cycle is taken as the standard, it is called Rankine Cycle. It is differ from the carnot cycle in: 1. Heating step 1-2, is carried well beyond vaporization to produce a super heated vapor. (No mixtures, boiler with super heaters) 2. Cooling step 3-4, brings about complete condensation, yielding sat d liquid to be pumped to the boiler. Fig. 8.3 called the Ideal (reversible) Rankine cycle.
6 Practical Cycle Power plants can be built to operate on a cycle very similar to Rankine cycle, but depart from it only in the irreversibility of the work-producing (2-3 step) and work-requiring (4-1 step). Lines are no longer vertical but tend in the direction of increasing entropy. For boiler and condenser, ignoring kinetic and potential energy, result of And Q = M ΔH (8.1) Q = ΔH Turbine and pump calculation in details in sec. 7.2 and 7.3. Turbines: η = ΔH / (ΔH) s (7.16) (Range from ) (ΔH) s = W s = Rev. and adiabatic, maximum work can be obtained. Read Ex Pumps (Liquids): W s = (ΔH) s = V (P 2 -P 1 ) (7.24) Read Ex
7 Solve Ex. 8.1
8
9
10
11 8.2 Internal-Combustion Engine As we said earlier, in steam power plant the working fluid is separated from the heat source, as a result heat is transferred across physical boundary (Boiler tube walls). This is a disadvantage, because when heat transferred through walls, the ability of the walls to stand high temperature and pressure imposes a limit on the temperature of heat absorption. On the other hand, in the internal-combustion engine, high temperature is obtained by conversion of chemical energy of a fuel directly into internal energy with the work-producing device. (Fuel is burn within the engine itself, and the combustion products serves as the working medium, acting for example on a piston in cylinder).
12 The Otto Engine (The gasoline engine): The most common internal-combustion engine, because it is use in automobiles. It completes a cycle in four strokes of a piston. 0-1 Piston is moving outward draw a fuel/air mixture into a cylinder. 1-2 All valves are closed and fuel/air mixture is compressed. (Adiabatic- rev. compression) Q = 0, W in = -ΔU 21, ΔS = The mixture is then ignited and combustion occurs so rapidly that the volume remains nearly constant while the pressure and temperature rises. (heat addition at constant volume) Q in = C V (T 3 T 2 ), W = 0, ΔS > Work is produced. High P and T product of combustion expand. (Adiabatic- rev. expansion) Q 43 = 0, W out = -ΔU 43, ΔS = Exhaust valve then opens and the pressure falls rapidly at nearly constant volume. (Heat removed). 1-0 Piston pushes the remaining combustion gases from the cylinder. Q out = C V (T 4 T 1 ), W = 0, ΔS < 0
13 For idealized cycle air-standard Otto cycle, the thermal efficiency is: η = Wnet / Q in η = 1 r (1/r) γ = 1 (1/r) γ 1 (8.6) Where, r = V c /V D And γ = C p /C V
14 The Diesel Engine (The ideal diesel engine): In the gasoline engine the fuel/air mixture is compressed (explode) instantaneously on action of spark. The heat addition is instantaneous. In the diesel engine, air alone is compressed, then diesel fuel is introduced and burns. This combustion is slower than for gasoline engine, so the piston moves out during combustion. Thus, diesel engine is higher compression ratio causing a higher pressure and temperature. For the same compression ratio, the Otto engine has a higher efficiency than the diesel engine. However, the diesel engine can operate at much higher compression ratios than the Otto engine, which make it more efficient. (pre-ignition limits the comp. ratio in Otto engine). With reference to example 8.3 and Fig. 8.10, the diesel engine efficiency: η = 1 1/γ [(1/re) γ (1/r) γ 1 / 1/re 1/r] (8.7) Where, The compression ratio = r = V c /V D The expansion ratio = re = V B /V A
