ARTECHE LOW VOLTAGE CAPACITOR BANKS. smartbat LV.

Transcription

1 ARTECHE LOW VOLTAGE CAPACITOR BANKS. smartbat LV.

2 This document may be subject to changes. Contact ARTECHE to confirm the characteristics and availability of the products described here. Moving together

3 CONTENTS 1. Low Voltage Capacitors 4 2. Advantages of Reactive Power Compensation. Why install Capacitor Banks? smartbat LV CFB Family. Fixed Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks smartbat LV CAB Family. Automatic Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks smartbat LV FAB/FFB family. Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) 24 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

4 1. LOW VOLTAGE CAPACITORS 4 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

5 1. LOW VOLTAGE CAPACITORS ARTECHE THREE PHASE CAPACITORS FOR POWER FACTOR CORRECTION ARTECHE three-phase power factor correction capacitors are installed as part of ARTECHE range of capacitor banks type smartbat LV. They are specifically designed for superior performance combined with or without ARTECHE filtering reactors. They are constructed for power factor correction so as to withstand the effects of the harmonics in harmonic filtering applications. The harmonics increase the internal heating of the capacitors and can significantly reduce their life (50% further reduction every 10 C increase). When harmonics are present, the losses in the capacitor increase because the capacitor current increase as a consequence of the over voltage. The geometry of the capacitor affects its ability to dissipate heat. It is known that heating of a capacitor increases with the height of the capacitor and further to capacitor smaller diameters. ARTECHE capacitors maximize diameter and reduce height to minimize internal losses and avoid increasing temperature, reaching a higher life expectancy, and enduring harshest weather conditions. Due to this design our capacitors can withstand operating temperatures up to 70 C continued without reducing life expectancy. ARTECHE three phase capacitors for power factor correction. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 5

6 1. LOW VOLTAGE CAPACITORS KEY FEATURES OF ARTECHE CAPACITORS: A. Low Current Density Design Larger area for current entry. Low current density B. Heat Dissipation Losses Short path inside the winding Low series resistance. Low heat dissipation. C. Internal Cooling Very large zinc layers for heat transportation. Current 6 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

7 1. LOW VOLTAGE CAPACITORS Figure 1 gives an example of the life expectancy of a capacitor designed for 80 C and one designed for 40 C. PROTECTION AGAINST OVERVOLTAGES AND SHORTCIRCUITS: SELF-HEALING DIELECTRIC All dielectric structures used in our power capacitors are self-healing : In the event of a voltage breakdown the metal layers around the breakdown channel are evaporated by the temperature of the electric arc that forms between the electrodes. They are removed within a few microseconds and pushed apart by the pressure generated in the center of the breakdown spot. An insulation area is formed which is reliably resistive and voltage proof for all operating requirements of the capacitor. The capacitor remains fully functional during and after the breakdown. % life expectancy Temperature ( C) Capacitor designed for 40 C Capacitor designed for 80 C (*) M.H. El-Husseine, Pascal Venet, Gérard Rojat, Charles Joubert, Thermal Simulation for geometric optimization of metallized polypropylene film capacitors IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. Vol. 38, No. 3, May/June Fig. 1 PROTECTION AGAINST ACCIDENTAL CONTACT All capacitors are checked by routine test (voltage test between shorted terminations and case: 2xUN + 2,000 V ( at least 3,000 V) in accordance with IEC Capacitors are earthed at the bottom stud. Terminal blocks are design for IP20, protecting against accidental finger contact with life parts. The discharge modules are designed in the same way. Fig. 2 See figure 2. PROTECTION AGAINST OVERLOAD AND FAILURE AT THE END OF SERVICE LIFE In the event of overvoltage or thermal overload or ageing at the end of the capacitor s life, an increasing number of self-healing breakdowns may cause rising pressure inside the capacitor. To prevent it from bursting, the capacitor is fitted with a break action mechanism. This safety mechanism is based on an attenuated spot at one, two or three of the connecting wires inside the capacitor. With rising pressure the case begins to expand, mainly by opening the folded crimp and pushing the lid upwards. As a result, the wires are separated and the current path is interrupted irreversibly. See figure 3. Capacitor before protection has worked Capacitor after protection has worked Fig. 3 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 7

