Chapter 6. Supercharging
|
|
- Ashlynn Bailey
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 SHROFF S. R. ROTARY INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY (SRICT) DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Chapter 6. Supercharging Subject: Internal Combustion Engine 1
2 Outline Chapter 6. Supercharging 6.1 Need for supercharging 6.2 Effect of supercharging 6.3 Types of Supercharger 6.4 Method of supercharging 6.5 Thermodynamic analysis of supercharging engine 6.6 Limitation of supercharging 6.7 Turbo charging methods 2
3 6.1 Need for supercharging The rate of fuel burned depends upon the air capacity of the engine, that is the amount of air which the engine is capable of drawing per unit time. Also, air capacity is practically unaffected by the presence of fuel. Increasing the energy input requires the induction of more charge per cycle. Also at high engine speed, volumetric efficiency decreases so the induction. Engine speed is also limited by thermal stresses. 3
4 6.1 Need for supercharging At high altitude due to less density, available induction charge is less. Also while climbing hill, racing and air craft it is necessary to produce more power with less density. supercharging is used to increase the power output by forcing the charge into the engine at pressure above atmospheric It increase volumetric efficiency, performance, reduce knocking, overheating or failure of some part. 4
5 6.2 Effect of supercharging Output Power It increase the power output of engine without increase its weight and size. Due to high inlet pressure, it compresses the residue gases and facilitate more charger to fill. It reduces gas exchange work. Because during suction work is done by gas on the piston. With more air, it facilitates more combustion. 5
6 6.2 Effect of supercharging Fuel consumption The brake specific fuel consumption for CI engine is somewhat less than that for naturally aspirated engines due to better fuel distribution, improved combustion and increased mechanical efficiency. Mechanical efficiency An increase in the intake pressure increase the gas load, hence large bearing area and heavier components are needed. Thus, the friction losses are increased. However, the increase in friction losses is less than the power gained by supercharging. Therefore, the mechanical efficiency of the engine is also increased by supercharging. 6
7 6.2 Effect of supercharging Volumetric efficiency Residual gases are compressed by inducted charge due to high pressure in clearance volume. The rate of increase of volume efficiency becomes progressively less as the supercharging is increased, since the contraction of the residuals becomes proportionately less. Also increase in volumetric efficiency with the increase in the intake pressure is higher at low C.R. ratio, since under these conditions the volume occupied by the residuals is more and the possibility of contraction is more. 7
8 6.3 Types of Supercharger Roots blower Lobe shape to rotor rotate in opposite direction, fixed in common casing Both have contact with one another and also with casing Air trapped in the recesses (pocket) between the rotor and housing is carried towards the delivery port without a significant change in volume. 8
9 6.3 Types of Supercharger Roots blower As these recesses open to the delivery line, since the suction side is closed, the trapped air is suddenly compressed by the backflow from the higher pressure delivery line. Intermittent delivery produces pressure pulses. Suitable for small pressure ratio 1.2 Three lobes rotor gives more uniform flow that two lobe rotor. 9
10 6.3 Types of Supercharger Vane blower Positive displacement type, It has a cylindrical rotor mounted eccentrically with respect to the fixed cylindrical casing. Deep slot are cut into the rotor to accommodate thin rectangular vanes which are free radially. 10
11 6.3 Types of Supercharger Vane blower Two blades with rotor and casing make closed pocket. As rotor moves the volume of pocket decrease from inlet side to outlet side which compress the air trapped in that pocket. RPM rpm. Pressure 1.3 bar or above. 11
12 6.3 Types of Supercharger Centrifugal compressor It consist inlet pipe, impeller, stationary diffuser, volute casing and outlet pipe. It primarily coupled with the exhaust driven turbine in a turbocharger. 20,000-30,000 rpm Pressure ratio 2-3 Application Aircraft engines. 12
13 6.4 Method of supercharging Mechanical supercharging: Blower or compressor driven by engine shown in Fig.(a) Turbo charging A compressor and turbine mounted on a single shaft is used to increase inlet air density. The exhaust gases from the engine having sufficient energy drive the turbine. So, turbine drives the compressor. Fig. (b) most commonly used arrangement, simple 13
14 6.4 Method of supercharging Turbo charging Fig (c), Large marine engine Fig (d) Very high boost pressure 4 to 7 bar 14
15 6.4 Method of supercharging Turbo charging Fig (e) Second turbine used to increase the power of engine Fig (f) Cooling increase the volumetric efficiency during induction. 15
16 6.5 Thermodynamic analysis of supercharging The ideal dual combustion cycle of mechanically driven supercharged engine and naturally aspirated engine are shown in fig. 16
17 6.5 Thermodynamic analysis of supercharging Net Work given by supercharged engine. Wsc = Engine work output + Gas Exchange work Supercharged work It is be noted that positive gas exchange area may be greater than negative supercharged area. It is to be kept in mind that with increase in supercharging pressure the negative work, will also increase and therefore there will be a limit for supercharging. 17