15 The Gas - Turbine Engine Here, the advantages of internal combustion are combined with those of turbine. Turbine: is more efficient (in terms of friction) than the piston-cylinder engine. Air is compressed and burned with fuel in the combustion chamber. The higher temperature of the combustion gases entering the turbine, the higher the efficiency of the unit (i.e, greater the work produced per unit of fuel burned). Referring to fig.8.12 the efficiency of this engine: η = 1 (P A /P B ) γ 1/γ Where, P B /P A = Compression ratio. Metal turbine blades type determines the limiting temperature of the turbine. Now they are using Ceramic turbine blades to retain high temperature. Read Ex. 8.4
16
USO4CICV01/US04CICH02:
Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure & Applied Sciences S. Y. B.Sc. Semester-4 Industrial chemistry/ IC (Vocational) USO4CICV0/US04CICH02: Chemical Plant Utilities UNIT 5 Internal combustion engine In an
More informationProcess 1-2: Reversible adiabatic compression process. Process 2-3: Reversible isothermal heat addition
Vapor Power Cycles Process 1-2: Reversible adiabatic compression process from P1 to P2. Process 2-3: Reversible isothermal heat addition process at constant temperature TH. Process 3-4: Reversible adiabatic
More informationThe Internal combustion engine (Otto Cycle)
The Internal combustion engine (Otto Cycle) The Otto cycle is a set of processes used by spark ignition internal combustion engines (2-stroke or 4-stroke cycles). These engines a) ingest a mixture of fuel
More informationL34: Internal Combustion Engine Cycles: Otto, Diesel, and Dual or Gas Power Cycles Introduction to Gas Cycles Definitions
Page L: Internal Combustion Engine Cycles: Otto, Diesel, and Dual or Gas Power Cycles Review of Carnot Power Cycle (gas version) Air-Standard Cycles Internal Combustion (IC) Engines - Otto and Diesel Cycles
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Internal Combustion Engines Reading Problems 8-3 8-7 8-35, 8-45, 8-52 Definitions 1. spark ignition: a mixture of fuel and air is ignited by a spark plug applications requiring power to about 225 kw (300
More information(v) Cylinder volume It is the volume of a gas inside the cylinder when the piston is at Bottom Dead Centre (B.D.C) and is denoted by V.
UNIT II GAS POWER CYCLES AIR STANDARD CYCLES Air standard cycles are used for comparison of thermal efficiencies of I.C engines. Engines working with air standard cycles are known as air standard engines.
More informationThermodynamic Cycles. Alicia Ma. Esponda Cascajares
Thermodynamic Cycles Alicia Ma. Esponda Cascajares Power Cycles Cycles which convert a heat input into a mechanical work output. Power cycles can be divided according to the type of heat engine they seek
More informationHeat engine. Heat engine
Heat engine Device that transforms heat into work. It requires two energy reservoirs at different temperatures An energy reservoir is a part of the environment so large wrt the system that its temperature
More informationWeek 10. Gas Power Cycles. ME 300 Thermodynamics II 1
Week 10 Gas Power Cycles ME 300 Thermodynamics II 1 Today s Outline Gas power cycles Internal combustion engines Four-stroke cycle Thermodynamic cycles Ideal cycle ME 300 Thermodynamics II 2 Gas Power
More informationIn this lecture... Gas power cycles
7 Lect-7 Gas power cycles In this lecture... he Carnot cycle and its significance Air-standard assumptions An oeriew of reciprocating engines Otto cycle: the ideal cycle for sparkignition engines Diesel
More informationPower Cycles. Ideal Cycles, Internal Combustion
Gas Power Cycles Power Cycles Ideal Cycles, Internal Combustion Otto cycle, spark ignition Diesel cycle, compression ignition Sterling & Ericsson cycles Brayton cycles Jet-propulsion cycle Ideal Cycles,
More informationPage 2. (a) (i) Show that during the change AB the gas undergoes an isothermal change.
