ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN MOTORSPORTS:

Transcription

1 ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN MOTORSPORTS: Long Past, Modest Present, Bright Future? David A. Erb ASES World Renewable Energy Forum 16 May 2012

2 Who Is Dave Erb? college professor UNC Asheville) automotive engr. (energy and emissions) HEVs since 1986, specialize in EVs/HEVs since early '90s Asheville Transit Commission Sierra Club Green Transportation Team racer and auto enthusiast

3 Today's Agenda A Future Worth Creating Impediments to PEV Adoption The PEV-PV Opportunity The Role of Motorsports Brief History of EV Racing Desirable Attributes of EV Race Series Open Discussion / Q&A

4 Steps to Sustainable Transportation 1) reduce VMT 2) use vehicles more productively 3) improve vehicle technology powertrain electrification 4) shift to renewable energy source(s) emphasizing photovoltaic distributed generation

5 + = 5 miles / day + 0*(OPEC)

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7 Impediments to PEV Adoption 1) technological limitations 2) societal inertia 3) mis- and dis-information 4) misguided messaging

8 The PEV-PV Opportunity positive messaging demonstration / modeling fashion, not finance e-motion rules!

9 Is NASCAR (or any other form of racing) the enemy?

10 Is NASCAR the Enemy? What's the fuel mileage of a NASCAR Sprint Cup racecar? 2 to 5 miles per gallon (depending on track) What's the fuel mileage of a kayak? mountain bike? pair of hiking boots? Are we asking the right question?

11 Is NASCAR the Enemy? How far could NASCAR fans travel on the gas burned by the cars in the race? ~ 6,000 gallons race gas per event, average 120,000 fans, all carpooling, 4 per Prius (50 mi/gal) (6000 gal) / (30,000 cars) = 10 mi / car How far do people travel to kayak? hike? ride mountain bikes? Who holds the moral high ground?

12 E(lectric)-MOTION! U.S. licensed drivers million 2008 (source: Fed'l. Highway Admin.) U.S. auto enthusiasts (est.) - 5 million combined 2003 circulation of six auto enthusiast magazines within the top 200 U.S. magazine titles (source: Advertising Age) active U.S. racers (est.) K fewer than 1000 at "high" levels

13 Q: Will sustainable transportation be boring? A: People who want boring transportation will still be able to find it.

14 Panoz Q9 (1998) Toyota TS Hours of Le Mans / American Le Mans Series Porsche 911 GT3 R Audi R18

15 First U.S. Auto Race Cranston, RI on 7 Sept 1896 two EVs and five ICEVs won by Andrew Riker (2 nd place also went to EV)

16 World Solar Challenge 1990 GM Sunrayce and World Solar Challenge 1991 Solar & Electric 500 (SERA : Solar & Electric Racing Association)

17 Electric Vehicle Technology Competitions University of Idaho EVTC Street Stock class Camaro 1 st place APS Electrics

18 EVTC Formula Lightning class UCEVRT University Spec class

19 Cliff Rassweiler ( SCCA SPU / DM class Subaru Impreza

20 wheel-driven LSR - Don Vesco, mph (Oct. 2001) outright LSR (Nov. 1937) to mph (Aug. 1938) Buckeye Bullet mph (Aug. 2010) Ohio State University "Buckeye Bullet" U.S. Electric Land Speed Record mph (Oct. 2004)

21 "La Jamais Contente" outright LSR holder - Camille Jenatzy, mph (Apr. 1899)

22 outright record - 9: (Nobuhiro Tajima, 2011); was 12:56.70 in 1961, 12:05.80 in 1962 (both Bobby Unser) bottom to top: 9390 ft - 14,110 ft miles 156 turns, mixed surfaces (all paved in 2012) Summit HER-02 Electric Record Holder - Pikes Peak International Hill Climb 12: (Ikuo Hanawa, 2011)

23 factory production Nissan Leaf 14:33 (2011) outright records - 14:39.70 (1954) 14:27.20 (1955)

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26 National Electric Drag Racing Association Shawn Lawless' "Rocket" NEDRA Records s at mph (Apr. 2011) NHRA historic milestones: trap speed mph (Feb. 1959) E.T (Feb. 1964), 6.97 s (May 1967)

27 Desired EV Race Series Attributes portability / replicability appropriate duty cycle awareness of public perceptions financial / logistical viability bias toward participation

28 Appropriate Duty Cycle relevant technology development problems with drag race and oval track formats road racing full performance (accel, decel, lateral, top speed) safer than other wheel-to-wheel formats significant duration (100 km / 60 min) inaugural SERA event (oval) was 200 km / 2 hr. EPA range of a Tesla ~ 220 miles (350 km)

29 Public Perceptions no battery exchanges!!! reinforce perception of limited range minimize the value of regen braking dramatically raise the cost of competing don't worry about speed absence of noise is deceptive full fields / close racing more exciting no spec series technological diversity adds interest

30 Financial / Logistical Viability existing sanctioning bodies existing events (at least at beginning) limited number of events per season limited geographic scope

31 Bias Toward Participation grassroots level = staying power focus on safety strong no-contact enforcement (like vintage racing) no prize money if sponsorship available, pay appearance money communicate vision for rules evolution road cars to sports racers (like early SCCA mods) race distance increases to control speed

32 and think slow!

33 Contact Information Dave Erb UNC Asheville Engineering Campus Box 2360 Asheville, NC (828)

34 There are only two kinds of sports: minor sports, and motorsports. Dean Case

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