The ecological affordable car for each

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The ecological affordable car for each Hybrid and electric vehicles, energy storage technologies and control systems National and international R&D-projects,

1 The ecological affordable car for each Hybrid and electric vehicles, energy storage technologies and control systems National and international R&D-projects, research institutions and funding programs Vienna, October 21 st 2008 in cooperation with and Joseph Beretta DJRA/AFPE octobre Joseph Beretta PSA Peugeot Citroën

2 Content Introduction, world context PSA Peugeot Citroen s advantages Ecological vehicle strategy technologies choice for Europe Conclusions 2

3 The major challenges for car: World population growth More fossil energy consumption 1- ENERGIE 2-climate change CO2 Industrial and technologic development More population in city 3- Air quality 4- Safety More vehicle in world More electronic in cars 5 -Mobility To day five major challenges for the to morrow car 3

4 The 20 years stakes to come for the car major challenges Energy CO 2 Air quality Safety Local pollution, recycling and safety are tallied today by regulations. Tomorrow the CO 2 will be also regulated Today the voluntary actions of the manufacturers must go on: energy and CO 2 4

5 World: the CO 2 regulations 11,00 Taiwan CO2 Regulation Consumption gasoline (L/100km) 10,00 9,00 Canada 8,00 Mexico 7,00 6,00 5,00 EV Korea China US CAFE (LDT) Japan EV Australia Europe EV (Project.) US CAFE (LDV) (Project) California EV 4, Voluntary comitment Year NB : consumptions defined according to test cycle CO 2 :exemplarity of Europe 5

6 SOMMAIRE Introduction, world context PSA Peugeot Citroen s advantages Ecological vehicle strategy technologies choice for Europe Conclusions 6

7 PSA Peugeot Citroën Highlights : An efficient industrial base Poissy Rennes Vigo Madrid Mangualde Sevelnord Aulnay Mulhouse Sochaux Val di Sangro (Sevelsud) Kolin Trnava Kaluga Wuhan Porto Real Buenos Aires 7

8 PSA Peugeot Citroën Highlights : Key figures Operations in 150 countries 3,428,400 vehicles sold worldwide in billion in sales and revenue employees worldwide 8

PSA, CO2 leader 1st manufacturer in France with the classification of the ADEME. 1 million vehicles <140g CO 2 /km sold in 2007.

9 PSA, CO2 leader 1st manufacturer in France with the classification of the ADEME. 1 million vehicles <140g CO 2 /km sold in st manufacturer in bass Europe of vehicles consumption with more than sales of vehicles bass consumption (lower than 130g CO 2 m km. PSA, leader of low CO 2 vehicles 9

PSA Peugeot Citroën leader on HDI technologies:

HDI 1,4L 8 soupapes consumption and reduction of

performances : torque and power: + 50 % decrease

the pollutant emissions : HC - 50 % CO - 40 %

with FAP End 2007: 10,7 million of HDI sold on

10 PSA Peugeot Citroën leader on HDI technologies: high performance and clean Diesel engine Moteur HDI 1,4L 8 soupapes consumption and reduction of CO 2 emissions : -15 to 20 % Increase the performances : torque and power: + 50 % decrease the level of noise and vibrations - 3dB decrease the pollutant emissions : HC - 50 % CO - 40 % Particulates - 60 % (at same NOx value) and 99% with FAP End 2007: 10,7 million of HDI sold on the world 2,6 vehicles sold with FAP PSA, leader of HDI engine with FAP 10

11 1)Internal Combustion Engines: Improve efficiency PSA Peugeot Citroën introduce a new generation of gasoline engine (EP series) Indirect injection Turbocharger and direct injection Decrease consumption up to 15% and increase performances 11

12 SOMMAIRE Introduction, world context PSA Peugeot Citroen s advantages Ecological vehicle strategy technologies choice for Europe Conclusions 12

to the geographical area where he live, Consequently we must

13 the more ecological vehicles for «each» For us, Each customer has a need for mobility specific to his world of life, adapted to the geographical area where he live, Consequently we must propose the best economic choice in term of: Energy Technology Usage 13