Q1.The Carnot cycle is the most efficient theoretical cycle of changes for a fixed mass of gas in a heat engine. The graph below shows the pressure volume (p V) diagram for a gas undergoing a Carnot cycle
More informationGYANMANJARI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (GMIT) SUBJECT: ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Assignment Ch 1
1. 3. GYANMANJARI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (GMIT) Assignment Ch 1 A steel ball having mass of 10 kg and a specific heat of 460 J/kg K is heated from 50 o C to 200 o C. Determine the heat required. In a
More informationClass Notes on Thermal Energy Conversion System
Class Notes on Thermal Energy Conversion System For the students of Civil & Rural 3 rd semester Ramesh Khanal Assistant Professorr Nepal Engineering College Bhaktapur, Nepal 2015 Course Structure MEC 209.3:
More informationEngine Cycles. T Alrayyes
Engine Cycles T Alrayyes Introduction The cycle experienced in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine is very complex. The cycle in SI and diesel engine were discussed in detail in the previous
More informationCHAPTER I GAS POWER CYCLES
CHAPTER I GAS POWER CYCLES 1.1 AIR STANDARD CYCLES Air standard cycles are used for comparison of thermal efficiencies of I.C engines. Engines working with air standard cycles are known as air standard
More informationIdealizations Help Manage Analysis of Complex Processes
8 CHAPTER Gas Power Cycles 8-1 Idealizations Help Manage Analysis of Complex Processes The analysis of many complex processes can be reduced to a manageable level by utilizing some idealizations (fig.
More informationThermodynamics cycles can be classified into different categories depending on fluid used or the different processes:
Classification of thermodynamics cycles Thermodynamics cycles can be classified into different categories depending on fluid used or the different processes: Gas and vapor cycles - Gas cycle: the working
More informationη th W = Q Gas Power Cycles: Working fluid remains in the gaseous state through the cycle.
Gas Power Cycles: Gas Power Cycles: Working fluid remains in the gaseous state through the cycle. Sometimes useful to study an idealised cycle in which internal irreversibilities and complexities are
More informationComparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine.
Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine. Aim: To study the construction and working of 4- stroke petrol / diesel engine. Theory: A machine or device which derives heat from the combustion
More informationChapter 9 GAS POWER CYCLES
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, 6 th Edition Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles McGraw-Hill, 2008 Chapter 9 GAS POWER CYCLES Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction
More informationGas Power Cycles. Tarawneh
Gas Power Cycles Dr.Mohammad Tarawneh ) Carnot cycle 2) Otto cycle ) Diesel cycle - Today 4) Dual Cycle 5) Stirling cycle 6) Ericsson cycles 7) Brayton cycle Carnot Cycle Reversible isothermal expansion
More informationCombustion engines. Combustion
Combustion engines Chemical energy in fuel converted to thermal energy by combustion or oxidation Heat engine converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Thermal energy raises temperature and pressure
More informationGas Power System. By Ertanto Vetra
Gas Power System 1 By Ertanto Vetra Outlines Introduction Internal Combustion Engines Otto Cycles Diesel Cycles Gas Turbine Cycles Gas Turbine Based Combined Cycles Gas Turbines for Aircrafts Turbojets
More informationChapter 9 GAS POWER CYCLES
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach Seventh Edition in SI Units Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles McGraw-Hill, 2011 Chapter 9 GAS POWER CYCLES Mehmet Kanoglu University of Gaziantep Copyright The McGraw-Hill
More informationUNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Objectives After the completion of this chapter, Students 1. To know the different parts of IC engines and their functions. 2. To understand the working principle of
More informationUNIT 1 GAS POWER CYCLES
THERMAL ENGINEERING UNIT 1 GAS POWER CYCLES Air Standard Cycles - Otto, Diesel, Dual, Brayton cycle with intercooling, reheating and regeneration- Calculation of airstandard efficiency and mean effective
More informationNoble Group of Institutions, Junagadh. Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering
Semester:1 st Subject: Elements of Mechanical Engineering (2110006) Faculty: Mr. Ishan Bhatt Year: 2017-18 Class: Comp. & IT Ele TUTORIAL 1 INTRODUCTION Q.1 Define: Force, Work, Pressure, Energy, Heat
More informationVALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE
VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE Page 1 of 13 EFFECT OF VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM ON VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY: Qu. 1:Why Inlet valve is closed after the Bottom Dead Centre
More information(a) then mean effective pressure and the indicated power for each end ; (b) the total indicated power : [16]
Code No: R05220304 Set No. 1 II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I ( Common to Mechanical Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer
More informationMEB THERMAL ENGINEERING - I QUESTION BANK UNIT-I PART-A
MEB 420 - THERMAL ENGINEERING - I QUESTION BANK UNIT-I Each question carries 1 mark. PART-A 1. Define temperature. 2. Define intensive property 3. Explain the term absolute zero of temperature 4. State
More informationAutomobiles. Introductory Question. 6 Questions about Automobiles. Observations about Automobiles. Question 1. Heat Engines
Automobiles 1 Automobiles 2 Introductory Question Automobiles A car burns gasoline to obtain energy but allows some heat to escape into the air. Could a mechanically perfect car avoid releasing heat altogether?
More informationPrepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje
Air-standard cycles Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje CH. 2 ۱ Cold-air-standard assumptions: When the working fluid is considered to be air with constant specific heats at room temperature (25 C). Air-standard
More informationTHE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4.
THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? WE KNOW ABOUT:- WHICH WE KNOW AS:- LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4. EXHAUST SQUEEZE BANG BLOW Inlet valve
More informationChapter 9. Two important areas of application for thermodynamics GAS POWER CYCLES. Objectives
Chapter 9 GAS POWER CYCLES Two important areas of application for thermodynamics are power generation and refrigeration. Both are usually accomplished by systems that operate on a thermodynamic cycle.
More informationTask 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below.
Task 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below. 4 BASIC OPERATIONS The Induction Stroke On the induction stroke, the inlet valve opens and the piston, moving down, creates
More informationQuestion: Automobiles. Observations About Automobiles. Heat Engines. Heat Pumps. Question:
Automobiles 1 Automobiles 2 Question: Automobiles A car burns gasoline to obtain energy but allows some heat to escape into the air. Could a mechanically perfect car avoid releasing heat altogether? Automobiles
More informationSIDDHARTH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY :: PUTTUR (AUTONOMOUS) QUESTION BANK UNIT I I.C ENGINES
SIDDHARTH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY :: PUTTUR UNIT I I.C ENGINES 1 (a) Explain any six types of classification of Internal Combustion engines. (6M) (b) With a neat sketch explain any three
More informationINTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE
INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE Engine: An engine is motor which converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Fuel/petrol engine: A petrol engine (known as a gasoline engine in North America) is
More informationACTUAL CYCLE. Actual engine cycle
1 ACTUAL CYCLE Actual engine cycle Introduction 2 Ideal Gas Cycle (Air Standard Cycle) Idealized processes Idealize working Fluid Fuel-Air Cycle Idealized Processes Accurate Working Fluid Model Actual
More informationVETRI VINAYAHA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME6404 THERMAL ENGINEERING
VETRI VINAYAHA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME6404 THERMAL ENGINEERING UNIT I - GAS POWER CYCLES 1. What is a thermodynamic cycle? Thermodynamic cycle is defined
More informationFundamentals of Small Gas Engines
Fundamentals of Small Gas Engines Objectives: Describe the four-stroke cycle engine operation and explain the purpose of each stroke Explain the concept of valve timing Describe two-stroke engine operation
More informationHeat Transfer in Engines. Internal Combustion Engines
Heat Transfer in Engines Internal Combustion Engines Energy Distribution Removing heat is critical in keeping an engine and lubricant from thermal failure Amount of energy available for use: Brake thermal
