Directly Molded Polymer Surge Arresters

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Chastity Greer
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Directly Molded Polymer Surge Arresters Ideal means to reduce environmental

performance (Hydrophobic silicone rubber) l Application of environment-friendly

molded structure) l Short lead time (Self manufacturing of arrester housing and

(lightweight design) l Easy installation without special equipment and can be

1 Directly Molded Polymer Surge Arresters Ideal means to reduce environmental impact Up to 420kV, Comply with IEC , Line discharge class 2-4 l Long-life performance (Hydrophobic silicone rubber) l Application of environment-friendly materials Lead free materials used l Safer short-circuit performance (directly molded structure) l Short lead time (Self manufacturing of arrester housing and ZnO elements) l Less transportation load during delivery and material purchasing (lightweight design) l Easy installation without special equipment and can be used with simple support structures (lightweight design)

Directly molded polymer surge arresters for the reduction of environmental impacts. As concern about global warming and environmental destruction increases, there is growing equipment.

caused by power transmission and distribution features and reduced environmental impact from manufacturing to operation, by using its manufacturing surge arresters since 1900.

2 Directly molded polymer surge arresters for the reduction of environmental impacts. As concern about global warming and environmental destruction increases, there is growing equipment. Toshiba supplies directly molded polymer surge arresters with leading excellent ZnO elements and silicone molding technologies based on its experience of demand to reduce the environmental impact caused by power transmission and distribution features and reduced environmental impact from manufacturing to operation, by using its manufacturing surge arresters since llong-life cycle design -Ideal designs and development and verification by sophisticated analysis techniques. -Improved pollution characteristics by hydrophobic silicone rubber -Improved water resistance by silicone rubber and ZnO elements (Lead-free glass is used on the sidesurface insulator) limproved safety for nearby operators and equipment -No gas space in the arrester housing and pressure relief by splitting the silicone rubber limproved fire safety after pressure relief -Self fire-extinguishing in emergency case of pressure relief by using high quality fire-retardant silicone rubber limproved protective characteristics by adjacent installation -The expectation of longer life cycle of protective equipment thanks to improved protection by adjacent installation Development Verification Operation Silicone rubber directly molding Excellent ZnO elements technolo gies Manufacturing Transportation Installation lreduction of environmental impact during manufacturing -Reduction of environmental impact during purchasing transportation (Application of lightweight materials) -The application of silicone housing which does not need high-temperature sintering during manufacturing lreduction of manufacturing lead time -Self-manufacturing of ZnO elements and self molding of silicone housing lmanufacturing for long-life cycle - Quality control by ISO9001 and ISO14000 certified manufacturing line lreduction of environmental impact during delivery transportation - Compact and lightweight design leasy installation - No need for special heavy equipment during installation - Application possibility of simple support structure

1. Features of Toshiba polymer surge arresters Long life cycle design Toshiba s polymer surge arresters have low environmental impact thanks to the use of silicone rubber which remains hydrophobic

Therefore, the surge arresters continue to show optimum performances even under extreme environmental conditions with heavy pollution, or in industrial, coastal or desert areas.

2) and using water-resistant silicone rubber (Lead-free glass for the glass coating is another environmental benefit.

These long life cycle performances have been fully verified by detailed evaluations such as pollution tests, boiling tests in salt water (Fig.

Excellent fire extinguishing after a short-circuit Toshiba s polymer surge arresters have a structure in which an internal section with stacked ZnO elements is directly molded by silicone rubber.

internal parts from bouncing out in emergency case of a short-circuit caused by a surge arrester failure (Fig. 6).

In addition, the use of high-quality incombustible silicone rubber makes the surge arresters self-extinguishing soon after pressure relief.

installation easier. In some case, in addition to simplification of support structure (Fig. 7), the support structure for adjacent equipments wad also used (Fig. 8).

3 View of boiling test Fig. 4 Long-term life performance tests Fig. 6 View of short circuit test Fig. 7 Example of simple support structure Fig.

