Evaluation of Corn Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles (DDGS) as a Potential Alternative Ingredient for Shrimp Feeds

Transcription

1 Evaluation of Corn Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles (DDGS) as a Potential Alternative Ingredient for Shrimp Feeds Biofuels Co-Products Workshop Waimanalo, Hawaii December 1-2, 2011 Addison L. Lawrence, Susmita Patnaik, Benjamart Pratoomthai, Kip Karges Texas AgriLife Research Mariculture Laboratory Texas A&M System, 1300 Port Street, Port Aransas, Texas POET Nutrition, 4506 N. Lewis Ave, Sioux Falls, South Dakota Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

2 From Texas A&M University HOWDY!!!!!!!!! Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

3 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

4 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2

5 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 Alternative Feed Ingredient Program Grain ingredients (e.g. dehulled defatted soybean meal, canola, lupin, pea meals, etc.) Grain concentrates (e.g. soybean concentrate, wheat gluten, corn gluten, etc.) Animal meals (e.g. poultry by-products, blood meal, meat and bone meal) Dried distiller grain with solubles (DDGS) byproduct from brewery and biofuel industries Biofloc from aquaculture waste made by SBR s and MBR s Seafood processing by-products co-extruded with grain ingredients (e.g. soybean meal) Algae co-products (defatted algae)

6 Distiller s Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) is a coproduct produced in dry grind ethanol plants along with ethanol and carbon dioxide Global production of ethanol as car fuel and Co-products have increased rapidly in U.S. DDGS production is >33 million tons in 2010 U.S. Distillers Grain production Ton (million) Year Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

7 Fish and Soybean Meals Prices Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

8 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential of using Corn Dried Distiller s Grain with Soluble (DDGS) as a potential alternative ingredient in feeds for the Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei DDGS type based on processing method 1. Standard 2. Dakota Gold BPX 3. Dakota Gold HP Experimental approach: replacement of soybean isolated protein with DDGS on a protein bases

9 METHODS Recirculating indoor system (52.4 turns/tk/day) with 148%/day new filtered (0.5μ) sea water from Corpus Christi ship channel 0.1 m 2 tanks, 20 cm water depth Salinity: ppt Temperature: 30+1 o C Fed to slightly above satiation 15 times/day 60 shrimp/m 2 (300/m 3 ) Initial stocking size: gms Randomized block design Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

10 METHODS Trial duration: 42 days Mash cold extruded at through dye on 3 mm meat chopper Feed crumbled to approximately 2.5 to 3.0 mm diameter Feed dried to 8% moisture Initial density: 60/m 2 or 300/m 2 All water quality parameters within desired range and not limiting Uneaten molts, feces, feed removed daily Statistics: one way ANOVA, post-hoc Turkey s HSD Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

11 Diet Formulation (g/100g) Name Base Standard Gold BPX Gold HP Ca Carbonate Cellulose Standard GGS 25.0 Dakota Gold BPX 25.0 Dakota Gold HP 25.0 Diatomaceious Earth KCl MgO NaCl Oil, Soybean CaHPO Soybean 90% Wheat Starch All diets contained 0.5% vitamin/mineral premix, 1% NaHexametaPO 4, 2% alginate, 5% poultry by-product, 15% menhaden fish meal, 0.1% L- methionine, 0.4% menhaden fish oil, 2.4% phospholipid, 6% squid meal, 0.2% cholesterol, 1% chromic oxide Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

12 Determined Nutrient Profile of Diets with Standard DDGS Nutrient Base Standard DDGS diets (%) Dry Wt Bases Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein(%) Crude Fat (%) Crude Fiber (%) Ash (%) Phosphorus (%) Potassium (%) Magnesium (%) Calcium (%) Sodium (%) Iron (ppm) Manganese (ppm) Copper (ppm) Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, Zinc (ppm) December, , 2011

13 Determined Nutrient Profile of diets with Dakota Gold BPX Nutrient Base Dakota Gold BPX Diets (%) (dry wt basis) Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Crude Fiber (%) Ash (%) Phosphorus (%) Potassium (%) Magnesium (%) Calcium (%) Sodium (%) Iron (ppm) Manganese (ppm) Copper (ppm) Zinc (ppm)

14 Determined Nutrient Profile of diets with Dakota Gold HP Nutrient Dakota Gold HP Diets (%) (dry wt basis) Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Crude Fiber (%) Ash (%) Phosphorus (%) Potassium (%) Magnesium (%) Calcium (%) Sodium (%) Iron (ppm) Manganese (ppm) Copper (ppm) Zinc (ppm)

15 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 Determined Essential Amino Acid Profile for Diets (values in % on an as fed bases) Amino Base Standard DDGS diets Dakota Gold BPX Diets Dakota Gold HP Diets Acid Arginine Cystine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine Tyrosine Tryptophan Valine

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17 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 Title Content

18 Survival, Final Weight, Growth Rate, Weight Gain and FCR of Litopenaeus vannamei in a 42-day trial (initial weight: ) DDGS Survival Final Wt Gth Rate Wt Gain Diet Level (%) (g) (g/wk) (%) FCR Base 0 91 a 8.8 a 1.42 a a Standard DDGS a 9.3 a 1.49 a b Standard DDGS a 9.5 a 1.53 a b Standard DDGS a 9.6 a 1.54 a b Standard DDGS a 9.8 a 1.58 a b Standard DDGS a 9.6 a 1.55 a b Dakota Gold BPX 5 97 a 9.1 a 1.46 a b Dakota Gold BPX a 10.0 a 1.60 a b Dakota Gold BPX a 10.0 a 1.62 a b Dakota Gold BPX a 10.4 a 1.68 a b Dakota Gold BPX a 9.9 a 1.61 a b Dakota Gold HP a 9.1 a 1.46 a b Dakota Gold HP a 9.3 a 1.50 a b Dakota Gold HP a 9.9 a 1.59 a b Dakota Gold HP a 10.2 a 1.65 a b Dakota Gold HP a 9.6 a 1.54 a b Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 Control a 12.3 b 2.00 b c

19 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 SUMMARY All DDGS diets performed the same or better in terms of shrimp growth and survival when compared with the diet without DDGS. FCR s for all diets containing DDGS lower than the FCR for diet not containing DDGS. All FCR s ranging from 1.62 to 1.87 for the DDGS diets is indicative of feeding slightly above satiation for the conditions of experiment. As high as 20 to 25% of POET DDGS can be included in the shrimp diets if soybean meal is replaced for the conditions of this trial.

20 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 SUMMARY Equal or greater growth of shrimp fed DDGS diets are not due to crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, total ash, total ash, P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and essential fatty acids and amino acids. But could be due to unknown growth factors such as dipeptides, oligopeptides, prebiotics, nucleotides, chemoattractants, etc. Similarity to BIOFLOC???????????? Research using higher inclusion levels of DDGS in shrimp diets is justified.

21 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011 Acknowledgements Special thanks to POET, Sioux Falls, SD for providing the DDGS and partial funding for this project. This research was funded in part by a grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Marine Shrimp Farming Program USDA/CSREES Grant No , Texas AgriLife Research Mariculture Laboratory at Port Aransas, Hatch Project R-9005, Texas A&M System. Shrimp Improvement Systems, Islamorada, FL for shrimp post larvae Employees and students of Texas AgriLife Research, Shrimp Mariculture Lab, Texas A&M University System.

22 From Texas A&M University Thank You!!!!! Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011

23 Biofuels Co-Products Workshop, Waimanalo, Hawaii, December, 1-2, 2011