More informationDiesel Power Generating Plants. Introduction
Diesel Power Generating Plants Introduction Steve Mackay Dean of Engineering Worked for 30 years in Industrial Automation 30 years experience in mining, oil and gas, electrical and manufacturing industries
More informationOBJECTIVE: GENERAL ASPECTS ABOUT ENGINES MECHANISM:
LANDMARK UNIVERSITY, OMU-ARAN LECTURE NOTE 3 COLLEGE: COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Course code: MCE 211 Course title: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Credit
More informationChapter 6. Supercharging
SHROFF S. R. ROTARY INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY (SRICT) DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Chapter 6. Supercharging Subject: Internal Combustion Engine 1 Outline Chapter 6. Supercharging 6.1 Need
More informationThermodynamics Third Law Heat Engines
Thermodynamics Third Law Heat Engines Lana Sheridan De Anza College May 11, 2018 Last time heat engines heat pumps Carnot engines Overview efficiency of Carnot engines the Third Law real engines Heat Engine
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Internal Combustion Engines The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction of a fuel with an
More informationENGINES ENGINE OPERATION
ENGINES ENGINE OPERATION Because the most widely used piston engine is the four-stroke cycle type, it will be used as the example for this section, Engine Operation and as the basis for comparison in the
More informationContent : 4.1 Brayton cycle-p.v. diagram and thermal efficiency. 4Marks Classification of gas turbines.
Content : 4.1 Brayton cycle-p.v. diagram and thermal efficiency. 4Marks Classification of gas turbines. 4.2 Construction and working of gas turbines i) Open cycle ii) Closed cycle gas Turbines, P.V. and
More informationGAS POWER CYCLES. Dr Ali Jawarneh Department of Mechanical Engineering Hashemite University
Chapter 9 GAS POWER CYCLES Dr Ali Jawarneh Department of Mechanical Engineering i Hashemite University 2 Objectives Evaluate the performance of gas power cycles for which h the working fluid remains a
More informationMohammad Faisal Haider. Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Mohammad Faisal Haider Lecturer Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Steam Turbine 2 Vapor Power Cycle 4 5 Steam Turbine A steam turbine is prime mover
More informationComparison of Air-Standard Atkinson, Diesel and Otto Cycles with Constant Specific Heats
Comparison of Air-Standard Atkinson, Diesel and Otto Cycles with Constant Specific Heats Sethi Upasna Vijay 1, Mansha Kumari 2 1 Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Vadodara Institute
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Air and Fuel Induction Lecture 3 1 Outline In this lecture we will discuss the following: A/F mixture preparation in gasoline engines using carburetion. Air Charging technologies: Superchargers Turbochargers
More informationFUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS
Prof. Kunalsinh Mechanical Engineering Dept. FUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS Prof. Kunalsinh kathia [MECHANICAL DEPT.] UNIT-2 [ENGINES] PART-1 Prof. Kunalsinh kathia [MECHANICAL DEPT.] Internal combustion
More informationA Six-Stroke, High-Efficiency Quasiturbine Concept Engine With Distinct, Thermally-Insulated Compression and Expansion Components
September 2005 www.quasiturbine.com/qtmarchettisthsixstroke0509.pdf A Six-Stroke, High-Efficiency Quasiturbine Concept Engine With Distinct, Thermally-Insulated Compression and Expansion Components George
More informationInvestigators: C. F. Edwards, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department; M.N. Svreck, K.-Y. Teh, Graduate Researchers
Development of Low-Irreversibility Engines Investigators: C. F. Edwards, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department; M.N. Svreck, K.-Y. Teh, Graduate Researchers This project aims to implement
More informationGas Turbine Power Plant Mr.B.Ramesh, M.E.,(Ph.D)
Gas Turbine Power Plant By Mr.B.Ramesh, M.E.,(Ph.D) Research Scholar, CEG, Anna University, Chennai. Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph s College of Engineering, Jeppiaar Trust,
More informationA REVIEW ON SIX STROKE, HIGH EFFICIENCY QUASITURBINE ENGINE
A REVIEW ON SIX STROKE, HIGH EFFICIENCY QUASITURBINE ENGINE Kaushik Shailendra Bajaj 1, Shrikant U. Gunjal 2 1 UG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2 Training & Placement Officer, Sandip Foundation.