8 1. LOW VOLTAGE CAPACITORS STANDARDS COMPLIANCE IEC (2003): Shunt Power capacitors of self-healing type for a.c. systems 1,000 V Part 1: Performance, testing and rating, safety requirements, guide for installation and operation. IEC (2003): Shunt Power capacitors of self-healing type for a.c. systems 1,000 V Part 2: Ageing test, self-healing test and destruction test. VDE /47 73/23/EWG: Low-voltage directive UL Nº /68/EWG: Directive for amendment 73/23/EWG (CE Conformity Mark) DIN IEC : Vibration stress The use of capacitors can reduce energy costs, Improve power factor and Increase power system capacity. PARTICULAR TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Rated voltage (V) Un 400, 480, 525 Maximum rated current (A) Temperature category acc. to IEC Ambient temperature 1.8 xin -40 /60 Up to 70 Tolerance capacitance ±5% Internal connection Filling material Dissipation losses Dielectric Delta Inert gas (N2)/ no PCB <0,5 W/kVAr Self healing, pure polypropylene films Humidity 95% Altitude Life expectancy <4,000 abv.s.l. >150,000 h Permitted overvoltages: 8 h/d 1.1x Un 30 min/d 1.15x Un 5 min 1.2x Un 1 min 1.3x Un Discharge time Discharge resistor Overpressure disconnection mechanism IP Below 50 V within no more than 60 s Built in Included IP20 8 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

9 ARTECHE POWER QUALITY Customized solutions. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 9

10 2. Advantages of Reactive Power Compensation. Why install Capacitor Banks? 10 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

11 2. ADVANTAGES OF REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION. WHY INSTALL CAPACITOR BANKS? CAPACITORS BANKS CAN REDUCE ENERGY COSTS, IMPROVE POWER FACTOR AND INCREASE POWER SYSTEM CAPACITY Inductive loads can demand large amounts of reactive power and reduce overall facility power factor. For instance, the full load power factor of individual motors can range from 0.60 to 0.93 and drops steadily as the load is reduced. Since many motors are de rated or operate well below full load conditions. Typical power factors may then be much lower than stated on the motor nameplate. ARTECHE capacitors Banks improve the power factor, save energy and reduce electric bills. By reducing the reactive power demand, clients can make additional capacity available from existing transformers. When capacitors banks are added to motors or networks, the capacitor supplies the reactive power needs of the motor instead of the facility, thus improving power factor at this point and upstream of it. BENEFITS OF IMPROVING POWER FACTOR Improved Power Factor. Reduce current draw. Reduce kva demand. Reduce electricity demand. Charges. Reduce losses in power system & transformers. Increase KVA available from transformers. Reduce motor current draw. Reduce I 2 R losses. Extend equipment life. Improve facility voltage levels. Current kva Original Final Reduced Demand PF PF by Reduced by 0, % 7% 0, % 10% 0, % 12% 0, % 15% 0, % 20% 0, % 25% 0, % 30% 0, % 35% 0, % 40% Raise Power Factor: ARTECHE Power Factor Capacitors Banks will raise the power factor of motors and other inductive loads. Fixed Capacitor Banks type CFB may be used for individual inductive loads, or to improve power factor for an entire facility or electrical service. Use Fixed Capacitors for commercial, industrial applications. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 11

