SOYBEANS DEMO PLATFORM DONAU SOJA. organized at ET PRIS BORISLAV GORANOV

Transcription

1 SOYBEANS DEMO PLATFORM DONAU SOJA organized at ET PRIS BORISLAV GORANOV BULGARIA 2015

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3 The Donau Soja demo platform organized at ET PRIS- Borislav Goranov had a total acreage of 7,4 Ha. The following experiences had been carried out in the demo platform: 1. Collection display of 41 soybean varieties from different maturity groups 2. Time of Sowing 3. Seeding Densities 4. Weed Control CLIMATE Data on temperature and rainfall recorded at Knezha in 2015 are presented in Table 1. Table 1 Temperature and rainfall at Knezha a during the 1 st of January and the 31 th of August 2015 Air Average Temperature 2015 ( C) Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Decade I Decade II Decade III Monthly Average Average of 55 years Deviation Characterization warm warm warm normal warm normal warm warm Rainfall 2015 (mm) Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Decade I Decade II Decade III Monthly Sum Average of 55 years Deviation Characterization dry excessively rainy very dry dry very rainy excessively rainy very dry normal Data Source: Meteorological Station Knezha ( , ; altitude 150 m) LAND PREPARATION Autumn plowing Fertilization with complex fertilizer EUROTIM PLUS MPPA NPK % SO % Zn kg/ha on April 1 st, 2015; Pre-emergent weed control with Spektrum at 1.4 l/ha Seedbed preparation with combinator 2

4 COLLECTION DISPLAY OF 41 SOYBEAN VARIETIES The 41 soybean varieties observed in this experience were the following: VARIETY MATURITY GROUP BREEDER/ MAINTAINER 1 AVIGEA І 2 SREBRINA ІІ 3 RICHY ІІ OSS PAVLIKENI 4 ROSA ІІ 5 MERKURY 00 6 GALINA 0 7 ZORA 0 8 RUBIN І 9 NEOPLANTA І NS SEME 10 BALKAN І 11 TRIUMPH ІІ 12 VENERA ІІ 13 VIDRA DUKAT 0 DELTA AGRAR 15 BISER 0 16 NOVA ІІІ MAY AGRO 17 OANA F DACIANA 0 NARDI FUNDULEA 19 TRIUMF І 20 PERLA ONIX FELIX DARINA TD 00 ARDS TURDA 24 MALINA TD LARISA TD CARO MENTOR GLADIATOR 0 29 SPONSOR I EURALIS 30 ISIDOR І 31 JOSEFINE CHRISTINE SB HERMINE 00 RAIFFEISEN WARE 34 SB GL XENIA EMA 0 37 SANDA 0 INSTITUTE OSIJEK 38 IKA I 39 VIGO І ITC 40 ATLANTA ANNUSHKA 0000 EUROSIVO 3

5 The parameters of the comparison plot are the following: Distance between rows: 70 cm Band width per variety: 2.8 m Plot width: m Plot length: 180 m Acreage per variety: 504 m 2 Total acreage: m 2 Inoculum: Poliriz S (Transapicola) Seeding of varieties was performed on April 18th, 2015 with a pneumatic drill MATERMACC 5,6. Due to favorable conditions both in terms of humidity and temperature, the crop development was explosive, taking place during a single day, namely on April 25th, The beginning of flowering took place during the interval 28 th of May for the very early varieties and the 6 th of June for the most varieties of maturity group I. The soybean height varied between 56 cm for SB GL and Mentor varieties and cm for Nova, Triumf, Venera and Ika varieties. Generally, the smallest height was noticed in the earliest varieties. The insertion height of the first basal pod oscillated between 3 cm for Perla and Oana F variety and 116 cm for variety Ika and Nova. The growing period was between 102 days for Annushka variety, days for varieties of maturity group 00 and 0 and 145 days for varieties of maturity group IІ; 160 days for Nova maturity group ІІІ. The highest yields were recorded for following soybean varieties: Balkan (2314 kg/ha), Daciana (2255 kg/ha), Triumph (2247 kg/ha) and Isidor (2244 kg/ha). TGW of more than 170 grams has been recorded in 5 out of the 41 tested genotypes, of which stands out in particular the varieties Isidor (195 gr.), Mentor (178 gr.) and Balkan (177 gr.). 4

