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1 DATA SHEETS FOR VEHICLE FUELS AND EMISSIONS COUNTRY ASSESSMENT UNDER PROJECTS: CAPACITY BUILDING FOR IMPROVEMENT OF VEHICLE FUEL QUALITY IN THE SEE COUNTRIES AND ADDRESSING CLEAN FUEL AND VEHICLES ISSUES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE AND TURKEY Project Goal: The project aims at supporting the development of local capacity for elaboration and implementation of strategies and programmes for improvement of vehicle fuel quality and abatement of air pollution from vehicle transport. Objectives of the Assessment: To present the current state of vehicle fuel quality and emissions in the countries of the region, to develop on this basis comparative material, which will enable decision-makers and experts to discuss problems and necessities and define possible solutions at a meeting in the fall of The questionnaire comprises of 5 main chapters: 1. Personal Information 2. Country Specific Data 3. Air Quality 4. Fuel Quality 5. Vehicle Emissions Please read the following instructions before filling in the questionnaire! 1. Additional information is provided to help completion of tables. Please read it carefully before filling in data. 2. Gray table cells are not to be filled in. 3. There are several text box types: a) "Steps towards EU approximation" require information related to consideration and development of new legislation, which will ensure full transposition of EU legislation. b) "Technical assistance for EU approximation" requires information related to Phare, bilateral, twinning, etc. projects. Please specify project title, time period, donors and implementing institutions. 4. We propose to use 2003 as a reporting year. If data for 2003 is not yet publicized, and the available information is for a previous year, please insert this information pointing the particular year in the relevant cell or giving the year in a footmark. 5. Many question sets follow the formats for reporting required by EU Directives. You may not find available all required data. Please, fill in the available data: a) If there are data gaps, insert N/A in the respective table cell; b) If such data is not measured, monitored or reported in your country, insert N/R in the respective table cell; c) Please, use the text boxes to present any useful information, which is not covered by the tables or which needs additional description. 1. Personal Information* Reporting year** 1

2 Country Czech Republic Date report completed June 2005 Institution responsible for report Děti Země - Klub za udržitelnou dopravu (Children of the Earth Club for Sustainable Transport) Address of institution Cejl 48/50, Brno, Czech Republic Position/Person responsible for report Miroslav Patrik and Miroslav Hustak Telephone No address or Fax No dz.brno@ecn.cz, Fax *According to the common format for submission of summary of national fuel quality data (Directive 98/70/EC) **In this case data may not refer to one reporting year only 2. Country Specific Data (reporting year)* Area (km 2 ) 78,866 Population (million).211 GDP ($ per capita) 248,000 Czech Crowns per capita = 16,074 per capita in purchasing power parity = 8,858 $ per capita Total consumption of crude oil (in barrels)** Percentage sulphur content of crude oil Energy consumption by transport (tones of oil equivalent) 4,600,000 *Please verify the data and correct if necessary **Reporting data under Council Regulation 2964/95 3. Air Quality 40,215,000 barrels (5,275,000 tonnes) 0.35 Table 3.1 Institutional framework of air quality legislation Institution name Departments Personnel* Legal acts Responsibility Ministry of Environment Dept. of Air Protection Mr. Jan Kužel Elaboration of air quality legislation proposals Czech Government and Parliament for an approval. *Only staff directly engaged in air pollution issues Text Box 3.1 Steps towards EU approximation: air quality legislation Problems: There are no problems. Steps: N/R Source: (institution)..(department) 2

3 Text Box 3.2 Received technical assistance for EU approximation: air quality legislation Reinforcement of IPCC implementation. Responsible: MoE, Dept. Of Strategies, Mr. Jiri Bendl. Financial support: 0,55 M. Equipment for the Monitoring of Air Pollutants. Responsible: Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Mr. Jaroslav Santroch. Financial support: 4 M :. Institutions for Permitting and Monitoring in the Air Quality Sector Environment.. Responsible: MoE, Dept. Of Air Protection, Financial support: 1,7 M :. Source: (institution)..(department) Table 3.2 Air quality legislation EU legislation Air quality Old Directives*: 80/779/EEC (SO 2,PM) 82/884/EEC (Pb) 85/203/EEC (NO x) 92/72/EEC (Ozone) 93/389/EEC (GHG) Air Quality Framework Directive 96/62/EC 97/1/EC (Information exchange) Daughter Directives: 1999/30/EC (NO x, SO 2, Pb and PM ) 2000/69/EC (Benzene, CO) 2002/3/EC (Ozone) Fourth Daughter Directive (Proposal for As, Cd, Hg, Ni, PAH) National legislation Correspondence to EU legislation** Law No. 86/2002 on air protection. Government Regulation No. 350/2002 on emission limits Full transposition EU legislation Emissions into air 94/63/EC (VOCs from petrol) 1999/13/EC (VOCs from solvents) 1999/32/EC (Sulphur content in liquid fuels) National legislation 3 Correspondence to EU legislation** Government Regulation No. 351/2002 on emission targets Government Regulation No /2002 on stationary source emission Full transposition

