Panorama Energético Actual. Investigación del Grupo de Electrónica de Potencia de la Universidad de Sevilla

Transcription

1 Panorama nergético Actual Investigación del Grupo de lectrónica de Potencia de la Universidad de Sevilla Dr. Jose I. Leon Departamento de Ingeniería lectrónica Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla (spaña)

2 Prehistoria 1976

3 Prehistoria

4 Prehistoria Grandes centrales eléctricas Uso extensivo del carbón Única fuente renovable es la hidráulica 1976

5 Hace 25 años 1992

6 Hace 25 años

7 Hace 25 años Grandes centrales eléctricas Uso del carbón limitado Única fuente renovable es la hidráulica salvo algún sistema eólico instalado en Tarifa (P<100kW) 1992

8 Hoy dia 2017

9 Hoy dia

10 Current nergy Sector Status How is the current energy sector situation? High demand and fossil fuel dependence Global warming, greenhouse gases effect Search for alternative energy sources Strong economical and political efforts

11 uropean nergy Policy. H2020

12 nergy Storage Systems Challenges in the nergy Scenario Renewable nergy Power Grid Applications Transportation Industrial Applications

13 Renewable nergy Sources

14 20% RS 72 % RS New installed capacity per year (U) MW Source:

15 Forecast of energy production

16 Renewable nergy Systems: Wind nergy Doubly-fed converter DFIG Gearbox Grid Reduced-capacity Converter Small-scale power converter (Less power losses, price, size, weight) Limited speed range (-30% to +20%, typical) Limited control of active P ref and reactive power Q ref Need for slip-rings Need for gear Reduced Ride-through capability Vestas V90 3MW

17 Renewable nergy Systems: Wind nergy Full-converter (with or without gearbox) Gearbox SCIG WRSG PMSG Full-capacity Converter Grid Full-capacity Converter Grid Multipole WRSG/PMSG

18 Renewable nergy Systems: Wind nergy WINDPOWR project MAD (GAMSA Group) DSP Control board developed for a 800 kw variable speed wind turbine MAD A-56

19 Multilevel Converters for Wind Power Back-to-back NPC for wind power systems New control techniques New modulation methods Project Program Leader NATIV

20 Multilevel Converters for Wind Power WCS DIRCT-DRIV, multipole machine Generator 5KV 25 rpm Multilevel Converter : : Transformer 4 KV/110 KV 6 KV Interconnection line Distribution line 30 kw PMM+IM 120rpm Low speed permanent magnet machine scaled for 4MW system Project Program Leader HI-MULTILVL

21 Renewable nergy Systems: Solar nergy

22 Renewable nergy Systems: Solar nergy Centralized Configuration PV Array String Configuration Multi String Configuration Module Configuration (each PV panel integrates its own / converter) PV String Single phase Three phase Single phase Single or Three phase Central inverters 10 kw- 1MW, three-phase, several strings in parallel High efficiency, low cost, low reliability, not optimal MPPT Used for PV power plants String/Multistring inverters kw, typical residential application ach string has its own inverter enabling better MPPT Module inverters W, each panel has its own inverter enabling optimal MPPT Lower efficiency, difficult maintenance Higher cost kwp

23 Photovoltaic nergy R&D Solarkit Project: an efficient house Source:

24 nergy Storage Systems Challenges in the nergy Scenario Renewable nergy Power Grid Applications Transportation Industrial Applications

25 uropean Grid Poor interconnection between countries. It is a barrier for the integration of RS in the U U energy scenario 2010 Source:

26 uropean Grid (Supergrid) Facilitation of a large, sustainable, clean, secure, competitive source of energy Aggregation and smoothing of output ( the wind is always blowing somewhere ) Creation of single electricity market in urope Delivers scale renewable U Targets U energy scenario 2050 Use of FTS and HV systems Source:

27 O2 Smart Grid Research H H HV HV FTS FTS Project Program Leader DNIS S2G SMARTCITY FTS PC: Power lectronic Converter

28 Smart Grid Research Project Program Leader Microgrids Advanced Dynamic Control Architecture and Distributed nergy Optimization Qatar Foundation Texas A&M Qatar

29 HV, a successful solution HV Link is asynchronous Bidirectional PQ control Less expensive for large distances Power independent of the distance Converter More transmitted power Less environmental impact Tolerant to failure or oscillations Meshed HV networks-supergrid Converter Offshore substation Onshore substation

30 Phase A Phase B Phase S Phase T Phase A Phase B Phase S Phase T HV, a successful solution Positive cable A B C R S T V dc V dc Power cell Power cell S c S a _ S c _ S a Negative cable HV based on a multimegawatt Multi Modular Converter (series connection of IGBT power modules) outstanding its modularity, low distortion and low space requirements. xample: Trans Bay Cable project from San Francisco to Pittsburgh (USA) with 53 miles long

