Future Powertrain Conference 28 February 2018

Transcription

1 Future Powertrain Conference 28 February 2018 High Performance EVs: The Ultimate Threat to the ICE? Nick Carpenter Engineering Director, Delta Motorsport Delta Motorsport

2 WHAT DOES HIGH PERFORMANCE MEAN? Credit : Bugatti, Pagani Automobili, Autocar, Hennessey Performance, Evo, Porsche Delta Motorsport

3 WHAT DOES HIGH PERFORMANCE MEAN? Credit : Bugatti, Pagani Automobili, Autocar, Hennessey Performance, Evo, Porsche Delta Motorsport

4 WHAT DOES HIGH PERFORMANCE MEAN? Some Standard Metrics : EV vs ICE Acceleration Top speed Country roads (agility) Track performance (Dunsfold or Nurburgring??) Range? Delta Motorsport

5 IMPORTANT FACTORS IN ACHIEVING PERFORMANCE In no particular order Torque Power (torque to what rpm?) No of driven wheels Aero (drag vs downforce) Mass Mass distribution (F-R) Centre-of-gravity height Grip (incl tyres) Energy storage (=range) Delta Motorsport

6 IMPORTANT FACTORS IN ACHIEVING PERFORMANCE In no particular order Torque Power (torque to what rpm?) No of driven wheels Aero (drag vs downforce) Mass Mass distribution (F-R) Centre-of-gravity height Grip (incl tyres) Energy storage (=range) Delta Motorsport

7 BATTERY CELL COMPROMISES The Unfortunate Tetrahedron Credit : Dan Steingart on medium.com Delta Motorsport

8 BATTERY CELL DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE Chemistry* Properties / Benefits Research Challenges Solid State Batteries Solid electrolyte and separator components; no concerns over leakage Improved safety due to lack of liquid electrolyte High operating voltages increase potential energy density Lighter and more space efficient; less need for cooling Improving poor conductivity High volume manufacturing at acceptable cost Metal Air Batteries e.g. Li, Al, Zn, Na Lithium Sulphur (Li-S) Sodium-ion (Na-ion) Pure metal anode and ambient air/o 2 cathode Very high theoretical capacity Increased safety vs Li-ion No use of heavy metals High theoretical gravimetric energy density Sulphur is a low cost, abundant material Improved safety Sodium is a low cost, abundant material Improved safety for battery transportation Short life cycle Issues with practical rechargeability Air handling Energy density reduces at high power Poor volumetric energy density Issues with power density and discharge rate Issues with cycle life stability Issues of volumetric/gravimetric energy density compared to Li-ion Silicon-Based Electrodes (Si) Si has ~x10 gravimetric capacity compared to graphite Could be lighter and / or store more energy Do not offer long cycle life Practical application constraints *Promising chemistries included are those demonstrating suitable application potential for automotive requirements at lab scale. Credit WMG 2018 Delta Motorsport

9 ARIEL HIPERCAR Delta Motorsport

10 OTHER HIGH PERFORMANCE EVs Credit : Nio, Quiantu Motor, Tesla, Rimac Delta Motorsport

11 THE REAL THREATS TO THE I.C.E. Credits : Financial Tribune, Dundee Evening Telegraph Delta Motorsport

12 I.C.E. CARS : DESTINED TO FOLLOW HORSES?! Delta Motorsport

13 Unit 9 Silverstone Technology Park Silverstone Circuit Northants NN12 8GX Tel : +44 (0) Fax : +44 (0) nick@delta-motorsport.com Delta Motorsport