12 2. ADVANTAGES OF REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION. WHY INSTALL CAPACITOR BANKS? Precise Control of Power Factor: For large facilities or electrical services, consider ARTECHE Type CAB Automatic Capacitor Systems. Automatic Capacitor Systems are required for multiple loads so that capacitance can be adjusted based upon varying load conditions and varying reactive power demand. Achieve Maximum Reduction of Power Losses: Capacitors Banks should be connected as close (electrically) as possible to individual inductive loads in order to recover the highest percentage of branch circuit conductor power losses. Properly applied capacitors can lower the power system losses by reducing the circuit current and I 2 R power losses. Reduce Electric Energy Costs: The use of Power Factor Capacitors Banks can eliminate the utility charges for low power factor. ADDING UP THE BENEFITS Saving Energy and Energy Costs. ROI for Capacitor Investment (RETURN ON INVESTMENT). Capacitors Banks improve the power factor of induction loads. Additionally, they reduce current and kva demanded from the power sources. The payback period will depend on the electricity rate structure and penalties associated with low power factor. ARTECHE can help you determine the ROI of a capacitor bank investment. Contact our offices for a ROI analysis based on the electricity rates and usage. How much will KVA be reduced? If a system has an existing overload, the capacitor may eliminate it. If the system is not overloaded, capacitors banks can release capacity and postpone or avoid an investment in more expensive transformers, switchgear and cable, otherwise required to serve additional loads. How much will voltage rise? % Voltage Increase = kvar x 100 kva cc Where: kva cc = Transformer kva Transformer Impedance kva Excessive voltage sags can make motors sluggish, and cause them to overheat. Low voltage also interferes with lighting, the proper operation of motor controls and electrical and electronics instruments. Capacitors will raise the plant voltage level, and can maintain it all along the feeders, right out to the furthest motors. How much energy will capacitors save? By supplying kilovars at the point where they are needed, capacitors will relieve the system of delivering reactive current. Since electrical current in the lines is reduced, the circuit I 2 R losses also decrease. Therefore, fewer kwh need to be purchased from the utility. ROI will vary depending on factors such as utility rate structure, load conditions, old PF and new PF. kva L = kva 1 - kva 2 = kw x 1-1 ƒp 1 ƒp 2 Where: S L (kva L ): Released apparent power S 1 (kva 1 ): Initial apparent power S 2 (kva 2 ): Final apparent power P (kw): active power cos φ 1 (ƒp 1 ): Initial power factor cos φ 2 (ƒp 2 ): Final power factor In electrical equipment, such as transformers or cables, capacitors banks can release capacity and thus allow a greater payload. By furnishing the necessary magnetizing current for induction motors and transformers, capacitors banks reduce the current drawn from the power supply. Less current means less loading on transformers and feeder circuits. 12 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

13 ARTECHE PQ offers over 20 years experience in the design and manufacture of reactive power compensation and harmonic filtering systems. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 13

14 3. smartbat LV CFB FAMILY Fixed Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks 14 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

15 3. smartbat LV CFB FAMILY > Fixed Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks SOLUTIONS FOR FIXED ENERGY DEMAND Fixed Capacitor banks are an economical and reliable reactive power compensation system for: Uniform loads. When there is a minimum reactive energy to compensate in low loads periods. Large loads (asynchronous motors and transformers). Individual compensation helps reducing the power through the installation. There are facilities with fixed energy demand and, therefore, with reactive power requirements also constant. Among the wide range of products manufactured by ARTECHE Group, fixed capacitor banks would be the ideal equipment for power factor correction at the load or in the connection point of the installation provided that the absence of resonance is ensured in the system. The fixed capacitor banks can be manufactured in the following variants: 1. Fixed capacitor bank. 2. Fixed capacitor bank with fuses as main protection. 3. Fixed capacitor bank with MCCB as main protection. ARTECHE s fixed capacitor banks are very useful when we want to get an improvement of the power factor of a load or a group of loads that have reactive power demand which is basically constant. ARTECHE CFB type fixed capacitor banks. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 15

