Diversifying into Marine Energy. ABB March 2015

Transcription

1 Diversifying into Marine Energy ABB March 2015

2 Structure Integrity, Construction and Manufacturing Solutions for the Process & Marine markets Process & Equipment Marine & Logistics Equipment Manufacturing Integrity & Construction Marine IRM & Shipyard Projects Marine Logistics & Operations

3 Agenda Your experience of diversifying into marine energy: What was the process? What did you have to consider? (Market research, legal, staff training, investment, potential to transfer existing capabilities?) What were the challenges? What tips would you give to others? Are you currently, or do you have an aspiration to engage with any other projects globally?

4 Global Market Potential..is there a Market?

5 Growth Potential Tidal Resource Potential Estimation (Scenarios) Global Economical Potential Pessimistic (P10) Base (P50) Total Practical Resource 95.9 TWh/year TWh/year UK only Technical Potential Pessimistic (P10) Base (P50) Total Technical Resource 16.4 TWh/year 29.0 TWh/year Optimistic (P90) TWh/year Optimistic (P90) 38.4 TWh/year UK only Economical Potential Total Practical Resource Pessimistic (P10) 10.3 TWh/year Sources (adapted from): "UK Tidal Current Resource & Economics", Carbon Trust, Black & Veatch (June, 2011). Base (P50) Optimistic (P90) 20.6 TWh/year 30.0 TWh/year

6 Market? Source : Carbon Trust report Accelerating Marine Energy CTC797 July 2011

7 Status ABB activity to date 10 years and counting Expectation was to optimistic.time scales and cost Costs cannot reduce until scale improves Commercialisation will not happen until Marine Energy competes with other means of Power Generation is this reality?

8 Contrast to PV Solar Investment driven by profit GW Installed 3 GW of Solar installed in UK in % global 5 generation capacity Cumulative Global Installations in PV Solar in GW

9 Solar Generation

10 ABB view ABB are recognized as having expertise in Power Conversion, especially in Wind Turbines 2006 ABB first reviews of Tidal Generation market Early Consultancy phases..most OEMs involved, first Pilot Projects installed at EMEC 2012 Feed Study for Meygen project..budget costing 2013 Design Study and equipment selection and costing Topology changes and rebids 2014 Contract Awarded Build Program 2017 Commissioning 10 years +

11 Innovation Tidal Energy Meygen Project - Scotland Project Overview

12 ABB possible Project set up... Project leader Power Systems Engineering, Build, Install Supply of Shore Substation Discrete Automation and Motion Lead BU Power Electronics Package engineering Generators, Power Electronics, UPS Subsea cables, HV switchgear, Transformers, Protection Power Products Process Automation Control, and Instrumentation LV components LV Switchboard Low Voltage Products

13 Scope of Work MeyGen Onshore Works Package Design and Engineering of the On Shore power substation Design and Engineering and Modelling of Grid connection Site Ground preparation, planning and build Hard standing for Directional Drilling rig Design and Build of Onshore Substation Power Conversion Design and Engineering Production of Four PCS6000 Power Converters HV Switchgear Transformers LV switchgear Commissioning

14 Turbine Topology Basic drive train concepts Doubly-Fed Induction Machine (±30% speed) Squirrel-Cage Induction Machine (0-100% speed) = used in MeyGen project Brushes & slip-rings 30 % Converter + 30 % StatCom Powerelectronics Brushless 100 % Converter Power Permanent Magnet Machine (0-100% speed) Permanent Magnet DD Machine (0-100% speed) 100 % Converter Power Gearless 100 % Converter Power

15 Full Power Converters Key Features G f V variable f V const (50/60 Hz) % speed variability turbine operation at its optimum Decoupling of mechanical parts from the electrical grid maximal drive train damping Full generator control Active and reactive power on the generator side controlled independently from the grid Motor operation for testing and precise rotor positioning Full grid control Different Electrical Frequencies Active and reactive power control for optimal support of the grid grid code compliance High and low voltage ride through

16 Some options available Conventional tidal turbine arrangements A B Offshore LV conversion in nacelle On-shore aggregation C Offshore MV conversion in nacelle Offshore MV without conversion in nacelle Off-shore aggregation On-shore conversion