14 Ecological Affordable Car affordable The definition: Ecological Vehicle cost and usage cost All services Societal WtW CO 2 emissions reduction Energy diversification & efficiency Air quality improvement (low emissions) recyclablility comfort Safety No more Waste well tank wheel WtW CO 2 emission, Global efficiency, Cost of automotive technologies, of associate energy and usage 14

15 energies / technologies panel Primary Energy Conversion Energy Carrier Propulsion System OIL (Conventional) OIL (Non-Conventional) Biomass Bio 2 generation refineries FAME ethanol Syn fuels CO H 2 XtL Liquid Fuels diesel Liquid Fuels gasoline Biogas CNG B5-B10 B30 E5,E10 E85 Conventional ICE : Diesel Conventional ICE : Gasoline/flexfuel ICE CNG ICE Hydrogen ICE / Hybrid thermal Natural Gas Coal Renewable (Solar, Wind, Hydro) Nuclear Electricity Hydrogen Plug-In Hybrid ICE/ Flex Range-Extender EV : ICE/ Flex - Fuel-cell Battery Electric Fuel-Cell Electric Electric 15

16 Crossroads between Technologies and Energies Today Tomorrow FC: Fuel cell and electric motor FCV EM HFCV BE: Battery and electric motor BEV BHEV CI:Compress Ignition HE:Hybrid Electric H 2 PHEV HEV CIV ICE SI:Spark ignition SIV GASOIL Gasoline ETHANOL Standard fuels BIODIESEL CNG ELECTRIC Alternatives fuels H 2 EM = Electric Motor ICE = Internal Combustion Engine FCV = Fuel Cell Vehicle HFCV = Hybrid FCV BEV = Battery Electric Vehicle BHEV = Battery Hybrid EV HEV = Hybrid Electric Vehicle PHEV = Plug in HEV CIV = Compress Ignition Vehicle SIV = Spark Ignition Vehicle 16

17 WtW Comparison of different technologies Energy MJ / km 3 Energy MJ / km 2, ,5 1, ,5 0, , gasoline E +S TT E +Hyb E 85 GNV Diesel D CTL D GTL D+S TT D+Hyb B 30 EV C lim a te C O 2 / k m gasoline E +S TT E +Hyb E 85 GNV Diesel D CTL D GTL D+S TT D+Hyb B 30 EV 320 C lim a te C O 2 / k m gas oline E + S TT E + Hy b E 85 G N V Dies el D C TL D G TL D + S TT D+ H y b B 30 E V gas oline E + S TT E + Hy b E 85 G N V Dies el D C TL D G TL D + S TT D+ H y b B 30 E V Example France: Vehicle: C4, cycle MGEV, VE Electricity: mix France, GNV: transport km, E85:betterave Europe, B30:colza Europe an obvious advantage for hybrid and electric technologies, but what about price? TtW W tt TtW W tt TtW W tt TtW W tt

18 BILAN energy / climate : Zoom on EV M J /k m E V 1, 0 0 0, 9 0 0, 8 0 0, 7 0 0, 6 0 0, 5 0 0, 4 0 0, 3 0 0, 2 0 0, 1 0 T t W W t T Always good for energy ( Diesel = 1,86 MJ /km WtW) 0, 0 0 E V F ra n c e E V G e rm a n y E V E u ro p e E V U S A E V J a p a n E V w o rld E V C h in a Source IREE ( institut pour la recherche sur l énergie) 2003 gco2 / km EV From good to bad for Climate ( Diesel = 142 gco2 /km WtW) EV France EV Germany EV Europe EV USA EV Japan EV world EV China The EV yes but not every where 18 diesel TtW WtT Source ademe / direm 2006

19 SOMMAIRE Introduction, world context PSA Peugeot Citroen s advantages Ecological vehicle strategy technologies choice for Europe Conclusions 19

and consumerisms constraints Aerodynamic properties.

