THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4."

Transcription

1 THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? WE KNOW ABOUT:- WHICH WE KNOW AS:- LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4. EXHAUST SQUEEZE BANG BLOW

2 Inlet valve opens Lead Lag Valve overlap AND RELATE IT TO THIS DIAGRAM Lag valve closes 2 compression Charge ignited 4 BANG BLOW SQUEEZE SUCK 30 Power 3 1 Induction WE LL SEE A STEP BY STEP EXPLAINATION OF THIS DIAGRAM Inlet valve closes Lag Lead valve opens PROPULSION 33-11

3 AND THIS DIAGRAM 1 Down Up 4 INDUCTION (first downstroke) - Inlet valve open - Piston moves down the cylinder (from to ) - Fuel air mixture (the charge) is drawn into the cylinder EXHAUST (second upstroke) - valve open - Piston moves back up the cylinder (from to ) -The burnt (exhaust) gases, having now performed their useful work on the Power Stroke, escape into the atmosphere via the exhaust pipe. COMPRESSION(first upstroke) - Both valves are closed - Piston moves back up the 2 cylinder (from to ) - Fuel air mixture is compressed into the top of the cylinder (the combustion chamber). COMBUSTION (second downstroke) - Both valves are closed - Spark occurs, igniting the compressed fuel/air mixture - Rapid expansion of the burning mixture forces the piston back down the cylinder (from to ). Up 3 Down 1 Stroke = the piston sliding either up or down the cylinder Therefore a Four Stroke engine is 2 revs of the crankshaft

4 PISTON MOVES DOWN CYLINDER AIR/FUEL DRAWN (INDUCED - SUCKED) INTO CYLINDER CRANK ROTATES STROKE 1

5 PISTON AIR/FUEL TRAPPED MOVES (COMPRESSED BACK UP CYLINDER - SQUEEZED) IN CYLINDER CRANK CONTINUES TO ROTATE STROKE 2

6 PISTON FORCED DOWN CYLINDER AIR/FUEL IGNITED AND BURNS (COMBUSTION - BLOW) IN CYLINDER CRANK STARTS 2ND ROTATION STROKE 3

7 PISTON MOVES BACK UP CYLINDER AGAIN BURNT AIR/FUEL PUSHED OUT OF CYLINDER (EXHAUST BLOW) CRANK CONTINUES 2 ND ROTATION STROKE 4

8 It is of course the start of the induction stroke And the whole process starts again When the end of the exhaust stroke is reached

9 But :- Because valves don t open and close instantly, and the air/fuel mixture doesn t explode instantly (it s a rapid burning process) valve operation and air/fuel ignition isn t set at the and positions. These events are set to occur at the following positions, designated as angular positions of the crank shaft.

10 We ll start the process at 30 degrees before The start of Induction Stroke 1 At which point, the Inlet valve begins to open

11 Inlet valve opens The start of Compression Stroke 2 The induction stroke ends at 15 degrees after. When the Inlet valve closes 1. Induction Trapping the air/fuel mixture in the cylinder Inlet valve closes Called Valve Lag because it is after

12 Ignition occurs at 30 degrees before. Inlet valve opens The start of Power Stroke 3 At this point, both valves are closed Ignition 2. Compression 1. Induction Inlet valve closes And is the start of the Power stroke

13 Inlet valve opens Ignition The start of Stroke 4 Burning air/fuel mixture reaches maximum expansion And is the end of the Power stroke and start of the stroke 15 degrees before, the exhaust valve opens 2. Compression 1. Induction 3. Power Called Valve Lead because it is before Inlet valve closes valve opens

14 Inlet valve opens The end of Stroke 4 This position is towards the end of the stroke the inlet valve starts to open So as the exhaust valve starts to close, Ignition 2. Compression Induction 3. Power And is ALSO the beginning of the Induction stroke Inlet valve closes valve opens

15 Inlet valve opens This is called Valve Overlap Valve Overlap - Stroke 4 to 1 valve closes Both the inlet and exhaust valves are partially open Ignition 2. Compression Induction 3. Power Inlet valve closes valve opens Therefore the Induction stroke starts 45 degrees before the end of the stroke

16 Inlet valve opens The start of Induction Stroke 1 This position is at the end of the exhaust stroke valve closes The inlet valve is now open The exhaust valve is now closed Ignition 2. Compression Induction 3. Power Inlet valve closes valve opens And is 45 degrees into the induction stroke

17 Lag Inlet valve opens Lead Valve overlap Lag valve closes Simple isn t it! Charge ignited Suck 30 2 compression 4 Power 3 1 Induction Squeeze Bang Inlet valve closes Lag Lead valve opens Blow PROPULSION 33-11

18 But, this is happening in every cylinder in all 4 stroke engines no matter how many cylinders there are. Lets look at the most typical vehicle engine, the Inline 4

19 the front And The the firing cylinders order are is:- numbered 1 3 from 4-2 to the rear

20

21

22

23

Task 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below.