18 6.5 Thermodynamic analysis of supercharging, The ideal efficiency of supercharged engine will decrease with increase in supercharging pressure. However, it is to be understood that the not increase in power output is due to increase in mass of charge. For adiabatic compression the work done on the supercharger Considering efficiency of compressor, 18
19 6.6 Limitation of supercharging Supercharging of SI engine Increased charge density, increase burning and so temperature. It creates cooling and knocking problems. Also due to high peak pressure, high strength of cylinder required. It can be reduced by: lengthening ignition delay, lower C.R., too lean or rich mixture, injection of water in inlet manifold, use of high Octane fuel. Considering above factors, the SI engines are rarely supercharged, except when more output power is prime important against efficiency and economy. 19
20 6.6 Limitation of supercharging Supercharging of CI engine It can be safely supercharged without any combustion difficulties Still at high pressure, violent pounding noise known as diesel knock is produced. So, it is essential to keep temperature of supercharge as low as possible in order to get high volumetric and thermal efficiency. Supercharging of CI is limited by thermal and mechanical loading, while SI is limited by knocking. 20
21 6.6 Limitation of supercharging Due to high thermal load, we have to use better coolant and engine material Large bearing and heavier engine component required to withstand mechanical stresses. SI engine is limited with supercharging due to the high knocking tendency at high pressure and temperature. More valve overlap may be used to overcome these problems. Durability, reliability and fuel economy are the main considerations that limit the degree of supercharging of an engine. 21
22 6.7 Turbo charging methods It is possible to use turbocharger alone in 4 stroke contrast to 2 stroke to turbocharger for supply of air to the engine. The main types of turbo charging methods namely (1) Constant Pressure (2) Pulse (Buchi) operation (3) Pulse converter. 22
23 6.7 Turbo charging methods Constant Pressure Exhaust into a common manifold at high pressure. Exhaust gases expands to an approximately constant pressure. So, internal energy produce work in exhaust turbine (Reaction Turbine) Recovery of blow down is higher if the pressure ratio is high 23
24 6.7 Turbo charging methods Constant Pressure Advantages At high pressure ratio, very efficient, low fuel consumption. When the number of cylinder is divisible by 3 and turbine pressure ratio is 3:1 or more, it operates at constant pressure and temperature which gives high efficiency. Exhaust piping is very simple for multi cylinder. Engine speed is not limited by the pressure waves in the exhaust pipes. 24
25 6.7 Turbo charging methods Constant Pressure Disadvantages Large exhaust pipes, increases the size of engine. Response of this system to load changes is poor. Due to high pressure drop across the turbine, scavenging is not proper. 25
26 6.7 Turbo charging methods Pulse Turbo charging Considerable part of the blow down energy is converted into exhaust pulses as soon as the exhaust valve opens. These pulses are led through narrow exhaust pipes by the shortest possible route to the turbine where this energy is utilized. A large proportion of energy is thus recovered. 26
27 6.7 Turbo charging methods Pulse Turbo charging Separate exhaust pipes are used so that exhaust process of various cylinders do not interface with one another. A common pipe is used for these cylinders whose exhaust cycles do not overlap significantly in terms of time. The turbine has separate inlets and nozzle segments for each exhaust pipe. Widely used for low pressure turbines where rapid acceleration is needed. 27
28 6.7 Turbo charging methods Pulse Turbo charging Advantages Recovery of the exhaust blow down energy is quite efficient. Rapid acceleration of the turbocharger to a high speed, almost no delay. Less space required Better scavenging 28
29 6.7 Turbo charging methods Pulse Turbo charging Disadvantages High throttling losses Recovery of energy is poor when the pressure ratio is high For multi cylinder, inlet and exhaust pipe arrangement becomes complicated. Poor turbine efficiency is obtained in case of one or two cylinders. If the waves take too long to travel to the turbine the scavenging process is disturbed. Thus the length of the pipe or engine speed is limited. 29
30 6.7 Turbo charging methods Pulse converter Pulse converter allows the advantages of the pulse and the constant pressure turbo charging to be utilized simultaneous, while avoiding most of the drawbacks of both. This is done by connecting the different branches of exhaust manifolds together in a specially designed venturi junction called pulse converter, before the turbine. 30
31 6.7 Turbo charging methods Pulse converter Turbo charging turbine is a constant pressure machine and for maximum efficiency requires steady flow conditions. With pulse charging the turbine operates at relatively lower efficiency due to partial admission operation. Moreover, the low level of available exhaust energy especially at part load required operation with pulse charging for efficient utilization of this energy and good scavenging. For this reason a combination of the two system is needed for good efficiency of the turbine. 31
