Sustainable Urban Transport Index SURAT

Transcription

1 Surat Municipal Corporation Sustainable Urban Transport Index SURAT Dr. Rajesh J Pandya Deputy Municipal Commissioner September 12 th, 2018 Dhaka

2 Sustainable Urban Transport Index SUTI A comprehensive framework to measure and monitor urban transport performance WRT SDG Defines the status of the city transport WRT Indicators Comparison with other cities in the Asia Pacific Region Monitor Progress An ongoing process periodically to be carried out Collects data for comparative purposes Enables Identification of deficiencies Set targets Enables to identify good practices & lessons To receive feedback on indicators, Max Min limits, Data base, Strategies 2

3 Presentation Structure City Overview Current Status of Urban Transport and Services Approach for SUTI Data Collection for Indicators SUTI Indicators Calculation Analysis of indicator Conclusion Draft not to be quoted

4 City Overview Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) : Sq. km area 7 Zones 89 Wards Population (2016)*: 52 lakhs Density (2016) : 376 pph Employment (2016)*: 25 lakhs WorkForce Participation Ratio (WPR) (2016): 40% Registered Vehicles (2016)** : lakhs * Estimated based on household survey, 2016 ** RTO data, 2016

5 Surat that depended on IPT...before 2007 City Overview 40,000 auto rickshaws operating like public transport!

6 Surat with Limited Public Transport 2007 City Overview Introduction of City Bus services in 2007 Challenge for Surat to create Sustainable High Quality Public Transport

7 City Overview Integrated Multimodal Public Transport System BRTS City Bus High Mobility Corridor

8 Surat with Limited Public Transport 2007 City Overview

9 Current Status of Urban Transport & Services Major Road Network 664 km Major Road Network congested 14% (72 km) Public Transport (PT) Network 376 km BRTS : 102 km City bus: 274 km PT Network coverage 87% (SMC) Intermediate Public Transport (Auto) Network registered auto 8.6 lakh trips 52 shared auto routes Average Travel Speeds 2 wheeler 30 kmph 3 wheeler 25 kmph PT 20 kmph Air Quality 0.18 tonnes/year Per capita GHG emission Accidents 273 Fatal 327 Serious 190 Minor

10 Approach for SUTI Data Collection Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport in commuting Public transport quality and reliability Traffic fatalities per 1,00,000 inhabitants Indicator Indicator Indicator Indicator Indicator 4 5 Affordability travel costs as share of income Operational costs of the public transport system Investment in public transportation systems Air quality (PM 10) Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Indicator Indicator Indicator Indicator Indicator 10

11 Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes 1 Materials to derive the indicator: Comprehensive Mobility Plan Surat 2046, prepared in 2018, Surat Municipal Corporation and COE CRDF CEPT

12 Comprehensive Mobility Plan Proposals Vision for Surat 2046 SARAL Safe Accessible Reliable Advanced and Low carbon mobility in Surat Proposals Improving Street Network Integrated Multi Modal Public Transport System Transit Oriented Development 4 Pedestrians and Cyclists 5 Safety and Security 6 Urban Freight Management Strategic Goals & Policy Directions 7 Fiscal Measures

13 Proposal 1: Improving Street Network Road widths >=18m are proposed as Transit Streets with central bus stops and public transport given priority along the network. Sr. no. Proposed Character Values 1 Street Network (in Kms) New Network 513 Improved Existing Network River Bridges (in numbers) 7 3 Rail Over cum Under Bridges (in numbers) 37 Figure 1: Proposed Road Network 4 Transit Streets (>=18 m) (in Kms) 889

14 Proposal 2: Integrated Multi Modal Public Transport System A. City Bus and BRTS B. BRTS Existing city bus network 274 km and additional 430 km by 2046 Existing BRT 102 km another 100 km proposed as a part of the Plan. All roads 18 m and above to be developed as transit streets. This will increase the accessibility to transit by 23% thereby predicting a public transit ridership of 36 lakhs per day by C. Surat Metro D. High Mobility Corridor A 73 Km of metro network is being proposed connecting the existing and proposed major economic centers. The alternative analysis identifies three potential corridors as metro corridors. a) Dream City to Kamrej (28.9 Km) b) Bhesan to Umbhel (26.3 Km) c) Majuragate to Karamala (15.8 Km) A 12 km. high mobility corridor is also proposed along the inner ring road of Surat, with BRT/LRT as the preferred mode to cater to the high mobility demand of the core area of the city. E. Feeder System F. Fare Integration An initial fleet of 40 rickshaws known as Pink Autos, which are operated by women are deployed as feeder system in the old city. An Integrated Fare system allows the transfer between multiple public transport modes with a single ticket Figure 2: Proposed Public Transport Network