6 Data on the behavior of tested soybean varieties under climate conditions in Knezha in 2015 are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Results obtained in 2015 on comparison between 41 soybean varieties at ET PRIS Knezha 2015 Variety Date of beginning flowering of plant Insertion Growing period (days) End of maturity Production (kg/ha) TGW (gr) 1 AVIGEA 02 June / SREBRINA 02 June / RICHY 02 June / ROSA 06 June / MERKURY 28 May / GALINA 02 June / ZORA 02 June / RUBIN 02 June / NEOPLANTA 06 June / BALKAN 04 June / TRIUMF 06 June / VENERA 06 June / VIDRA 30 May / DUKAT 02 June / BISER 02 June / NOVA 10 June / OANA F 30 May / DACIANA 30 May / TRIUMF 02 June / PERLA 28 May / ONIX 30 May / FELIX 30 May / DARINA TD 02 June / MALINA TD 02 June / LARISA TD 02 June / CARO 02 June / MENTOR 28 May / GLADIATOR 30 May / SPONSOR 02 June / ISIDOR 02 June / JOSEFINE 06 June / CHRISTINE 03 June / SB HERMINE 03 June / SB GL June / XENIA 02 June / EMA 30 May / VIGO 02 June / IKA 06 June / SANDA 02 June / ATLANTA 16 June / ANUCHKA 10 June /

7 TIME OF SOWING In the Time of Sowing experience, the following seeding plot has been established: 1. Time of Sowing I - early seeding 2. Time of Sowing II - seeding during optimal period 3. Time of Sowing III - late seeding The parameters of the seeding period plot are the following: Distance between rows: 70 cm Soy varieties: Srebrina (ІІ) OSS Pavlikeni; Galina (0) NS SEME No. of variants: 6 Band width per sowing date per variety: m Plot width: m Plot length: 180 m Acreage per time of sowing plot: 4032 m 2 Total acreage: m 2 Inoculum: Poliriz S (Transapicola) For Time of Sowing I the climate conditions allowed seeding on the 2 st of April, while for the other two periods, 18 of April for Time of Sowing II, respectively the 30 th of April for Time of Sowing III. Soil water reserves rather low and especially low temperatures particularly during the night caused an uneven and late emergence for Time of Sowing I, both in Srebrina and Galina varieties. In contrast, for Time of Sowing II, the favorable temperature combined with the sufficient moisture determined an explosive and uniform emergence of both soybean varieties. The results obtained from the Time of Sowing experience with seeding periods under climate conditions of 2015 in ET PRIS Knezha are presented in Table 3. Table 3 Results obtained in the 3 seeding periods at ET PRIS Knezha in 2015 Time of Sowing Variety Date of Emergence Plant Insertion Growing Period (days) Production (kg/ha) TGW (gr) 1 I 2 II 3 III SREBRINA 12 April /25 Aug GALINA 12 April /19 Aug SREBRINA 28 April /04 Sep GALINA 28 April /25 Aug SREBRINA 07 June /12 Sep GALINA 07 June /07 Sep

8 SEEDING DENSITIES The Seeding Densities experience was sown on April 18 th, 2015 with a pneumatic drill MATERMACC 5,6 at 70 cm and 2*35 cm distance between rows. Three densities were achieved: germinating grains/m germinating grains/m germinating grains/m 2 The parameters of the seeding densities plot are the following: Soy varieties: Srebrina (ІІ), OSS Pavlikeni; Galina (0), NS SEME No. of variants: 6 Band width per density experience: 8*0.70=5.60 m 8*0.35=2.80 m 8*0.35=2.80 m Plot width: 1*11.20 m + 2*5.60 m = m Plot length: 180 m Acreage per density experience: 1*2016 m 2 + 2*1008 Total acreage: 4032 m 2 Inoculum: Poliriz S (Transapicola) The results obtained in the experience of seeding densities are presented in Table 4. Srebrina variety shown the highest height, in all 3 densities the variation limits being very close (102 cm cm). For Galina variety, both at density of 30 germinating grains/m 2 and at density of 35 germinating grains/m 2 the average values of plants height were practically equal. The average insertion height of the first basal pod was at all three densities, showing values ranking from 6 to 9 cm. Under the climate conditions of 2015, Srebrina variety responded best to the density of 45 germinating grains/m 2 with an increased yield of 9.5 % compared to Galina variety. At the density of 30 germinating grains/m 2 the reaction of varieties was very close, with a slight superiority (9.6%) for Srebrina variety. For density of 35 germinating grains/m 2, Srebrina variety was superior in terms of production compared to Galina variety by 9.4 %. 7

