2.5 Nuclear Fusion Reactors Plasma Confinement and Its Devices Fusion Reactor Projects Conclusions...

Transcription

1 Contents 1 General Overview Introduction Types of Nuclear Power Reactors Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) Benefits of the Use of Small Modular Reactors The Perspective of the Small Modular Reactors Market at World Level Main Safety Features of the Small Modular Reactors Different Small Modular Reactor Designs References Advanced Nuclear Technologies and Its Future Possibilities Introduction Generation III, III + and IV Nuclear Power Reactors Generation IV Nuclear Power Reactors GIF Initiative Goals Descriptions of the Generation IV Systems The Future of the Generation IV Nuclear Power Reactors European Pressurised Reactor (EPR) EPR Design Project EPR Description Safety, Competitiveness and Flexibility EPR Projects Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) Why the Interest in Small Modular Reactors Small Modular Reactors and Their Attributes Small Modular Reactor Designs xv

2 xvi Contents 2.5 Nuclear Fusion Reactors Plasma Confinement and Its Devices Fusion Reactor Projects Conclusions References The Current Situation and Perspective of the Small Modular Reactors Market in North and South America, Including the Caribbean Regions Background The Current Situation and Perspective on the Use of Small Modular Reactors for Electricity Generation in the United States and Canada United States Nuclear Power Plants Operating in the United States Types of Small Modular Reactors Under Development in the United States The Commercialisation Programme of Small Modular Reactor Technology in the United States Financing of Small Modular Reactors in the United States Market Perspective of the Small Modular Reactors in the United States The Need of Small Modular Reactors in the United States Public Opinion Regarding the Use of Nuclear Energy for Electricity Generation in the United States Canada Current Nuclear Power Plants Operating in Canada Type and Capacity of Small Modular Reactors to Be Built in Canada The Future Role of Nuclear Power in Canada The Current Situation and Perspective on the Use of Small Modular Reactors in Latin America and the Caribbean References The Current Situation and Perspective of the Small Modular Reactors Market in the European Region Introduction Current Situation and Perspective in the Use of Small Modular Reactors in the European Region The Russian Federation (Russia) The United Kingdom (U.K.) France

3 Contents xvii Ireland Sweden Germany Poland Finland The Nuclear Power Programme in Other European Countries References The Current Situation and Perspective of the Small Modular Reactors Market in the Asia and the Pacific Region Introduction Current Situation and Perspective in the Use of Small Modular Reactors in the Asian and the Pacific Region China The Republic of Korea (South Korea) Iran, Islamic Republic of India Pakistan Bangladesh Indonesia Vietnam Thailand Philippines Malaysia References Benefits of Small Modular Reactors Introduction Enhanced Safety Features Improved Source Term Reduced Linear Element Rating Enhanced Decay Heat Other Inherent and Passive Safety Features Economic Competitiveness Between Small Modular Reactors and Large Nuclear Power Reactors Lower Upfront Cost Modularisation Potential Solution for Remote Locations and Developing Countries Proliferation Resistances Conclusions References

4 xviii Contents 7 The Future of Small Modular Reactors Introduction Investment in Nuclear Power Plants Safety Issues Associated to Nuclear Power Plants Construction of New Nuclear Power Plants The Small Modular Reactors Priorities in Research and Development Activities to Be Considered for a Group of Selected Small Modular Reactors Priority R&D for Gas-Cooled Fast Reactors Priority R&D for Lead-Bismuth Eutectic-Cooled Reactors (LBE) Priority Research and Development for Sodium-Cooled Reactors References

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