15 Proposal 3: Transit Oriented Development Plan focusses to improve walkability in transit area thereby encouraging the use of public transport TOD corridor width of 200m long on either side of the public transport will bring about 140sq.km of area within 72 TOD zones. A sensitive Local Area Plan (LAP) can incentivize the redevelopment within TOD A properly designed Local Area Plan of TOD zones will make the 140 sq.km of area within 2.5 mins of walkable distance from the transit corridor. TOD allows increased Value Capture from development along the transit corridors FSI of 4 (1.8 base and 2.2 chargeable FSI) is provided in the Transit Zones of Surat Enhance the use of Public Transport by investing in Transit Oriented Development It is estimated that Rs 20,000 to 30,000 crores will be generated through TOD by 2046.

16 Proposal 4: Pedestrians and Cyclists The plan proposes 488 Kms of footpaths above 1.8m and 288 Km of cycle network is identified with lane marking. High priority has been assigned to accidentprone areas and streets with high pedestrian volumes. The street network with adequate width but lacking walkability in the city must be renovated. The plan proposes introduction of bicycle sharing systems with 1600 cycles, at old city having 40 bike docking points points while the Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT) has eight major docking stations. Developing Non Motorised Transportation and encouraging transit network with complete street pedestrian facilities and public plazas Awareness campaigns and initiatives that help propagate the idea of walking and bicycling in the city is to be taken up.

17 Proposal 5: Safety As part of the mobility management measures proposed, accident management is a key one. 1. Design improvement and Junction Signalisation: A total of 257 junctions have been identified (79 for improvement and 178 for signalisation). 2. Setting up of speed limits for the city: To reduce the road fatalities, it is proposed that National Highways have a speed limit of 65 kmph whereas in the case of urban city roads, all major roads should have a limit of 55 kmph, sub arterial and collector roads 45 kmph. In the case of the old city, local streets and gamtal areas, the speeds are further reduced to 30 kmph. 3. Accident Monitoring Cell: The Traffic Police Department needs to institute a GIS based accident management cell which would look at analysing accidents, monitoring and devise strategies to reduce the same. Figure 1: Phasing of Junction Improvement

18 Proposal 6: Urban Freight Management The objective of freight management in context of this plan is to Improve freight mobility within the overall transport sector priorities of facilitating urban mobility and public safety. New outer ring road for through freight and vehicular traffic Textile corridor with logistic park proposed near Palsana to help reduce freight vehicle intrusion into the city Entry Exit restrictions for freight vehicles (HCVs and MCVs): It is recommended to allow freight vehicles (HCVs and MCVs) from 9pm to 6am only. Parking regulations: Strict enforcement for regulating on street parking Provisioning for farm to market: strengthen the linkages between the farm and the market new location of APMC Market closer to DFC Corridor. Figure 1: Textile Corridor

19 Proposal 7: Fiscal Measures Economic measures such as taxation, fare regulation, value capture, parking charges and congestion charging have been suggested as part of the CMP. Environment Improvement Tax: As per GPMC Act, Clause No. 127 and 129 transport user charge can be levied in integration with property tax. It is proposed to levy the transport users charge named as Environment Improvement Tax. Value capture: As mentioned earlier as a part of the TOD proposal about 20,000 30,000Cr could be generated as a part of the same. Fare regulations: Automated fare revisions are also proposed to be taken up at regular intervals for the transit systems to operate efficiently. Congestion Pricing: An area based congestion pricing is proposed as medium and long term proposal for the old city area. In area based pricing, all the roads that come under the old city area will be liable tobetakencongestionpricing. Figure 1: Congestion Charging Zone