32 32
VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE
VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE Page 1 of 13 EFFECT OF VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM ON VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY: Qu. 1:Why Inlet valve is closed after the Bottom Dead Centre
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SUPERCHARGING PROCESS IN SI ENGINE & CI ENGINE AND APPLICATION OF SUPERCHARGER
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SUPERCHARGING PROCESS IN SI ENGINE & CI ENGINE AND APPLICATION OF SUPERCHARGER Prakash Kumar Sen 1, Rohit Jaiswal 2, Shailendra Kumar Bohidar 3 1 Student of M.Tech Manufacturing
More informationSUPERCHARGER AND TURBOCHARGER
SUPERCHARGER AND TURBOCHARGER 1 Turbocharger and supercharger 2 To increase the output of any engine more fuel can be burned and make bigger explosion in every cycle. i. One way to add power is to build
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Lecture-19 Prepared under QIP-CD Cell Project Internal Combustion Engines Ujjwal K Saha, Ph.D. Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati 1 Background The power output
More informationWINTER 14 EXAMINATION
WINTER 14 EXAMINATION Subject Code: 17413(EME) Model Answer Important Instructions to examiners: 1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model answer scheme.
More informationSAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL
IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 1 SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL Mechanical Engineering ME Postal Correspondence Course Internal Combustion Engine GATE, IES & PSUs IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 2 C O N T E N T 1.
More informationADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
1 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT DIVISON OF THERMAL AND ENERGY CONVERSION IC Engine Fundamentals 2 Engine Systems An engine
More informationEEN-E2002, Gas exchange and supercharging, lecture 4a
EEN-E2002, Gas exchange and supercharging, lecture 4a Basshuysen Chapter 11 Supercharging of Internal Combustion Engines Heywood Chapter 6 Gas exchange process January 2017, Martti Larmi Gas Exchange in
More information2013 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I
SET - 1 II B. Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April/May 2013 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I (Com. to ME, AME) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
More informationACTUAL CYCLE. Actual engine cycle
1 ACTUAL CYCLE Actual engine cycle Introduction 2 Ideal Gas Cycle (Air Standard Cycle) Idealized processes Idealize working Fluid Fuel-Air Cycle Idealized Processes Accurate Working Fluid Model Actual
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Air and Fuel Induction Lecture 3 1 Outline In this lecture we will discuss the following: A/F mixture preparation in gasoline engines using carburetion. Air Charging technologies: Superchargers Turbochargers
More informationUNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Objectives After the completion of this chapter, Students 1. To know the different parts of IC engines and their functions. 2. To understand the working principle of
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Engine Cycles Lecture Outline In this lecture we will: Analyse actual air fuel engine cycle: -Stroke cycle -Stroke cycle Compare these cycles to air standard cycles Actual Engine Cycle Although air standard
More informationComparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine.
Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine. Aim: To study the construction and working of 4- stroke petrol / diesel engine. Theory: A machine or device which derives heat from the combustion
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Introduction Lecture 1 1 Outline In this lecture we will learn about: Definition of internal combustion Development of the internal combustion engine Different engine classifications We will also draw
More informationKul Internal Combustion Engine Technology
Kul-14.4100 Internal Combustion Engine Technology Gas Exchange, 2015 Topics Gas exchange in four stroke engines Volumetric efficiency Valves and valve flow Two stroke engine scavenging Camshaft and intake
More informationModule 3: Influence of Engine Design and Operating Parameters on Emissions Lecture 14:Effect of SI Engine Design and Operating Variables on Emissions
Module 3: Influence of Engine Design and Operating Parameters on Emissions Effect of SI Engine Design and Operating Variables on Emissions The Lecture Contains: SI Engine Variables and Emissions Compression
More informationInternal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition
Chapter 1 Introduction 1-3 ENGINE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition 1 (a) Spark Ignition (SI). An SI engine starts the combustion
More informationAT AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES QUESTION BANK
AT6301 - AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES QUESTION BANK UNIT I: CONSTRUCTION & WORKING PRINCIPLE OF IC ENGINES 1. State the application of CI engines? 2. What is Cubic capacity of an engine? 3. What is the purpose of
More informationAl- Ameen Engg. College. Fluid Machines. Prepared by: AREEF A AP/ ME AL AMEEN ENGINEERING COLLEGE Shoranur.