More informationAssignment-1 Air Standard Cycles
Assignment-1 Air Standard Cycles 1. What do u mean by air standard cycle? List assumptions for air standard cycle & give reasons why air standard cycle differs from actual cycle. 2. Derive an equation
More informationBASIC CIVIL & MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SHRI ANGALAMMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (An ISO 9001:2000 Certified Institution) SIRUGANOOR, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI 621 105 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FS81504 BASIC CIVIL & MECHANICAL
More informationENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES
ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES A heat engine is a machine, which converts heat energy into mechanical energy. The combustion of fuel such as coal, petrol, diesel generates heat. This heat is supplied to a
More informationSAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL
IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 1 SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL Mechanical Engineering ME Postal Correspondence Course Internal Combustion Engine GATE, IES & PSUs IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 2 C O N T E N T 1.
More informationAdditional examination-style questions
1 Figure 1 shows a remote-control camera used in space for inspecting space stations. The camera can be moved into position and rotated by firing thrusters which eject xenon gas at high speed. The camera
More informationInternal Combustion Engine. Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST
Internal Combustion Engine Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST What is an Engine? -a machine designed to convert one form of energy into mechanical energy Two types of engines : 1. Internal
More informationME2301 THERMAL ENGINEERING L T P C OBJECTIVE:
ME2301 THERMAL ENGINEERING L T P C 3 1 0 4 OBJECTIVE: To integrate the concepts, laws and methodologies from the first course in thermo dynamics into analysis of cyclic processes To apply the thermodynamic
More informationLNR ENGINE CHAPTER - 5
LHR ENGINE CHAPTER - 5 LNR ENGINE 5.0 INTRODUCTION The studies on the performance of the conventional engine are shown in Chapter - 4. The research is extended to conduct experiments so as to improve the
More informationEnergimaskiner. Workshop efterår 2010
Energimaskiner Workshop efterår 2010 1 Program 08:15-09:30 Forelæsning 09:30-14:00 Miniprojekt i grupper 14:00-15:00 Fremlæggelse i plenum 2 Forlæsning Carnot Sterling (m. demo) Miniprojekter Varmepumpe
More information1. Combustion Engine Power Plants. Asko Vuorinen Aalto University
1. Combustion Engine Power Plants Asko Vuorinen 10.3.2016 Aalto University 1 Engine cycles Diesel Cycle Otto Cycle Combined Cycles 2 Diesel Cycle T P T 3 p = const 3 P=constant 2 Q 1 3 Q 1 T 2 4 T 1 Q
More informationUnit WorkBook 4 Level 4 ENG U13 Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines UniCourse Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Sample
Pearson BTEC Levels 4 Higher Nationals in Engineering (RQF) Unit 13: Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines Unit Workbook 4 in a series of 4 for this unit Learning Outcome 4 Internal Combustion
More informationThe Four Stroke Cycle
1 Induction As the piston travels down the cylinder it draws filtered air at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature through an air filter and inlet valves into the cylinder. 2 Compression When the
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Engine Cycles Lecture Outline In this lecture we will: Analyse actual air fuel engine cycle: -Stroke cycle -Stroke cycle Compare these cycles to air standard cycles Actual Engine Cycle Although air standard
More informationVol-3 Issue India 2 Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Dept., Hansaba College of Engineering & Technology, Gujarat, India
Review Paper on Effect of Variable Thermal Properties of Working Fluid on Performance of an IC Engine Cycle Desai Rahulkumar Mohanbhai 1, Kiran D. Parmar 2 1 P. G. Student, Mechanical Engineering Dept.,
More informationDEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS TWO MARKS QUESTION AND ANSWER
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME 6301- ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS TWO MARKS QUESTION AND ANSWER 1. Define the term thermal engineering. Ans: Thermal engineering is the science that deals with the
More informationDevelopment of Low-Exergy-Loss, High-Efficiency Chemical Engines
Development of Low-Exergy-Loss, High-Efficiency Chemical Engines Investigators C. F., Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering; Kwee-Yan Teh, Shannon L. Miller, Graduate Researchers Introduction The
More informationHours / 100 Marks Seat No.