17 Further Basics Potential options available D OFFSHORE HUB

18 MV and LV Converters Comparison Higher Power Higher Current or Higher Voltage G 690 V... Paralleled LV converters LOWER VOLTAGE HIGHER CURRENTS Modules in parallel More semiconductors, IGBT Availability by redundancy Not optimal for Long Cables to Turbine G 4.1 kv HIGHER VOLTAGE LOWER CURRENTS One single converter handles up to 9 MVA Less semiconductors, IGCT Single MV converter Availability by low parts count As the power increases, MV is the only practical solution Better efficiency for Long turbine Cables

19 MV and LV Converter Comparison ABB s converter portfolio G V Paralleled for larger powers Maximum of 6MW Air or liquid cooled ACS kv / 4.1 kv Multi Turbine Power Electronics G Space optimised Liquid Cooled PCS 6000

20 ABB MV Converter Technology Operating Principle Turbine Control Torque Set Point or Power Set Point Power Factor Set Point or Reactive Power Value (Q) Set Point G = = f V variable f V const (50/60 Hz) Different Electrical Frequencies

21 ABB MV Converter Technology The Modular Concept at a Glance PCS 6000 Maximum Energy to the Grid Converter Control AC 800 PEC Very Fast I/O S800 I/O For converter commissioning, service, maintenance and data logging Industrial PC PM Gen Wind Park Grid Breaker dv/dt filter Generator side converter DC link with voltage limiting unit Grid side converter Grid side line filter M M Pre-charging Unit Aux. Equipment (heaters, fans, ) Turbine Braking Resistor Cooling Unit The PCS 6000 modular converter family has a range from 3 to 9MVA with an output voltage of 3.3kV or 4kV. The modular concept allows high flexibility for customized converter solutions at the advantage of standardized high volume production of the different modules. The cooling unit, filters, circuit breakers and auxiliaries can be integrated in the cabinets of the converter system and thus allow a very compact footprint.

22 ABB MV Converter Technology Main Components of Converter Cabinet PCS 6000 Wind High Efficiency Converters for Renewable Energy Converter Controller AC 800 PEC Very Fast I/O S800 I/O PM Gen Breaker DC link with dv/dt voltage limiting filter Generator side converter unit Grid side converter Grid side line filter M M Pre-charging Unit Aux. Equipment (heaters, fans, ) Turbine Braking Resistor Cooling Unit Grid-side power unit Generator-side power unit Pre-charging module Cooling unit Voltage limiting and brake chopper module

23 ABB MV Converter Technology Main Components of Filter Cabinet PCS 6000 Wind High Efficiency Converters for Renewable Energy Converter Controller AC 800 PEC Very Fast I/O S800 I/O PM Gen Breaker DC link with dv/dt voltage limiting filter Generator side converter unit Grid side converter Grid side line filter M M Pre-charging Unit Aux. Equipment (heaters, fans, ) Turbine Braking Resistor Cooling Unit Generator-side dv/dt filter module Grid-side sine filter unit Generator circuit breaker module

24 ABB MV Converter Technology References of the Technology Platform PCS 6000 Wind Frequency converter for application in wind turbines > 380 MVA delivered G = = ACS 6000 MV Drive Frequency converter to drive an electrical motor > MVA delivered = = M PCS 6000 STATCOM Frequency converter for reactive power control > 200 MVA delivered PCS 6000 Rail Frequency converter to connect railway with regular grid > 950 MVA delivered = Grid 1 U1 f1 = = Grid 2 U2 f2

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26 Grid-side power unit Pre-charging module Cooling unit Voltage limiting and brake chopper module Generator-side power unit

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28 Summary A huge energy resource does not mean a large market will exist Profit drives Investment.. Available Finance depends on Confidence to create Profit Risk v Gain High risk low profit Early adopters face huge risks..why should they do it? Engineers can do anything..given enough money! Costs need to reduce only with large scale and technology First Tidal Turbine Array..need to de-risk where possible De-risk by using proven equipment Birth of a new industry? But when?

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