3 1. Features of Toshiba polymer surge arresters Long life cycle design Toshiba s polymer surge arresters have low environmental impact thanks to the use of silicone rubber which remains hydrophobic throughout its life cycle (Fig. 1), consequently a continuous conductive layer is not formed on the surface of surge arresters by moisture and/or pollution materials. Therefore, the surge arresters continue to show optimum performances even under extreme environmental conditions with heavy pollution, or in industrial, coastal or desert areas. In addition, the surge arrester have been made highly water resistant by applying water-resistant glass to the side-surface insulator (Fig. 2) and using water-resistant silicone rubber (Lead-free glass for the glass coating is another environmental benefit.) The best seal strength of silicone rubber is achieved by optimal selection and application of primer. These long life cycle performances have been fully verified by detailed evaluations such as pollution tests, boiling tests in salt water (Fig. 3), long-term life performance tests in a coastal area (Fig. 4), heat-cycle tests, and other tests. Safer short-circuit properties for nearby operators and equipment. Excellent fire extinguishing after a short-circuit Toshiba s polymer surge arresters have a structure in which an internal section with stacked ZnO elements is directly molded by silicone rubber. Because there is no gas space in the arresters and thanks to the suitable design of the internal section, pressure is successfully relief by splitting the silicone rubber, thus preventing the internal parts from bouncing out in emergency case of a short-circuit caused by a surge arrester failure (Fig. 6). This feature ensures the safety of nearby operators and equipment during pressure relief. In addition, the use of high-quality incombustible silicone rubber makes the surge arresters self-extinguishing soon after pressure relief. Easy installation and application possibility of simple support structure Toshiba s surge arresters do not require special heavy equipments thanks to their compact and light weight design, making installation easier. In some case, in addition to simplification of support structure (Fig. 7), the support structure for adjacent equipments wad also used (Fig. 8). The safer pressure relief of the Toshiba polymer surge arresters enables them to be installed near other equipments. Fig. 1. Hydrophobicity of silicone rubber Fig. 2 Applied ZnO elements Fig. 3 View of boiling test Fig. 4 Long-term life performance tests Fig. 6 View of short circuit test Fig. 7 Example of simple support structure Fig. 8 Utilization of support structure of adjacent equipment Reduction of environmental impact during transportation of purchased materials and delivery of surge arresters Shorter manufacturing lead time and manufacturing certified by ISO9001, ISO14000 under strict quality control Toshiba s polymer surge arresters, feature directly molded silicone rubber housing instead of the conventional porcelain housing. Since silicone rubber is approximately 50% lighter than a porcelain housing, environmental impact during transportation of purchased materials is significantly reduced. We also substantially reduced the size and weight of the surge arresters compared with porcelain surge arresters by applying ZnO elements with high energy absorption and the silicone directly mold structure. Therefore, the environmental impact during transportation for delivery is significantly reduced. Figure 5 compares porcelain and polymer surge arresters for the 245kV system. The weight is reduced from 170 kg to 75kg and the height is also reduced with maintaining proper creepage distance because the complicated shed design was achieved by silicone injection. 170 kg Porcelain type Polymer type 75 kg Fig.5 Comparison on the surge arrester with the rated of 192kV The delivery lead time of Toshiba s polymer surge arresters has been reduced by self-manufacturing of ZnO elements (Fig. 9) and silicone molding. They are manufactured in ISO9001 and ISO14000 certified manufacturing lines under a strict quality and environmental control system. Development using pioneering analysis technologies Our highly experienced development staff develop and design Toshiba s polymer surge arresters with using pioneering analysis techniques. The flow of silicone rubber during injection (Fig. 10) is also analyzed and the best injecting condition is obtained. These manufacturing technologies result in long life cycle performance in the field. Fig. 9 Manufacturing facilities for ZnO elements Fig. 10 Example of the analysis of silicone rubber 4