Fluid Machines Prepared by: AREEF A AP/ ME AL AMEEN ENGINEERING COLLEGE Shoranur Classification of hydraulic machines HYDROULIC MACHINES (I) Hydraulic Turbines A hydraulic machine which converts hydraulic
More informationINTRODUCTION: Rotary pumps are positive displacement pumps. The rate of flow (discharge) of rotary pump remains constant irrespective of the
INTRODUCTION: Rotary pumps are positive displacement pumps. The rate of flow (discharge) of rotary pump remains constant irrespective of the pressure. That is, even at very high pressure, these pumps can
More informationCONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A NEW TYPE OF ENGINE FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS WITH EXPECTED 10% HIGHER OVERALL EFFICIENCY
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD ) Vol.1, Issue 2 Dec 2011 58-65 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd., CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A NEW TYPE OF ENGINE FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS
More informationKul Internal Combustion Engine Technology. Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5
Kul-14.4100 Internal Combustion Engine Technology Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5 Definitions Combustion engines convert the chemical energy of fuel to mechanical
More information(v) Cylinder volume It is the volume of a gas inside the cylinder when the piston is at Bottom Dead Centre (B.D.C) and is denoted by V.
UNIT II GAS POWER CYCLES AIR STANDARD CYCLES Air standard cycles are used for comparison of thermal efficiencies of I.C engines. Engines working with air standard cycles are known as air standard engines.
More informationChapter 4 ANALYTICAL WORK: COMBUSTION MODELING
a 4.3.4 Effect of various parameters on combustion in IC engines: Compression ratio: A higher compression ratio increases the pressure and temperature of the working mixture which reduce the initial preparation
More informationINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (SKMM 4413)
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (SKMM 4413) Dr. Mohd Farid bin Muhamad Said Room : Block P21, Level 1, Automotive Development Centre (ADC) Tel : 07-5535449 Email: mfarid@fkm.utm.my HISTORY OF ICE History of
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Internal Combustion Engines The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction of a fuel with an
More informationCombustion engines. Combustion
Combustion engines Chemical energy in fuel converted to thermal energy by combustion or oxidation Heat engine converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Thermal energy raises temperature and pressure
More informationGASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION IN SI ENGINES B. PAVAN VISWANADH P. ASHOK KUMAR. Mobile No : Mobile No:
GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION IN SI ENGINES SUBMIT TED BY B. PAVAN VISWANADH P. ASHOK KUMAR Y06ME011, III/IV B. Tech Y06ME003, III/IV B. Tech Pavan.visu@gmail.com ashok.me003@gmail.com Mobile No :9291323516
More informationENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES
ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES A heat engine is a machine, which converts heat energy into mechanical energy. The combustion of fuel such as coal, petrol, diesel generates heat. This heat is supplied to a
More informationAn ordinary four-stroke engine dedicates one stroke to the process of air intake. There are three steps in this process:
Supercharger Basics An ordinary four-stroke engine dedicates one stroke to the process of air intake. There are three steps in this process: 1. The piston moves down. 2. This creates a vacuum. 3. Air at
More informationSET - 1 II B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, April/May-2017 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts
More informationEngine Cycles. T Alrayyes
Engine Cycles T Alrayyes Introduction The cycle experienced in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine is very complex. The cycle in SI and diesel engine were discussed in detail in the previous
More information2. Turbocharger System
INTAKE (INDUCTION) 2. Turbocharger System A: GENERAL The turbocharger system consists of a water-cooled turbocharger, air-cooled intercooler, wastegate control solenoid valve, etc. The turbine rotated
More informationREVIEW ON GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION
International Journal of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering REVIEW ON GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION Jayant Kathuria B.Tech Automotive Design Engineering jkathuria97@gmail.com ABSTRACT Gasoline direct-injection
More information2) Rich mixture: A mixture which contains less air than the stoichiometric requirement is called a rich mixture (ex. A/F ratio: 12:1, 10:1 etc.
