MST- A Renewable Energy Company

Transcription

1 MST- A Renewable Energy Company Setting The Stage For Energy Independence of Israel Presentation to the Energy Forum of the Neeman Institute for Advanced Research in Science and Technology Presented by: Dov Raviv dovraviv@rmst.co.il Website: Phone: Page 1

2 Well Known Facts Oil and natural gas are depleting and will be financially viable for the next years only. World fossil energy production and demand will mismatch in the following years creating a price increase as India and China become major players in the consumption side. Israel has no oil, and has a limited resource of natural gas (50 BCM according to the MNI). Israel has limited wind energy potential (~600MW). Israel s solar resource is abundant in terms of availability, power density yearly energy per msq. and available land. Page 2

3 Renewable Energy is The Only Solution The Renewable Energy is the only solution to the World Energy Crisis Solar Energy is the most viable solution where available Israel has the resources and the potential to become self sufficient by exploiting the solar resources in the Negev MST has developed the CPV (Concentrated Photo Voltaic) concept that can will become economically viable when produced in large quantities MST has presented this viability in numerous PV Conferences worldwide By building systematically the solar energy plant to a level of 45,000 MWp, Israel can reach 80% autonomy within 30 years This is the baseline plan that will solve Israel s energy crisis Page 3

4 Comparison Between Fossil and Solar $5/MBTU Gas Price Comparison done by MST between 2 fossil scenarios and a solar one proves solar financial superiority for the MNI Baseline scenario as well as for the 100% coal one. Interest on investment 5%, 30 yrs Savings by Solar (B$ 40 yrs) Scenario Investment cost B$ Fuel cost B$ Total cost B$ 100% coal $42.3 $31.7 $49.4 $123.5 $ % coal, Baseline $29.6 $22.2 $90.7 $142.5 $61.6 Solar project $74.3 $6.6 $0.0 $80.9 Page 4

5 Comparison Between Fossil and Solar $10/MBTU Gas Price Comparison for the Baseline Case between gas cost of $5/MBTU and $10/MBTU Scenario Investment cost B$ Interest on investment 5%, 30 yrs Fuel cost B$ Total cost B$ Scenario less Solar B$ (40 yrs) Scenario less Solar per year B$ Comparison Table for $5/MBTU Gas Cost 40% coal, 60% Gas $29.6 $22.2 $90.7 $142.5 $61.6 $1.54 Solar project $74.3 $6.6 $0.0 $80.9 Comparison Table for $10/MBTU Gas Cost 40% coal, 60% Gas $29.6 $22.2 $161.6 $213.4 $132.5 $3.31 Solar project $74.3 $6.6 $0.0 $80.9 Page 5

6 Going Solar The solar system : SAVES $61.6B over 40 yrs for a GAS average price of $5/MBTU or SAVES $132.5B over 40 yrs for a GAS average price of $10/MBTU, and Precludes dependency on Energy Suppliers Provides stability of Energy prices Can provide solution for Transportation Page 6

7 The Aim is not CPV but Total Solution In view of the facts and the consequences, we must conceive a solution that will solve the NATIONAL ENERGY PROBLEM Instead of dealing locally with the PV TECHNOLOGY ISSUES Page 7

8 Critical Subjects to be Supported The CPV solution is made out of 8 major conceptual disciplines that have to be cultivated in Israel: High efficiency high performance solar cells. Optical concentrators. Solar trackers. Heat dissipation. Power conversion-dc to AC. Developing the components and demonstrating a CPV plant Hot superconductor power lines Electrical storage. Renewable liquid fuel for transportation. Page 8

9 Solar Cells Effort Solar cells R&D excellence centers must be established in Israel with the aim to develop high efficiency solar cells as well as conducting basic research in the field. The following activities and knowledge has to be attained: Solar cells materials: III-V compound (GaAs, Ge, etc..) Solar cells. GaInN solar cells. Nanotechnology efficiency enhancement Low cost substrate identification and manufacturing. Setting up a production capacity and expertise (MOCVD). High volume high automation production facility. Page 9

10 Solar Cell Basic Research In terms of basic research the following major activities have to be taken: Advanced solar cells (IBSC, GaInP, Quantum DOT) III-V compound solar cell on Si substrate. New low cost suitable substrate materials. Multi-junctions solar cells (6+ junctions) design. Other. Page 10