Task 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below. Task 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below. 4 BASIC OPERATIONS The Induction Stroke On the induction stroke, the inlet valve opens and the piston, moving down, creates

More information

The Four Stroke Cycle

The Four Stroke Cycle 1 Induction As the piston travels down the cylinder it draws filtered air at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature through an air filter and inlet valves into the cylinder. 2 Compression When the

More information

CHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES

CHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES CONTENTS PAGE Multi-Cylinders 02 Firing orders 06 2 Stroke Cycle 08 Diesel Cycle 10 Wankel Engine 12 Radial/Rotary 14 Engine Types Multi Cylinders Below are illustrated

More information

Internal Combustion Engines

Internal Combustion Engines Engine Cycles Lecture Outline In this lecture we will: Analyse actual air fuel engine cycle: -Stroke cycle -Stroke cycle Compare these cycles to air standard cycles Actual Engine Cycle Although air standard

More information

IC ENGINE(4 STROKE) G.H.R.I.E&M JALGAON. Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Mehta chirag Shah sagar Patel jainish talele amit

IC ENGINE(4 STROKE) G.H.R.I.E&M JALGAON. Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Mehta chirag Shah sagar Patel jainish talele amit IC ENGINE(4 STROKE) G.H.R.I.E&M JALGAON Mehta chirag Shah sagar Patel jainish talele amit Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) 9096297071 9028248697 9028913994 8087260063 1 Abstract The four stroke,

More information

FUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS

FUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS Prof. Kunalsinh Mechanical Engineering Dept. FUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS Prof. Kunalsinh kathia [MECHANICAL DEPT.] UNIT-2 [ENGINES] PART-1 Prof. Kunalsinh kathia [MECHANICAL DEPT.] Internal combustion

More information

INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE

INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE Engine: An engine is motor which converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Fuel/petrol engine: A petrol engine (known as a gasoline engine in North America) is

More information

CHAPTER 6 IGNITION SYSTEM

CHAPTER 6 IGNITION SYSTEM CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 6 IGNITION SYSTEM CONTENTS PAGE Faraday s Law 02 The magneto System 04 Dynamo/Alternator System 06 Distributor 08 Electronic System 10 Spark Plugs 12 IGNITION SYSTEM Faraday s Law The

More information

Question: Automobiles. Observations About Automobiles. Heat Engines. Heat Pumps. Question:

Question: Automobiles. Observations About Automobiles. Heat Engines. Heat Pumps. Question: Automobiles 1 Automobiles 2 Question: Automobiles A car burns gasoline to obtain energy but allows some heat to escape into the air. Could a mechanically perfect car avoid releasing heat altogether? Automobiles

More information

Focus on Training Section: Unit 2

Focus on Training Section: Unit 2 All Pump Types Page 1 1. Title Page Learning objectives Become familiar with the 4 stroke cycle Become familiar with diesel combustion process To understand how timing affects emissions To understand the

More information

The 4 Stroke Diesel Cycle

The 4 Stroke Diesel Cycle The 4 Stroke Diesel Cycle Nickolaus Otto invented the 4 stroke cycle in 1862. More details of how the four stroke spark ignition cycle works, together with pictures of Otto's first engines can be found

More information

Internal Combustion Engines

Internal Combustion Engines Internal Combustion Engines The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction of a fuel with an

More information

Air Cooled Engine Technology. Roth 9 th Ch 5 2 & 4 Cycle Engines Pages 81 94

Air Cooled Engine Technology. Roth 9 th Ch 5 2 & 4 Cycle Engines Pages 81 94 Roth 9 th Ch 5 2 & 4 Cycle Engines Pages 81 94 1. The of the piston is its movement in the cylinder from one end of its travel to another. Either TDC to BDC (downstroke) or BDC to TDC (upstroke). Identified

More information

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:- To study about two stroke and four stroke petrol engines. APPARATUS REQUIRED:- Sl.no Name of the apparatus Specification Quant

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:- To study about two stroke and four stroke petrol engines. APPARATUS REQUIRED:- Sl.no Name of the apparatus Specification Quant EXPERIMENT ON TWO STROKE AND FOUR STROKE PETROL ENGINES Prepared By Prof. (Dr.) M. K. Roul Professor and Principal, Gandhi Institute for Technological Advancement (GITA), Bhubaneswar 752054 June 2014 1