16 3. smartbat LV CFB FAMILY > Fixed Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks ADVANTAGES OF ARTECHE S FIXED CAPACITOR BANKS Compact design Main circuit breaker operable from outside ensuring user safety. Wide range of voltage levels from 240 to 1,000 V. Capacities from 5-1,200 kvar. Operation temperature from -40 to 55 C ambient temperature. Minimal maintenance and 100% field replaced. Long life and low loss due to its capacitor design to 70 C. Capacitors with pressure switch and antiexplosion device proof acc. UL and IEC. Visual indication of failure of the capacitors. Individual capacitor discharge resistors that prevent risks to the end user. Convection cooling. Easy installation. Designed and assembled under standard ISO 9001, ISO Components 100% environment friendly. Its operation contributes to improved environmental and reducing greenhouse effect gases. MAIN FEATURES Enclosure for wall or floor mounting. Molded case circuit breaker for overcurrent protection. Capacitors with individual discharge resistance, pressure switch and anti-explosion device, 100% recyclable. Convection cooling system. ENCLOSURE IP code: IP 21, IP 31 and IP43. Zink- passivated metallic enclosure painted with epoxy dust paint colour RAL Completely rigid welded structure. Base for easy wall or floor mounting. Grids for a proper convection cooling. PROTECTION DEVICES Circuit Breaker: Main circuit breaker with high current breaking capacity. Comply with IEC ; UL 489. Mechanical safety lever ensuring end user safety to energize or de-energize the capacitor bank from the outside of the enclosure. Mechanical pads on the side line (included key for tightening). Buses isolated in the loading side. Easy access from outside. Fuses: Fully comply with IEC ; din Type NV/NH ; curve gl-gg. Center and top melted indicator. Current limiting type. High rupture capacity (120 KA; 500 V). Three phase fuse bases. 16 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

17 3. smartbat LV CFB FAMILY > Fixed Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks TECHNICAL FEATURES At the top of the enclosures a printed information sheet containing details of installation and commissioning is placed. System Frequency Rated Voltages Range of capacity Three phase 50 Hz / 60 Hz Enclosure IP 21, IP31, IP 43; RAL 7035 Installation Capacitors Discharge resistor Overpressure disconnection mechanism Cable entry Standards Maintenance Wall-mounted with M8 or M10 screws Floor-mounted with M8 or M10 screws Self-healing, pure polypropylene films Tª amb 70 C Acc/ IEC and UL standards Built in / Below 50 V within no more than 60 s Visual Lateral entry IEC / IEC61921 IEC UL Nº 810 Quick interchangeable kits on site OPTIONAL TECHNICAL FEATURES In addition to the standard specifications ARTECHE offers the following optional specifications so that fixed equipment suits the needs of the installation and user: Frequency Rated Voltages Enclosure Main circuit breaker 50 Hz / 60 Hz IP 55; Any RAL Without / With any brand specified by the end user ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 17

18 4. smartbat LV CAB FAMILY Automatic Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks 18 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

19 4. smartbat LV CAB FAMILY Automatic Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks PRECISE INCREMENTS OF kvars ARE SWITCHED ONLINE AS NEEDED There are a number of facilities with power variable demand and therefore with reactive power and requirements variable. When the number and location of the loads that require reactive power within a facility are numerous, the compensation power factor at individual level will raise the cost. ARTECHE automatic power factor correction capacitor banks solve the above problem. ARTECHE automatic capacitor banks are manufactured according to the following protection types: 1st: Main protection (incomer): Switch disconnector or MCCB. 2nd: Step protection: fuses or MCCB. 3rd: Over temperature protection: provided in all models to avoid excessive heating. ARTECHE automatic capacitor banks allow connected as close (electrically) as possible to individual inductive loads in order to recover the highest percentage of branch circuit conductor power losses ARTECHE CAB type automatic capacitor banks. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 19

20 4. smartbat LV CAB FAMILY Automatic Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks ADVANTAGES OF ARTECHE S AUTOMATIC CAPACITOR BANKS Compact design. Faster control power factor algorithm. Switch cycles balancing, ARTECHE capacitor banks are using for the next switching operation from steps with same or similar size always the step with the minimum number of switching cycles. Main protection operable from outside ensuring user safety and door interlock. Wide range of voltage levels from 240 to 1,000 V. Capacities from kvar. Operation temperature from -40 to 55 C (ambient temperature). Long life and low loss due to its capacitor design to 70 C. Capacitors with pressure switch and antiexplosion device proof acc. UL and IEC. Visual indication of failure of the capacitors. Individual capacitor discharge resistors that prevent risks to the end user. Forced air cooling. Easy installation. Designed and assembled under standard ISO 9001, ISO Components 100% environment friendly. Its operation contributes to improved environmental and reducing greenhouse effect gases. ARTECHE has developed capacitor bank designs to allow a quick maintenance service on site. ARTECHE Quick Start System: ARTECHE s philosophy is always to be close to the needs of its clients, and with the experience built up along the years. All these efforts have resulted in the ARTECHE Quick Start System: Design based on total removable trays. 10 minutes for removing completely a tray and change a capacitor. Once a tray is removed the capacitor bank can operate properly(*). Trays of different reactive power are designed with the same total dimensions, this allows to increase the power on the capacitor bank without change the whole equipment. Quick connection terminals. (*) Check possible resonances 20 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

