Contribution of the Dipped Beam to Night-time Road Safety

Transcription

1 Autmtive Lighting and Light Signalling Expert Grup GROUPE DE TRAVAIL BRUXELLES 1952 (GTB) Infrmal dcument N. WP (148th WP.29, June 2009, agenda item 8.7) Cntributin f the Dipped Beam t Night-time Rad Safety The GTB / CIE Apprach t Encuraging Imprved Perfrmance Presentatin t WP th sessin 24 June 2009 Geffrey R Draper, GTB, June 2009

2 Autmtive Lighting and Light Signalling Expert Grup GROUPE DE TRAVAIL BRUXELLES 1952 (GTB) An explanatry brchure and a full presentatin f GTB are available n the GTB website:

3 COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE L'ECLAIRAGE (INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION) 40 Natinal Cmmittees (cuntry members) 7 Technical Divisins 135 Technical Cmmittees 120 Standards, Guides and Technical Reprts > 1000 Expert vlunteers Cuntries with CIE Natinal Cmmittee Mre infrmatin at:

4 Pedestrian Visibility Task Frce The SAE Pedestrian Visibility taskfrce reviewed the recent research cncerning pedestrian fatalities and investigated pssible appraches t define the minimum requirements, bth in terms f visibility and glare, f a headlighting system perating under actual vehicle cnditins. Mre infrmatin at:

5 Accident Data Extremely large numbers f pedestrians are killed in cllisins with vehicles because f darkness. (2,300 fatalities in USA, 150,000 wrldwide) The risk f having a rad accident at night is 3-7 times higher than in the daytime Night-Time Accidents are mre severe in terms f critical injuries In Germany the number f accidents at night declined mre strngly in the last decade cmpared t daytime

6 The risk f having a rad accident at night is 3x higher Night-Time Accidents are mre severe Prprtin f night-time injuries n all injuries: 27,4% fr slightly injured but 42,2% fr fatalities (in 2002) BASt reprt, Das Unfallgeschehen bei Nacht (187),

7 Percentage Reductin The number f accidents at night declined strnger in the last decade cmpared t daytime Daytime Minr Injuries -20 Daytime Critical Injuries Nightime Minr Injuries Nightime Critical Injuries BASt reprt, Das Unfallgeschehen bei Nacht (M172),

8 Extremely large numbers f pedestrians are killed in cllisins with vehicles because f darkness. (2,300 fatalities in USA, 150,000 wrldwide) In the US, the risk f a pedestrian fatal crash in darkness is n average almst seven times greater than in daylight UMTRI Implicatins f Fatal and Nnfatal Crashes fr Adaptive Headlighting Jhn M. Sullivan and Michael J. Flannagan April 2006

9 Imprving Night- Time Rad Safety 90% f infrmatin is perceived by the visual channel M. Eckert, Lichttechnik u. ptische Wahrnehmungssicherheit im Strassenverkehr ; Verlag Technik GmbH, Germany,

10 Basic Perfrmance Halgen Headlamp 10

11 High Perfrmance HID Headlamp 11

12 Light Surce develpments Headlamp Develpment Vehicle System Develpment Imprved Night-Time Rad Safety Regulatry Develpments User Awareness

13 ECE Regulatry Develpment R01 R08 R20 R98 R123 Minimum requirements fr rad safety Based upn type apprval f cmpnents D nt address perfrmance f the cmplete vehicle system Strict cntrl n Glare Maximum freedm fr imprvements f frward illuminatin Revisins t enable new technlgies

14 Distance frm Car C/L - metres Basic Perfrmance Halgen Headlamp 3 Lux n rad surface Distance alng the rad - metres Rad width = 6m (3m per lane) 500m Radius Curve

15 Distance frm Car C/L - metres High Perfrmance HID Headlamp 3 Lux n rad surface Distance alng the rad - metres Rad width = 6m (3m per lane) 500m Radius Curve

16 Percentage Reductin Imprved Night-Time Rad Safety Nightime Minr Injuries Nightime Critical Injuries Headlighting innvatins (e.g. cmplex-shape reflectrs, Gas Discharge Light Surces) BASt reprt, Das Unfallgeschehen bei Nacht (M172),

17 Imprved Night-Time Rad Safety Car buyers nt s willing t invest in ptinal safety devices Gas Discharge Headlamp take up rate less than 10% in Eurpe

18 Encuraging Imprvement f Passing Beam Perfrmance Vehicle manufacturers wrking clsely with suppliers t define perfrmance bjectives accrding t market segment Suppliers investing in new technlgies Mtring Press reprting n cmparisns f vehicle lighting perfrmance New Car Assessment Prgrammes (NCAP)

19 Standardised Perfrmance Assessment Methd 2003 EurNCAP annunced intentin t rate headlamp perfrmance. GTB Established a Taskfrce t supprt EurNCAP and prduced an initial recmmendatin fr an assessment system EurNCAP cncluded that mre research wuld be required t define the relative pririties f glare and visibility befre a rating system culd be intrduced GTB decided t cntinue wrking t define a standard assessment methd and transferred the activity t CIE TC CIE TC4-45 has prduced a Technical Reprt and a Standard t be published by end 2009 Autmtive Lighting and Light Signalling Expert Grup GROUPE DE TRAVAIL BRUXELLES 1952 (GTB)

20 52 Organisatins Including 18 Car Manufacturers 16 Lighting Suppliers 3 Gvernment Organisatins 5 Test Labratries 3 Universities 32 meetings Participatin / Investment GTB Taskfrce + CIE Technical Cmmittee Mre than 6000 man-hurs between August 2003 and March Validatin Testing Events 1st Validatin (2004) - 16 Pairs f Headlamps Mtr Transprt Institute - Pland 2nd Validatin (May 2005 IDIADA Spain) - 16 pairs f Headlamps Renault / IDIADA / LTIK 3rd Validatin (March 2006 Hella Germany) Re-evaluatin f a Selectin f Headlamps frm 2nd Event 4th Validatin (February 2007 Kit Belgium) - Validatin f Revised Methd t Calculate Glare 5th Validatin (May 2007 Fiat Balcc) -Validatin f Revised Methd t Calculate Range

21 Standardised Perfrmance Assessment Methd Overview f features and benefits Objective Methd Validated against bservatin data Repeatable results based upn labratry prcedure and standardised sftware rutines Can accept phtmetric simulatin data t enable assessment at vehicle cncept stage Glbally accepted methd independent f regulatry requirements

22 Perfrmance Scring Perfrmance Scring

23 Standardised Perfrmance Assessment Methd Next Steps Develp a standard CIE Perfrmance Scring System (Culd be an ISO Standard) Target Grups New Car Assessment Prgrammes (Eurpe / USA / Japan) Vehicle and Equipment Manufacturers Cnsumer Grups Mtring Press End Users

24 Standardised Perfrmance Scring System Jint GTB / CIE Technical Cmmittee TC4-45 Starting t develp a Standardised Scring System Cmments and suggestins will be appreciated Participatin / Research data / Funding welcmed Thank yu fr yur attentin