20 Solutions and constraints Powertrain 10% Benefit on specific engine consumption ensured a CO 2 benefit of 15 g Euro 5 & 6 Road Safety ( EuroNcap) Increase efficiency at the level of vehicle Global weight 100kg Benefit on weight ensured a CO2 benefit of 4 g Average weight kg But regulation and consumerisms constraints Aerodynamic properties. 5 dm2 Benefit on SCx ensured a CO2 benefit of 2,5 g Rolling resistance Average SCx 70 dm 2 Pedestrian regulation 10% Benefit on specific engine consumption ensured a CO 2 benefit of 2 g Average cost down 11 kg/t Vehicle drivability and stability 20

1)Internal Combustion Engines: Improve efficiency ICE technologies cost / CO 2 saving To day CO 2 saving % 40 HCCI Double VVT 30 Diesel turbo HDI VVT VVA IDE turbo

21 1)Internal Combustion Engines: Improve efficiency ICE technologies cost / CO 2 saving To day CO 2 saving % 40 HCCI Double VVT 30 Diesel turbo HDI VVT VVA IDE turbo learn burn 20 Double VVT Diesel IDE turbo charger VVT 10 Turbo charger VVT 0 Gasoline atmospheric Extra cost The potentiality of efficiency increase: but with extra cost 21

22 2) PSA hybrid technology : Micro MVEG Fuel consumption* Mild Micro Mild Stop & start - 28 % Full - 21 % Full Gasoline hybrid Diesel hybrid Overhead purchase cost for the customer The benefit and cost for customer *Simulation with same performance car, just change the drive train : Gasoline : Diesel 22

23 2)PSA hybrid technology : Micro Hybrids Stop & Start (C2 / C3) Battery reinforced Alternator-starter Thermal engine Gear box wheels Electronic control 23

24 2)PSA hybrid technology : Micro Hybrids Micro Hybrid (Stop & Start optimise) Battery reinforced Alternator-starter Thermal engine Gear box wheels Refill battery during deceleration Power electronic is include in the back of electric motor 24

2)PSA hybrid technology : Micro Hybrids Stop & Start The best ratio cost / efficiency in city: No noise during standby. Decrease CO 2 up to 15% in city use.

25 2)PSA hybrid technology : Micro Hybrids Stop & Start The best ratio cost / efficiency in city: No noise during standby. Decrease CO 2 up to 15% in city use. - 0,7 to -1,0 l/100 km in urban use, very low overhead purchase cost for the customer. The first evolution of hybridisation. PSA Peugeot Citroën large deployment plan on gasoline & diesel engine start on 2010 with 1.1 million vehicle sold /year. 25

26 2)PSA hybrid technology : Full Hybrids Hymotion 2 Full Hybrid Battery reinforced Alternator-starter Thermal engine Electric motor Gear box wheels C4 hybrid HDI 3,4 l /km 90g CO2 / km Electric energy storage Ni-MH High voltage batteries Power electronic High energy recovery during deceleration high boost during acceleration + full electric mode 26

2)PSA hybrid technology : Full hybrid HYmotion 4 1 Electric motor 2 Power battery 3 BMU 4 Power electronic 5 High voltage STT 6 Sensodrive gear box 7 Diesel HDI from 1,6 to 2,2 l 4-wheel drive

27 2)PSA hybrid technology : Full hybrid HYmotion 4 1 Electric motor 2 Power battery 3 BMU 4 Power electronic 5 High voltage STT 6 Sensodrive gear box 7 Diesel HDI from 1,6 to 2,2 l 4-wheel drive Comfort during ratio change Flexibility to adapt drive train to other thermal engine and other levels of electrical power. Improvement of the CO2 profit (better beach of mode in recuperation of energy) Maximum efficiency of the HDi engine on motorway (>120km/h automatic disconnection of electric motor to remove the electromagnetic losses and frictions). 27