20 Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes PROPSOSED CATEGORIES/TABLE FOR CALCULATING THIS INDICATOR (SEE SECTION 3.1 IN THE GUIDELINE) 1 RESULTS Aspects Explanation Score I) walking networks(*) (418km) The goals are ambitious, with much designation over city. The Comprehensive mobility plan 2046 for Surat city do envisages increased walking networks with secured new funding 3 II) cycling networks(**) (288 km) III) Intermodal transfer facilities(***) (36 Interchanges) Cycling networks are existing in present scenario, and plan foresees greater networks along major corridors allocated with phasing and have realistic budget 3 Seamless mobility has been a priority of the plan and factors leading to intermodal transfers like interchanges, integration of modes, fares and feeder services are given due consideration with secured new funding 4 IV) public transport (****) (213km of rapid transit corridor and 899 km city bus network) Present public transport mode share is not predominant and thus ambitious goals are indeed set with increased mode share and greater investments with secured funding is proposed in the plan 4 Total (sum) 14 References * As mentioned in section of CMP Surat (2018) * * As mentioned in section of CMP Surat (2018) * * * As mentioned in section of CMP Surat (2018) * * * * As mentioned in section 9.3 of CMP Surat (2018) Sr. No. 1 Indicators Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Natural Normalization Weights units MIN MAX 0 16 scale

21 Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Materials to derive the indicator: 2 Comprehensive Mobility Plan Surat 2046, prepared in 2018, Surat Municipal Corporation and COE CRDF CEPT Total 13,563 Household Survey (2016) (1.09% sample) Considering auto rickshaws(para Transit) and Institutional Buses in Public Transport share as they act as formal Public Transport in Surat

22 Household Survey (2016) (work and education) Remarks: * Includes BRTS, Bus and GSRTC services * * Includes Three-Wheeler, Company Bus, School Van, School/ College bus, School Rickshaw * * * Includes Private buses and Others Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Method 1 PURPOSE COMMUTING (WORK AND EDUCATION) MODE Trip Rate Trips a. Scheduled bus and minibus (*) b. Train, metro, tram c. Ferry d. Other public e. Public transport f. Walking g. Bicycle h. Active transport (f+g) i. Passenger car j. Taxi 0 0 k. Motorcycle l. Scooter/moped 0 0 m. Para transit (unscheduled) (**) n. Other motorized (trucks,etc) (***) o. Individual motorized (i+j+k+l+m+n) p. Total (e+h+o) q. Public and active (e+h) r. Modal share of active and public transport 29.0 Sr. No. 2 2 Final vehicle ownership Surat Cycles 2 wheelers cars HHs Population Veh/1kpopn Nos Indicators Census Travel diary (2011) Work trips Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Natural Normalization Weights units MIN MAX % of trips

23 Modal share of active and public transport in commuting 2 Method 2 (Considering auto rickshaws(para Transit) and Institutional Buses in Public Transport share as they act as formal Public Transport in Surat) Household Survey (2016) (work and education) PURPOSE COMMUTING (WORK AND EDUCATION) MODE Trip Rate Trips a. Scheduled bus and minibus (*) b. Train, metro, tram c. Ferry d. Other public e. Public transport f. Walking g. Bicycle h. Active transport (f+g) i. Passenger car j. Taxi 0 0 k. Motorcycle l. Scooter/moped 0 0 m. Para transit (unscheduled) 0 0 n. Other motorized (trucks,etc) o. Individual motorized (**) (i+j+k+l+m+n) p. Total (e+h+o) q. Public and active (e+h) r. Modal share of active and public transport 52.2 Remarks: Includes BRTS, Bus, GSRTC services, Three-wheel auto rickshaws(para Transit) and Institutional Buses as they act as formal Public Transport * * Individual Motorized include the Passenger car and two wheeler Sr. No. 2 Indicators Census Travel diary (2011) Work trips Final vehicle ownership Surat Cycles 2 wheelers cars HHs Population Veh/1kpopn Nos Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Natural Normalization Weights units MIN MAX % of trips

24 Convenient access to public transport in commuting 3 Materials to derive the indicator: Performance Assessment of Public Transport in Surat Quarterly reports 6 (on going)