4 Government Regulation No. 354/2002 on waste burning MoE Regulation No. 355/2002. on VOC emission limits. MoE Regulation No. 357/2002 on fuel quality from the viewpoint of air protection MoE Regulation No. 358/2002 on the protection of the ozone layer. Law No. 56/2001 on road traffic conditions MoT Regulation No. 302/2003 on vehicle inspections and emission measurement * Repealed by Directive 96/62/EC and its daughter directives **Full transposition/partial transposition/no transposition Abbreviations used for this questionnaire: MoE = the Czech Ministry of the Environment, MoT = the Czech Ministry of Transport Table 3.3 Primary air pollutant criteria standards Pollutant standard EU National Target (*) Deadline Target (*) Deadline Carbon monoxide (CO)! 8-hour average mg/m mg/m Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2)! 1-hour mean! Annual arithmetic mean 200 mg/m 3 (18) 40 mg/m mg/m 3 (18) 40 mg/m Nitrogen oxide (NO x)! Annual arithmetic mean 30 µg/m µg/m Ozone (O 3)! 1-hour mean! 8-hour mean Particulate (PM )! 24-hour average! Annual arithmetic mean Sulfur dioxide (SO 2)! Annual arithmetic mean! 24-hour average! 1-hour average 180 µg/m µg/m 3 (25) 50 µg/m 3 (35) 40 µg/m 3 20 µg/m µg/m 3 (3) 350 µg/m 3 (24) µg/m 3 (25) 120 µg/m 3 (25) 50 µg/m 3 (35) 40 µg/m 3 50 µg/m µg/m 3 (3) 350 µg/m 3 (24)

5 Benzene! Annual arithmetic mean! Annual arithmetic mean 5 µg/m 3 4 µg/m µg/m3 5 µg/m Lead! Annual arithmetic mean 0.5 µg/m µg/m *Allowed number of accidence episodes per year Table 3.4 Annual emissions of pollutants* in ambient air (2003**) Source SO 2 CO 2 PM NO 2 NO x VOC CH 4 NH 3 CO Hg Cd Pb PAH Dioxins and [ktons] [ktons] [ktons] [ktons] [ktons] [ktons] [ktons] [ktons] [ktons] [tons] [tons] [tons] [tons] furans [g] Road transport N/A ,6 2,0 230 N/A N/A N/A of total 0.88, N/A N/A N/A N/A Total*** (2002) 76.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A *The table includes pollutant measurements according to the requirements of EU legislation. In some countries, pollutants such as PM, NO 2, NO x, etc. are measured in other forms (TSP, Total N). Please specify details on your measurements, if they differ. **If data for 2003 is not available, insert older data and indicate the year ***Anthropogenic emissions only Fuel Quality Table 4.1 Institutional framework of fuel quality control Institution name Institution type* Responsibility Frequency of fuel testing Number of authorized testing labs Ministry of Industry and Government Implementation of EU legislature Trade Czech Inspection Authority Government Quality Control Inspection Continuously (under the Ministry of 5 during a year Industry and Trade) *Government; Research/Academic; Private company; NGO; accredited laboratories according the ISO Text Box 4.1 Steps towards EU approximation: Fuel quality control Problems: There are no problems. Steps: N/R Source: (institution)..(department)