More information

Figure 1. b) 1 mark for mm (+/ mm)

Figure 1. b) 1 mark for mm (+/ mm) Qualification title: Level 3 Advanced Technical Extended Diploma in Land-Based Engineering Test title: 0171-515/015 Level 3 Land-based Engineering theory exam Version: June 2017 Exam date: 22/06/2017 Exam

More information

Fundamentals of Small Gas Engines

Fundamentals of Small Gas Engines Fundamentals of Small Gas Engines Objectives: Describe the four-stroke cycle engine operation and explain the purpose of each stroke Explain the concept of valve timing Describe two-stroke engine operation

More information

Automobiles. Introductory Question. 6 Questions about Automobiles. Observations about Automobiles. Question 1. Heat Engines

Automobiles. Introductory Question. 6 Questions about Automobiles. Observations about Automobiles. Question 1. Heat Engines Automobiles 1 Automobiles 2 Introductory Question Automobiles A car burns gasoline to obtain energy but allows some heat to escape into the air. Could a mechanically perfect car avoid releasing heat altogether?

More information

Engine Project. These engines are typically used in lawn mowers, snow blowers, go-carts, etc

Engine Project. These engines are typically used in lawn mowers, snow blowers, go-carts, etc Engine Project Your team is going to dissect and assemble a 3.5 HP single cylinder, 4 cycle engine, made by Briggs and Stratton in Milwaukee, Wisconsin These engines are typically used in lawn mowers,

More information

Introduction to I.C Engines CH. 1. Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje

Introduction to I.C Engines CH. 1. Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje Introduction to I.C Engines CH. 1 Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje 1 An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion

More information

Unit C: Agricultural Power Systems. Lesson 1: Understanding Principles of Operation of Internal Combustion Engines

Unit C: Agricultural Power Systems. Lesson 1: Understanding Principles of Operation of Internal Combustion Engines Unit C: Agricultural Power Systems Lesson 1: Understanding Principles of Operation of Internal Combustion Engines 1 Terms Compression Compression stroke Connecting rod Crankshaft Cycle Cylinder Diesel

More information

Two Cycle and Four Cycle Engines

Two Cycle and Four Cycle Engines Ch. 5 Two Cycle and Four Cycle Engines Feb 20 7:43 AM 1 Stroke of the piston is its movement in the cylinder from one end of its travel to the other Feb 20 7:44 AM 2 Four stroke cycle engine 4 strokes

More information

UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF IC ENGINES. Objectives. Structure. 2.1 Introduction

UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF IC ENGINES. Objectives. Structure. 2.1 Introduction UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS Power Plants Structure 2.1 Introduction Objectives 2.2 Classification of IC Engines 2.3 Four Stroke Engines versus Two Stroke Engines 2.4 Working of Four Stroke Petrol Engine 2.5 Working

More information

ENGINES ENGINE OPERATION

ENGINES ENGINE OPERATION ENGINES ENGINE OPERATION Because the most widely used piston engine is the four-stroke cycle type, it will be used as the example for this section, Engine Operation and as the basis for comparison in the

More information

Internal Combustion Engines.

Internal Combustion Engines. Internal Combustion Engines. Here's a quick description of a typical internal combustion engine, along with basic vocabularies that describe the components and their functions. This stuffs serve as a quick

More information

Simple Carburettor Fuel System for a Piston Engine. And how it works

Simple Carburettor Fuel System for a Piston Engine. And how it works Simple Carburettor Fuel System for a Piston Engine And how it works Inlet Exhaust Tank PISTON ENGINE Carburettor Fuel System Filler Cap COCKPIT FUEL GAUGE E FUEL 1/2 F Filler Neck Tank Cavity FUEL LEVEL

More information

SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL

SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 1 SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL Mechanical Engineering ME Postal Correspondence Course Internal Combustion Engine GATE, IES & PSUs IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 2 C O N T E N T 1.

More information

Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine.

Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine. Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine. Aim: To study the construction and working of 4- stroke petrol / diesel engine. Theory: A machine or device which derives heat from the combustion

More information

SIDEWINDER COURSE PREREQUISITE MANUAL

SIDEWINDER COURSE PREREQUISITE MANUAL SIDEWINDER COURSE PREREQUISITE MANUAL The S&S engine class is designed for the seasoned tech or shop owner. A certain level of knowledge and understanding is required for your success. We will be covering

More information

Chapter 8 Production of Power from Heat

Chapter 8 Production of Power from Heat Chapter 8 Production of Power from Heat Different sources of power, such as solar energy (from sun), kinetic energy from atmospheric winds and potential energy from tides. The most important source of

More information

ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES

ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES A heat engine is a machine, which converts heat energy into mechanical energy. The combustion of fuel such as coal, petrol, diesel generates heat. This heat is supplied to a

More information

CHAPTER 1 MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT

CHAPTER 1 MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 1 MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT CONTENTS PAGE Basic Principals 02 The Crankshaft 06 Piston Attachment 08 Major Assemblies 10 Valve Gear 12 Cam Drive 18 Mechanical Arrangement - Basic Principals

More information

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE Page 1 of 13 EFFECT OF VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM ON VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY: Qu. 1:Why Inlet valve is closed after the Bottom Dead Centre

More information

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT DIVISON OF THERMAL AND ENERGY CONVERSION IC Engine Fundamentals 2 Engine Systems An engine

More information

ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADETS PROFICIENCY LEVEL TWO INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 3 EO M EXPLAIN THE CYCLES OF A FOUR-STROKE PISTON-POWERED ENGINE

ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADETS PROFICIENCY LEVEL TWO INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 3 EO M EXPLAIN THE CYCLES OF A FOUR-STROKE PISTON-POWERED ENGINE ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADETS PROFICIENCY LEVEL TWO INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 3 EO M232.03 EXPLAIN THE CYCLES OF A FOUR-STROKE PISTON-POWERED ENGINE Total Time: 60 min PREPARATION PRE-LESSON INSTRUCTIONS

More information

Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 11 Pages Engine Fundamentals 62 Points

Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 11 Pages Engine Fundamentals 62 Points Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 11 Pages 145-161 Engine Fundamentals 62 Points 1. The is the area between the top of the piston & the cylinder head. Combustion Chamber Cylinder Chamber Chamber of

More information

OBJECTIVE: GENERAL ASPECTS ABOUT ENGINES MECHANISM:

OBJECTIVE: GENERAL ASPECTS ABOUT ENGINES MECHANISM: LANDMARK UNIVERSITY, OMU-ARAN LECTURE NOTE 3 COLLEGE: COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Course code: MCE 211 Course title: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Credit

More information

Applied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines

Applied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines Applied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mazlan Abdul Wahid Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia www.fkm.utm.my/~mazlan 1 Coverage Introduction Operation

More information

Lecture 5. Abnormal Combustion

Lecture 5. Abnormal Combustion Lecture 5 Abnormal Combustion Abnormal Combustion The Abnormal Combustion:- When the combustion gets deviated from the normal behavior resulting loss of performance or damage to the engine. It is happened

More information

TKP3501 Farm Mechanization

TKP3501 Farm Mechanization TKP3501 Farm Mechanization Topic 2: Internal Combustion Engines Ahmad Suhaizi, Mat Su Email: asuhaizi@upm.edu.my Outlines Internal vs external combustion engines Engine structure Combustion cycle 4 stroke

More information

KEIHIN CARBURATORS FOR 4-CYLINDER HONDA MOTORCYCLES

KEIHIN CARBURATORS FOR 4-CYLINDER HONDA MOTORCYCLES KEIHIN CARBURATORS FOR 4-CYLINDER HONDA MOTORCYCLES Set of 4 Keihin carburetors marked 089A and used on 1976 CB550K GENERAL NOTES: All carburetors perform the same function: mixing air and fuel for supply

More information

Emission from gasoline powered vehicles are classified as 1. Exhaust emission 2. Crank case emission 3. Evaporative emission. Table 1.

Emission from gasoline powered vehicles are classified as 1. Exhaust emission 2. Crank case emission 3. Evaporative emission. Table 1. Introduction: Main three types of automotive vehicle being used 1. Passenger cars powered by four stroke gasoline engines 2. Motor cycles, scooters and auto rickshaws powered mostly by small two stroke

More information

SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (An Autonomous Institution) Department of Automobile Engineering

SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (An Autonomous Institution) Department of Automobile Engineering SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (An Autonomous Institution) Department of Automobile Engineering ACADEMIC YEAR 2015-16 FIFTH SEMESTER AU 302 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE COMPONENTS DESIGN UNIT 2 CYLINDER, PISTON & CONNECTING

More information

LECTURE NOTES INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES SI AN INTEGRATED EVALUATION

LECTURE NOTES INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES SI AN INTEGRATED EVALUATION LECTURE NOTES on INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES SI AN INTEGRATED EVALUATION Integrated Master Course on Mechanical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department November 2015 Approach SI _ indirect injection

More information

FUNCTIONS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES COMPONENTS PADALOMOJI MEDŽIAGA MOKYTOJUI. Fuel delivery system consists of kuro padavimo sistemą sudaro:

FUNCTIONS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES COMPONENTS PADALOMOJI MEDŽIAGA MOKYTOJUI. Fuel delivery system consists of kuro padavimo sistemą sudaro: FUNCTIONS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES COMPONENTS Slide 3 (Vidaus degimo variklių veikimas) PADALOMOJI MEDŽIAGA MOKYTOJUI Task 1: Analyse the main terms of fuel delivery system. Put a plus next to the

More information

HAYNES ASSEMBLY MANUAL

HAYNES ASSEMBLY MANUAL Age range 10+ HAYNES ASSEMBLY MANUAL HM04R Haynes Build Your Own Internal Combustion Engine HM04R Haynes Build Your Own Internal Combustion Engine Kit Haynes Publishing 2015 All rights reserved. No part

More information

Engine Design Classifications

Engine Design Classifications Chapter 12 Engine Design Classifications Name: Date: Instructor: Score: Textbook pages 158-175 Objective: After studying this chapter, you will be able to describe and explain basic automotive engine designs

More information

Chapter 14 Small Gas Engines

Chapter 14 Small Gas Engines Chapter 14 Small Gas Engines Use the Textbook Pages 321 349 to help answer the questions Why You Learn So Well in Tech & Engineering Classes 1. Internal combustion make heat by burning a fuel & air mixture

More information

UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Objectives After the completion of this chapter, Students 1. To know the different parts of IC engines and their functions. 2. To understand the working principle of

More information

Introducing the Sea-Doo 4-TEC SUPERCHARGED

Introducing the Sea-Doo 4-TEC SUPERCHARGED Introducing the Sea-Doo 4-TEC SUPERCHARGED 185HP & MASSIVE TORQUE iame41-1.doc 29Mar03 Page 1 of 2 Another Sea-Doo watercraft first and only. Introducing the 185hp, GTX 4-TEC SUPERCHARGED PWC. The 4-TEC

More information

Gas exchange process for IC-engines: poppet valves, valve timing and variable valve actuation

Gas exchange process for IC-engines: poppet valves, valve timing and variable valve actuation Gas exchange process for IC-engines: poppet valves, valve timing and variable valve actuation Topics Analysis of the main parameters influencing the volumetric efficiency in IC engines: - Valves and valve

More information

Bronze Level Training

Bronze Level Training Bronze Level Training Engine Principles of Operation While not everyone at the dealership needs to be a top rated service technician, it is good for all the employees to have a basic understanding of engine

More information

Combustion engines. Combustion

Combustion engines. Combustion Combustion engines Chemical energy in fuel converted to thermal energy by combustion or oxidation Heat engine converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Thermal energy raises temperature and pressure

More information

(v) Cylinder volume It is the volume of a gas inside the cylinder when the piston is at Bottom Dead Centre (B.D.C) and is denoted by V.

(v) Cylinder volume It is the volume of a gas inside the cylinder when the piston is at Bottom Dead Centre (B.D.C) and is denoted by V. UNIT II GAS POWER CYCLES AIR STANDARD CYCLES Air standard cycles are used for comparison of thermal efficiencies of I.C engines. Engines working with air standard cycles are known as air standard engines.

More information

T erm STI2D. The process by which a car works is a lot simpler than you may think. When a driver turns a key in the ignition:

T erm STI2D. The process by which a car works is a lot simpler than you may think. When a driver turns a key in the ignition: 1. How a car engine Works The process by which a car works is a lot simpler than you may think. When a driver turns a key in the ignition: The car battery powers up sending Power to the starter motor,

More information

Guidance to Instructors on Subject Delivery PISTON ENGINE PROPULSION. This is a suggested programme for the delivery of this subject.

Guidance to Instructors on Subject Delivery PISTON ENGINE PROPULSION. This is a suggested programme for the delivery of this subject. Programme of learning: Guidance to Instructors on Subject Delivery This is a suggested programme for the delivery of this subject. The main headings are the Learning Outcomes (LO1, LO2, etc), with sub

More information

Engine Construction and Principles of Operation

Engine Construction and Principles of Operation Ch. 4 Engine Construction and Principles of Operation Gasoline Engine A gasoline fueled engine is a mechanism designed to transform chemical energy into mechanical energy It is an internal combustion engine.