25 Convenient access to public transport in commuting 3 Methodology 1. Taz wise Population estimated from Household survey (2016) Operational Stop location (2018) ; 3. Build buffer of 500m around the stop/stations 4. Calculated the % of population within the buffer of 500 m for SMC area Results Network Length (km) Coverage area with a buffer of 500m on either side (Km2) Pop. Density (inh/km2) Inhabitants # ,25,717 Total Population (2016) 52,13,426 % within 500m buffers Sr. No. 3 Indicators Convenient access to public transport service Natural Normalization Weights units MIN MAX % of population

26 Public transport Quality and Reliability 4 Materials to derive the indicator: Performance Assessment of Public Transport in Surat Quarterly reports 5

27 Public transport Quality and Reliability 4 APPROCH Methodology 1. As per the indicator mentioned survey should have alteast 30% of women composition. (1000 respondents with 35.2% women composition) 2. All the major boarding bus stations have been included for the survey with proportionate samples 3. The time of survey is at peak hours of 8 11am, 5 8pm, 30% off peak hour is also included 4. The survey is done at both station and on board. Results 1. The overall rating of BRTS system is 8 for Quarter 5 and that of City Bus System is 8.24

28 Public transport Quality and Reliability 4 Dissatisfied Satisfied RESULTS Dimension RESP SATISF Frequency of the service Punctuality (delay) * Comfort and cleanliness of vehicles Safety of vehicles Convenience of stops/stations Availability of information Personnel courtesy Fare level Responses Remarks: * For the parameter "Punctuality", the survey data for "Breakdowns" were available, therefore in the satisfy column respondents disagreed to breakdown has been considered. Natural Normalization Sr. No. Indicators Weights units MIN MAX 4 Public transport quality and reliability % satisfied Note: Decimal points used to allow reproduction in US format for report

29 Traffic fatalities per 1,00,000 inhabitants 5 Materials to derive the indicator: Comprehensive Mobility Plan Surat 2046, prepared in 2018, Surat Municipal Corporation and COE CRDF CEPT Traffic Police Department, 2018

30 Traffic fatalities per 1,00,000 inhabitants 5 Status of Fatalities and Serious Injuries over the period Years Fatalities Serious Injuries Fatalities Number Road transport 239 Railway transport 0 Tram 0 Ferryboats 0 Other 0 Total 257 Inhabitants Fatalities/100,000 inhabitants 4.6 Year 2017 fatalities Natural Normalization Sr. No. Indicators Weights units MIN MAX 5 Traffic fatalities per inhabitants # fatalities Note: Decimal points used to allow reproduction in US format for report

31 Affordability travel costs as share of income 6 Materials to derive the indicator: Performance Assessment of Public Transport in Surat Quarterly reports 5 (2018) Household Survey, 2016 (15777 household surveyed )

32 Affordability travel costs as share of income 6 DISTRIBUTION OF HH ACCORDING TO INCOME GROUP PERCENTAGE OF INCOME SPENT ON TRANSPORTATION Income Category in Rs. Number of sample HH Percentage < > Grand Total % The average expenditure on transport is around 8% of the household income in the study area Around 17% of households having income less than 15,000 per month, end up spending about 15% or more of their income on public transportation. This indicates that affordability could be an issue in case of poor households

33 Affordability travel costs as share of income 6 Services Monthly Ridership Market shares Single ticket price Monthly cost (60 tickets) Weighted monthly cost City Bus BRT Total Mean household income, ,900 (considering income level below i.e. 14% household) Affordability 5.6 Source: Surat Sitilink Ltd Natural Normalization Sr. No. Indicators Weights units MIN MAX Affordability travel costs as share of % of income income Note: Decimal points used to allow reproduction in US format for report

34 Operational costs of the public transport system 7 Materials to derive the indicator: Performance Assessment of Public Transport in Surat Quarterly reports 5 (2018) Revenue and Expense sheet, Surat Sitilink Ltd.