17529 14115 3 Hours / 100 Seat No. Instructions (1) All Questions are Compulsory. (2) Answer each next main Question on a new page. (3) Illustrate your answers with neat sketches wherever necessary. (4)
More informationADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
1 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT DIVISON OF THERMAL AND ENERGY CONVERSION IC Engine Fundamentals 2 Engine Systems An engine
More informationINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (SKMM 4413)
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (SKMM 4413) Dr. Mohd Farid bin Muhamad Said Room : Block P21, Level 1, Automotive Development Centre (ADC) Tel : 07-5535449 Email: mfarid@fkm.utm.my HISTORY OF ICE History of
More informationThermodynamics II MIDTERM MECH 351/2 Fall 06 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Thermodynamics II MIDTERM MEH 35/ Fall 06 ONORDIA UNIVERSITY FAULTY OF ENGINEERING AND OMPUTER SIENE DEPARTMENT OF MEHANIAL ENGINEERING Student s Name: I.D.: I. [50 points] A steam power plant operates
More informationCombustion Systems What we might have learned
Combustion Systems What we might have learned IMechE ADSC, 6 December 2012 Chris Whelan Contents Engines Big & Small Carnot, Otto & Diesel Thermodynamic Cycles Combustion Process & Systems Diesel & Otto
More informationDevelopment of super low-level NOx RT burner for annealing furnace TAKAHITO SUZUKI KUNIAKI OKADA
Development of super low-level NOx RT burner for annealing furnace BY TAKAHITO SUZUKI KUNIAKI OKADA SYNOPSIS In the CGL of Fukuyama steelworks, we decided to adapt an only RT (radiant tube) furnace in
More informationFUNDAMENTALS OF POWER PLANTS. Asko Vuorinen
FUNDAMENTALS OF POWER PLANTS Asko Vuorinen 1 Engine cycles Carnot Cycle Otto Cycle Diesel Cycle Brayton Cycle Rankine Cycle Combined Cycles 2 Carnot Engine 3 Carnot Cycle 4 Carnot Cycle, continued Ideal
More informationUNIT 2 POWER PLANTS 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF IC ENGINES. Objectives. Structure. 2.1 Introduction
UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS Power Plants Structure 2.1 Introduction Objectives 2.2 Classification of IC Engines 2.3 Four Stroke Engines versus Two Stroke Engines 2.4 Working of Four Stroke Petrol Engine 2.5 Working
More informationKul Internal Combustion Engine Technology. Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5
Kul-14.4100 Internal Combustion Engine Technology Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5 Definitions Combustion engines convert the chemical energy of fuel to mechanical
More informationScheme G Sample Question Paper Course Name : Diploma in Automobile Engineering Course Code : AE
Sample Question Paper Semester : Fourth Marks : 100 Time: 03 Hours Q1.A. Attempt any SIX a. State different types of ideal gas processes 12 Marks b. Define dryness fraction and degree of superheat. c.