6 Text Box 4.2 Technical assistance for EU approximation: Fuel quality control No technical assistance. Source: (institution)..(department) Table 4.2 Fuel quality legislation EU legislation National legislation Correspondence to EU legislation* Council Regulation No 2964/95 (registration of crude oil imports and deliveries) 98/70/EC (quality of petrol and diesel fuels) 2003/17/EC (amending 98/70/EC) *Full transposition/partial transposition/no transposition Ministry of Industry and Trade Regulation No. 229/2004 on fuel quality. 6 Corresponding to EC Directive 98/70 Table Market fuels used in vehicles with spark ignition engines (Petrol Special BA 91 = 223 samples and Petrol Normal BA 91 = 46 samples)*: Year 2004 Limiting value PETROL 91 Analytical and statistical results 2004 According to 98/70/EC Parameter Unit Number of samples Taken where Min. Max. Mean Standard deviation National specification, if any (from 2004) Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Research octane No Motor octane No Vapour pressure, DVPE kpa Distillation: - Evaporated at 0ûC - Evaporated at 150ûC Hydrocarbon analysis: - Olefins - Aromatics - Benzene Oxygen content

7 Oxygenates: - Methanol - Ethanol - Iso-propyl alcohol - Tert-butyl alcohol - Iso-butyl alcohol - Ethers with five or more carbon atoms per molecule - Other oxygenates , Sulphur content mg/kg 269 < Lead content g/l 269 <05 <05 < *According to the common format for submission of summary of national fuel quality data (Directive 98/70/EC) Note: Detailed petrol quality checking has been undertaken under the law No. 229/2004 since May 1, 2005 after the accession of the Czech Republic into the EU. Detauiled data on petrol quality before 2004 are not available (according to the Ministry of Industry and Trade). The number of petrol samples in 2004 was 780, of which petrol 91 octane - 269, petrol 95 octane - 492, petrol 98 octane - 19). 6.3 of the samples were of unsatisfactory quality. Table Market fuels used in vehicles with spark ignition engines (Petrol Super BA 95 = 492 samples)*: Year 2004 Limiting value PETROL 95 Analytical and statistical results 2004 Parameter Unit Number of samples Taken where Min. Max. Mean Standard deviation National specification, if any (from 2004) According to 98/70/EC Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Research octane No Motor octane No Vapour pressure, DVPE kpa

8 Distillation: - Evaporated at 0ûC - Evaporated at 150ûC Hydrocarbon analysis: - Olefins - Aromatics - Benzene Oxygen content Oxygenates: Methanol Ethanol Iso-propyl alcohol - Tert-butyl alcohol Iso-butyl alcohol ,6 - Ethers with five or more carbon atoms per molecule - Other oxygenates Sulphur content mg/kg 492 < Lead content g/l 492 <05 <05 < *According to the common format for submission of summary of national fuel quality data (Directive 98/70/EC) Note: Detailed petrol quality checking has been undertaken under Law No. 229/2004 since May 1, 2005 after the accession of the Czech Republic into the EU. Detailed data on petrol quality before 2004 are not available (according to the Ministry of Industry and Trade). The number of petrol samples in 2004 was 780, of which petrol 91 octanes - 269, petrol 95 octanes - 492, petrol 98 octanes - 19). 6.3 of the samples were of unsatisfactory quality. Table Market fuels used in vehicles with spark ignition engines (Petrol Super BA 98 = 19 samples)*: Year 2004 Parameter Unit Analytical and statistical results Limiting value PETROL 98 8

9 Number of samples Taken where 2004 National specification, if any (from 2004) Min. Max. Mean Standard deviation According to 98/70/EC Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Research octane No Motor octane No Vapour pressure, DVPE kpa Distillation: - Evaporated at 0ûC - Evaporated at 150ûC Hydrocarbon analysis: - Olefins - Aromatics - Benzene Oxygen content Oxygenates: 19 - Methanol Ethanol Iso-propyl alcohol - Tert-butyl alcohol Iso-butyl alcohol 0,0 - Ethers with five or more carbon atoms per molecule - Other oxygenates Sulphur content mg/kg 19 <0 <0 <