35 Operational costs of the public transport system 7 Services Fare Revenue Expenses Fare box ratio Daily Passenger share (%) City bus 22,419,279 43,761,059 51% BRT 23,950,878 41,061,366 58% Total 46,370,157 84,822, Source: Surat Sitilink Ltd Natural Normalization Sr. No. Indicators Weights units MIN MAX Cost Operational costs of the public transport 7 recovery system ratio Note: Decimal points used to allow reproduction in US format for report

36 Investment in public transportation systems 8 Materials to derive the indicator: Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC)

37 Investment in public transportation systems 8 INVESTMENTS BY THE CITY average PUBLIC TRANSPORT FACILITIES (Rs in Cr) TOTAL TRANSPORT (Rs in Cr) SHARE (in %) 32 Natural Normalization Sr. No. Indicators Weights units MIN MAX % of total 8 Investment in public transportation systems invest ment Note: Decimal points used to allow reproduction in US format for report

38 Air quality (PM 10) 9 Materials to derive the indicator: GPCB Annual Report Draft not to be quoted

39 Zoning Map Air quality (PM 10) 9 Methodology 1. Air monitoring station location given in GPCB reports were considered 2. Zoning area were defined based on the wind direction in the city considering SMC zone boundary and ward boundary 3. Population covered within the individual zones were Draft not calculated to be quoted PM10 (yearly Population Population (%) Sr. No. Station location mean) (in area) 1 SVR College GIDC Pandesara BRC, Udhana(Darshan Processors) Air India Building Delhi Gate Police Chowki Hi Choice Processers, Sachin Total city population Population weighted concentration Natural Normalization Sr. No. Indicators Weights Units MIN MAX 9 Air quality (pm10) μg/m Note: Decimal points used to allow reproduction in US format for report

40 Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 10 Materials to derive the indicator: Goods vehicles estimates from activity survey (I I) and RSI surveys at cordons (I E/E I), 2016 Passengers vehicles details and average trip length estimations from Household surveys, 2016 Report on Emission Factor development for Indian Vehicles, ARAI Pune Report 2008 CPCB and Toolkit for Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) Revised 2014.

41 Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 10 Household Survey Activity survey and RSI survey Mode Trip length (km) Total Veh. VKT 2016 Emissions (tons/day) 2Wh (Petrol) Wh (CNG) Wh Petrol Diesel CNG Buses (Deisel & Electric) Company Bus/ Pvt. Bus/ School College Buses 3w Goods LCV (4W Temp) HCV (Multi axle trucks, tractor) Total CO CO2 Year 2016 Total (tons/day) Modes CO CO2 Pass. Vehicles Goods Vehicles HCV LCV Total GHG Emissions (CO+Co2) Total Vehicle (Passenger + Freight) Tons/day Tons/year (per capita) 0.18 Natural Normalization Sr. No. Indicators Weights units MIN MAX 10 Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Tons/cap Note: Decimal points used to allow reproduction in US format for report

42 Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 10 E I and I E Good Demand from Cordon and RSI Survey Locations (2016) External Traffic Composition APPROCH Mode India 2000 BS-II BS-III BS-IV 2Wh (Petrol) 10% 60% 30% 3Wh (CNG) 10% 60% 30% 4Wh 10% 50% 40% Petrol ( 60% ) 8% 40% 20% Diesel ( 40% ) 2% 10% 10% CNG 10% Electric Buses (Deisel & Electric) 20% 80% Company Bus/ Pvt. Bus/ School-College 20% 80% Buses 3w Goods 20% 80% LCV (4W Temp) 20% 80% HCV (Multi axle trucks, trucks, tractor) 20% 80% Total

43 Sr. No Indicators Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Modal share of active and public transport in commuting Convenient access to public transport service Public transport quality and reliability Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Affordability travel costs as share of income Operational costs of the public transport system Investment in public transportation systems Inputs Natural Wei Range units ghts MIN MAX VALUE YEAR COMMENTS ABOUT DATA SOURCES OR ISSUES RELEVANT FOR INTERPRETATION 0 16 scale % of trips % of population % satisfied Comprehensive Mobility Plan Surat 2046, prepared in 2018, Surat Municipal Corporation and COE CRDF CEPT Comprehensive Mobility Plan Surat 2046, prepared in 2018, Surat Municipal Corporation and COE CRDF CEPT ; Total Household Survey (2016) (1.15% sample) Calculated for SMC area not considered the routes connecting the suburban region Performance Assessment of Public Transport in Surat Quarterly reports 5 (2018) # fatalities Service level Benchmarking for Indian Cities, 2016 CoE UT, CEPT % of income Cost recovery ratio % of total investment Air quality (pm10) μg/m Performance Assessment of Public Transport in Surat Quarterly reports 5 (2018) ; Household Survey, 2016 (average household income within SMC) Performance Assessment of Public Transport in Surat Quarterly reports 5 (2018) ; Revenue and Expense sheet, Surat Sitilink Ltd sources: GPCB Annual Report Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Tons/cap GHG emissions were calculated for study area MUST SUM TO 1 0.0