Unit 3. Carburettor University Questions: 1. Describe with suitable sketches : Main metering system and Idling system 2. Draw the neat sketch of a simple carburettor and explain its working. What are the
More information2. Discuss the effects of the following operating variables on detonation
Code No: RR220303 Set No. 1 II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I ( Common to Mechanical Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer
More informationAN ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF VARIABLE COMPRESSION RATIO IN C.I. ENGINE USING TURBOCHARGER
AN ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF VARIABLE COMPRESSION RATIO IN C.I. ENGINE USING TURBOCHARGER E.Saravanapprabhu 1, M.Mahendran 2 1E.Saravanapprabhu, PG Student, Thermal Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
More informationCommon Terms Selecting a Turbocharger Compressor... 4
TURBOCHARGERS Common Terms... 2 Adiabatic Efficiency... 2 Pressure Ratio... 2 Density Ratio... 2 Turbine... 2 A/R Ratio... 2 Charge-Air-Cooler... 2 Boost... 3 Waste Gate... 3 Turbo Lag... 3 Boost Threshold...
More informationAircraft Engine Development from Fundamental Considerations: Thermodynamic and Mechanical
24 1 Aircraft Engine Development from Fundamental Considerations: Thermodynamic and Mechanical 2 Ideal Cycles 8 3 Lect-24 Q 1 W 1 Q 1 W 1 W 2 7 2 W 2 4 Heat exchanges are : Q 1 ~ c v (T 3 T 2 )>c v (T
More informationIntroduction to Fuel-Air Injection Engine. (A discrete structured IC engine) KansLab
Introduction to Fuel-Air Injection Engine (A discrete structured IC engine) KansLab 1 Fig. 1: A Fuel-Air Injection (FAI) Engine is: 1) A two-stroke engine with fuel and air injections. 2) A hybrid engine
More informationMetrovick F2/4 Beryl. Turbo-Union RB199
Turbo-Union RB199 Metrovick F2/4 Beryl Development of the F2, the first British axial flow turbo-jet, began in f 940. After initial flight trials in the tail of an Avro Lancaster, two F2s were installed
More informationPrinciples of Engine Operation. Information
Internal Combustion Engines MAK 4070E Principles of Engine Operation Prof.Dr. Cem Soruşbay Istanbul Technical University Information Prof.Dr. Cem Soruşbay İ.T.Ü. Makina Fakültesi Motorlar ve Taşıtlar Laboratuvarı
More informationTopic 1. Basics of Oil Hydraulic Systems
Topic 1. Basics of Oil Hydraulic Systems Fluid power Fluid power is the technology that deals with the generation, control and transmission of forces and movement of mechanical element or system with the
More informationGas exchange process for IC-engines: poppet valves, valve timing and variable valve actuation
Gas exchange process for IC-engines: poppet valves, valve timing and variable valve actuation Topics Analysis of the main parameters influencing the volumetric efficiency in IC engines: - Valves and valve
More information(Refer Slide Time: 1:13)
Fluid Dynamics And Turbo Machines. Professor Dr Dhiman Chatterjee. Department Of Mechanical Engineering. Indian Institute Of Technology Madras. Part A. Module-2. Lecture-2. Turbomachines: Definition and
More informationUNIT 2 POWER PLANTS 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF IC ENGINES. Objectives. Structure. 2.1 Introduction
UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS Power Plants Structure 2.1 Introduction Objectives 2.2 Classification of IC Engines 2.3 Four Stroke Engines versus Two Stroke Engines 2.4 Working of Four Stroke Petrol Engine 2.5 Working
More informationPowertrain Efficiency Technologies. Turbochargers
Powertrain Efficiency Technologies Turbochargers Turbochargers increasingly are being used by automakers to make it possible to use downsized gasoline engines that consume less fuel but still deliver the
More informationFoundations of Thermodynamics and Chemistry. 1 Introduction Preface Model-Building Simulation... 5 References...
Contents Part I Foundations of Thermodynamics and Chemistry 1 Introduction... 3 1.1 Preface.... 3 1.2 Model-Building... 3 1.3 Simulation... 5 References..... 8 2 Reciprocating Engines... 9 2.1 Energy Conversion...
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF IC ENGINE USING SUPERCHARGER AND TURBOCHARGER-A REVIEW
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF IC ENGINE USING SUPERCHARGER AND TURBOCHARGER-A REVIEW Prashant.N.Pakale 1, S.U.Patel 2 1 PG Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, D.N.Patel COE shahada, Maharashtra, India
More informationEngine Auxiliary Systems-Spanish
Engine Auxiliary Systems-Spanish 1. COMBUSTION ENGINES IN 1.1. INTRODUCTION 1.2. COMBUSTION 1.2.1. IDEAL COMBUSTION 1.2.2. FIRING TRIGGER 1.2.3. Precombustion OR 1.3. FACTORS AFFECTING ON THE COMBUSTION
More informationIntroducing the Sea-Doo 4-TEC SUPERCHARGED
Introducing the Sea-Doo 4-TEC SUPERCHARGED 185HP & MASSIVE TORQUE iame41-1.doc 29Mar03 Page 1 of 2 Another Sea-Doo watercraft first and only. Introducing the 185hp, GTX 4-TEC SUPERCHARGED PWC. The 4-TEC
More informationHeat Transfer in Engines. Internal Combustion Engines
Heat Transfer in Engines Internal Combustion Engines Energy Distribution Removing heat is critical in keeping an engine and lubricant from thermal failure Amount of energy available for use: Brake thermal
More informationSection 10 Chapter 17
Section 10 Chapter 17 24 Valve, 8.3 Liter Engine Air Intake System Note: All coding used in the 8.3 Liter and 9 Liter engine manuals are Cummins engine codes. These engine codes have no meaning to New
More informationContent : 4.1 Brayton cycle-p.v. diagram and thermal efficiency. 4Marks Classification of gas turbines.