9 Table 4 Results obtained on 3 densities at ET PRIS Knezha 2015 Density Variety Plant Insertion Production TGW (g.g/m 2 ) (kg/ha) (gr) SREBRINA GALINA SREBRINA GALINA SREBRINA GALINA

10 WEED CONTROL Seeding of Weed Control experience was completed on April 19 th, 2015 with spindle drill HARDI RANGER EAGLE. The parameters of the weed control plot are the following: Distance between rows: 70 cm Soy variety: Srebrina (ІІ), OSS Pavlikeni Band width per herbicide variant: 21 m Plot width: 21 m Plot length: 180 m Acreage per herbicide variant: 3780 m 2 Total acreage: m 2 Inoculum: Poliriz S (Transapicola) Within the experience 4 variants of controlling the weeds were conducted with pre and postemerging herbicides as follows: Variant # 1 Pre-emergent: Spektrum (dimetenamid P 720 g/l) 1.4 l/ha BASF applied on April 19 th, 2015 Post-emergent: Corum (bentazon 480 g/l + imazamox 22,4 g/l) 1.9 l/ha + adjuvant Dash BASF applied on May 21 st ; Stratos Ultra (cicloksidim + tenzit 100 g/l) 2.0 l/ha BASF applied on May 22 nd, 2015 Variant # 2 Pre-emergent: Stomp New 330 EK (pendimetalin 330 g/l) 4.0 l/ha BASF applied on April 19 th, 2015; Post-emergent: Basagran 480 SL (bentazon 480 g/l) l/ha BASF applied on May 19 th, 2015; Stratos Ultra (cicloksidim + tenzit 100g/l) 2.0 l/ha BASF applied on May 22 nd, 2015 Variant # 3 Pre-emergent: Afalon 45 SK (linuron 450 g/l) 3.0 l/ha, ppi ADAMA and Pendigan 330 EK (pendimetalin 330 g/l) 3.0 l/ha, ADAMA applied on April 19 th, 2015 Post-emergent: Agil 100 EK (propaqizafop 100 g/l) 0.8 l/ha ADAMA applied on May 22 nd, 2015 Variant # 4 Pre-emergent: Pendigan 330 EK (pendimetalin 330 g/l) 3.0 l/ha ADAMA applied on April 19 th, 2015 Post-emergent: Leopard 5 EK (qizalofop-іі etil 50 g/l) 1.5 l/ha ADAMA applied on May 22 nd, 2015 Pre-emergent herbicides were performed on April 19 th, 2015 in all 4 variants of weed control. Post-emergent application of Basagran 480 SL was performed on May 19 th, 2015; all other postemergent herbicides were sprayed on May 22 th, Under the climate conditions of 2015 all 4 variants of pre and post-emergent herbicides had a good efficacy in controlling the weeds existing in the respective plot. 9

11 Pictures from the planting, spraying and early stages of the demo platform can be found at the following link: Pictures with different soybean varieties can be found at the following link: Pictures and videos from the demo platform field day can be found at the following link: Dragos Dima Regional Director Romania, Bulgaria, Rep. Moldova Donau Soja/Danube Soya Str. Frumoasa 50, Ap. 7, Sector 1, Bucuresti, Romania Mobile: dima@donausoja.org Danube Soya Facebook Danube Soya YouTube Danube Soya LinkedIn 10