4 2. Performance Toshiba s directly molded polymer surge arresters, which are the gapless ZnO element type, comply with the IEC standard (IEC ) and other relevant standards. These surge arresters cover the system s up to 420kV and IEC line discharge class from class-2 to class-4 as summarized in Fig. 11. Three types, the rotated machine protection type, Standard type and high mechanical strength type, are available for different applications. The principal characteristics of each type of surge arrester are summarized in Table 1. Rotated machine protection type Standard type High mechanical strength type Less than 17.5" IEC Line Discharge Class DLR (V10kA / UR) Type Form RVLQC--R--Y2 RVLQC----Y3 RVLQC--H--Y3 RVLQB--H--Y4 System (kv) Notes: 1) Surge arrester with L-D class 3 meets the requirements of L-D class 2. 2) Various surge arresters outside of this range are possible according to the customer s needs. Fig. 11 Covered range (system s and IEC line discharge class) Table 1. Rating Type Unit RVLQC--R--Y2 RVLQC----Y3 RVLQC--H--Y3 RVLQB--H--Y4 IEC Line discharge class system (Um) kv rms ~ ~ ~ ~ 420 rated (UR) kv rms ~ ~ ~ ~ 360 Nominal discharge current ka crest High current impulse ka crest Short cuircuit Discharge level ratio (Residual at 10kA/ Rated ) High current ka rms Low current A rms Energy absdorption kj/kv_ur bending moment Nm Notes 1) Surge arresters with larger energy absorption are available. 2) The energy absorption means the dissipated total energy per two shots of switching surge that the surge arrester can withstand without losing thermal stability. 3. Power frequency versus time characteristics Figure 12 shows the temporary over-. Toshiba s directly molded polymer surge arresters are available for all ratings. The curve represents the recommendation temporary over- and defines the duration and magnitude of temporary over-s that may be applied to the surge arrester until the applied reduces to the normal continuous. Temporary over- (p.u.) TOSHIBA surge arrester Family name of ZnO elements Arrester Rated Polymer type Export RV LQB R//H PL V Y 4 Designation R H With primary energy Without primary energy Permissible duration (s) Fig. 12 Power frequency versus time characteristics (TOV) 4. Designation of surge arrester type The type designation gives information about arrester rated, pollution level in accordance with IEC standards, and IEC line discharge class as below. An example of the designation is given below. Type of application Rotated machine protection Standard High mechanical strength 1.4 Designation Note : 1p.u. = rated Line-Discharge class 3 Line-Discharge class Temporary over- (p.u.) Without primary energy With primary energy Permissible duration (s) Pollution level IEC Line discharge class V Very heavy 31mm/kV H Heavy 25mm/kV 6 7

5 5. Detailed characteristics RVLQC--R--Y2 (Rotated machine protection type, IEC Line discharge class 2) Rotated machine rated Rated Continuous operating Line discharge class Long duration current energy absorption Residual s at discharge current Lightning current imp. 8/20 μsec. Switching surge current imp. Steep current imp. Um Ur Uc 2ms 1.5kA 5kA 10kA 20kA 0.5kA 1kA 2kA 10kA Housing insulation (Real ability) kv rms kv rms kv rms A kj/kv_ur kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kv rms mm mm mm Nm kg RVLQC----Y3 (Standard type, IEC Line discharge class 3) Maximum system Rated Continuous operating Line discharge class Long duration current energy absorption Residual s at discharge current Lightning current imp. 8/20 μsec. Switching surge current imp. Steep current imp. Um Ur Uc 2ms 5kA 10kA 20kA 40kA 0.5kA 1kA 2kA 10kA Lightning imp. Switching imp. Power frequency Height Creepage distance Grading ring diameter Number of stacked units permissible service load Mass (Approx.) Housing insulation (Requirment) kv rms kv rms kv rms A kj/kv_ur kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kv rms mm mm mm Nm kg Notes on detailed characteristics 1) Surge arresters with other rated s are available according to the customer s needs. 2) Surge arresters with other specifications are available according to the customer s needs. 3) The wave shapes of switching surge and steep current impulse are as follows. - Switching surge current impulse: virtual front time greater than 30μs but less than 100μs - Steep current impulse: virtual front time of 1μs. Lightning imp. 95 Switching imp. Power frequency Height Creepage distance Grading ring diameter Number of stacked units 1 permissible service load 1100 Mass (Approx.) Outline Figure Outline Figure