More information

Inside a typical car engine. Almost all cars today use a reciprocating internal combustion engine because this engine is:

Inside a typical car engine. Almost all cars today use a reciprocating internal combustion engine because this engine is: Tech Torque HOW PETROL ENGINES WORK The Basics The purpose of a gasoline car engine is to convert gasoline into motion so that your car can move. Currently the easiest way to create motion from gasoline

More information

Internal Combustion Engine. Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST

Internal Combustion Engine. Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST Internal Combustion Engine Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST What is an Engine? -a machine designed to convert one form of energy into mechanical energy Two types of engines : 1. Internal

More information

An ordinary four-stroke engine dedicates one stroke to the process of air intake. There are three steps in this process:

An ordinary four-stroke engine dedicates one stroke to the process of air intake. There are three steps in this process: Supercharger Basics An ordinary four-stroke engine dedicates one stroke to the process of air intake. There are three steps in this process: 1. The piston moves down. 2. This creates a vacuum. 3. Air at

More information

Internal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition

Internal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition Chapter 1 Introduction 1-3 ENGINE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition 1 (a) Spark Ignition (SI). An SI engine starts the combustion

More information

ACTUAL CYCLE. Actual engine cycle

ACTUAL CYCLE. Actual engine cycle 1 ACTUAL CYCLE Actual engine cycle Introduction 2 Ideal Gas Cycle (Air Standard Cycle) Idealized processes Idealize working Fluid Fuel-Air Cycle Idealized Processes Accurate Working Fluid Model Actual

More information

Normal vs Abnormal Combustion in SI engine. SI Combustion. Turbulent Combustion

Normal vs Abnormal Combustion in SI engine. SI Combustion. Turbulent Combustion Turbulent Combustion The motion of the charge in the engine cylinder is always turbulent, when it is reached by the flame front. The charge motion is usually composed by large vortexes, whose length scales

More information

EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H6DO

EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H6DO EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H6DO SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1. System Overview There are three emission control systems, which are as follows: Crankcase emission control system Exhaust emission

More information

Automobile section, showing different parts in detail. and miscellaneous devices.

Automobile section, showing different parts in detail. and miscellaneous devices. SECTION VII Nos. 97 112 Automobile section, showing different parts in detail. and miscellaneous devices. Hydraulic jack MECHANICAL MODELS 43 Section VII 97. Automobile engine starter. This device known

More information

California State University, Bakersfield. Signals and Systems. Kristin Koehler. California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 4 July 18 th, 2013

California State University, Bakersfield. Signals and Systems. Kristin Koehler. California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 4 July 18 th, 2013 Kristin Koehler California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 4 July 18 th, 2013 1 Outline Internal combustion engines 2 stroke combustion engines 4 stroke combustion engines Diesel engines 2 Consists

More information

Gas Power System. By Ertanto Vetra

Gas Power System. By Ertanto Vetra Gas Power System 1 By Ertanto Vetra Outlines Introduction Internal Combustion Engines Otto Cycles Diesel Cycles Gas Turbine Cycles Gas Turbine Based Combined Cycles Gas Turbines for Aircrafts Turbojets

More information

The Basics of Four-Stroke Engines

The Basics of Four-Stroke Engines Youth Explore Trades Skills Description Students will be introduced to basic engine parts, theory and terminology. Understanding how an engine works and knowing some key related parts and terminology is

More information

I.C ENGINES. CLASSIFICATION I.C Engines are classified according to:

I.C ENGINES. CLASSIFICATION I.C Engines are classified according to: I.C ENGINES An internal combustion engine is most popularly known as I.C. engine, is a heat engine which converts the heat energy released by the combustion of the fuel taking place inside the engine cylinder

More information

What is a GLOW engine?

What is a GLOW engine? Micro engines What is a GLOW engine? R/C models get power from various modes. Gliders, for example, do not need a power source other than what nature provides. But they are the exception. Normally all

More information

2014 Hyundai Veloster ENGINE Ignition System - Veloster Turbo. Ignition System - Veloster Turbo

2014 Hyundai Veloster ENGINE Ignition System - Veloster Turbo. Ignition System - Veloster Turbo DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION DESCRIPTION 2013-14 ENGINE Ignition System - Veloster Turbo Ignition timing is controlled by the electronic control ignition timing system. The standard reference ignition timing

More information

SpiritPFC Torque/Horsepower Comparison Dynamometer Test Date: 5/7/2006

SpiritPFC Torque/Horsepower Comparison Dynamometer Test Date: 5/7/2006 SpiritPFC / Comparison Dynamometer Test Date: 5/7/2006 Dynamometer Test Outline: Contained within this document you will find data collected using a Dyno Datamite engine dynamometer hardware and software

More information

Kul Internal Combustion Engine Technology. Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5

Kul Internal Combustion Engine Technology. Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5 Kul-14.4100 Internal Combustion Engine Technology Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5 Definitions Combustion engines convert the chemical energy of fuel to mechanical