44 Outputs 1 2 C1 RESULT SPIDER DIAGRAM Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Modal share of active and public transport in commuting With Paratransit Without Paratransit Convenient access to public transport service Public transport quality and reliability Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 9. Air quality (pm10) With Paratransit 1. Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Without Paratransit 2. Modal share of active and public transport in commuting 3. Convenient access to public transport service 6 Affordability travel costs as part of income Operational costs of the public transport system Investment in public transportation systems 4. Public transport quality and reliability 8 Investment in public transportation systems Operational costs of the public transport system 5. Traffic fatalities per inhabitants 9 Air quality (pm10) Greenhouse gas emissions from transport Affordability travel costs as part of income SUTI INDEX RESULT Geometric mean 60.50

45 10. Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 9. Air quality (pm10) 8. Investment in public transportation 7. Operational costs of the public transport system 1. Extent to which transport plans cover public Affordability travel costs as part of income 10. Greenhouse gas emissions 9. Air quality (pm10) 8. Investment in public 7. Operational costs of the Kathmandu 1. Extent to which transport plans Affordability travel costs as 2. Modal share of active and public transport in 3. Convenient access to public transport service 4. Public transport quality and reliability 5. Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Western Region Sri Lanka Comparison with Other Cities 10. Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 9. Air quality (pm10) 8. Investment in public transportation 7. Operational costs of the public transport system 1. Extent to which transport plans cover public Affordability travel costs as part of income Greater Jakarta Hanoi Geometric mean: Geometric mean: Geometric mean: Modal share of active and public 3. Convenient access to public 4. Public transport quality and 5. Traffic fatalities per Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 9. Air quality (pm10) 8. Investment in public transportation systems 7. Operational costs of the public transport system 2. Modal share of active and public transport in 3. Convenient access to public transport service 4. Public transport quality and reliability 5. Traffic fatalities per inhabitants 1. Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal Greenhouse gas emissions from transport 9. Air quality (pm10) 8. Investment in public transportation 7. Operational costs of the public transport system 2. Modal share of active and public transport in commuting 3. Convenient access to public transport service 4. Public transport quality and reliability 5. Traffic fatalities per inhabitants 6. Affordability travel costs as part of income 1. Extent to which transport plans cover public Affordability travel costs as part of income 2. Modal share of active and public transport in 3. Convenient access to public transport service 4. Public transport quality and reliability 5. Traffic fatalities per inhabitants Geometric mean: 32.7 Surat Geometric mean: 60.50

46 Perspectives Index 2. Low Public Transport Ridership CurrenteffortsofSMC(SuratMunicipalCorporation)to promote public transport through bus procurement, metro rail building etc., are justified Index 4. Operational Cost Recovery Surat is making efforts to build market for formal public transport in the city of Surat. Recovery levels are likely to increase with increase in ridership. It may also be noted that some gap in the revenue expenditure is likely to remain. This needs to be including the viability gap of the state government. filled up from other sources Index 9. GHG emissions from the transport sector is low, because of shorter motorized trips and higher share of active mobility trips. This is likely to be maintained as cities mobility plan integrates land use transport and focusses on multimodal public transport and active modes. With the manufacturing as economic base, high levels of PM10 is on the expected line. Contribution from transport sector is low as trip lengths are shorter. Efforts are underway to introduce electric mobility in the city. Draft- not to be quoted

47 Perspectives City s vision towards sustainability mobility is very well articulated in its Comprehensive Mobility Plan. Though, Fatality rates are lower, plans to bring down further through management and educational measures as well as introduction of technology are being implemented. The city government is committed towards development of public transport and active mobility, which may be seen in high levels of public transport investment share. Draft- not to be quoted

48 THANK YOU