21 4. smartbat LV CAB FAMILY Automatic Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks MAIN FEATURES Dedicated small circuit breaker (MCB) for control circuit. Short circuited terminals for the secondary of current transformer. Voltage terminals fed by transformer voltage Tª 55 C Self-extinguish cable according to IEC 20/22/II and UL 105 C standards. MCCB s for protection each step or Current limiting HRC fuses for each section. Self-healing, pure polypropylene films; amb Tª 70 C; Acc/ IEC and UL standards Technical information in print and digital format. ENCLOSURE IP code: IP 21, IP 31 and IP43. Zink- passivated metallic enclosure painted with epoxy dust paint colour RAL Completely rigid welded structure. Floor mounted self-supported enclosure. Forced air cooling with grids + filter. Internal frames and trays mad of galvanized steel. Eyebolts for easy handling and installation. Lockable front doors. Switch Disconnector: Fully comply with IEC & 3. Insulation voltage 690 V. Class of duty AC-22B. Short time withstand current 50 KA; 1 s. POWER FACTOR REGULATOR Generalities: Microprocessor controlled power factor controller with 1-phase measurement system. Operates based on a target power factor which can be adjusted by the user. Full-automatic c/k-value setting, self adapting connection of different capacitor step sizes possible. Automatic detection and usage of the optimum capacitor step. Manual mode possible. Multiple connection types possible through adjustable phase compensation angle. Capable for 4-quadrant operation. Ind. Active power (imported) +P Cos Cos PROTECTION DEVICES Circuit Breaker: Circuit breaker with high current breaking capacity. Adjustable thermal protection. Comply with IEC 60947; UL 489. Mechanical safety lever ensuring end user safety to energize or de-energize the capacitor bank from the outside of the enclosure (for main CB). Mechanical pads on the side line (included key for tightening). Buses isolated in the loading side. Easy access from outside. Fuses: Fully comply with IEC ; din Type NV/NH ; curve gl-gg. Center and top melted indicator. Current limiting type. High rupture capacity (120 KA; 500 V). Three phase fuse bases. Cos II - Q + Q Reactive power (capcitive exported) III 6 = 0.90 cap Individually configurable discharging time allows quicker switching time. 1-phase measurement system also suitable for non sinusodial currents and voltages. Graphical LCD for display of step status, measurement values and system data. Measurement display for U, I, P, Q, S, THD U, THD I, ΔQ, F, T. Harmonics measurement for voltage and current up to the 31. Order, even and odd. Counter for active and reactive work. Flexible alarm system with up to 15 alarms (HARMONIC OVERLOAD, OVERCURRENT ) 5 -P Active power (exported) Reactive power (inductive imported) 4 I IV ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 21

22 4. smartbat LV CAB FAMILY Automatic Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks Thermal overload alarm / harmonics, allows protection to the capacitor bank before failure capacitors, because sometimes networks are free of distortion when the capacitor bank is installed, but as new harmonic generating equipments are installed the performance of the capacitor bank could be affect. Programmable digital input and digital output. Programmable alarm relay with volt free c/o contact. Supply voltage 115/230 V, Hz, other voltages on request. Voltage measuring V, Hz. Current measuring 15 ma 5 A, suitable for CT x/1 A and x/5 A. Optional communication interface with ModBus protocol. Connection with pluggable screw terminals. Protection class IP20 (casing), IP50 (front). UL and CE approval. Operating temperature from -40 C to 70 C. 4-key membrane type operation. Easy sequential operation. Password protection in the advanced menu. Supply voltage and measurement voltage are independent. Information on the number of switches per step and identifying defective. Real time showing of parameters and steps in operation. CONTACTORS Fully comply with IEC (AC 6B); IEC Damping resistors to limit capacitors inrush current. Electrical life: 250,000 operations. Ambient temperature -20 C/55 C Rated current 1,65 x In. Insulation voltage 690 V. COOLING Forced air cooling with grids + filter. Thermal protection in all capacitor Banks as standard. TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION All enclosures will be delivered with a briefcase where a set of drawings, electrical diagrams and Installation, operation and maintenance manual can be found. Setup Options: Capacitor discharge time. Display contrast. Line voltage limits. Time on / reconnection of steps. Fixed or automatic step (fixed on / fixed off). Choice of two types of power factor. Changing the polarity of the connection using membrane keys. Automatic selection of the steps to get the factor target power with a minimum of operations. With steps of equal size, regulator optimizes work cycles contactors, in that way all steps will operate the same number of times. Multiple operating program sequences with 1:1:1 steps..., 1:2:2..., 1:2:3..., 1:2:4..., 1:2:4:8... can be detected completely automatically. 22 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