Content : 4.1 Brayton cycle-p.v. diagram and thermal efficiency. 4Marks Classification of gas turbines. 4.2 Construction and working of gas turbines i) Open cycle ii) Closed cycle gas Turbines, P.V. and
More information(a) then mean effective pressure and the indicated power for each end ; (b) the total indicated power : [16]
Code No: R05220304 Set No. 1 II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007 THERMAL ENGINEERING-I ( Common to Mechanical Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer
More informationModule 5: Emission Control for SI Engines Lecture20:ADD-ON SYSTEMS FOR CONTROL OF ENGINE-OUT EMISSIONS
ADD-ON SYSTEMS FOR CONTROL OF ENGINE-OUT EMISSIONS The Lecture Contains: Crankcase Emission Control (PCV System) Evaporative Emission Control Exhaust Gas Recirculation Water Injection file:///c /...%20and%20Settings/iitkrana1/My%20Documents/Google%20Talk%20Received%20Files/engine_combustion/lecture20/20_1.htm[6/15/2012
More informationTrend of Turbocharging Technologies
Special Issue Turbocharging Technologies Trend of Turbocharging Technologies Review Hiroshi Uchida Abstract Nowadays, much greater emphasis is being placed on improving the fuel consumption of automobiles
More informationIntroduction to I.C Engines CH. 1. Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje
Introduction to I.C Engines CH. 1 Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje 1 An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion
More informationGas exchange Processes. Typical valve timing diagram
Gas exchange Processes To move working fluid in and out of engine Engine performance is air limited Engines are usually optimized for maximum power at high speed Considerations 4-stroke engine: volumetric
More information2.61 Internal Combustion Engines
Due: Thursday, February 19, 2004 2.61 Internal Combustion Engines Problem Set 2 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 1. Several velocities, time, and length scales are useful in understanding what goes on inside
More informationInternal Combustion Engines
Emissions & Air Pollution Lecture 3 1 Outline In this lecture we will discuss emission control strategies: Fuel modifications Engine technology Exhaust gas aftertreatment We will become particularly familiar
More informationPERFORMANCE AND EMISSION ANALYSIS OF DIESEL ENGINE BY INJECTING DIETHYL ETHER WITH AND WITHOUT EGR USING DPF
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION ANALYSIS OF DIESEL ENGINE BY INJECTING DIETHYL ETHER WITH AND WITHOUT EGR USING DPF PROJECT REFERENCE NO. : 37S1036 COLLEGE BRANCH GUIDES : KS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
More informationChapter 8 Production of Power from Heat
Chapter 8 Production of Power from Heat Different sources of power, such as solar energy (from sun), kinetic energy from atmospheric winds and potential energy from tides. The most important source of
More informationAE 1005 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES COMBUSTION IN SI ENGINES
AE 1005 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES COMBUSTION IN SI ENGINES Syllabus Combustion in premixed and diffusion flames - Combustion process in IC engines. Stages of combustion - Flame propagation - Flame velocity and
More informationInternal Combustion Engine. Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST
Internal Combustion Engine Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST What is an Engine? -a machine designed to convert one form of energy into mechanical energy Two types of engines : 1. Internal
More informationFocus on Training Section: Unit 2
All Pump Types Page 1 1. Title Page Learning objectives Become familiar with the 4 stroke cycle Become familiar with diesel combustion process To understand how timing affects emissions To understand the
More informationSimple Carburettor Fuel System for a Piston Engine. And how it works
Simple Carburettor Fuel System for a Piston Engine And how it works Inlet Exhaust Tank PISTON ENGINE Carburettor Fuel System Filler Cap COCKPIT FUEL GAUGE E FUEL 1/2 F Filler Neck Tank Cavity FUEL LEVEL
More informationComp Turbo Turbochargers
Comp Turbo Turbochargers The turbochargers manufactured and sold by Comp Turbo, embody the latest in small turbocharger design technology. The three main components that contribute to the turbocharger
More informationApplied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines
Applied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mazlan Abdul Wahid Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia www.fkm.utm.my/~mazlan 1 Coverage Introduction Operation
More informationInduction, Cooling, & Exhaust Aviation Maintenance Technology
Induction, Cooling, & Exhaust Aviation Maintenance Technology INDUCTION Induction = There are two basic types 1. 2. Non-supercharged components 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Air Scoop Air filters. Ducting Hot
More informationBoosting System Challenges for Extreme Downsizing
Department of Mechanical Engineering Powertrain & Vehicle Research Centre Boosting System Challenges for Extreme Downsizing 1 Thanks to contributors to this presentation UNIVERSITY OF BATH Andrew Lewis
More informationDescribe the function of a hydraulic power unit
Chapter 7 Source of Hydraulic Power Power Units and Pumps 1 Objectives Describe the function of a hydraulic power unit and identify its primary components. Explain the purpose of a pump in a hydraulic
More informationWhich are the four important control loops of an spark ignition (SI) engine?