28 2)PSA hybrid technology : HYmotion 4 Concept Citroën HYPNOS motorisation hybrid HDI 200 hp (147 kw) Consumption: 4,5 l/100 km CO2/km : 120 g Concept Prologe Peugeot motorisation hybrid HDI 200 hp (147 kw) Consumption: 4,1 l/100 km CO2/km : 109 g 28

29 3)Electric vehicles: PSA background EV sold from 1989 to

30 3)PSA electric technology : PSA Venturi Battery located in the front compartment. (Zebra battery). 110 km/h, and 100 km range in real conditions. 2 vehicles delivered to la Poste company, 5 others to deliver at the end of December. Supplier choice and order for 250 to 500 units in May-June

31 3)PSA electric technology : MMC cooperation o use of MMC electric drive train on PSA car. o cooperation project in progress conclusion for end of 2008 o Target : commercialisation EV in Europe 31

32 3)PSA electric technology : Plug in hybrid o less expensive than EV (small battery) o With 50km they can drive every day in electric mode o full polyvalent vehicle o introduction possible:

development of the electric-powered vehicles, New energy storage technologies, in particular the batteries Lithium-ion,

33 3)PSA electric technology : Partnership EDF - PSA Peugeot Citroen on electric and Hybrid plugin vehicles This cooperation agreement relates to several technological actions: The definition of the economic models allowing to support the commercial development of the electric-powered vehicles, New energy storage technologies, in particular the batteries Lithium-ion, Vehicles charge systems, communication protocols between the vehicles and the network during the refilling and their standardization. 33

34 4)PSA Fuel cell technology : road map Research on fuel cell system breakthroughs Cost Durability Vehicle Integration (Storage H 2 ) Infrastructure H 2 large scale Production FC vehicles with on board H 2 storage Intelligent Energy 3 ème GENEPAC FISYPAC Generation 4 ème Generation 5 ème Generation The first most probable uses: are range extender electric-powered vehicles 34

35 SOMMAIRE Introduction, world context PSA Peugeot Citroen s advantages Ecological vehicle strategy technologies choice for Europe Conclusions 35

36 Conclusions: more ecological car for each Pragmatic plan from To day and for a long time: Improvements of ICE efficiency for gasoline and low emission for diesel Introduction of Bio fuels and CNG. Large scale introduction of Stop and Start on gasoline and diesel engine. to achieve further reduction (2010 and more) High cost and complexity of hybrid technologies means implementation on medium premium vehicles and large premium vehicles. PHEV will be a solution between Hybrid and EV. EV are sustainable for city use introduction will be possible for niche market. After oil domination new technologies & new energy network( FCV & H2) 36

37 Conclusions: ecological affordable car gasoline Today Tomorrow After tomorrow 175 Gasoline Stop & Start over head cost / gasoline engine CNG E85* HDi+FAP HDi+FAP B30** HDi+FAP Stop & Start Hybrid gasoline Goal Hybrid HDi+FAP WtW g/km CO 2 for medium car (308 Peugeot) *E85 from sugar beet, ** B30 from colza WtW base on EUCAR /CONCAVE/JRC data 308 Peugeot : CO 2 g/km MVEG Gasoline 1,6 VTI = 159 Diesel +FAP 1,6HDI= 125 Hybrid HDi +FAP B30** Electric vehicle Fuel Cell vehicle?? 37

38 Green Innovation Hybrid and electric vehicles, energy storage technologies and control systems National and international R&D-projects, research institutions and funding programs Vienna, October 21 st 2008 in cooperation with and JOSEPH BERETTA Mondial 2008 Paris The ecological affordable car for each

39 Contact Joseph Beretta, delegate energies and technologies PSA Peugeot Citroën Address: 75 avenue de la Grande Armée Paris France Tel: Fax: web: joseph.beretta@mpsa.com 39

40 Thank you for your attention!!!!! 40

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