23 4. smartbat LV CAB FAMILY Automatic Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks TECHNICAL FEATURES System Frequency Rated Voltages Voltage control Current signal Control circuit Range of capacity Three phase 50 Hz Include fast connection terminals which short-circuit the secondary of the CT for a safe maintenance 12,5 to 1200 KVAR Enclosure IP 21, IP31, IP 43; RAL 7035 Installation Capacitors Discharge resistor Overpressure disconnection mechanism Power factor regulator Main protection Step protection Cable entry Step switching Altitude Standards Floor mounted self-supported enclosure Self-healing, pure polypropylene films Tª amb 70 C Acc/ IEC and UL standards Built in / Below 50 V within no more than 60 s Visual Full-automatic c/k-value setting 4-quadrant operation Measurement display for U, I, P, Q, S, THD U, THD I, ΔQ, F, T MCCB or SWITCH DISCONNECTOR FUSES or MCCB Top or bottom entry Contactor AC 6b; damping resistors; operations 3,500 m a.s.l IEC / IEC61921 IEC UL Nº 810 Maintenance ARTECHE Quick Start System (See page 20) OPTIONAL TECHNICAL FEATURES In addition to the standard specifications ARTECHE offers the following optional specifications so that automatic capacitor bank suits the needs of the installation and user: Frequency Rated Voltages Steps Enclosure Main circuit breaker Contactors Power factor regulator 60 Hz IP 55; Any RAL Without / With any brand specified by the client Any brand specified by the client Three phase measurement / ModBus protocol ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 23

24 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) 24 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

25 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY > Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) HIGH DUTY SOLUTIONS WITH CAPACITOR PROTECTION REACTORS ARTECHE s detuned capacitor banks are the cheapest way to protect the capacitor from resonance with harmonics present in the system and filtering the harmonic components in power systems. The main duty of these filters is to compensate the reactive energy but they also absorb a percentage of harmonic currents, and therefore they reduce the harmonic voltages. These units have L-C filters tuned to 134 Hz, which is equivalent to a harmonic order of hr=2.7 and a reactor factor of p=14%. smartbat LV FAB/FFB family. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 25

26 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY > Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) EFFECTS OF HARMONICS IN POWER SYSTEMS The increment of nonlinear devices on electrical systems, causes an increase in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Harmonic components in voltage and current cause distortion in the wave form, causing them to lose their sinusoidal shape. Volts Amps When the harmonic current components spread through the electric system, they originate undesired effects on the components of the system. Among the most common effects are: Abnormal heating of conductors and electrical equipment. False or premature operation in protection devices. Incorrect readings in measurement equipments. Improper operation of electronic equipments. Resonance. Overload and capacitor failures. Voltage harmonic distortion :44: % of FND :44: :44: Volts 03:44: :44: Amps :44: FFB FAMILY Fixed Detuned Capacitor Banks are used when the load does not change with time and always requires the same amount of reactive power to achieve a target power factor. They consist of capacitors, choke reactors and main protection. FAB FAMILY Thd H10 H20 H30 H40 H50 Automatic Detuned Capacitor Banks are very useful when there are nonlinear devices whose power demand changes over time, without changes in its spectral content (can vary the magnitude of the harmonic components, but not their order). 6 5 Amps ARTECHE detuned capacitor banks consist on groups of three phase configurations inductive-capacitive (LC) connected in series. This type of arrangement provides simultaneously correction of power factor and harmonic filtering. Inductive reactors have a very low fundamental frequency, so the circuit LC has a capacitive behavior since this is the predominant element at the fundamental frequency. The impedance of the LC circuit has a minimum value at the tuning frequency, and above this frequency the behavior is inductive. The capacitive behavior of the unit at nominal frequency enables the power factor correction of nonlinear devices. z [ohms] X [ohms] f [Hz] Impedance and reactance vs. frequency of the filter X L X c Z 26 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