151-0567-00 Engine Systems (HS 2017) Exercise 1 Topic: Lecture 1 Johannes Ritzmann (jritzman@ethz.ch), Raffi Hedinger (hraffael@ethz.ch); October 13, 2017 Problem 1 (Control Systems) Why do we use control
More informationEngine Turbo/Super Charging. Super and Turbo-charging. Why super/ turbo-charging? Fuel burned per cycle in an IC engine is air limited
Engine urbo/super Charging Super and urbo-charging Why super/ turbo-charging? Fuel burned per cycle in an IC engine is air limited (F/A) stoich = /4.6 orq m Q f, v fuel conversion and volumetric efficiencies
More informationLECTURE NOTES INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES SI AN INTEGRATED EVALUATION
LECTURE NOTES on INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES SI AN INTEGRATED EVALUATION Integrated Master Course on Mechanical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department November 2015 Approach SI _ indirect injection
More informationCOMBINED COMPRESSOR-EXPANDER IN FUEL CELL APPLICATION
COMBINED COMPRESSOR-EXPANDER IN FUEL CELL APPLICATION Nikola Stosic, Ian K. Smith and Ahmed Kovacevic City University, London EC1V OHB, U.K. Tel +44 20 7477 8780, Fax +44 7477 8566 e- Centre for Positive
More information2. Air Line AIR LINE FUEL INJECTION (FUEL SYSTEM) A: GENERAL B: MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE SENSOR FU(H4DOTC)-3
W1860BE.book Page 3 Tuesday, January 28, 2003 11:01 PM 2. Air Line A: GENERAL The air filtered by the air cleaner enters the throttle body where it is regulated in the volume by the throttle valve and
More informationE - THEORY/OPERATION - TURBO
E - THEORY/OPERATION - TURBO 1995 Volvo 850 1995 ENGINE PERFORMANCE Volvo - Theory & Operation 850 - Turbo INTRODUCTION This article covers basic description and operation of engine performance-related
More informationUnit WorkBook 4 Level 4 ENG U13 Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines UniCourse Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Sample
Pearson BTEC Levels 4 Higher Nationals in Engineering (RQF) Unit 13: Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines Unit Workbook 4 in a series of 4 for this unit Learning Outcome 4 Internal Combustion
More informationSuperchargers
Superchargers Common Terms...... 2 Charge-Air-Cooler...2 Boost...2 Blow Through System...2 Draw Through System...2 Centrifugal...2 Positive Displacement...2 Water Injection...2 Under / Overdriven...2 Adiabatic
More informationThe Internal combustion engine (Otto Cycle)
The Internal combustion engine (Otto Cycle) The Otto cycle is a set of processes used by spark ignition internal combustion engines (2-stroke or 4-stroke cycles). These engines a) ingest a mixture of fuel
More informationHomogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines Aravind. I. Garagad. Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Engineering and Technology, Dharwad, Karnataka, India. ABSTRACT Large reductions
More informationCHARGING SYSTEM OF SPARK IGNITION ENGINE WITH TWO TURBOCHARGERS
Journal of KONES Powertrain and ransport, ol 5, No 2 2008 CHARGING SYSEM OF SPARK IGNIION ENGINE WIH WO URBOCHARGERS Bronisaw Sendyka Section of Special Engine, Faculty of Machanical Engineering, Cracow
More informationMechanism Investigation: Automotive Charging Systems. April 16, by Kyle Oliver EMA 202 UW-Madison Rob Olson, T.A.
