Big is Beautiful! Hydrogen Bus Infrastructure

Transcription

1 Big is Beautiful! Hydrogen Bus Infrastructure Markus Bachmeier Hamburg, October 17 th, /10/2013 1

2 Application areas for Hydrogen as fuel and Linde s experience Today s focus Personal Mobility Applications Public Transport Applications Fork Lift Applications Backup Power Applications Linde s experience > 50 stations delivered > fuellings > 10 stations delivered > fuellings > 10 stations delivered > fuellings > 10 units delivered Linde s experience Maritime Applications 2 stations delivered ferry and submarines Aviation Applications Supply of pilot projects Market studies H2 Based CHP private homes Market studies PEM-Micro Applications Market studies 29/10/2013 2

3 Content 1. The beauty of hydrogen buses 2. Today s situation 3. The way forward: large scale bus project first concepts 29/10/2013 3

4 Why we love hydrogen buses Hydrogen Passenger Cars Hydrogen Buses 100 stations for the first car customer heavy upfront infrastructure investment Hundreds of cars hundreds of customers necessity of flexible B2C business relations One station for 100 buses (back-to-base) infrastructure investment tailored to demand One customer one contract partner B2B business relationships, less complexity Stochastic usage H2 demand difficult to predict Planned and scheduled operations H2 demand predictable Runtime ~ hrs p.a. slow build-up of field experience H2 consumption ~ 150 kg p.a. / passenger car low utilization of infrastructure investment Runtime ~ hrs p.a. rapid build-up of field experience H2 consumption ~ kg p.a. / bus 1 high utilization of infrastructure investment 29/10/ Source: CHIC Project

5 Content 1. The beauty of hydrogen buses 2. Today s situation 3. The way forward: large scale bus project first concepts 29/10/2013 5

6 The total number of hydrogen buses in operation worldwide is around 20 Canada: Whistler ~ 19 USA: AC Transit, Hartford etc. ~ 38 EU: Oslo, London, Milan, etc. ~ 12 Asia: China, Japan, Korea = ~ 89 29/10/2013 6

7 But let s compare this to a couple of simple numbers The 50 largest bus network operators in Europe run buses and are produced by European manufacturers annually*. no surprise that H 2 buses are still four to six times as expensive as conventional ones production volume is needed to bring bus cost down larger H 2 bus fleets are needed to bring H 2 infrastructure cost down (per kg basis) current situation can be a threat but offers large opportunities as well 29/10/2013 * Source: UITP 7

8 As a result, we see many combined bus and passenger car stations Linde reference projects Key Learnings Hafencity, Hamburg Shell Sachsendamm, Berlin OMV, Stuttgart Technological maturity reached TOTAL/CEP, Berlin AC Transit, SFO Bay Bolzano, Italy High level of standardisation reached High performance fuelling already installed Key facts (cars, buses, FLTs) More than 80 hydrogen stations equipped in 15 countries More than 600,000 successful fuellings Leading supplier of hydrogen fuelling technologies Standardised, highperformance stations for buses necessary to achieve best economics 29/10/2013 8

9 Content 1. The beauty of hydrogen buses 2. Today s situation 3. The way forward: large scale bus project first concepts 29/10/2013 9

10 High performance fuelling technology already exists: CEP/Shell Sachsendamm, Berlin Accessibility: Public Start of operation: Q2/2011 Dispensing lines: 1 x 700 bar car 1 x 350 bar car 1 x 350 bar bus Performance: 2 x 100 kg/hr MUC, Tokyo350bar, Ariake, Dry 350bar, Runner Cryo Compressor Technology: Cryo Pump H2 source: LH2 storage tank Customer: Shell 29/10/

11 A bus station for 30 buses will be really small General Assumptions: - Refueling period: 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. - Amount per bus: 25 kg/day - Refueling time: 15 min max. - CP capacity: 100 kg/h HRS for 30 buses Capacity 750 kg/d Footprint ~ 200 m² = 36 ft ~ ft² Length Width 19 m / 62 ft 11 m / 36 ft Cryopumps 4 Dispensers 2 = 62 ft Supply Storage LH2 ~ kg 3 days Note: actual footprint depending on detail engineering and additional safety considerations 29/10/

12 60 buses: Only 60% more space required = 49 ft General Assumptions: - Refueling period: 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. - Amount per bus: 25 kg/day - Refueling time: 15 min max. - CP capacity: 100 kg/h HRS for 60 buses Capacity kg/d Footprint ~ 320 m² ~ ft² Length Width 21 m / 69 ft 15 m / 49 ft Cryopumps 6 Dispensers 3 = 68 ft Supply Storage LH2 ~ kg 3 days Note: actual footprint depending on detail engineering and additional safety considerations 29/10/

13 120 buses are served on 530 m² / ft² of space = 82 ft General Assumptions: - Refueling period: 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. - Amount per bus: 25 kg/day - Refueling time: 15 min max. - CP capacity: 100 kg/h HRS for 120 buses Capacity kg/d Footprint ~ 530 m² ~ ft² Length Width 21 m / 69 ft 25 m / 82 ft Cryopumps 10 = 69 ft Dispensers 6 Supply LH2 Storage ~ kg 2.5 days Note: actual footprint depending on detail engineering and additional safety considerations 29/10/

14 Summary Big is beautiful and cost efficient The technology for large scale fuelling already exists Large bus fleets offer potential for infrastructure cost reduction Five depots with 60 buses each are much better than 60 depots with five buses each 29/10/