10 Lead content g/l 19 <05 <05 < *According to the common format for submission of summary of national fuel quality data (Directive 98/70/EC) Note: Detailed petrol quality checking has been undertaken under Law No. 229/2004 since May 1, 2005 after the accession of the Czech Republic into the EU. Detailed data on petrol quality before 2004 are not available (according to the Ministry of Industry and Trade). The number of petrol samples in 2004 was 780, of which petrol 91 octanes - 269, petrol 95 octanes - 492, petrol 98 octanes - 19). 6.3 of the samples were of unsatisfactory quality. Are there any other additives in the fuel? If so, what are they and what quantity? Each single producer or distributor utilise different additives. The data and information on these additives are subject to company secret and it is not possible, according to the Ministry of industry and Trade, to obtain them. The lead-free petrol Special BA-91 shall contain, in accordance with Czech standards, additives of the VSRPA type (Valve Seat Recession Protection Additive) ensuring valve saddle excessive wear prevention. This petrol has to be in rich orange and must not contain lead, sodium, manganese and/or ferrous compounds. Maximal total allowable content of these metals in this type of petrol is 5 mg/kg (applicable for the producer, importer and distributor alike). The following parameters shall be established for the lead-free petrol Special BA-91 : Density, evaporated at 70 C, Final Boiling Point (FBP), Distillation Residue and Content of potassium. The following additional parameters shall be established for diesel: Flash point, Cetan index, Cold filter plugging point (CFPP), Distillation [ (V/V) recovered at 250 oc and (V/V) recovered at 350 o C]. Table 4.4 Market fuels used in vehicles with compression ignition engines (Diesel = 700 samples)*: Year 2004 Parameter Unit Limiting value DIESEL Analytical and statistical results National specification, if 2004 According to 98/70/EC any (from 2004) Number Standard of Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum deviation samples Cetane No , Density at 15ûC kg/m Distillation 95 Point 15ûC Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (m/m) Sulphur content mg/kg *According to the common format for submission of summary of national fuel quality data (Directive 98/70/EC) Note: Detailed diesel quality checking has been undertaken under Law No. 229/2004 since May 1, 2005 after the accession of the Czech Republic into the EU. Detailed data on diesel quality before 2004 are not available (according to the Ministry of Industry and Trade). The number of diesel samples in 2004 was of the samples were of unsatisfactory quality. Table Number of samples in month (diesel)

11 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total 1a) 350 samples ( ) 2) 350 samples ( ) 1b) 350 samples ( ) 700 * According to Government Regulation 229/2004, the minimal number of samples is divided between the summer (May-October) and winter (November-April) periods. Total number of samples 700 (350 summer+350 winter). Text Box 4.3 Fuel quality standards (e.g. in case EU standards are not applied in your country please, shortly describe your domestic standards; level of approximation to EU standards; Please describe any planned standards and the anticipated deadlines for their adoption, etc.) The Directive 98/70EC was fully implemented in the Czech Republic. Table 4.5 Fuel production, import, export and consumption (2003*) Fuel grade Production Import Export Consumption** (00 m 3 /year) (00 m 3 /year) (00 m 3 /year) (00 m 3 /year) Total leaded petrol RON: Total unleaded petrol 2,799 1, ,730 RON: 91 RON: 95 RON: , , Total diesel 3,821 1, ,300 Total LPG *If data for 2003 is not available, insert older data and indicate the year **Vehicle transport only (rail and marine transport excluded) , Table Fuel production by producers Refinery Česká rafinérská společnost, a. s. (Czech Refinery Company) There are 2 production plants on the territory of the Czech Republic Production of crude oil distillation (00 m 3 /year) 6,400 Table Fuel distribution Fuel distributors Number of filling stations CEPRO (0 state) 190 Unipetrol (62 state) 325 Agip CR 72 Aral CR 69 11

12 Avanti CZ 1 Eigl/Avia 4 ESSO 39 JET (Conocophillips) 43 OMV CR 131 Shell CR 141 Slovnaft CR 42 Table 4.6 Promotion of environment friendly fuels (unleaded petrol, sulfur-free petrol, biodiesel, LPG, etc.) Measure Details Ban on leaded petrol From Tax differentiation No excise tax from bio-diesel Use of subsidies No subsidies Other (please add): No other measures Planned Measures The production of ultra low-sulphur diesel oil (max. sulphur content 50 g/kg) is planned to be launched in Vehicle Emissions Table 5.1 Vehicle emissions legislation EU legislation National legislation Correspondence to EU legislation* Old Directives: 70/220/EEC (light vehicles) 88/77/EEC (heavy duty vehicles) Auto-Oil Programme: 98/69/EC (amending 70/220/EEC) 1999/69/EC (amending 88/77/EEC) *Full transposition/partial transposition/no transposition Law No. 56/2001 on road traffic conditions. MoT Regulation No. 302/2001 on periodical technical inspections and emission measurement. Corresponding Table 5.2 Vehicle fleet structure Total Passenger Cars LDV HDV Buses Year: 2003* number of vehicles Petrol Diesel Petrol Diesel Petrol Diesel Petrol Diesel 000s of the total vehicle fleet *If data for 2003 is not available, insert older data and indicate the year 12