More information

Chapter 40: Engines and motors

Chapter 40: Engines and motors Chapter 40: Engines and motors Dr. Bassam A. Tayeh Engineering Technical English Islamic University of Gaza April, 2017 Contents A. Types and functions of engines and motors B. Internal combustion engines

More information

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/ A1

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/ A1 (19) United States US 2005O115243A1 (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/0115243 A1 Adle (43) Pub. Date: (54) FLYWHEEL VANE COMBUSTION ENGINE (76) Inventor: Donald L. Adle, Farmington

More information

air cadet publication

air cadet publication air cadet publication ACP 33 flight volume 3 - propulsion No Amendment List Date Amended by Date Incorporated 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Crown Copyright 2007 i ACP 33 FLIGHT CONTENTS Volume

More information

Handout Activity: HA170

Handout Activity: HA170 Basic diesel engine components Handout Activity: HA170 HA170-2 Basic diesel engine components Diesel engine parts are usually heavier or more rugged than those of similar output gasoline engines. Their

More information

Sensors & Controls. Everything you wanted to know about gas engine ignition technology but were too afraid to ask.

Sensors & Controls. Everything you wanted to know about gas engine ignition technology but were too afraid to ask. Everything you wanted to know about gas engine ignition technology but were too afraid to ask. Contents 1. Introducing Electronic Ignition 2. Inductive Ignition 3. Capacitor Discharge Ignition 4. CDI vs

More information

Cooling System Description and Operation

Cooling System Description and Operation Page 1 of 5 2008 Holden VE Sedan VE, WM, Caprice, Statesman, Lumina, Omega, VXR8 Service Manual Engine Engine Cooling Description and Operation Document ID: 1990377 Cooling System Description and Operation

More information

Template for the Storyboard stage

Template for the Storyboard stage Template for the Storyboard stage Animation can be done in JAVA 2-D. Mention what will be your animation medium: 2D or 3D Mention the software to be used for animation development: JAVA, Flash, Blender,

More information

Thermodynamic Cycles. Alicia Ma. Esponda Cascajares

Thermodynamic Cycles. Alicia Ma. Esponda Cascajares Thermodynamic Cycles Alicia Ma. Esponda Cascajares Power Cycles Cycles which convert a heat input into a mechanical work output. Power cycles can be divided according to the type of heat engine they seek

More information

Gas Turbine Power Plant Mr.B.Ramesh, M.E.,(Ph.D)

Gas Turbine Power Plant Mr.B.Ramesh, M.E.,(Ph.D) Gas Turbine Power Plant By Mr.B.Ramesh, M.E.,(Ph.D) Research Scholar, CEG, Anna University, Chennai. Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph s College of Engineering, Jeppiaar Trust,

More information

How To Verify Your Valve/Crankshaft Timing & Set A Distributor.

How To Verify Your Valve/Crankshaft Timing & Set A Distributor. How To Verify Your Valve/Crankshaft Timing & Set A Distributor. If you don't have a good working knowledge of shop safety practices, DON'T ATTEMPT THIS! If you don't possess common sense or self preservation

More information

Engine Cycles. T Alrayyes

Engine Cycles. T Alrayyes Engine Cycles T Alrayyes Introduction The cycle experienced in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine is very complex. The cycle in SI and diesel engine were discussed in detail in the previous

More information

Car Engine Simulation Tool

Car Engine Simulation Tool Car Engine Simulation Tool Final Bachelor Thesis Alejandro Victorio Ballestero INDEX I. Introduction -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

More information

Practical Exercise for Instruction Pack 2. Ed Abdo

Practical Exercise for Instruction Pack 2. Ed Abdo Practical Exercise for Instruction Pack 2 By Ed Abdo About the Author Edward Abdo has been actively involved in the motorcycle and ATV industry for over 25 years. He received factory training from Honda,

More information

Approved by AICTE, Government of India & affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow Department of Mechanical Engineering

Approved by AICTE, Government of India & affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow Department of Mechanical Engineering Experiment No. - 1 Object: Study and working of four stroke petrol engine. Apparatus Required: S. No. Name of Apparatus Specifications Model of Four stroke petrol engine NA Figure 1: Working of four stroke

More information

EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4DOTC

EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4DOTC EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4DOTC SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1. System Overview There are three emission control systems, which are as follows: Crankcase emission control system Exhaust emission

More information

EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4SO

EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4SO EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4SO SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1. System Overview There are three emission control systems, which are as follows: Crankcase emission control system Exhaust emission