Mechanism Investigation: Automotive Charging Systems April 16, 2004 by Kyle Oliver EMA 202 UW-Madison Rob Olson, T.A. Introduction Since automobile engines require both fuel and oxygen for the combustion
More informationDevelopment of Variable Geometry Turbocharger Contributes to Improvement of Gasoline Engine Fuel Economy
Development of Variable Geometry Turbocharger Contributes to Improvement of Gasoline Engine Fuel Economy 30 MOTOKI EBISU *1 YOSUKE DANMOTO *1 YOJI AKIYAMA *2 HIROYUKI ARIMIZU *3 KEIGO SAKAMOTO *4 Every
More informationUnit IV. Marine Diesel Engine Read this article about the engines used in the marine industry
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe Vicerrectorado Académico Cátedra de Idiomas English VI. Maritime Engineering Marine facilities Unit IV. Marine Diesel Engine Read this article about
More informationNational Maritime Center
National Maritime Center Providing Credentials to Mariners U.S.C.G. Merchant Marine Exam (Sample Examination) Page 1 of 20 U.S.C.G. Merchant Marine Exam Illustrations: 9 Choose the best answer to the following
More informationTM &P TECHNICAL MANUAL
TM 5-3895-355-14&P TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR'S, ORGANIZATIONAL, DIRECT SUPPORT AND GENERAL SUPPORT MAINTENANCE MANUAL (INCLUDING REPAIR PARTS INFORMATION AND SUPPLEMENTAL MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR PARTS INSTRUCTIONS)
More informationSupercharging INDUCTION. Its purpose is to increase the mass of the air/fuel charge going into the engine for each revolution.
Supercharging INDUCTION Its purpose is to increase the mass of the air/fuel charge going into the engine for each revolution. Most supercharged engines also have constant speed propellers They are designed
More informationPRESSURIZED PICKUP. Blower Basics: What You Need To Know About Supercharging by Ron Ceridono photos by Jason Scudellari
TECH INSTALL FABRICATE UPGRADE PRESSURIZED PICKUP Blower Basics: What You Need To Know About Supercharging by Ron Ceridono photos by Jason Scudellari Internal combustion engines have been around for some
More informationVariable Intake Manifold Development trend and technology
Variable Intake Manifold Development trend and technology Author Taehwan Kim Managed Programs LLC (tkim@managed-programs.com) Abstract The automotive air intake manifold has been playing a critical role
More informationEffect of Twin Turbocharger on Eicher Dump Truck
IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering Volume 2 Issue 4 October 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-784X Effect of Twin Turbocharger on Eicher Dump Truck Ashish S. Yelekar Student Yogesh
More informationTurbo Tech 101 ( Basic )
Turbo Tech 101 ( Basic ) How a Turbo System Works Engine power is proportional to the amount of air and fuel that can get into the cylinders. All things being equal, larger engines flow more air and as
More informationThe Four Stroke Cycle
1 Induction As the piston travels down the cylinder it draws filtered air at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature through an air filter and inlet valves into the cylinder. 2 Compression When the
More informationChapter 2 How the Diesel Aircraft Engine Functions
Chapter 2 How the Diesel Aircraft Engine Functions People who are familiar with the functioning of a gasoline aircraft engine need not have any difficulty in understanding how a high speed Diesel aircraft
More informationAIRCRAFT GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (1) AIRFRAME/SYSTEMS/POWERPLANT
1 In flight, a cantilever wing of an airplane containing fuel undergoes vertical loads which produce a bending moment: A highest at the wing root B equal to the zero -fuel weight multiplied by the span
More informationNormal vs Abnormal Combustion in SI engine. SI Combustion. Turbulent Combustion
Turbulent Combustion The motion of the charge in the engine cylinder is always turbulent, when it is reached by the flame front. The charge motion is usually composed by large vortexes, whose length scales
More informationRESEARCH ON INFLUENCE OF CONDITION ELEMENTS THE SUPERCHARGER SYSTEM ON THE PARAMETERS OF THE MARINE DIESEL ENGINE
Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 20, No. 1 2013 RESEARCH ON INFLUENCE OF CONDITION ELEMENTS THE SUPERCHARGER SYSTEM ON THE PARAMETERS OF THE MARINE DIESEL ENGINE Kazimierz Witkowski Gdynia
More informationCHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES
CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES CONTENTS PAGE Multi-Cylinders 02 Firing orders 06 2 Stroke Cycle 08 Diesel Cycle 10 Wankel Engine 12 Radial/Rotary 14 Engine Types Multi Cylinders Below are illustrated
More information