27 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY > Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) ARTECHE detuned capacitor banks for power factor correction are manufactured according to the following protection types: 1st: Main protection (incomer): Switch disconnector or MCCB. 2nd: Step protection: fuses or MCCB. 3rd: Over temperature protection: provided in all models to avoid excessive heating. ADVANTAGES OF ARTECHE DETUNED CAPACITOR BANKS Prevent the propagation of harmonic components throughout the electrical system. Decrease the effects of harmonics on the system preventing its premature degradation. Prevents premature degradation of other electrical components and improper operation of relays and protections, caused by distortion in the current and voltage. Avoids resonance problems under low load conditions. Decrease in total distortion power because the harmonic components are confined in the part of the network where the capacitor bank is installed. Removal of penalties for low power factor. Compact design. Faster control power factor algorithm. Switch cycles balancing, ARTECHE capacitor banks are using for the next switching operation from steps with same or similar size always the step with the minimum number of switching cycles. Main protection operable from outside ensuring user safety and door interlock. Wide range of voltage levels from 240 to 1,000 V. Capacities from 5-1,200 kvar. Operation temperature from -40 to 55 C (ambient temperature). Long life and low loss due to its capacitor design to 70 C. Capacitors with pressure switch and antiexplosion device proof acc. UL and IEC. Visual indication of failure of the capacitors. Individual capacitor discharge resistors that prevent risks to the end user. Forced air cooling. Easy installation. Designed and assembled under standard ISO 9001, ISO Components 100% environment friendly. Its operation contributes to improved environmental and reducing greenhouse effect gases. ARTECHE Quick Start System: ARTECHE s philosophy is always be close to the needs of its clients, and with the experience build up along the years, ARTECHE has focused their designs in the need of a quick maintenance service on site, all these efforts has result in the ARTECHE Quick Start System: Design based on total removable trays. 10 minutes for removing completely a tray and change a capacitor. Reactors trays completely removable. Once a tray is removed the capacitor bank can operate properly. Trays of different reactive power with the same total dimensions, this allows increase the power on the capacitor bank without change the whole equipment. Quick connection terminals. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 27

28 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY > Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) Main Features: Dedicated mini circuit breaker (MCB) for the control circuit. Short circuited terminals for the secondary of current transformer. Voltage terminals fed by transformer voltage T55 C. Self-extinguish cable according to IEC 20/22/II and UL 105 C standards. MCCB s for protection each step or Current limiting HRC fuses for each section. Self-healing, pure polypropylene films; Tª amb 70 C;Acc/ IEC and UL standards. Technical information in print and digital format. As shown in the following chart most of the components already described in the automatic power factor correction capacitor banks are used in detuned models: Component Automatic Capacitor Bank Detuned ENCLOSURE MCCB/SWITCH DISCONNECTOR CONTROL CIRCUIT X X PF REGULATOR X X FUSES X X CONTACTORS X X CAPACITORS X X REACTORS X 28 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