More information

Internal Combustion Engines

Internal Combustion Engines Internal Combustion Engines Reading Problems 8-3 8-7 8-35, 8-45, 8-52 Definitions 1. spark ignition: a mixture of fuel and air is ignited by a spark plug applications requiring power to about 225 kw (300

More information

Service Advisor Customer Service Skills SERVICE ADVISOR. Technical for Non-technical - Engines INDUCTION

Service Advisor Customer Service Skills SERVICE ADVISOR. Technical for Non-technical - Engines INDUCTION Service Advisor Customer Service Skills SERVICE ADVISOR Technical for Non-technical - Engines INDUCTION Objectives Welcome to the technical for non-technical modules. We will discuss engines, transmissions

More information

UNIT 4 IGNITION SYSTEMS

UNIT 4 IGNITION SYSTEMS UNIT 4 IGNITION SYSTEMS Ignition Systems Structure 4.1 Introduction Objectives 4.2 Ignition System Types 4.3 Comparison between Battery and Magneto Ignition System 4.4 Drawbacks (Disadvantages) of Conventional

More information

IC ENGINES. Differences between SI and CI engines: Petrol is fuel, which has a high self ignition temperature

IC ENGINES. Differences between SI and CI engines: Petrol is fuel, which has a high self ignition temperature IC ENGINES SI Engines work at constant volume. They have a compression ratio of around 6-10. But CI engines work at constant pressure and has a compression ratio of 16-20. In four stroke engines, one power

More information

Internal Combustion Engine

Internal Combustion Engine Internal Combustion Engine The development of the internal combustion engine was made possible by the earlier development of the STEAM ENGINE. Both types of engines burn fuel, releasing energy from it

More information

NZQA Expiring unit standard 3400 version 4 Page 1 of 6. Check a four stroke petrol engine for condition using hand held test equipment

NZQA Expiring unit standard 3400 version 4 Page 1 of 6. Check a four stroke petrol engine for condition using hand held test equipment Page 1 of 6 Title Check a four stroke petrol engine for condition using hand held test equipment Level 3 Credits 4 Purpose This unit standard is for people in the automotive repair industry. People credited

More information

Module 5: Emission Control for SI Engines Lecture20:ADD-ON SYSTEMS FOR CONTROL OF ENGINE-OUT EMISSIONS

Module 5: Emission Control for SI Engines Lecture20:ADD-ON SYSTEMS FOR CONTROL OF ENGINE-OUT EMISSIONS ADD-ON SYSTEMS FOR CONTROL OF ENGINE-OUT EMISSIONS The Lecture Contains: Crankcase Emission Control (PCV System) Evaporative Emission Control Exhaust Gas Recirculation Water Injection file:///c /...%20and%20Settings/iitkrana1/My%20Documents/Google%20Talk%20Received%20Files/engine_combustion/lecture20/20_1.htm[6/15/2012

More information

Fuel and exhaust systems 4A 21

Fuel and exhaust systems 4A 21 Fuel and exhaust systems 4A 21 15.40 Unscrew the union nuts and disconnect the fuel feed and return hoses from the manifold 41 Disconnect the injector wiring harness connector and the vacuum hose from

More information

Engine Systems. Basic Engine Operation. Firing Order. Four Stroke Cycle. Overhead Valves - OHV. Engine Design. AUMT Engine Systems 4/4/11

Engine Systems. Basic Engine Operation. Firing Order. Four Stroke Cycle. Overhead Valves - OHV. Engine Design. AUMT Engine Systems 4/4/11 Advanced Introduction Brake to Automotive Systems Diagnosis Service and Service Basic Engine Operation Engine Systems Donald Jones Brookhaven College The internal combustion process consists of: admitting

More information

Heat engine. Heat engine

Heat engine. Heat engine Heat engine Device that transforms heat into work. It requires two energy reservoirs at different temperatures An energy reservoir is a part of the environment so large wrt the system that its temperature

More information

Page 2. (a) (i) Show that during the change AB the gas undergoes an isothermal change.

Page 2. (a) (i) Show that during the change AB the gas undergoes an isothermal change. Q1.The Carnot cycle is the most efficient theoretical cycle of changes for a fixed mass of gas in a heat engine. The graph below shows the pressure volume (p V) diagram for a gas undergoing a Carnot cycle

More information

Lab #5 4-Cylinder Single Overhead Cam Engine Dissection

Lab #5 4-Cylinder Single Overhead Cam Engine Dissection Engr 3 Mission College Faculty: Kate Disney TA: Andrew Dina Lab #5 4-Cylinder Single Overhead Cam Engine Dissection Equipment: 4-Cylinder Mazda 16 Valve SOHC 92 (Manual Transmission) Ratchet with 2 and

More information