13 Table 5.3 Share with catalytic converters Year: Vehicles with Catalytic Converters 2003* Passenger cars All vehicles Number 1,758,000 N/A 47 N/A *If data for 2003 is not available, insert older data and indicate the year Table 5.4 Newly registered passenger cars Total Passenger cars Year number New Second hand 000s 000s 000s 1995 N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R 2003* *If data for 2003 is not available, insert older data and indicate the year Table 5.5 Vehicle aging Year: 2003* 0-5 years 6- years years years >20 years Passenger cars () 732, , , , ,581 LDV () 91,552 88,047 30,341 9,429 9,277 HDV () 19,844 18,222 18,056 20,248 33,246 Buses () 4,320 3,569 4,663 3,803 4,272 Total () 847, , , , ,396 *If data for 2003 is not available, insert older data and indicate the year Table 5.6 Domestic vehicle production Type Passenger cars () LDV () HDV () Buses () Total () * 2002 is included in order to see the trend. If data is available, any previous year can be included too. Table 5.7 Quantity of imported vehicles Type Passenger cars () LDV ()

14 HDV () Buses () Total () * 2002 is included in order to see the trend. If data is available, any previous year can be included too. ** If there is data by country of import, please include it. Text Box 5.1 Restrictions placed on imported vehicles (age limits, requirements for catalytic converters, installation of emission technology for the HDV) There is an 8-year-age limit for vehicles imported to the Czech Republic. Text Box 5.2 Information on retrofitting imported fleets (e.g. bus fleets) with emissions control technologies or cleaner engines The re-fitting of passenger cars to combined propulsion (gasoline and LPG) is common. Table 5.8 Institutional framework of vehicle emission testing Institution Institution Number of vehicles Number of testing Personnel Responsibility name type tested (vehicles/year) sites The Dekra USMD Stock corporation administration of the technical inspection and emission testing companies 0 2. Private companies Stock corporations or Ltd. performing the emission testing once every 2 years N/A 61 private vehicle emission testing companies Text Box 5.3 Legal and institutional framework of vehicle exhaust emission testing Legal framework: The Notice of Ministry of Transport No. 302/2003 Coll., on regular technical inspections and emission measurement. Institutional framework: Ministry of Transport, Dept. Of Vehicles Approval Text Box 5.4 Technical assistance for EU approximation: Vehicle emission testing No technical assistance. Source: (institution)..(department) 14

15 Table 5.9 Vehicle exhaust emission requirements (cars not exceeding 2.5 tons laden) Leaded petrol Unleaded petrol Diesel g/km EU* EU EU National National Euro III Euro IV Euro III Euro IV Euro III Euro IV CO EURO 3 from HC NO x No leaded petrol in the Czech Republic vehicles produced in EURO 4 from vehicles produced in 2005 National EURO 3 from vehicles produced in EURO 4 from vehicles produced in 2005 HC+NO x PM 5 2 Opacity *Euro III emission standards have become fully effective since ; Euro IV emission standards will become fully effective after Text Box 5.5 Steps towards EU approximation: Vehicle exhaust emission requirements Problems: No emissions checking on roads. Steps: N/R Source: (institution)..(department) Text Box 5.6 Incentives for alternative fuels and vehicles (e.g. CNG/LPG powered vehicles) Incentive The programme of energy saving and promotion of renewable sources Announced by MoT every year. Description Text Box 5.7 Promotion of environment friendly vehicles (such as new vehicles, catalytic converters, fuel cells, etc.) Measures Details 1. Ban on the sale of new vehicles not All new and imported cars shall fulfil the EURO 3 standards and must be equipped with catalytic converters equipped with catalytic converters 2. Tax differentiation Road tax discount for cars fulfilling EURO 3 standards (25 discount) 3. Use of subsidies Subsidy for purchasing public-transport buses (distributed by MoT) 4. Inspection and maintenance program Only obligatory inspections once every 2 years 5. Retrofit program Additional car conversion for LPG or CNG 6. Accelerated retirement program N/R 7. Scrapage programs N/R 8. Vehicle age caps N/R 15

16 9. Other (please add): N/R 16