6 RVLQC--H--Y3 (High mechanical strength type, IEC Line discharge class 3) Residual s at discharge current Housing insulation (Requirment) Maximum Continuous Long Rated system operating Line duration Grading energy Creepage Number permissible discharge current Steep Height ring absorption Lightning current imp. 8/20 μsec. Switching surge current imp. Power distance of service current imp. Lightning Switching diameter class frequency stacked imp. imp. load Um Ur Uc 2ms 5kA 10kA 20kA 40kA 0.5kA 1kA 2kA 10kA units kv rms kv rms kv rms A kj/kv_ur kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kv rms mm mm mm Nm kg Mass (Approx.) Outline Figure RVLQB--H--Y4 (High mechanical strength type, IEC Line discharge class 4) Residual s at discharge current Housing insulation (Requirment) Maximum Continuous Long Rated system operating Line duration Grading energy Creepage Number permissible discharge current Steep Height ring absorption Lightning current imp. 8/20 μsec. Switching surge current imp. Power distance of service current imp. Lightning Switching diameter class frequency stacked imp. imp. load Um Ur Uc 2ms 5kA 10kA 20kA 40kA 0.5kA 1kA 2kA 10kA 20kA units kv rms kv rms kv rms A kj/kv_ur kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kvp kv rms mm mm mm Nm kg Notes on detailed characteristics 1) Surge arresters with other rated s are available according to the customer s needs. 2) Surge arresters with other specifications are available according to the customer s needs. Mass (Approx.) Outline Figure ) The wave shapes of switching surge and steep current impulse are as follows. - Switching surge current impulse: virtual front time greater than 30μs but less than 100μs - Steep current impulse: virtual front time of 1μs. 4) The following information is based on the surge arrester with creepage distance of 25 mm/kv_um. (Housing insulation, height, creepage distance, number of stacked units and mass.) 10 11

6. Typical Outline drawings (Line terminal and

standard (RVLQC--R--Y2, RVLQC----Y3) Ф15(4X) 44.5 44.

18 Line terminal (NEMA Type) and grounding terminal

14 High mechanical strength (RVLQC--H--Y3,

RVLQC--R--Y2, RVLQC----Y3 (Rotated machine protection,

mechanical strength, L-D class 3) M16X110(4X) 280 230

permissible Diameter = 22mm 230 280 RVLQB--H--Y4 (High

7 6. Typical Outline drawings (Line terminal and grounding terminals) 75 Rotated machine protection and standard (RVLQC--R--Y2, RVLQC----Y3) Ф15(4X) Ф9(4X) Note: Details of the part circle with red broken line in Fig. 19. Fig. 18 Line terminal (NEMA Type) and grounding terminal M16X100(3X) Ф 240 Fig. 13 Fig. 14 High mechanical strength (RVLQC--H--Y3, RVLQB--H--Y4) permissible Diameter = 22mm 120 RVLQC--R--Y2, RVLQC----Y3 (Rotated machine protection, Standard) M16X110(3X) Ф 240 RVLQC--H--Y3 (High mechanical strength, L-D class 3) M16X110(4X) permissible Diameter = 22mm 120 permissible Diameter = 22mm RVLQB--H--Y4 (High mechanical strength, L-D class 4) Fig. 19 Insulating sub-base Fig. 15 Fig. 16 Fig. 17 Note: Other types of line terminal and grounding terminal are available according to the customer s needs

SDC-N4 SDC-N4A SDC-N4C SDC-N4AC Ammeter -- Equipped -- Equipped Relay for alarm -- -- Equipped Equipped SDC-N4 SDC-N4A Performance Indication of counter Min.

8 7. Accessories The following special accessories can be supplied at the customer s request. l Surge counter l Relay box (Type: SDC-N3R) l Disconnecting switch for surge counter (Other accessories are also available ) l Leakage current measurement device (Portable) l Surge current recorder SDC-N4 SDC-N4A SDC-N4C SDC-N4AC Ammeter -- Equipped -- Equipped Relay for alarm Equipped Equipped SDC-N4 SDC-N4A Performance Indication of counter Min. operating current high current withstand Residual at 100kA(4/10us) Switching impulse current Ammeter scale 6 digit cyclometer at least 5 counts/sec. 30A (8/20us) 100kA (4/10us) 5kV peak 4000A - 2ms 0-5 ma rms (linear scale) 8. Maintenance TOSHIBA recommends that the following maintenance work be carefully performed. l Leakage current measurement l Insulating resistance measurement l Outer visual inspection The surge arrester could fail in case of sever lightning due to over duty, therefore maintenance should be done on a fine day. The measured value should be recorded for comparison

9 TOSHIBA ENERGY SYSTEMS & SOLUTIONS CORPORATION 72-34, Horikawa-cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki , Japan Tel: Phone: Fax: Website: The data in this catalog is subject to change without notice. (AH-G P) Published by and copyright 2009, TOSHIBA Corp G1

Energy Division. PCA Single Column Polymeric Surge Arrester

Energy Division. PCA Single Column Polymeric Surge Arrester Energy Division PCA Single Column Polymeric Surge Arrester Bowthorpe EMP pioneered the development of the polymeric composite housed surge arrester in the early 1980 s and since 1986 has a proven service