Aspects of cross-border train operations. Chris Mineur

Transcription

1 Sintropher Workshop, Blackpool, 23 September 2010 Chris Mineur

2 Cross-border services Cross-border aspect causes differences with services in either country complications This makes them more expensive and more difficult to start, operate, finance, extend, Relevant for Nijmegen - Kleve In this presentation: Overview of cross-border aspects Examples: Enschede Gronau, Nijmegen Kleve 2

3 Cross-border services to/from the Netherlands 3

4 Developments Cross-border lines mostly have higher traffic volumes Lines with lower potential were forgotten: lower frequencies, higher ticket prices, longer travel times Recent revival due to demographic, economic and technical stimulants leads to increased market potential EU regulation to improve interoperability: short term effect undetermined Funds available This has and will increase the demand for cross-border train services. Reactivation of closed lines, improvement existing lines 4

5 Aspects of cross-border train services 1. EU and national regulations 2. Driver certification 3. Ticketing 4. Timetabling 5

6 EU and national regulations National regulations and requirements: Differ and may be contradictory That leads to higher costs for vehicle, infrastructure, operations, personnel, EU regulation Directives: aim to promote market opening, improve performance of rail freight, create incentives for product innovation and service quality, improve the interoperability and safety of national networks Interoperability specifications 6

7 Interoperability regulations (TSI) TSI (Technical Specifications of Interoperability): Specifications of a technical (sub)system of essential requirements to ensure the interoperability of the trans-european high speed and conventional rail systems. High-speed rail system Infrastructure INS Energy ENE Control Command and Signalling CCS Rolling Stock RST Operation OPE Maintenance MAI Conventional rail system Control Command and Signalling CCS Rolling Stock - Noise NOI Rolling Stock - Freight Wagons WAG Traffic-Operation and Management OPE Telematic Applications for Freight Subsystems TAF High Speed + Conventional Persons with Reduced Mobility PRM Safety in Railway Tunnels 7

8 TSI Rolling Stock Lights to carry front and rear (number, colour, background, position, intensity, size) Couplings Doors Axle load Passenger step Track interaction and gauging Vehicle dimensions Brake system requirements Passenger information and alarm Emitted noise Fire safety Pantograph (dimensions, contact force, arrangement, insulation, lowering and raising, quality of current collection, ) Toilets Sockets (water, power, fuel) Vehicle identification and documents Etc 8

9 TSIs for Nijmegen - Kleve Countries have the possibility to restrict/exclude TSIs for light rail applications Train: TSIs are applicable Tramtrain and tram: not Advantage or disadvantage? 9

10 Driver certification Driver should know the infrastructure and procedures on its route, but foreign drivers may have less experience Safety aspect: driver crosses border into Netherlands and doesn t understand safety message in Dutch. Limits the complexity designed into infrastructure (switches, signals). Not necessarily bad EU directive for cross-border acceptance of driver certificates Objectives: to free up the train driver market, increase their mobility, improve rail safety (human factors), aid interoperability Planning: Operational in 2011 for cross-border drivers Operational in 2018 for all drivers 10

11 Ticketing Ticket price surcharge, sometimes substantial Fewer points of sale Different hardware Increased costs, less user-friendly for operators and passengers For Nijmegen-Kleve: Integrated ticketing system? 11

12 Timetabling Timetable must fit into traffic and timetable patterns of two countries. Timetables incompatible: Symmetry in NL :17 and :47, in B and D :00 and :30, means longer travel times Low frequencies (1 train/hour): usually no problem Higher frequencies: problem? Nijmegen Kleve: Less influence if operated as a stand-alone system or extension of existing network. 12

13 Case study: Enschede - Gronau Length: 9 km (6 km in NL, 3 km in D) Starting in 1950, number of trains decreased. From train/day. Freight traffic stopped 1979, passenger traffic Reactivated in 2001 Number of passengers/day increased: Before reactivation in 2001: : : :

14 Case study: Enschede - Gronau Not connected to Dutch network in Enschede In effect a German line, built according to German standards and with German systems Territoriality: Dutch part is Dutch responsibility, German part is German responsibility Practical agreements on traffic control, maintenance, operations 14