More informationGCE AS and A Level. Physics A. AS exams 2009 onwards A2 exams 2010 onwards. Unit 5C: Approved specimen question paper. Version 1.1
GCE AS and A Level Physics A AS exams 2009 onwards A2 exams 2010 onwards Unit 5C: Approved specimen question paper Version 1.1 Surname Other Names Leave blank Centre Number Candidate Number Candidate Signature
More informationA REVIEW ON STIRLING ENGINES
A REVIEW ON STIRLING ENGINES Neeraj Joshi UG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sandip Foundation s Sandip Institute of Technology and Research Centre,Mahiravani, Nashik Savitribai Phule Pune
More informationCHAPTER 6 IGNITION SYSTEM
CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 6 IGNITION SYSTEM CONTENTS PAGE Faraday s Law 02 The magneto System 04 Dynamo/Alternator System 06 Distributor 08 Electronic System 10 Spark Plugs 12 IGNITION SYSTEM Faraday s Law The
More informationModule 3: Influence of Engine Design and Operating Parameters on Emissions Lecture 14:Effect of SI Engine Design and Operating Variables on Emissions
Module 3: Influence of Engine Design and Operating Parameters on Emissions Effect of SI Engine Design and Operating Variables on Emissions The Lecture Contains: SI Engine Variables and Emissions Compression
More informationIntroduction to Fuel-Air Injection Engine. (A discrete structured IC engine) KansLab
Introduction to Fuel-Air Injection Engine (A discrete structured IC engine) KansLab 1 Fig. 1: A Fuel-Air Injection (FAI) Engine is: 1) A two-stroke engine with fuel and air injections. 2) A hybrid engine
More informationFocus on Training Section: Unit 2
All Pump Types Page 1 1. Title Page Learning objectives Become familiar with the 4 stroke cycle Become familiar with diesel combustion process To understand how timing affects emissions To understand the
More informationPowertrain Efficiency Technologies. Turbochargers
Powertrain Efficiency Technologies Turbochargers Turbochargers increasingly are being used by automakers to make it possible to use downsized gasoline engines that consume less fuel but still deliver the
More informationDesign of Plastic a Plastic Engine working on Modified Atkinson Cycle
Design of Plastic a Plastic Engine working on Modified Atkinson Cycle Arunav Banerjee 1, Sanjay Choudhary 2 arunavjoel@gmail.com, sccipet@gmail.com Abstract The reduction of cost has become a major goal
More informationHIGH VELOCITY THERMAL GUN FOR SURFACE PREPARATION AND TREATMENT. I.A. Gorlach
HIGH VELOCITY THERMAL GUN FOR SURFACE PREPARATION AND TREATMENT I.A. Gorlach Department of Industrial Engineering School of Process and Mechanical Engineering Technikon Witwatersrand Johannesburg, South
More informationNormal vs Abnormal Combustion in SI engine. SI Combustion. Turbulent Combustion
Turbulent Combustion The motion of the charge in the engine cylinder is always turbulent, when it is reached by the flame front. The charge motion is usually composed by large vortexes, whose length scales
More informationHeat Engines Lab 12 SAFETY
HB 1-05-09 Heat Engines 1 Lab 12 1 i Heat Engines Lab 12 Equipment SWS, 600 ml pyrex beaker with handle for ice water, 350 ml pyrex beaker with handle for boiling water, 11x14x3 in tray, pressure sensor,
More informationEmission from gasoline powered vehicles are classified as 1. Exhaust emission 2. Crank case emission 3. Evaporative emission. Table 1.
Introduction: Main three types of automotive vehicle being used 1. Passenger cars powered by four stroke gasoline engines 2. Motor cycles, scooters and auto rickshaws powered mostly by small two stroke
More informationApproved by AICTE, Government of India & affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow Department of Mechanical Engineering
Experiment No. - 1 Object: Study and working of four stroke petrol engine. Apparatus Required: S. No. Name of Apparatus Specifications Model of Four stroke petrol engine NA Figure 1: Working of four stroke
More information2013 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I
SET - 1 II B. Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April/May 2013 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I (Com. to ME, AME) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
More informationKINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Question Bank. UNIT-I THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES Part-A (2 Marks)
KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Question Bank Sub. Code/Name: ME1351 - THERMAL ENGINEERING Year/Sem: III/VI 1. What is a thermodynamic cycle? UNIT-I THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES
More information