29 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY > Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) COMPONENTS Components exclusive of detuned capacitor banks are emphasized below: Reactors: By adding an appropriately rated series reactor to the power capacitor, both elements form a resonant circuit with a resonant frequency below the lowest harmonic order in the system (134 Hz). These filter reactors are combined with ARTECHE premium range of three-phase power factor correction capacitors to be part of the ARTECHE smartbat LV range. Fully comply with IEC ; VDE Three phase iron core. Copper or aluminium windings. Available at any resonance frequency. Thermal switch included, detecting an abnormal increase of the temperature in any of the reactors, the corresponding sensor sends a signal that triggers the step with heat problems while other steps keep working. High linearity. Silent and moist-inmune operation. Tolerances of the inductances: up to ±3% of L rated. Ambient temperature: up to 55 C. Fundamental current: more tan 6% of fundamental current permanently. Designed to withstand the thermal current of the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 7th harmonics over the component the fundamental current. Withstand short circuit currents up to 25 times the value of the thermal current design. Isolation class H (180 C). Quality factor Q: Upon specification. Reactors impregnated under vacuum and over-pressure in impregnation resin acc. to temperature class H. For applications which need to mitigate or absorb a specific harmonic, ARTECHE can offer tuned filters in order to reduce its presence in the system. Generally the most common harmonics present in the systems are the 5th and / or 7th harmonic. ARTECHE filtering reactors. ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 29

30 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY > Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) Capacitors: They are specifically designed for superior performance combined with ARTECHE filtering reactors. They are constructed for power factor correction so as to withstand the effects of the harmonics in harmonic filtering applications. Harmonics increase the internal heating of the capacitors and can significantly reduce the life of the capacitor (50% further reduction per 10 C). When harmonics are present, the losses in the capacitor increases as the capacitor current increased as a consequence of the over voltage. Technical features of capacitors for detuned applications: Protection against overvoltages and shortcircuits: Self-Healing Dielectric. Protection against Accidental Contact. Protection against overload and failure at the end of service life. Rated voltage (V) Un 480, 525 Maximum rated current (A) Temperature category acc. to IEC Ambient temperature 1.8xIn Tolerance capacitance ±5% Internal connection Filling material Dissipation losses Dielectric Delta Inert gas (N2)/ no PCB <0.5 W/kVAr Self healing, pure polypropylene films Humidity 95% Altitude Life expectancy <4,000 abv.s.l. >150,000 h Permitted overvoltages: 8 h/d 1.1x Un 30 min/d 1.15x Un 5 min 1.2x Un 1 min 1.3x Un Discharge time Discharge resistor Overpressure disconnection mechanism IP Below 50 V within no more than 60 s Built in Included IP20 30 ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV

31 5. smartbat LV FAB/FFB FAMILY > Fixed or Automatic Low Voltage Detuned Capacitor Banks for Power Factor Correction (134 Hz) Cooling: Forced air cooling with grids + filter. Thermal protection in all filtering systems as standard. Technical Features: Technical Documentation: All enclosures will be delivered with a briefcase where a set of drawings, electrical diagrams and Installation, Operation and maintenance manual can be found. System Frequency Rated Voltages Voltage control Current signal Control circuit Range of capacity Three phase 50 Hz Short circuited terminals for the secondary of the CT // Fast terminals 12,5 to 1,200 KVAR Enclosure IP 21, IP31, IP 43; RAL 7035 Installation Capacitors Discharge resistor Overpressure disconnection mechanism Reactors Power factor regulator Main protection Step protection Cable entry Step switching Altitude Floor mounted self-supported enclosure Self-healing, pure polypropylene films Tª amb 70 C Acc/ IEC and UL standards Provided with the capacitor / Below 50 V within no more than 60 s Visual Iron core; Cu or Al band; class H (180 C); f = 134 Hz Full-automatic c/k-value setting // 4-quadrant operation // Measurement display for U, I, P, Q, S, THD U, THD I, ΔQ, F, T MCCB or SWITCH DISCONNECTOR FUSES or MCCB Top or bottom entry Contactor AC 6b; damping resistors; operations 3,500 m a.s.l Standards IEC / IEC61921 // IEC // UL Nº 810 Maintenance ARTECHE Quick Start System (See page 27) OPTIONAL TECHNICAL FEATURES In addition to the standard specifications ARTECHE offers the following optional specifications so that automatic capacitor bank suits the needs of the installation and user: Frequency Rated Voltages Steps Enclosure Main circuit breaker Contactors Power factor regulator 60 Hz IP 55; Any RAL Without / With any brand specified by the client Any brand specified by the client Three phase measurement / ModBus protocol ARTECHE Low Voltage Capacitor Banks smartbat LV 31

32 Moving together ARTECHE_CT_PQ_LV_EN Version: A0 ARTECHE