31 High Power Systems R&D Integration of renewable energy sources into the distribution grid Three-phase MMC prototype with 54 power cells Distributed Control Intelligent management of big data Project Program Leader ARS

32 FTS Research ML Cascaded Topology Project Program Leader MVFTS

33 nergy Storage Systems Challenges in the nergy Scenario Renewable nergy Power Grid Applications Transportation Industrial Applications

34 Transportation: Airplanes 4 Power source types 3 Power networks on aircraft xample: Power used on A330 Power rationalisation should be feasible lectrical power - Avionics - Commercial - Pumps - De-icing - Lights V-230kVA Hydraulic power - Flight Controls - Landing gear - Braking - Reverse - Doors 240kW-206bars Mechanical power - ngine Fuel Pump - ngine Oil Pump - ngine start 200kW (peak) 100kW (local) lectrical system power around 1MW!! Pneumatic power - Air conditioning - Pressurisation - Ice Protection - ngine start From some bars up to 20bars-1200kW

35 Transportation: lectric Vehicles (required for PHV) PLUG PLUG nergy Storage CHARGING System NRGY STORAG SYSTM INVRTR TRTION MOTOR nergy Storage CHARGING System NRGY STORAG SYSTM INTRNAL COMBUSTION NGIN (IC) TRTION MOTOR TORQU COUPLR TRANSMISSION INVRTR Pure electric vehicle Parallel hybrid electric vehicle (required for PHV) INTRNAL COMBUSTION NGIN (IC) GNRATOR (required for PHV) PLUG nergy Storage CHARGING System RCTIFIR NRGY STORAG SYSTM INVRTR TRTION MOTOR PLUG nergy Storage CHARGING System NRGY STORAG SYSTM INTRNAL COMBUSTION NGIN (IC) INVRTR GNRATOR TRTION MOTOR POWR SPLIT DVIC TORQU COUPLR Series hybrid electric vehicle Series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle

36 Transportation: lectric Vehicles Projects DLFIN I and DLFIN II Hybrid lectric Batteries & Hydrogen Vehicle

37 Transportation: lectric Vehicles Source: Power electronics efficiency optimization Specific design of the electrical machine Hydrogen propulsion supported by batteries Possible extra-support by supercapacitors Project HRCULS Hybrid lectric Batteries & Hydrogen Vehicle Project Program Leader cotrans Cenit Verde Pollux Hércules Delfín Partners:, GRNPOWR, AICIA, HYNRGRN, SODAN, CARBUROS MTALICOS, SANTANA MOTOR, INTA

38 Transportation: Subways Proyecto Singular stratégico Project Program Leader SA2V UC model used: BCAP3000, 3000F/2.7V Number of units: 185 Total Stored nergy: 421Wh. Voltage: P 250Vdc-500Vdc P P Maximum Continuous Current: 200A SC L P P P Depending on the UC voltage level, the peak power is100kw. L SC P Source:

39 Transportation: Railways Project Program Leader SA2V Proyecto Singular stratégico nergy storage using supercapacitors and flywheels (on board & Substations) Regenerative breaking for high-voltage railway applications P SC L P P P P P L SC 500kW, 6000rpm, V=3kV P Source:

40 nergy Storage R&D Proyecto INNPTO Project Program Leader FRROLINRA 3.0 Hybrid energy storage using supercapacitors and batteries Regenerative breaking for electric vehicles charging system Additional support with PV panels

41 nergy Storage R&D State of charge project (SOC) Source:

42 nergy Storage Systems Challenges in the nergy Scenario Renewable nergy Power Grid Applications Transportation Industrial Applications Conclusion?

43 Conclusions XXI Century: nergy Revolution

44 n 25 años 2042

45 n 25 años nergía nuclear? Vehículo eléctrico Uso intensivo de SS nergía GRATIS Internet of nergy 2042

46 From Seville to the World Mejor grupo de investigación en cuanto a highly cited papers en la US Uno de los mejores grupos en cuanto a transferencia de tecnología Reconocido internacionalmente (Awards, I Fellows) Colaboraciones con los mejores centros I+D a nivel mundial

47 I CP-POWRNG, April 4 th - 6 th 2017 Cadiz (South-west coast of Spain) CP-POWRNG

48 Panorama nergético Actual Investigación del Grupo de lectrónica de Potencia de la Universidad de Sevilla Dr. Jose I. Leon Departamento de Ingeniería lectrónica Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla (spaña) Thank you for your attention