11 Optical Concentrators Israel has to develop the capability to design and produce its own plastic (optical grade) concentrators. The following activities and knowledge has to be attained: Design, develop and produce high efficiency Fresnel lenses. Design, develop and produce high efficiency reflecting concentrators. AR coating for plastic. Dust removal/repulsion development. Page 11

12 Solar tracker industry Israel must have the capability to design and manufacture solar 2D trackers. The following activities in the field of tracker has to be achieved: Design and production of low area (10 to 20 msq) low cost trackers for private low power systems, 3 to 7 KWp. Design and production of an accurate (0.15 deg RMS) low cost high reliability tracker having an area of 100m² to 200m² for power of 25 or 50 KWp. Page 12

13 Power Conversion Israel has to have the capability to design and manufacture power conversion systems which transform the solar DC power to AC suitable for electric grid insertion. The following major activities in the field of power conversion must be achieved: Identifying suitable electrical inverter topologies. Design and production of low cost high efficiency inverter (<$50/KW, efficiency > 97%). Design and production of a low power home inverter (5-10 KW). Design and production of a plant size inverter (1-5 MW). Page 13

14 Superconductor Power Transmission Israel must have the capability to design and manufacture large power transmission systems based on the new hot superconductor systems. The following major activities in the field of power transmission should be performed: Designing short and long distance transmission lines for 10,000 MW. Producing a prototype of such transmission Page 14

15 Electrical Storage Israel must have the capability to design and manufacture electrical storage systems to support the solar plants. The following major activities in the field of electrical storage has to be achieved: R&D of low cost large capacity energy storage systems. VRB's Vanadium Redox batteries. New generation Vanadium Redox (Prof. Skyllas-Kazacos). PEM development for low cost production. Page 15

16 Renewable Fuels MST sees the needs of the transportation sector not in hydrogen but in the generation of liquid renewable fuels such as methanol (solar electricity and atmospheric CO2). The following activities must be achieved: Basic research. R&D of suitable electricity to renewable fuel converters. Page 16

17 Financing To fund all above proposed activities, infrastructure investments as well as continuous funding are required. The budget is estimated at about $100M annually. As this effort is aimed to continuously support the CPV technology developed and implemented by MST, the company will fund these activities in due time. In our long range planning we have allocated 5% of our income or $100M per year, whichever is lower, to fund these activities. In the first stage of the project we shall use existing components either bought from abroad or manufactured in Israel by MST. However in the long run, a scientific and R&D base must exist in Israel to support such Industry. Government support of MST to accelerate the establishment of such infrastructure is most welcome. Page 17

18 Appendix - Activities Task Area Solar cells Optical concentrators Trackers Activity Develop 2 nd generation Israeli multi-junction cell Develop low cost substrate for multi-junction solar cell Develop a suitable substrate for the InGaN alloy Develop a solar cell based on the InGaN alloy Develop techniques to reduce Ge substrate cost Develop 1 st generation Si cells based on quantum dot technology. Develop 1 st generation IB solar cell. Develop high efficiency high concentration plastic Fresnel lens Develop high efficiency high concentration mirror concentrator Develop AR coating for plastic Develop automatic dust removal device / technique Validate long term outdoor durability of plastic Fresnel lens Develop high capacity low cost optical concentrator production Develop low area low cost tracker for R&D Develop an accurate (0.15 deg RMS) low cost high reliability tracker having an area of 100m² to 200m² Develop a home size tracker (10 m² 20 m²) Page 18

19 Appendix - Activities Power conversion HTS grid Electrical storage Renewable fuels Page 19 Identify suitable electric topologies for solar inverter Develop home size (1KW-5KW) low cost (<$100/KW) high efficiency (>95%) inverter Develop plant size (1MW-5MW) low cost (<$50/KW) high efficiency (>97%) inverter Develop mass production capabilities, 5000 home inverters and 500 plant size inverters per year Develop HTS cable for energy transmission Develop HTS 10,000MW capacity transmission line Design a new electric grid based on HTS Develop HTS capacity for entire country grid line (main trunk + 3 regional trunks) Identify suitable energy carriers able to support MST electrical storage requirements Develop an electric storage system Develop the industrialization and cost reduction of the VRB storage batteries Develop 2 nd generation vanadium REDOX batteries Develop a low cost high durability PEM Asses new and emerging electric storage technologies Identify suitable liquid fuels to be synthesized Develop reverse action fuel cell for electricity fuel conversion