Chapter 5. Regulations for the Diesel passenger car 전남대학교공과대학기계시스템공학부 최병철교수

Transcription

1 Chapter 5 자동차배출가스규제 전남대학교공과대학기계시스템공학부 최병철교수 Regulations for the Diesel passenger car 1

2 자동차배출가스규제 일본대형디젤엔진배출가스규제 자동차배출가스규제 유럽승용디젤엔진배출가스규제 2

3 자동차배출가스규제 유럽승용디젤엔진배출가스규제 Emission regulation/modes 샤시다이나모의외관 (a) 샤시다이나모의내부 (b) 그림 5. 1 샤시다이나모메터 3

4 CVS measurement of Gasoline Vehicles CVS measurement of Diesel Vehicles 4

5 Direct measurement of Vehicles Modal Mass measurement of Gasoline Vehicles 5

6 그림 5. 3 FTP75 사이클 Auto Driver 6

7 그림 5.4 미국고속도로주행사이클 (HWFET) Transient Federal Test Procedure (FTP) 7

8 그림 5.6 ECE 및 EUDC 그림 5.7 유럽이륜 15 모드사이클 8

9 속도 (km/h) Mode 경과시간 (sec) 그림 5.8 일본 10 모드사이클 70 vechicle speed (km/h) 그림 5.9 일본 모드사이클 cumulative time (s) 9

10 speed(km/ cy cle duration : 135 s distance travelled : 0.664km average speed :17.7 km/h maximu m s peed : 40km/h time(s) a : 10-mode cy cle (urburn traffic after warm start) speed(km/ time(s) cy cle duration : 120 s distance travelled : km average speed : 30.6 km/h maximum speed : 60 km/h b : 11-mode cy cle (urban expressway after cold start) 그림 5.10 일본 11 모드 engine load relative to maximum(%) 100 (1) Figures in circles correspond to order of execution of the cycle phases. 80 (2) The figure at the right of each circle is the corresponding 3 weighting factor gas throttle completely closed to reduce speed to 20% of max im 그림 5.11 일본가솔린 13 모드 10

11 engine load relative to new 13-mode present (1) firgure in circles correspond to the order of execution of the cycle phases. (2) The figure at the right of each circle is the corresponding weighting factor engine speed relative to maximum(%) 그림 5.12 일본디젤 13 모드 Mode Engine speed ECE R49 mode cycle Load rate(%) Weight factor 1 Idling / Intermediate (60% engine speed of max. 5 engine speed) Idling / Rated (max. engine speed) Idling /3 Effective Oct (Euro III), the R49 cycle was repl aced by the ESC schedule. 11

12 ESC(European Stationary Cycle) The ESC test cycle (also known as OICA/ACEA cycle) has been introduced, together with the ETC (European Transient Cycle) and the ELR (European Load Response) tests, for emission certification of heavy-duty diesel engines in Europe starting in the year 2000 (Directive 1999/96/EC of December 13, 1999). Engine Speed % Load Weight factor, % Duration 1 Low idle minutes 2 A minutes 3 B minutes 4 B minutes 5 A minutes 6 A minutes 7 A minutes 8 B minutes 9 B minutes 10 C minutes 11 C minutes 12 C minutes 13 C minutes The engine speeds are defined as follows: The high speed n hi is determined by calculating 70% of the declared maximum net power. The low speed n lo is determined by calculating 50% of the declared maximum net power. The engine speeds A, B, and C to be used during the test are then calculated from the following formulas: A = n lo (n hi -n lo ) B = n lo (n hi -n lo ) C = n lo (n hi -n lo ) The ESC test is characterized by high average load factors and very high exhaust gas temperatures. ETC(European Transient Cycle) ETC Transient Cycle - Vehicle Speed 12

13 ETC(European Transient Cycle) Engine Speed Torque World Harmonized Stationary Cycle (WHSC) The WHSC is run from a hot start, following engine preconditioning at mode 9. The idle mode is separated in two modes, mode 1 at the beginning and mode 13 at the end of the test cycle. Mode 0 is not run, but is only accounted for mathematically by a weighting factor of 0.24 and zero emissions and power.(??) 13

14 World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC) Homework 1 1. Kyoto 의정서에대해정리하고, 우리나라가배출감축의무국이되었을경우 CO2 저감대책안을제시하라 ( 논문형식으로작성 ). 2. 대기권의오존과성층권의오존이지구환경에미치는영향 3. 세계주요국 ( 미국, 유럽, 일본, 한국 ) 의승용차및대형차량배출가스규제치 (2000년이후적용) 및시험모드의동향 4. ESC mode에서구한배출가스농도 (ppm) 로부터 HC, CO, NOx의배출량g/kWh로계산하는방법 Due date :